CANADIAN CANADIAN LANDFORMLANDFORM

REGIONSREGIONS

Canada can be Divided into Canada can be Divided into 7 Landform Regions: 7 Landform Regions:

1. Western Cordillera 2. Interior Plains 3. Canadian Shield4. Great Lakes- St.Lawrence

Lowlands5. Appalachian Region6. Hudson Bay- Arctic Lowlands 7. Innuitian Mountains

Landform Regions of Landform Regions of CanadaCanada

THE CANADIAN SHIELDTHE CANADIAN SHIELD

THE CANADIAN THE CANADIAN SHIELD REGION SHIELD REGION COVERS ALMOST COVERS ALMOST HALF OF CANADAHALF OF CANADA

(including most of Nunavut, (including most of Nunavut, Quebec, Labrador, Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, Ontario, and Manitoba, and a large part and Manitoba, and a large part of Saskatchewan)of Saskatchewan)

THE SHIELD WAS THE SHIELD WAS FORMED ABOUT 3 FORMED ABOUT 3 BILLION YEARS BILLION YEARS AGOAGO

THE CANADIAN SHIELDTHE CANADIAN SHIELD

THE CANADIAN SHIELD WAS THE CANADIAN SHIELD WAS FORMED FORMED BY VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS BY VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS THAT MADE THAT MADE MOUNTAINS OUT OF THE SEAMOUNTAINS OUT OF THE SEA

THEN GLACIERS ERODED THE THEN GLACIERS ERODED THE MOUNTAINS AND MADE THEM FLATMOUNTAINS AND MADE THEM FLAT

Cdn Shield: DESCRIPTION Cdn Shield: DESCRIPTION OF THE LANDOF THE LAND

ROCKY- some of ROCKY- some of

the world’s oldestthe world’s oldest

rocksrocks LOTS OF LAKESLOTS OF LAKES LOTS OF TREESLOTS OF TREES LOTS OF RIVERSLOTS OF RIVERS

Cdn Shield: Cdn Shield: RESOURCESRESOURCES

MINERALSMINERALS WATER for WATER for

hydroelectric hydroelectric powerpower

TREESTREES

Underground Mining

Above ground mining

Hydroelectric Power Damn

Cdn. Shield: POPULATIONCdn. Shield: POPULATION Most people live in Most people live in

the southern partthe southern part Population is very Population is very

scatteredscattered Only a few cities Only a few cities

have 100,000 people have 100,000 people (Sudbury, Thunder (Sudbury, Thunder Bay and Saguenay)Bay and Saguenay)

MEDIUM MEDIUM POPULATEDPOPULATED

Great Lakes – Great Lakes – St. Lawrence LowlandsSt. Lawrence Lowlands

GREAT LAKES – GREAT LAKES – ST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDSST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDS

SMALLEST SMALLEST LANDFORM REGIONLANDFORM REGION

THIS IS A LOW-LYING THIS IS A LOW-LYING AREA AREA LOCATED NEAR LOCATED NEAR THE GREAT LAKES THE GREAT LAKES (ONTARIO AND (ONTARIO AND QUEBEC)QUEBEC)

GREAT LAKES – GREAT LAKES – ST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDSST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDS

THIS AREA WAS FORMED FROM THE THIS AREA WAS FORMED FROM THE SEDIMENT THAT WAS ERODED FROM SEDIMENT THAT WAS ERODED FROM THE CANADIAN SHIELD THE CANADIAN SHIELD

THE SEDIMENT WAS DEPOSITED INTO THE SEDIMENT WAS DEPOSITED INTO THIS AREA AND FILLED UP THE THIS AREA AND FILLED UP THE ANCIENT SEASANCIENT SEAS

LATER THE SEDIMENT TURNED INTO LATER THE SEDIMENT TURNED INTO SEDIMENTARY ROCKSEDIMENTARY ROCK

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION LARGE LAKESLARGE LAKES TREES TREES FARMLANDFARMLAND MANY LARGE CITIESMANY LARGE CITIES HAS ANHAS AN

ESCARPMENESCARPMENT T (a (a change in the change in the height of land due height of land due to erosion of soft to erosion of soft sedimentary rock)- sedimentary rock)- Niagara FallsNiagara Falls

RESOURCESRESOURCES SEDIMENTARY ROCK:SEDIMENTARY ROCK: Limestone Limestone

rock, shale, and sandstonerock, shale, and sandstone are are mined tomined to provide provide stone and stone and cement for building industrycement for building industry..

