camera module comparison 2021 vol. 2 apple iphone ......iphone 11 pro max sep 2019 5 iphone 12 pro...

©2021 by System Plus Consulting | SPR21553 – Camera Module Comparison 2021 Vol. 2 – Apple iPhone Evolution 1

22 bd Benoni Goullin44200 NANTES - FRANCE +33 2 40 18 09 16 [email protected] www.systemplus.fr

REVERSE COSTING® – STRUCTURE? PROCESS AND COST REPORT

CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE

22 bd Benoni Goullin44200 NANTES - FRANCE +33 2 40 18 09 16 [email protected] www.systemplus.fr

Camera Module Comparison 2021 Vol. 2 – Apple iPhone EvolutionApple's camera design choices from the iPhone 6S Plus to the 12 Pro Max.SPR21553 - Imaging report by Peter BONANNO

Physical analysis by Véronique LE TROADEC & Guillaume CHEVALIER June 2021 – Sample

REVERSE COSTING® – STRUCTURAL, PROCESS & COST REPORT

http://www.systemplus.fr/



Table of Contents

Overview / Introduction 4

o Executive Summary

o Reverse Costing Methodology

o Glossary

Companies & Supply Chain 8

o Apple, Sony, LG Innotek, STMicro

o Players & Market

o Supply Chain

Physical Comparison & Evolution 21

o Camera Overviews

o Physical Comparison

o Overview of the Physical Analysis

Manufacturing Processes 53

o Camera Module Structure

o Image Sensor Manufacturing Processes

Cost Comparison 65

o CMOS Image Sensor Cost Comparison

o Front-End Comparison

o Front Camera Die Cost Comparison

o Rear Camera Die Cost Comparison

o Camera Module Cost Comparison

o Front Camera Modules

o Rear Single and Dual Camera Modules

o Rear Triple Camera Modules

o Camera Cost Breakdown

o Camera Price Comparison

Detailed Physical Analysis 84

o Front Cameras 84

✓ Infrared

✓ iPhone 11 & 12

✓ iPhone XS Max

✓ iPhone X

✓ iPhone 8 Plus

✓ iPhone 7 Plus

✓ iPhone 6S Plus

o Rear Cameras 115

✓ iPhone 12 Pro Max

✓ iPhone 11 Pro Max

✓ iPhone XS Max

✓ iPhone X

✓ iPhone 8 Plus

✓ iPhone 7 Plus

✓ iPhone 6S Plus

Feedback 187

Related Analyses 189

System Plus Consulting Services 191



Overview / Introductiono Executive Summaryo Reverse Costing

Methodologyo Glossary

Companies & Supply Chain

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison

Selling Price Analysis

Related Analyses

About System Plus

Executive Summary

Over 1.3B smartphones shipped in 2020, and 15% of those were iPhones. Apple is widely considered an innovation leader, andiPhone cameras are consistently ranked among the best in the industry. Continuing our series of camera module comparisonreports, we summarize the results of detailed physical analyses and costing studies to compare the cameras of the iPhone 6SPlus, 7 Plus, 8 Plus, X, XS Max, 11 Pro Max, and 12 Pro Max. This report aims to offer insight into the physical and cost evolutionof the camera modules and CMOS image sensors in the last six years of Apple flagship smartphones.

The analysis covers the rear and front-facing RGB camera modules as well as the front-facing Near Infrared (NIR) module. Thisincludes the complete structure, design, and all components of the camera modules. It covers the dimensions, technologynodes and stacking technology in the CMOS image sensors. The rear-facing LiDAR camera in the 12 Pro Max is not covered,but the reader is encouraged to discover the essentially identical LiDAR module in the related report SP20557 - Apple iPad ProLiDAR Module.

Over the years, the rear camera has evolved with the market trend from a single to dual and finally a triple camera system.The front camera has also evolved from a single camera to the dual-camera TrueDepth system. The overall design of theAutoFocus/Optical Image Stabilisation (AF/OIS) system has remained very consistent until the introduction of Sensor-shift OISin the iPhone 12 Pro Max. See our dedicated report SPR21611 - Apple iPhone 12 Pro Max Rear Camera for a deep dive intothis technology.

All rear sensors have 12 megapixels (Mp) despite the trend among other leading OEMs to go as high as 108 Mp. This hasallowed Apple to sometimes retain image sensors between iPhone generations while improving camera performance frommodule upgrades and algorithm tweaks.



Overview / Introductiono Executive Summaryo Reverse Costing

Methodologyo Glossary


Physical Comparison


Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

The reverse costing analysis is conducted in 3 phases:

Teardown analysis

Package is analyzed and measuredThe dies are extracted in order to get overall data: dimensions, main blocks, pad number and pin

out, die markingSetup of the manufacturing process.

