cambridge international examinations cambridge ... · (ii) describe in detail how the action of...

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© UCLES 2017 [Turn over

Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/42

Paper 4 (Extended) February/March 2017

1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.

Write in dark blue or black pen.

You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.

Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.

DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

2

0653/42/F/M/17© UCLES 2017

BLANK PAGE

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0653/42/F/M/17© UCLES 2017 [Turn over

1 (a) Use lines to connect the box on the left to different boxes on the right.

As an example one has been done for you. The sentence reads ‘Human liver cells take in

oxygen by diffusion’.

Draw three more lines to form three more correct sentences.

contain genetic material in the nucleus.

build up starch molecules from glucose molecules.

destroy hormones.

Human liver cells

contain chloroplasts.

take in oxygen by diffusion.

carry out cell respiration in the nucleus.

have a cell membrane.

[3]

(b) Fig. 1.1 shows a diagram of the human alimentary canal. The acidity and alkalinity of some of

the parts are also shown.

mouth cavity

(approximately neutral)

duodenum

(alkaline)

stomach

(acidic)

Fig. 1.1

During digestion food is broken down by mechanical and chemical processes.

Explain the meaning of the term chemical digestion.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

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(c) Fig. 1.2 shows a graph of how the activity of three different enzymes varies with temperature.

A B C

200 40 60

temperature / °C

enzyme

activity

80 100

A B C

Fig. 1.2

(i) Use information from Fig. 1.2 to decide which curve shows the activity of an enzyme in

the duodenum.

Complete the sentences.

Curve ................................ is from the duodenum because

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Fig. 1.3 shows a graph of how the activity of three different enzymes varies with pH.

0

D

1 2 3

pH

enzyme

activity

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

D

EE FF

Fig. 1.3

Use information from Fig. 1.1 to decide which curve in Fig. 1.3 shows the activity of an

enzyme in the duodenum of the alimentary canal.

Complete the sentences.

Curve ................................ is from the duodenum because

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

5


(iii) Explain why there is no activity shown by any of the enzymes in Fig. 1.2 at the following

temperatures.

0 °C

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

100 °C

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

[2]

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2 A student investigates the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric

acid. The reaction produces carbon dioxide.

Fig. 2.1 shows some of the apparatus that the student uses.

calcium

carbonate

dilute

hydrochloric acid

Fig. 2.1

The student measures the volume of carbon dioxide produced every minute for 10 minutes.

(a) Complete Fig. 2.1 to show the labelled apparatus that he uses to measure the volume of

carbon dioxide produced. [2]

(b) Fig. 2.2 shows the volume of carbon dioxide produced during the investigation.

0 1 2 3 4 5

time / minutes

volume

of

carbon

dioxide

6 7 8 9 10

Fig. 2.2

Describe and explain the change in the rate of the reaction during the first three minutes.

Use ideas about concentration and particle collisions in your answer.

change ......................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

[3]

7


(c) Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and

calcium carbonate, CaCO3.

........................... + .......................... CaCl2 + ........................... + .......................... [2]

(d) Describe the test for carbon dioxide and the positive result.

test ............................................................................................................................................

result .........................................................................................................................................

[2]

(e) Suggest the names of an acid and of a base that react together to produce magnesium

sulfate.

...................................................................... and .....................................................................

[2]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows an elevator (lift) which takes people to different floors in a tall building. The elevator

travels up the lift shaft pulled by a long rope. There are no people in the elevator, which has

stopped at the bottom floor.

rope

elevator

elevator

shaft W

Fig. 3.1

(a) The weight W of the empty lift is 5000 N.

(i) On Fig. 3.1 draw an arrow to show the action of the other main force acting on the

elevator while it is stopped. [1]

(ii) State whether the other force is 5000 N or has a different value. Give a reason for your

answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) A man of mass 80 kg enters the elevator on the bottom floor.

Calculate the new value of the total downward force caused by the man entering the

elevator. Show your working.

(g = 10 N / kg)

downward force = ...................................................... N [1]

(b) The elevator moves upwards at an average speed of 2 m / s. It moves 30 m up the elevator

shaft, and stops at the top floor.

(i) Calculate the time taken by the elevator to travel from the bottom floor to the top floor.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula

working

time = ....................................................... s [2]

9


(ii) Calculate the kinetic energy of the man (mass = 80 kg) when the elevator is travelling

at 2 m / s.

State the formula that you use and show your working.

formula

working

kinetic energy = ....................................................... J [2]

(iii) Calculate the potential energy gained by the man as he arrives at the top floor.

(g = 10 N / kg)

State the formula you use and show your working.

formula

working

potential energy gained = ....................................................... J [2]

(c) On Fig. 3.2 sketch the shape of the speed-time graph for the journey of the elevator from the

bottom floor to the top floor.

speed

time

Fig. 3.2

[1]

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4 Fig. 4.1 shows a diagram of part of the carbon cycle. The numbers show processes by which

carbon is transferred between compounds in organisms and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

plants

25

7

6

3

4

1

animalsdeath

organisms X

Fig. 4.1

(a) A carbon atom starts off in a molecule of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The carbon is

transferred during process 2 to another molecule in a plant.

