ဗီုဂြံသုင္ေစာဲ Can/could/would you…? etc. ဿအရာ အာတ္မိက္၊ ကုဪ၊ ကုဪအေခါင္၊ ဘိက္ပၞိင ္(request, offers, permission and invitations)

•   Asking people to do things (requests) အာတ္မိက ္ပူဂုဪမြဲမြဲ သြက္ဂြံေကႜာန္ကုဪမြဲမြဲသာ ္We use can or could to ask people to do things: သြက္ဂြံအာတ္မိက ္မႝိဟ္တ ံဂြံေကႜာန္ကုဪမြဲမြဲသာ္ဂွ ္ပုိယ္သုင္ေစာဲ Can ကုဪ Could ေရာင္။ ဗုီဂြံသုင္ေစာဲ Can ေကုာ ံCould သြက္ဂြံအာတ္မိက္မိႝဟ္မြဲမြဲ ဂြံေကႜာန္ကုဪအရာမြဲမြဲသာ္ဏံဝြ ံဒွ္ဗုီျပင ္ဟုီဂလာန ္မႝဳံကုဪေယန္သႝာင္မြဲရ၊ ကာလပုိယ္အာတ္မိက ္မႝိဟ္မြဲမြဲ သြက္ဂြံေကႜာန္ကုဪမြဲမြဲသာ ္ဗြဲမေယန္သႝာင ္(Polite) မၢး ဒးသုင္ေစာဲဗုီျပင္ဏံေရာင္။ လၝတ္ရံင္ဝါက်သၞဝ္ဏံညိ။ Can you wait a moment, please? Or could you wait a moment, please? သၸဂုဏ္တုဲ ေဗွ္မင္အဲ မြဲလစုတ ္ဂြံဟာ ? Liz, can you do me a favor? ေလစ္ဇ္၊ ေဗွ ္ရုီဗင္ကုဪအဲမြဲ ဂြံဟာ Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the airport? ကုဪအေခါင္ကုဪအဲမြဲလစုတ္၊ ဗုီလုဪဂြံအာစုိပ္ေသႝဟ္က႟င္က်ာဂွ ္ေဗွ္လၜကုဪအဲမြဲတဲဂြံဟာ

•   Note that we say Do you think you could…? (not can): တင္စၞတ ္- နကုဪအဓိပၸါယ္အာတ္မိက္ဏံရ ယဝ္ရ ပုိယ္ဟုီကုဪ Do you think you could…? မၢးေတွ္ေလဝ ္ဟုီဂြံမံင္ေရာင္၊ ဆဂး ဒႝာဲ Could ဂွ ္သုင္ေစာဲ Can ဟြံဂြံေရာင္။ Do you think you could lend me some money until next week? စုဪကုဪစုိပ္သတၱာဟဂတေတ ံေဗွ္ဂႜိကုဪအဲလွဳဲညိညဂြံဟာ ?

•   We also use will and would to ask people to do things (but can and could are more usual): နကုဪအဓိပၸါယ ္အာတ္မိက္မႝိဟ္မြဲမြဲ သြက္ဂြံေကႜာန္ကုဪမြဲမြဲသာ္ဏံဂွ ္Will ကုဪ Would ေလဝ္ ပုိယ္သုင္ေစာဲမံင္ကုီေရာင္၊ ဆဂး Can ကုဪ Could ဂွ ္သုင္ေစာဲစဂႜဳိင္ရ။ Liz, will you do me a favor? ေလစ္ဇ္၊ ေဗွ ္ရုီဗင္ကုဪအဲမြဲ ဂြံဟာ Would you please be quiet? I’m trying to concentrate. သၸဂဏု္တုဲ ေဗွ္မံငက္ုဪဟိတ္တ္ျဇျဇ ဂြံဟာ? အဲမညိင္ဒၞံင္စုိတ္အဲေဏာင္။

