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1 CAMELLIA The railway to Carlingford was constructed as a private railway owned by Benjamin Christian Simpson. Simpson’s Railway Act was passed on 13 June 1893. It authorised that a railway be built from Rosehill to Dural in three sections, the first being from Rosehill to Pennant Hills (now Carlingford), the second to Castle Hill and the third to Dural. Mr Simpson contracted Horne and Shand, whose business had already constructed the Prospect Reservoir and the railway from Culcairn to Corowa. Work began on the first section on 29 March 1894. The first passenger train ran to Carlingford, then known as Pennant Hills, on 20 April 1896. Passenger trains from Carlingford first terminated at Rosehill, so passengers either transferred to trains from Sandown at Rosehill or steam trams at Camellia, then known as Subiaco. The private tramway that operated between Redbank Wharf and Parramatta crossed the Carlingford Line on the level just south of Subiaco Station. Subiaco Station (Camellia) was located 113 metres north of the junction of the Carlingford Line (Simpson’s Railway) with the Sandown Line (Bennett’s Railway). It was 22.9 km from Sydney and 4.9 metres above sea level. How did Subiaco get its name? John Macarthur, a nephew of the famous sheep producer, had to sell his elegant stone mansion and estate when the Bank of Australia (of which he was Chairman) failed in 1843. He sold The Vineyard to Thomas Icely from whom Archbishop John Bede Polding, the first Catholic Archbishop of Sydney, purchased it for the Roman Catholic Church. The Archbishop invited some nuns to initiate Benedictine monastic life in Australia. Mothers Scholastica (Jane) Gregory and Magdalan (Constantia) le Clerc arrived from England in 1848 and soon took up residence at “The Vineyard”. The convent was renamed Subiaco because Saint Benedict lived in a cave at Subiaco in Italy during the sixth century. The Benedictine Sisters resided in Subiaco house for 108 years between 1849 and 1957. Although Subiaco Station was located on the south side of the Parramatta River, the estate was actually located on the north bank between Vineyard Creek and Bishop’s Creek (later renamed Subiaco Creek). The property was sold in 1961, and the historic mansion was demolished to make way for expansion of the Rheem factory. The Benedictine Sisters moved to a new monastery in Franklin Road, West Pennant Hills (now Cherrybrook), where they resided until 1988. The community was relocated to Jamberoo Abbey, from which they featured in a highly successful television mini‐series titled The Abbey that was broadcast on the ABC’s Compass programme during 2007. A New Name The State Government took over Simpson’s Railway in 1901. Subiaco House was on the opposite side of the Parramatta River to Subiaco Station and was thus more accessible from Victoria Road Station (Rydalmere). Changing the name of Subiaco Station would eliminate any confusion. A proposed timetable

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Page 1: CAMELLIA - ARHS NSW · Camellia a few weeks later on 14 September 1901. The new name came from a local nursery, Silas Sheather’s Camellia Grove. When the double track was extended

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CAMELLIA TherailwaytoCarlingfordwasconstructedasaprivaterailwayownedbyBenjaminChristianSimpson.Simpson’sRailwayActwaspassedon13June1893.ItauthorisedthatarailwaybebuiltfromRosehilltoDuralinthreesections,thefirstbeingfromRosehilltoPennantHills(nowCarlingford),thesecondtoCastleHillandthethirdtoDural.MrSimpsoncontractedHorneandShand,whosebusinesshadalreadyconstructedtheProspectReservoirandtherailwayfromCulcairntoCorowa.Workbeganonthefirstsectionon29March1894.ThefirstpassengertrainrantoCarlingford,thenknownasPennantHills,on20April1896.PassengertrainsfromCarlingfordfirstterminatedatRosehill,sopassengerseithertransferredtotrainsfromSandownatRosehillorsteamtramsatCamellia,thenknownasSubiaco.TheprivatetramwaythatoperatedbetweenRedbankWharfandParramattacrossedtheCarlingfordLineontheleveljustsouthofSubiacoStation. SubiacoStation(Camellia)waslocated113metresnorthofthejunctionoftheCarlingfordLine(Simpson’sRailway)withtheSandownLine(Bennett’sRailway).Itwas22.9kmfromSydneyand4.9metresabovesealevel.HowdidSubiacogetitsname? JohnMacarthur,anephewofthefamoussheepproducer,hadtosellhiselegantstonemansionandestatewhentheBankofAustralia(ofwhichhewasChairman)failedin1843.HesoldTheVineyardtoThomasIcelyfromwhomArchbishopJohnBedePolding,thefirstCatholicArchbishopofSydney,purchaseditfortheRomanCatholicChurch.TheArchbishopinvitedsomenunstoinitiateBenedictinemonasticlifeinAustralia.MothersScholastica(Jane)GregoryandMagdalan(Constantia)leClercarrivedfromEnglandin1848andsoontookupresidenceat“TheVineyard”.TheconventwasrenamedSubiacobecauseSaintBenedictlivedinacaveatSubiacoinItalyduringthesixthcentury.TheBenedictineSistersresidedinSubiacohousefor108yearsbetween1849and1957. AlthoughSubiacoStationwaslocatedonthesouthsideoftheParramattaRiver,theestatewasactuallylocatedonthenorthbankbetweenVineyardCreekandBishop’sCreek(laterrenamedSubiacoCreek). Thepropertywassoldin1961,andthehistoricmansionwasdemolishedtomakewayforexpansionoftheRheemfactory.TheBenedictineSistersmovedtoanewmonasteryinFranklinRoad,WestPennantHills(nowCherrybrook),wheretheyresideduntil1988.ThecommunitywasrelocatedtoJamberooAbbey,fromwhichtheyfeaturedinahighlysuccessfultelevisionmini‐seriestitledTheAbbeythatwasbroadcastontheABC’sCompassprogrammeduring2007.ANewName TheStateGovernmenttookoverSimpson’sRailwayin1901.SubiacoHousewasontheoppositesideoftheParramattaRivertoSubiacoStationandwasthusmoreaccessiblefromVictoriaRoadStation(Rydalmere).ChangingthenameofSubiacoStationwouldeliminateanyconfusion.Aproposedtimetable