Costing analysis

Setup of the manufacturing environmentCost simulation of the process steps

Selling price analysis

Supply chain analysisAnalysis of the selling price

Executive Summary



Overview / Introduction


Physical Comparison & Evolution o Camera Overviewso Physical Comparison

o Front Cameraso Dual Cameraso Triple Cameras

o Overview of Physical Analysiso iPhone 12 Pro Maxo iPhone 11 Pro Maxo iPhone XS Maxo iPhone Xo iPhone 8 Pluso iPhone 7 Pluso iPhone 6S Plus


Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

Camera Overviews

*We have performed a full analysis of the essentially identical LiDAR in the iPad Pro (SP20557)

†

Smartphone LaunchN° of

Modules

Camera

position

Module

NameCamera Module Specification

Front Front 5 MP, f/2.2, 31 mm, 1.12 µm

Rear Rear 12 MP, f/2.2, 29 mm, 1/3", 1.22 µm, PDAF, OIS

Front Front 7 MP, f/2.2, 32 mm, 1.0 µm

Wide 12 MP, f/1.7, 26 mm (wide), 1/2.55", 1.22 µm, dual pixel PDAF, OIS

Telephoto 12 MP, f/2.8, 56 mm (telephoto), 1/3.6", 1.0 µm, AF, 2x optical zoom

Front Front 7 MP, f/2.2, 32mm , 1.0 µm

Wide 12 MP, f/1.8, 28 mm (wide), 1.22 µm, PDAF, OIS

Telephoto 12 MP, f/2.8, 57 mm (telephoto), 1.0 µm, PDAF, 2x optical zoom

Front 7 MP, f/2.2, 32 mm, 1.0 µm

IR/depth 1.4 Mp, f/2.0, 2.8 µm infrared

Wide 12 MP, f/1.8, 28 mm (wide), 1/3", 1.22 µm, dual pixel PDAF, OIS

Telephoto 12 MP, f/2.4, 52 mm (telephoto), 1/3.4", 1.0 µm, PDAF, OIS, 2x optical zoom

Front 7 MP, f/2.2, 32 mm, 1.0 µm


Wide 12 MP, f/1.8, 26 mm (wide), 1/2.55", 1.4 µm, dual pixel PDAF, OIS


Front 12 MP, f/2.2, 23 mm (wide), 1/3.6", 1.0 µm


Main 12 MP, f/1.8, 26 mm (wide), 1/2.55", 1.4 µm, dual pixel PDAF, OIS


Ultra Wide 12 MP, f/2.4, 120˚, 13 mm (ultrawide), 1/3.6", 1.0 µm

Front 12 MP, f/2.2, 23 mm (wide), 1/3.6", 1.0 µm


Main 12 MP, f/1.6, 26 mm (wide), 1.7 µm, dual pixel PDAF, sensor-shift OIS

Telephoto 12 MP, f/2.2, 65 mm (telephoto), 1/3.4", 1.0 µm, PDAF, OIS, 2.5x optical zoom

Ultra Wide 12 MP, f/2.4, 120˚ FOV, 13 mm (ultra-wide), 1/3.6", 1.0 µm

LiDAR* 0.03 MP (not covered in this report*)

Sep 2019iPhone 11 Pro Max 5

iPhone 12 Pro Max Nov 2020 6

iPhone 6S Plus

iPhone 7 Plus

iPhone 8 Plus

Sep 2015 2

Sep 2016 3

Sep 2017 3

Rear

Rear

Rear

Front

Front

Rear

Rear

Rear

4

Front

iPhone XS Max Sep 2018 4

Front

iPhone X Nov 2017


https://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/apple-ipad-pro-11s-lidar-module/








Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

TrueDepth Front Camera:

Camera and Camera Module Overview

Wide Wide

WideWide

MainMain

TelephotoTelephoto

Telephoto Telephoto Telephoto

Telephoto

Ultra Wide Ultra Wide

Rear Modules:

Front Single Cameras:

Front Front

Front Front

Front NIR

Rear Dual Cameras:Rear Single Camera:

RearTriple Cameras:

Front NIR Front NIR Front NIR

Front Modules:

Cameras and camera modules are to scale for comparison.

module retained

module retained

module retained

module retained









Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

CMOS Image Sensor Overview

Telephoto:

Ultra Wide:

Main/Wide:

Front:

Front IR:CIS retained

CIS retained

CIS retained

CIS retained

CIS are to scale for comparison.