•   Asking to do things သၞာန္မႝိဟ္မြဲမြဲ သြက္ဇကုဂြံေကႜာန္မြဲမြဲသာ ္To ask to do something, we use can, could or may: ကာလပုိယ္သၞာန္မြဲမြဲသာ ္ေကႜာန္ဂြံဟာ ဟြံဂြံဟာ (ဗြဲမေယန္သႝာင)္ေတွ ္ပုိယ္သုင္ေစာဲ Can, Could, May ေရာင္။ (on the phone) Hello, can I speak to Steve, please? (ဿဖုင)္ အဲတက္ကုဪ သတိပ္ဗ ္ဂြံဟာ? (ေယန္သႝာင)္

‘Could I use your phone?’ ‘Yes, of course.’ အဲသုင္ေစာဲဖုင္ေဗွ္မြဲတဲ ဂြံဟာ? ယြ,ံ ဂြံမံင္။ Do you think I could borrow your bike? အဲဂႜိကြီလုိန္ေဗွ္မြဲလစုတ္ဂြံဟာ? May I come in? Yes, please do. အဲလုပ္ဂြံဟာ? ယြ,ံ လုပ္ကႜဳင္ညိ။

•   May is more formal than can or could. တင္စၞတ ္- May ဂွ ္ပုဪတုဲဒွ ္Formal ေရာင္။

•   To ask to do something, you can also say Do you mind if I…? or Is it all right/ Is it OK if I …? သြက္ဂြံသၞာန္မြဲမြဲသာ ္ဗြဲမေယန္သႝာင္ဂွ ္(အဓိပၸါယ္တုပ္ကုဪလတူေတ)ံ သုင္ေစာဲ Do you mind if I…? or Is it all right/ Is it OK if I …? ေလဝ္ဂြ ံလၝတ္ရံင္ဝါက်သၞဝ္ဏံည ိ‘Do you mind if I use your phone?’ ‘Sure. Go ahead.’ ယဝ္ရအဲသုင္ေစာဲဖုင္ေဗွ္ေတွ ္ဂြံဟာ (စုိတ္ေဗွ္ဒွ္ဟာ)? ‘Is it all right if I come in?’ ‘Yes, of course.’ ယဝ္ရအဲလုပ္ကႜဳင္ေတွ ္ဂြံဟာ (ဒးမံင္ဗုီရဟာ)?

•   Offering to do things သြက္ဂြံကုဪ (အရုီဗင)္ မြဲမြဲသာ ္•   To offer to do something, you can use Can I…?: သြက္ဂြံကုဪအရုီဗင ္(ဗြဲမေယန္သႝာင)္ ကုဪညးတႝဟ္မြဲမြဲသာ္ေတွ ္ေဗွ္သုင္ေစာဲ Can I…?: ဂြံမံင ္လၝတ္ရံင္ဝါက်ည ိ‘Can I get you a cup of coffee?’ ‘That would be nice.’ အဲေကတ္ကုဪေဗွ ္ကဝ္ဖ ီမြဲေခၚေတွ ္ဂြံဟာ? ၊ ခုိဟ္ေကြံရ ဗုီဂွ္ေတွဪ။ ‘Can I help you?’ ‘No, it’s all right. I can manage.’ အဲရုီဗင္ကုဪေဗွ ္ဂြံဟာ? ဟေအွ္၊ ဂြံမံင္ရ၊ အဲဖန္ေကတ္ဂြံမံင္ရ။

•   Offering and inviting ကုဪ (အရုီဗင)္ ေကုာ ံဘိက္ပၞိင ္•   To offer or to invite, we use Would you like….? (not do you like…?) သြက္ဂြံကုဪအရုီဗင ္ဟြံေသင္ေတွ ္သြက္ဂြံဘိက္ပၞိင္ေတွ ္ပုိယ္သုင္ေစာဲ Would you like….? ရ။ လၸသုင္ေစာဲ do you like…? ညိ (ဗုီျပင္သုင္ေစာဲဏံဝြ ံဒွ္ဗုီျပင ္ဂလာန္ေယန္သႝာင္မြဲရ၊ သုင္ေစာဲေလဝ ္ဿအရာဟုီအေရဝ္ေတွ ္ဂႜဳိင္ေကြံေကြံရ) လၝတ္ရံင္ဝါက်သၞဝ္ဏံည ိ‘Would you like a cup of coffee?’ ‘Yes, please.’ ေဗွ္ေကတ ္ကဝ္ဖ ီမြဲေခၚဟာ? ယြ,ံ သၸဂုဏ္တုဲေတွ ္(ေကတ္နင္ကုဪည)ိ