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forthelinein1900referredtoSubiacoasParramattaTramJunction,butthestationreopenedwiththegovernmenttakeoveron1August1901asSubiaco.However,thenamechangedtoCamelliaafewweekslateron14September1901.Thenewnamecamefromalocalnursery,SilasSheather’sCamelliaGrove. WhenthedoubletrackwasextendedfromRosehillon19June1902,thetracksconvergedintoasinglelinejust47metressouthofCamelliaStation.AmechanicalsignalboxcontrolledthejunctionwiththeSandownLine.Hardies HardieswaslocatedontheSandownLine.NothingremainsofHardiesPlatform,whichwasonlyahop,stepandajumpfromCamelliaStation.JamesHardyandSonsproducedbuildingmaterialsandpipesinthenearbyfactory.Theasbestoscementinsomeoftheirproductsexplainswhythegroundintheareaispollutedwiththismaterial.Theoriginalplatform,whichwaslocatedontheDown(western)sideoftheline,openedforemployeeson4April1938. HardiesStationwasreplacedbyanewoneontheSandownsideoftheGrandAvenuelevelcrossingon18June1959.ItwaslocatedontheUp(south)sideofthelineandconsistedofawoodenplatformstandingonbrickpiers. TheAsbestosSlateandSheetManufacturingSiding,whichopenedon25October1916,servedJamesHardieandSons.ItwaslocatedontheDown(northern)sideoftheSandownLine.FrameBoperatedthepoints,whichfacedDowntrains.ThesidingcurvednorthwardstowardstheParramattaRiver.ThenamechangedtoHardiesAsbestosSidingon1May1926. JamesHardiepromotedFibroliteAsbestosCementSheets.Theiradvertisementclaimedthattheproductwassuitableforexternalandinteriorwalls,ceilings,partitions,gableends,eavesandlinings.Itwasfireretardant,whiteantproof,weatherproofand“practicallyeverlasting.” AnadditionalsidingforJamesHardiewasprovidedon27November1944.NamedHardiesAsbestosSidingNo.2,ithadaseparateconnectiontotheSandownbranchandwasthusoperatedbyanewlockedgroundframe,FrameJ. BernieBantonworkedatJamesHardie’splantfrom1968to1974.Heoperatedalatheproducingpipepartsandshapedblocksofasbestosforpowerstations.Liketheotheremployees,heinhaleddeadlydustparticles,butwasnottoldofthedangers. ByApril1985,theword“asbestos”wascausingsomeembarrassmentforfirmsthathadusedthematerialandwastakenoutofthenamesofHardiesSidings.BothsidingsservingHardieswereremovedon13November1990. BernieBanton,althoughsufferingfromasbestosis,ledthecompensationfightforworkerswhocontractedasbestosrelateddiseases,andhiseffortseventuallyledtotheestablishmentofafourbilliondollarsvictims’fund.Hediedofperitonealmesotheliomaon27November2007attheageof61. ElectricTrains ElectrictrainsbeganrunningtoCarlingfordonSunday9August1959andtoSandownfromMonday10August1959. Preservedelectriclocomotive4615wasthelastelectric“train”toSandownon20December2002.