CIS retained









Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

Camera Module Physical Comparison

Front-Facing Camera

Rear-Facing Camera

CM: Camera ModuleOIS: Optical Image StabilizationAF: AutofocusTTL: Through-The-Lens

CM Cost: Cost to manufacture the camera moduleCM Price: Cost plus manufacturer’s gross margin

CM price per side: total price of all camera modules on the front or back side of the phone









Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

CMOS Image Sensor Physical Comparison

Res.: Resolution (number of pixels)Ffactor: Pixel array form factor (Width / Length)Diag.: Length of diagonal of pixel array

CIS: CMOS Image SensorCIS Cost: Cost to manufacture the CISCIS Price: Cost plus manufacturer’s gross margin

Front-Facing Camera

Rear-Facing Camera









Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

Smartphone iPhone 6S Plus iPhone 7 Plus iPhone 8 Plus iPhone X iPhone XS Plus iPhone 11 Pro Max iPhone 12 Pro Max

Die Area

Pad Number

Pixel Array

CIS resolution

Pixel Size

Techno nodexnm (

d)

Wafer Bonding

Xx)

(infrared)

mm²

mm²

Mp

µm

nm

Front Camera CIS Physical Comparison

Front:

Front IR:CIS retained

CIS retained

CIS are to scale for comparison.









Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

iPhone 12 Pro Max – Camera Modules Physical Analysis Overview

Total CM Cost:

Total CM Price:

Total Camera Volume:

Release date:November 2020









Cost Analysis

Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

iPhone 12 Pro Max – CMOS Image Sensors Physical Analysis Overview

Total CIS Die Area:

Total CIS Die Cost:

Total CIS Die Price:

Release date:November 2020

Sensors are to scale for comparison





Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Processeso Camera Module Structure

o Conventionalo Sensorshift OIS

o Sensor Manuf. Processeso with TSV stackingo with Hybrid stackingo Infrared

Cost Comparison

Detailed Physical Analysis

Related Analyses

About System Plus

Camera Module Structure

iPhone X Rear Wide CM OIS Coil Substrate on plastic housing – view from top

©2021 by System Plus Consulting

iPhone X Rear Wide CM Lens Barrel and VCM housing – view from bottom


iPhone X Rear Wide CM Ceramic Substrate with CIS – view from top






Physical Comparison




Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

Camera Module Structure – Sensor-shift OIS

Cross-section showing the arrangement and structure of the Sensor-shift OIS system ©2021 by System Plus Consulting

Flexible Printed Circuit©2021 by System Plus Consulting

Apple has achieved an OIS system in which the sensor moves while the lens barrel remains immobile. It accomplishes this by using a flexible printed circuit that allows the sensor to move while maintaining connection with the motherboard.

Check out our

teardown note for an animated

demonstration of

the motion:

Mobile PCB Platform©2021 by System Plus Consulting

bottom of lens barrel & voice coil motor assembly©2021 by System Plus Consulting

For a deep dive into the Sensor-shift system, check out our dedicated report SPR21611 – Apple iPhone 12 Pro Max Rear Camera


https://www.reverse-costing.com/teardown-notes/apples-novel-sensor-shift-ois-iphone-12-pro-max-ca/




https://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/apple-iphone-12-pro-max-rear-camera/





Physical Comparison




Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

Sony’s CMOS Image Sensor Cu-Cu Hybrid Bonding Process





Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Processes

Cost Comparisono CIS Cost Comparison

o Front-Endo Front Camera Die Costo Rear Camera Die Cost

o Module Cost Comparisono Front Moduleso Rear Single & Dual

Camera Moduleso Rear Triple Camera

Moduleso Camera Cost Breakdowno Camera Price Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

CMOS Image Sensor – Front-End Cost Comparison





Physical Comparison








Related Analyses

About System Plus

Rear Image Sensor – Die Cost Comparison





Physical Comparison








Related Analyses

About System Plus

Rear Single and Dual Camera Modules – Cost of Components & Assembly

wide wide wide wide

telephoto telephototelephototelephoto





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison

Detailed Physical Analysiso Front Cameras

o Infraredo iPhone 11 & 12o iPhone XS Maxo iPhone Xo iPhone 8 Pluso iPhone 7 Pluso iPhone 6 Plus

o Rear Cameraso iPhone 12 Pro Maxo iPhone 11 Pro Maxo iPhone XS Maxo iPhone Xo iPhone 8 Pluso iPhone 7 Pluso iPhone 6 Plus

Related Analyses

About System Plus

iPhone 12 Pro Max – Rear Main CM – Dimensions & Teardown

CIS Die Overview©2021 by System Plus Consulting

Microlenses (1.7µm) –SEM View


Camera Module with flex – Top, Back & Side View©2021 by System Plus Consulting

Pixel Array

1.7 µm

RGBG Bayer color filter array©2021 by System Plus Consulting

Mobile PCB Platform – view from top©2021 by System Plus Consulting

iPhone 12 Pro Max

Die Areax mm²(xmm)

Pad Number x

Pixel Array3x mm²(xmm)

CIS resolutionxMp(x)

Pixel Size 1xµm

Techno node xx nm

Wafer Bonding x.