SOIL:SOIL: The area has a lot of great The area has a lot of great soilsoil for farmingfor farming..

WATERWATER for shipping, commercial for shipping, commercial fishing, power generation, use in fishing, power generation, use in factories, and for drinkingfactories, and for drinking

POPULATIONPOPULATION

HIGHLY HIGHLY POPULATEDPOPULATED

2/3 of Canada’s 2/3 of Canada’s population population lives lives herehere

Major Cities: Major Cities: Greater Greater Toronto Toronto and Montrealand Montreal

THE APPALACHIANSTHE APPALACHIANS

THE APPALACHIANSTHE APPALACHIANS

THE APPALACHIANSTHE APPALACHIANS POPULAR TOURIST DESTINATIONPOPULAR TOURIST DESTINATION PLATES COLLIDING CAUSED THE PLATES COLLIDING CAUSED THE

SEDIMENTARY ROCK TO PUSH UPWARD SEDIMENTARY ROCK TO PUSH UPWARD AND MAKE MOUNTAINSAND MAKE MOUNTAINS

THEN EROSION CAUSED THESE THEN EROSION CAUSED THESE MOUNTAINS TO GET SMALLER AND MOUNTAINS TO GET SMALLER AND MADE SOME FLAT AREASMADE SOME FLAT AREAS

THE APPALACHIANSTHE APPALACHIANS THE APPALACHIAN THE APPALACHIAN

REGION IS MADE REGION IS MADE UP OF UP OF NEW NEW BRUNSWICK, NOVA BRUNSWICK, NOVA SCOTIA, P.E.I., SCOTIA, P.E.I., NEWFOUNDLAND, NEWFOUNDLAND, AND A SMALL PART AND A SMALL PART OF QUEBECOF QUEBEC

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION

LOW MOUNTAINS LOW MOUNTAINS & HILLS& HILLS

FLAT PLAINSFLAT PLAINS COASTLINECOASTLINE TREESTREES

RESOURCESRESOURCES FISHFISH: : all the provinces are near the Atlantic all the provinces are near the Atlantic

Ocean catch and sell fish for food.Ocean catch and sell fish for food. SOILSOIL: : P.E.I. and New Brunswick have P.E.I. and New Brunswick have good soil good soil

for growing foodfor growing food (POTATOES!). (POTATOES!). TREESTREES: for making paper and building things.: for making paper and building things.

POPULATIONPOPULATION MEDIUM POPULATIONMEDIUM POPULATIONMost people live near Most people live near

the coastthe coast 1/10 of Canada’s 1/10 of Canada’s

population population lives herelives here There are only 4 cities There are only 4 cities

of 100,000 people: of 100,000 people: Sherbrooke (Que.), Sherbrooke (Que.), Halifax (N.S.), Saint Halifax (N.S.), Saint John (N.B.), and St. John (N.B.), and St. John’s (N.F.L.)John’s (N.F.L.)

INTERIOR PLAINSINTERIOR PLAINS

INTERIOR PLAINSINTERIOR PLAINS

INTERIOR PLAINSINTERIOR PLAINS MOST OF ALBERTA AND MOST OF ALBERTA AND

SASKATCHEWAN, AND SOME OF NWT SASKATCHEWAN, AND SOME OF NWT AND MANITOBAAND MANITOBA

THE PLAINS ARE MADE UP OF 200-THE PLAINS ARE MADE UP OF 200-MILLION-YEAR-OLD SEDIMENTARY MILLION-YEAR-OLD SEDIMENTARY ROCKROCK

THE PLAINS WERE MADE WHEN THE PLAINS WERE MADE WHEN ANCIENT SEAS WERE FILLED WITH ANCIENT SEAS WERE FILLED WITH SEDIMENT THAT WAS ERODED FROM SEDIMENT THAT WAS ERODED FROM THE CANADIAN SHIELDTHE CANADIAN SHIELD

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION

FLAT, WIDE-FLAT, WIDE-OPEN AREASOPEN AREAS

LOTS OF FARM LOTS OF FARM FIELDSFIELDS

RESOURCESRESOURCES SOIL SOIL : one of the : one of the

best farming best farming regions in Canadaregions in Canada WheatWheat CattleCattle