(i) Name process 2 and suggest a compound contained in the plant that may contain the

carbon atom.

name of process 2 .............................................................................................................

compound .........................................................................................................................

[2]

(ii) The carbon atom in the plant compound in (i) is transferred to animals by process 6 and

finally returned to the atmosphere during process 3.

Describe in detail how carbon is transferred from the plants to the atmosphere during

these processes.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

11


(b) (i) Organisms X obtain their energy and nutrients from dead organisms and their waste

products.

Identify the organisms X.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Describe how carbon is transferred from animals to organisms X by process 7.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Carbon and sulfur are contained in fossil fuels. When the fossil fuels are burned these

elements are oxidised to carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. These products are released to

the atmosphere.

(i) Describe how the carbon dioxide released contributes to global warming.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) Describe the harmful effects caused by releasing sulfur dioxide to the atmosphere.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

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5 (a) Iron is extracted from iron oxide in the blast furnace, as shown in Fig. 5.1.

raw materials including

iron oxide and carbon

hot air

molten slag

molten iron

Fig. 5.1

(i) Some of the iron oxide reacts with carbon to form iron.

Name one other substance that reacts with iron oxide in the blast furnace to form iron.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Deduce the formula of iron oxide containing Fe3+ and O2– ions.

formula ...........................................................[1]

(b) (i) Explain why aluminium cannot be extracted from aluminium oxide in a blast furnace.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) State the method used to extract aluminium from aluminium oxide.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

13


(c) Copper can be extracted from aqueous copper chloride using the apparatus shown in Fig. 5.2.

aqueous copper chloride

low voltage

d.c. supply

– +

Fig. 5.2

(i) Predict the products that form at

the anode, .........................................................................................................................

the cathode. ......................................................................................................................

[1]

(ii) Describe how copper ions, Cu2+, change into copper atoms in this process.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(d) Potassium is a very reactive metal.

Argon is a noble gas.

Potassium does not react with argon.

(i) Suggest one reason why potassium does not react with argon.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) State one use of argon.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

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6 Fig. 6.1 shows a boat sailing near a lighthouse at night. The light from the lighthouse warns

passing boats to beware of dangerous rocks nearby.

Fig. 6.1

(a) The lighthouse has a very bright lamp placed at the principal focus of a converging lens.

Fig. 6.2 shows one ray from the lamp passing through the lens. Two more rays are shown

coming from the same point in the lamp. On Fig. 6.2 complete these rays to show how the

lens produces a narrow parallel beam of light.

Fig. 6.2

[2]

15


(b) Fog at sea is caused by water vapour in the air condensing to form tiny water droplets.

Water vapour in the air comes from the evaporation of water in the sea.

Describe how the motion of water molecules, and the forces and distances between them,

change as water evaporates and condenses.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

(c) When there is fog at sea, it is difficult for sailors to see the rocks. A fog-horn at the lighthouse

produces a very loud sound to warn sailors about the rocks.

The sound produced by a fog-horn has a frequency of 50 Hz.

Use the formula, v = f λ, to calculate the wavelength of the sound produced.

Speed of sound in air = 330 m / s.

Show your working.

wavelength = ...................................................... m [1]

(d) Climate change across the world is causing the average temperature of sea water to increase.

Explain why this may result in flooding of low-lying areas of land near the sea.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

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7 Fig. 7.1 shows a diagram of a germinating pea seed. The radicle (young root) is responding to

gravity and it is growing so that it is pointing downwards.

radicle

Fig. 7.1

(a) (i) State two environmental conditions needed for germination to take place.

1. .......................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................

[1]

(ii) Describe in detail how the action of auxins in the radicle causes the response in Fig. 7.1.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) (i) Suggest whether the root hairs respond to gravity in a similar way as the radicle in

Fig. 7.1.

Explain your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Suggest why your answer to (b)(i) is an advantage for the survival of the seedling.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

17


8 (a) Methane, CH4, and butane, C4H10, are both alkanes.

Methane boils at –162 °C. Butane boils at –1 °C.

Explain this difference in terms of molecular size and intermolecular attractive forces.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Ethene, C2H4, is produced by a process that uses long-chain hydrocarbon molecules.

(i) Name this process.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) A catalyst is used in this process.

Describe the change, if any, to the catalyst at the end of this process.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) Carbon dioxide is produced during the complete combustion of hydrocarbons.

(i) State the formula of the other product of the complete combustion of hydrocarbons.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the bonding electrons in carbon dioxide.

O C O

[1]

(iii) State the type of chemical bond that forms between oxygen, a non-metal, and sodium, a

metal.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

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9 Fig. 9.1 shows a simple circuit set up to investigate the electrical properties of a lamp.

+

lamp

meter X

switch

cell

+

Fig. 9.1

(a) On Fig. 9.2 use the correct circuit symbols to complete the circuit diagram for the circuit

shown in Fig. 9.1.

Fig. 9.2

[2]

(b) The lamp in Fig. 9.1 has a filament made of a long length of very thin wire.