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TheBridge Tenderswerecalledfortheconstructionofatwo‐lanebridgetocarryGrandAvenueovertherailwayatCamelliaon17December1980.GrandAvenuelevelcrossing(locatedsouthofCamelliaStation)wasreplacedbyalargeconcreteoverbridgein1982,andthehandoperatedswinggateswentoutofuse. Afterstayinginuseforjust100years,thebridgeovertheParramattaRiverwasreplacedbyanewsteelponyPratttrussstructureduringMay1996.Thepiersfromtheoldbridgearestillinuse,althoughstrengthenedbybeingencasedinsteeltubes.Theornamentalarchedabutmentsremainforthepresent.Safeworking OrdinaryTrainStaffandTicketWorkingstayedinuseontheCarlingfordLineuntilJune1992.TheheadoftheStaffwasroundinshapeandtheticketswereredoncolour.Thesectionwas“Camellia‐Carlingford.” AlthoughCamelliakeptits19thCenturysignallingtechnologyuntilJune1992,thesignalboxitselfwasreplacedon1November1981byoneinanewbrickbuilding.Thewornout“McKenzieandHolland6Apatternrockershafttypeframe”wasreplacedbyalessancient20leverframe.Itcontrolledtheroddingforthemechanicalpointsplusthewiresforlowerquadrantsignals,whichwerestillmakinguseofkerosenelamps. RosehillandCamelliaSignalBoxeswereabolishedon13June1992.ThecomplexjunctionatCamelliawasreplacedbyaverysimpleoneatRosehill.ItisoperatedfromParramattaRoadSignalBox,whereapushbuttoninterlockingmachinehasreplacedtheoldpanels. AnaxlecounteratRosehillreplacedordinaryTrainStaffsafeworkingontheCarlingfordLineon21June1992.

ThesecondHardiesStationthatopenedin1959andclosedin1991.HardiesAsbestosSidingNo.1curvesofftotheleft.JohnOakes.

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ThesignalfacingUptrainsatCamelliaStation.NotethefixeddistantsignalforRosehillthatalwaysshowedaredlightatnight.Whenthetoparmwaslowered,thesignalwouldshowgreenoverred(caution)atnight.Thesmallsignalarmisawrongroadsignal.WhentheUplinewasblockedbyracecoursespecials(orambulancetrainsduringWorldWarII),trainsfromCarlingfordcouldgoaroundthemviatheDownline.ClearingrequiredleversatbothCamelliaandRosehilltobereversed.ItcouldonlybeclearediftheDownsignalsatRosehillwereat“stop.”23September1991.NJSimonsCollection. ARHSRRC 059052.

ThediagraminCamelliaSignalBox.TheconnectionfromtheSandownBranchtotheUpCarlingfordlinewasintheformofasingleslip.NotethatLevers12and13operatedthepointsinthesingleslipaswellasrelatedpointsintheCarlingfordline.ASHayneARHSRRC075322.

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ThefirstHardiesPlatformwasclosetothejunction.CamelliaStationisintheleftbackground.NotethewrongroadsignalthatallowedtrainsfromtheSandownLinetousetheDownCarlingfordlineiftheUplinewasoccupiedbyracetrains(ortheambulancetrainduringWorldWarII.ARHSRRC010028

ThejunctionfortheSandownLine.NotethesingleslipintheUpCarlingfordline.ARHSRRC106795

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TheordinarytrainstaffandticketboxfortheCamelliaCarlingfordsection.ARHSRRC106848

CamelliaStationwithasteamtramontheprivateRedbankWharf–Parramattasteamtramline.CCSingletonCollection.ARHSRRC005276ParramattaSteamTram Thetramwayopenedon1October1883.GoodsandpassengerstransferredfromferriestotramsatRedbankWharf(neartheconfluenceofDuckRiverandParramattaRiver)tobypasstheshallowsectionsoftheParramattaRiver.ThebiggestcustomerwasMeggittLtdofParramatta,afirmthatproducedlinseedoil.Thetramwayclosedon31March1943.

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CamelliashowingthesteamtramcrossingandtheGrandAvenuelevelcrossingHHMatthewsCollectionARHSRRC024045c

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ThebuildingsontheCamelliaStationplatformandtheGrandAvenuelevelcrossingwiththehandoperatedgates.ThesignalontheSandownLinethatprotectsthejunctionisbehindthepoleintherightbackground.ARHSRRC100681.

Camelliashowingthepointroddingandsignalwires.ARHSRRC059049


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