OIL:OIL: Edmonton is Edmonton is centre of centre of Canada’s oil Canada’s oil industryindustry

POPULATIONPOPULATION MEDIUM POPULATEDMEDIUM POPULATED

Most people live in the south, near Most people live in the south, near the Canada-U.S. borderthe Canada-U.S. border

2 cities in this region have 2 cities in this region have populations close to 1 million: populations close to 1 million: Edmonton and CalgaryEdmonton and Calgary

WESTERN CORDILLERAWESTERN CORDILLERA

WESTERN CORDILLERAWESTERN CORDILLERA

WESTERN CORDILLERAWESTERN CORDILLERA Cordillera means “Mountains” in SpanishCordillera means “Mountains” in Spanish

BRITISH COLUMBIA, THE YUKON, AND SMALL BRITISH COLUMBIA, THE YUKON, AND SMALL PARTS OF ALBERTA AND THE N.W.T. PARTS OF ALBERTA AND THE N.W.T. MAKE UP MAKE UP THE WESTERN CORDILLERATHE WESTERN CORDILLERA

DURING THE DINOSAUR AGEDURING THE DINOSAUR AGE, PLATE , PLATE COLLISIONS CAUSED THE FORMATION OF COLLISIONS CAUSED THE FORMATION OF THE ROCKIESTHE ROCKIES

DESCRIPTIONSDESCRIPTIONS

LARGE LARGE MOUNTAINSMOUNTAINS

--(Rockies)(Rockies) VALLEYSVALLEYS LOTS OF TREESLOTS OF TREES LOTS OF RIVERSLOTS OF RIVERS

RESOURCESRESOURCES

Rich in Rich in

Minerals andMinerals and

TreesTrees

POPULATIONPOPULATION MEDIUM MEDIUM

POPULATIONPOPULATION

Most people Most people live the cities of live the cities of Vancouver and Vancouver and VictoriaVictoria

1/8 of Canada’s 1/8 of Canada’s population population lives lives herehere

INNUITIANSINNUITIANS

INNUITIANSINNUITIANS

INNUITIANSINNUITIANS Nunavut and the Northwest Territories Nunavut and the Northwest Territories THE INNUITIANS FORMED WHEN THE INNUITIANS FORMED WHEN

PLATES COLLIDED AND MADE PLATES COLLIDED AND MADE MOUNTAINSMOUNTAINS

THE AREA IS MADE UP OF THE AREA IS MADE UP OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKSEDIMENTARY ROCK

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION

LOW MOUNTAINSLOW MOUNTAINS GLACIERSGLACIERS ROCKYROCKY NO TREESNO TREES

RESOURCES & RESOURCES & POPULATIONPOPULATION

RESOURCESRESOURCES OIL and GAS OIL and GAS DEPOSITSDEPOSITS ANIMALSANIMALS for food (hunting) for food (hunting)

POPULATIONPOPULATION

LOW POPULATIONLOW POPULATION Most people that live in this region Most people that live in this region

are Inuitare Inuit

HUNTINGHUNTING

ARCTICARCTIC

ARCTICARCTIC

ARCTICARCTIC SERIES OF ISLANDS IN FAR NORTHSERIES OF ISLANDS IN FAR NORTH MOST OF THE REGION WAS SCRAPED MOST OF THE REGION WAS SCRAPED

BARE BY MOVING ICE (GLACIERS), BARE BY MOVING ICE (GLACIERS), THEN DROWNED BY WATER WHEN THE THEN DROWNED BY WATER WHEN THE ICE MELTEDICE MELTED

THE SURFACE OF THE LAND IS VERY THE SURFACE OF THE LAND IS VERY ROCKY WITH VERY LITTLE PLANT LIFEROCKY WITH VERY LITTLE PLANT LIFE

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION

MANY ISLANDSMANY ISLANDS VERY ROCKYVERY ROCKY NOTNOT MANY PLANTSMANY PLANTS FLAT AND HILLY FLAT AND HILLY

PARTSPARTS

RESOURCES & RESOURCES & POPULATIONPOPULATION

RESOURCESRESOURCES OIL and GAS OIL and GAS DEPOSITSDEPOSITS ANIMALSANIMALS (for food) (for food)

POPULATIONPOPULATION

VERY LOW POPULATIONVERY LOW POPULATION

Oil ExtractionOil Extraction

HuntingHunting