‘Would you like to come to dinner tomorrow evening?’ ‘I’d love to.’ ယးေတ ံလၸာ္သဝ္တၝဲ ေဗွ္ကႜဳင ္စပုင္သဝ္တၝဲ ဂြံဟာ (ေကာ္ဘိက)္? ယြ,ံ အဲမိက္ဂြံကႜဳင္မံင္ရ။ တင္ေသာင္ကႅး - ဗုီျပင ္Would you like ဏံဝြ ံယဝ္ပုိယ္ပၚ ေသႝာဝ္သဒၵါမၢး ဂွ ္ဒွ္ပုိဒ္ကတၱာ (subject) တုဲ Would ကုဪ Like ဂွ ္ဒွ္ၾကိယာ (verb)ရ၊ ဟုိတ္ဂွ္ရ ကာလပုိယ္သုင္ေစာဲေဍံေတွ ္လက္ကရၜ Like ဂွ ္ပုိယ္ဒးစုတ္ကုဪ ပုိဒ္နာ ံ(Noun) ဟြံေသင္ေတွ ္ပုိယ္မေကႜာန္မံင္ကေမႜာန္ဗုီနာ ံ(Noun Equivalents) တံရ၊ ဥပမာ - ဿကုဪဝါက် ‘Would you like a cup of coffee? ဏံဂွ ္လက္ကရၜ Like ဂွ ္Cup ဗက္မံင္ေရာင္၊ Cup ဂွ ္ဒွ္ပုိဒ္နာံမြဲမရ၊ ေဍံေကႜာန္မံင္ကေမႜာန ္နဒဒွ္ပုိဒ္ကမ(္object) ၾကိယာ Like ေတံရ၊ ဟုိတ္ဂွ္ရ ဗုီျပင္ဝါက်ေဍံမံင္ေတွ ္Would you like + Noun (Noun Equivalents)? ဗုီဏံေရာင ္သမၱီ။ တုဲပႜန ္ဿကုဪဝါက် Would you like to come to dinner tomorrow evening? ဏံဂွ ္လက္ကရၜ Like ဂွ ္To come ဗက္မံင္ေရာင္၊ To come ဂွ ္ပုဒိ္နာ ံတုိက္ရုိက္ဟြံေသင္၊ ပုိယ ္(Infinitive - ၾကိယာမပံင္လဝ္ကုဪ to {to +V1} ) ေရာင္၊ ဆဂး ဒႝာဲဏံဂွ ္သုင္ေစာဲလဝ္ဗုီျပင ္ပုိဒ္နာ ံမဒွ္ကမ္ၾကိယာ like ဂွ္ရ၊ ဟုိတ္ဂွ္ရ To come ဂွ ္ဒွ္ပုိဒ ္(noun equivalents) မေကႜာန္မံင္ကေမႜာန ္ဗုီျပင္ပုိဒ္နာံမြဲရ။

•   I’d like… is a polite way of saying what you want: ဗုီျပင ္I’d like… (I’d like + object-ပုိဒ္ကမ ္)ဏံဂွ ္ဒွ္ဗုီျပင ္သုင္ေစာဲစ ဿအရာဂြံဟု ီဗြဲမေယန္သႝာင ္အရာပုိယ္မႏြံပၞိက္မြဲမြဲသာ္ရ။ (at a tourist information office) I’d like some information about hotels, please. (ဿကုဪရုငပ္ရုိင ္စပ္ကုဪသၞာအာတရၜတ)ံ အဲမိက္ဂြံတ ီပေရာပရာတင္နင ္စပ္ကုဪ ဟုိဝ္ေတရ ္ရ၊ သၸဂုဏ္တုဲ လၜကုဪမြဲဝါည ိ(in a shop) I’d like to try on this jacket, please. (ဿဖ်ာ) အဲမိက္ဂြ ံလၱက္စမ္ရံင ္ပေဠာအ္ (jacket) ဏံရ၊ ဂြံဟာ?

With respect

Rev. Ariya (H.G)

When you any question regarding this lesson, please, be kind enough to reach me @ ramonnya.hongsa88@gmail.com