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison




Related Analyses

About System Plus

iPhone 12 Pro Max – Rear Main CM – CIS Delayering & Cross-Section

Pixel ArrayWafer

Logic Circuit Wafer

iPhone 12 Pro Max





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison




Related Analyses

About System Plus

Cross-Section showing optical dimensions


iPhone 12 Pro Max – Rear Main CM – Module Cross-Section

Rear Main Camera Module – various views showing the position of the cross-sectional plane


Camera Module Cross-Section – Optical Overview ©2021 by System Plus Consulting

iPhone 12 Pro Max





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Plus

Related Analyses

RELATED MONITORS

RELATED TEARDOWN TRACKSRELATED REPORTS

By System Plus Consulting:• Camera Modules Comparison

2021 – Vol. 1

• Smartphone Camera Module Comparison 2020 Vol. 2: Focus on Samsung

• Apple iPhone 12 Pro Max Rear Camera

By Yole Développement:• CMOS Camera Module Industry

for Consumer & Automotive 2020

• Status of the CMOS Image Sensor Industry 2020

By System Plus Consulting:• APPLE iPhone 6 plus 128GB

• APPLE iPhone X

• APPLE iPhone 12 Pro Max 5G

By Yole Développement:• CMOS Image Sensor Quarterly

Monitor – Q4-2020


https://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/smartphone-camera-module-comparison-2020-vol-3-focus-on-huawei/

https://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/camera-modules-comparison-2021-vol-1/

https://www.systemplus.fr/reverse-costing-reports/smartphone-camera-module-comparison-2020-vol-2-focus-on-samsung/


https://www.i-micronews.com/products/cmos-camera-module-industry-for-consumer-automotive-2020/

https://www.i-micronews.com/products/status-of-cmos-image-sensor-industry-2020/

https://www.reverse-costing.com/teardowns/pe_appleteardown-iphone-6-plus-128gb-iphone-6-plus-128/#features

https://www.reverse-costing.com/teardowns/pe_appleteardown-iphone-x-a1901-64/#features

https://www.reverse-costing.com/teardowns/apple_iphone_12_pro_max_a2342_128gb/#features

https://www.i-micronews.com/products/cmos-image-sensor-service-camera-module-research/

https://www.i-micronews.com/products/cmos-image-sensor-service-camera-module-research/

https://www.reverse-costing.com/teardowns/pe_appleteardown-iphone-6-plus-128gb-iphone-6-plus-128/#features

https://www.reverse-costing.com/teardowns/apple_iphone_12_pro_max_a2342_128gb/#features

https://www.reverse-costing.com/teardowns/pe_appleteardown-iphone-x-a1901-64/#features

COMPANYSERVICES




Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison


Related Analyses

About System Pluso Company serviceso Contact

A Structure, Process and Cost Analysis

Reverse Costing® consists of disassembling a device or a system in orderto identify its technology and discern its manufacturing processes andthen using in-house models and tools to determine its cost.

Our Core Activity : Reverse Costing®





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison


Related Analyses


Fields Of Expertise





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison


Related Analyses


Business Model

Teardown Track

205+ teardowns per

year

Monitor1 per year quarterly updated

Custom Analysis150 custom analyses per

year

Report60+ per year

Costing Tools

5 process-based and 3 parametric

costing tools

Cost MethodsTrainingOn demand





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison


Related Analyses


Worldwide Presence

100+ collaborators in 8 different countries

Headquarters› Nantes – System Plus Consulting› Lyon – Yole Développement

Boise

CorneliusRaleighPhoenix

Austin

Singapore

Hsinchu

TokyoShenzhen

Seoul

Frankfurt

Nantes

Lyon





Physical Comparison


Cost Comparison


Related Analyses


Contact

HEADQUARTER & CUSTOM PROJECT SERVICES

22 Bd Benoni Goullin44200 Nantes, France

[email protected] - +33 2 40 18 09 16

REPORTS & MONITORS WEBSITE

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TRACKS WEBSITE

www.reverse-costing.com

MARKETING, COMMUNICATION & PR

Jean-Christophe Eloy, Marketing & Communication

[email protected] - +33 686 68 19 31

Sandrine Leroy, Public [email protected] - +33 4 72 83 01 89

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camera module comparison 2021 vol. 2 apple iphone ......iphone 11 pro max sep 2019 5 iphone 12 pro...

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