The lamp is replaced in the circuit in Fig. 9.1 by another lamp with a filament wire of half the

length but the same diameter.

Predict the effect on the meter reading.

Explain your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

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0653/42/F/M/17© UCLES 2017

(c) The voltage across the lamp is 1.5 V, and the current through the lamp is 0.6 A.

(i) Use the equation P = I V to calculate the power consumption when the lamp is lit.

Show your working and give the unit of your answer.

power = .............................................. unit ............................ [2]

(ii) The cell transfers a total of 540 J of energy to the lamp before the cell runs down and the

lamp goes out.

Calculate the time for which the cell will keep the lamp lit.

State any formula you use, show your working and state the unit of your answer.

formula

working

time = .............................................. unit ............................ [2]

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0653/42/F/M/17© UCLES 2017

Gro

up

Th

e P

eri

od

ic T

ab

le o

f E

lem

en

ts

1 Hhydro

gen

1

2

He

heliu

m

4

III

III

IVV

VI

VII

VIII

3 Li

lithiu

m

7

4 Be

bery

llium

9

ato

mic

num

ber

ato

mic

sym

bo

l

Key

nam

e

rela

tive a

tom

ic m

ass

11

Na

sodiu

m

23

12

Mg

magnesiu

m

24

19 K

pota

ssiu

m

39

20

Ca

calc

ium

40

37

Rb

rubid

ium

85

38

Sr

str

ontium

88

55

Cs

caesiu

m

133

56

Ba

barium

137

87

Fr

franciu

m

–

88

Ra

radiu

m

–

5 Bboro

n

11

13

Al

alu

min

ium

27

31

Ga

gallium

70

49

In

indium

115

81 Tl

thallium

204

6 Ccarbon

12

14 Si

silicon

28

32

Ge

germanium

73

50

Sntin

119

82

Pb

lead

207

22 Ti

titanium

48

40

Zr

zirconium

91

72

Hf

hafnium

178

104

Rf

rutherfordium

–

23 V

vanadium

51

41

Nb

niobium

93

73

Ta

tantalum

181

105

Db

dubnium

–

24

Cr

chromium

52

42

Mo

molybdenum

96

74

Wtungsten

184

106

Sg

seaborgium

–

25

Mn

manganese

55

43

Tc

technetium

– 75

Re

rhenium

186

107

Bh

bohrium

–

26

Fe

iron

56

44

Ru

ruthenium

101

76

Os

osmium

190

108

Hs

hassium

–

27

Co

cobalt

59

45

Rh

rhodium

103

77

Ir

iridium

192

109

Mt

meitnerium

–

28

Ni

nickel

59

46

Pd

palladium

106

78

Pt

platinum

195

110

Ds

darmstadtium

–

29

Cu

copper

64

47

Ag

silver

108

79

Au

gold

197

111

Rg

roentgenium

–

30

Zn

zinc

65

48

Cd

cadmium

112

80

Hg

mercury

201

112

Cn

copernicium

–

114

Fl

flerovium

–

116

Lv

livermorium

–

7 Nnitrogen

14

15 P

phosphorus

31

33

As

arsenic

75

51

Sb

antimony

122

83 Bi

bismuth

209

8 Ooxygen

16

16 S

sulfur

32

34

Se

selenium

79

52

Te

tellurium

128

84

Po

polo

niu

m

–

9 Ffluorine

19

17

Cl

chlo

rine

35.5

35

Br

bro

min

e

80

53 I

iodin

e

127

85

At

asta

tine

–

10

Ne

neon

20

18

Ar

arg

on

40

36

Kr

kry

pto

n

84

54

Xe

xenon

131

86

Rn

radon

–

21

Sc

scandiu

m

45

39 Y

yttrium

89

57–71

lanth

anoid

s

89–103

actinoid

s

57

La

lanth

anum

139

89

Ac

lanth

anoid

s

actinoid

s

The v

olu

me o

f one m

ole

of any g

as is 2

4 d

m3 a

t ro

om

tem

pera

ture

and p

ressure

(r.

t.p.)

actiniu

m

–

58

Ce

cerium

140

90

Th

thorium

232

59

Pr

praseodymium

141

91

Pa

protactinium

231

60

Nd

neodymium

144

92 U

uranium

238

61

Pm

promethium

– 93

Np

neptunium

–

62

Sm

samarium

150

94

Pu

plutonium

–

63

Eu

europium

152

95

Am

americium

–

64

Gd

gadolinium

157

96

Cm

curium

–

65

Tb

terbium

159

97

Bk

berkelium

–

66

Dy

dysprosium

163

98

Cf

californium

–

67

Ho

holmium

165

99

Es

einsteinium

–

68

Er

erbium

167

100

Fm

fermium

–

69

Tm

thulium

169

101

Md

mendelevium

–

70

Yb

ytterbium

173

102

No

nobelium

–

71

Lu

lutetium

175

103

Lr

lawrencium

–

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International

Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after

the live examination series.

cambridge international examinations cambridge ... · (ii) describe in detail how the action of...

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