can drivers teach themselves? ian edwards director edriving solutions
TRANSCRIPT
Can drivers teach themselves?
Ian EdwardsDirectoreDriving Solutions
Can Drivers Really Teach Themselves?
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By Ian Edwards
Today’s discussion...
• The role of self-assessment in driver development
• The role learner centred / coaching approaches have in this process
• An approach to measuring self-assessment
• But first a question for you
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Do we learn from experience?
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What would a driver learn here?
The Goals for Driver Education
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Level Knowledge and Skills Risk increasingFactors
Self-evaluation
Level VSocial Environmental
Culture, legislation, enforcement, sub-cultures, social groups, group values and norms
Little or no understanding of how cultural / sub-cultural issues impact on driving.
How culture/ impacts on driving decisions / judgements
Level IVGoals for life and skills for living
Lifestyle, age, group, culture, social position etc. v.s driving behaviour
Sensation seeking, group norms, peer pressure
Introspective competence, own preconditions, impulse control
Level IIIGoals and context of driving
Modal choice, choice of time, role of motives, route planning
Alcohol, fatigue, low friction, rush hours, young passengers
Own motives influencing choices, self-critical thinking
Level IIDriving in traffic
Traffic rules, cooperation, hazard perception, Automation
Disobeying rules, tailgating, low friction, vulnerable road users
Calibration of driving skills, own driving style
Level IVehicle control
Car functioning, protection systems, vehicle control, physical laws
No seatbelts, breakdown of vehicle system, worn-out tyres
Calibration of car control skills
by Keskinen et al 2010 NORBIT Conference
Why is self-evaluation seen as being important?
The third column (“self-evaluation”) refers to a process whereby an individual tries to get feedback on his or her personal actions from within the self. In the context of driving it is a matter of becoming, or wanting to become aware of personal preconditions and tendencies as well as skills and abilities regarding manoeuvring, coping in traffic, planning of driving, and life in general. In short, being able to perceive realistically one’s own role for the success of a driving situation. Not only is self-evaluation seen as an important tool in driver training but also in the development of driving skills after training.(Engström et al, 2003, p.56)
The third column (“self-evaluation”) refers to a process whereby an individual tries to get feedback on his or her personal actions from within the self. In the context of driving it is a matter of becoming, or wanting to become aware of personal preconditions and tendencies as well as skills and abilities regarding manoeuvring, coping in traffic, planning of driving, and life in general. In short, being able to perceive realistically one’s own role for the success of a driving situation. Not only is self-evaluation seen as an important tool in driver training but also in the development of driving skills after training.(Engström et al, 2003, p.56)
The third column (“self-evaluation”) refers to a process whereby an individual tries to get feedback on his or her personal actions from within the self. In the context of driving it is a matter of becoming, or wanting to become aware of personal preconditions and tendencies as well as skills and abilities regarding manoeuvring, coping in traffic, planning of driving, and life in general. In short, being able to perceive realistically one’s own role for the success of a driving situation. Not only is self-evaluation seen as an important tool in driver training but also in the development of driving skills after training.(Engström et al, 2003, p.56)
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Self-evaluation
Self-monitoring
Self - developmen
t
Self-analysis
Self – identificatio
n
Self –evaluation
Edwards I., (2010) NORBIT Conference, Finland© eDriving Solutions Ltd
Self-monitoring and identification• This refers to the ability of the driver to monitor
their driving and identify learning triggers • These could include:
– A near collision– Sudden braking– Sudden steering– Being taken by surprise by the actions of another road
user– A positive response by another driver– Etc.
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Self-analysis and correction
This refers to the ability of the driver toconstructively analyse the identified issue(s) anddevelop a suitable self-development plan
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The HERMES definition
Coaching is a learner centred approach thatengages body, mind, and emotions to developinner and outer awareness and responsibilitythrough an equal relationship between thelearner and coach
Coaching terms
Learner Centred
Reduces barriers to learning
Non-judgemental
Awareness
Problem solving
Relationship of equals
Responsibility
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Buckingham County Council
• Bucks CC have helped us to start the development of a tool to measure self-evaluation skills
• As part an evaluation of their Get in Gear post-test driver intervention
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The measure
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Instructors N = 99, M = 4.74 Novice drivers: N = 32, M = 7.03 t = -4.522., df = 129., P = 0.001
Analysis
• Benchmarking of 20 clips– Clips shown to driving instructors (N = 99) and
novice drivers (N= 32)
• Of the 20 clips shown the ADI group rated 7 significantly (p<.05) different to the novice driver group.
• In all clips the ADI group gave a lower rating than the novice driver group
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Next Steps• Assess the results of the clips against a
validated measure, for this we are using the Driver Attitude Questionnaire (Reason et al, 1990)
• Report results• Develop the measure further• Thank you and thank you to Bucks CC for their
support
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