CANNABIS TODAY INCANADA

COMMUNITY CANNABIS

EDUCATION by

PONTIAC GROUP

STORIES ON PONTIAC

http://www.cannabisbusinesstimes.com/banding-together.aspx

http://anishinabeknews.ca/2017/04/28/first-nation-owned-and-operated-firm-looks-to-advance-economic-development-initiatives/

https://www.leafly.com/news/canada/indigenous-cannabis-revitalizing-first-nation-economies-through-legalization

Pontiacgroup.ca

LEADERSHIP

Regulatory

Medical

Economic

Concerns of Public Interest

CANNABIS 101

Pontiac Group

FN awareness

Provincial and Federal

Government activity

Business opportunities

Science and Medicinal Thinking

Brief History of Cannabis in

North America and around the

world

FIRST NATION CANNABIS MOVEMENT

Prohibiting Sale of Cannabis from OCS

Writing own laws concerning cannabis retail and cultivation

Minister Blair informs Aboriginal Peoples Standing Committee (Senate) that FN’s who desire to set up

autonomous-framework aligned with provincial and federal framework will be able to do so

7 Leaf first cultivation license on-reserve

PONTIAC’S EXPERIENCE WITHIN AN EDUCATION CONTEXT

250 community engagements

90% favourable outcomes

Elders: ‘bad smoke’ … So a health approach

Youth: recreational use … So a health approach

General: Profit …. So an economic approach

Overall, a public health focus within the Nation, and a public market focus outside the Nation.

EDUCATION CONTEXT: DISPENSARIES

Currently, illegal

1

Shut down on many reserves, often by order of Council.

2

Section 35 of 1985 Constitution which permits Indigenous people

to use traditional medicines.

3

Cannabis production and sale on-reserve is a contested issue with no clear jurisprudence yet.

CASE STUDY: 6 NATIONS & MOHAWKS BAY OF QUINTE

http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/first-nations-entrepreneurs-are-asserting-sovereignty-and-seizing-the-new-cannabis-economy-1.4481747

In 6 Nations, the raids are supported by Council; but Chief Hill believes Ontario rules do not apply in her jurisdiction

In Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte territory, Chief Maracle, has 45+ dispensaries operating.

Spokesperson for Attorney General of Ontario: provinces cannabis laws apply on reserve; open to working with communities to handle cannabis sales within the framework of the law.

Spokesperson for the Prime Minister: The sale of any cannabis outside the licence regime will remain a criminal offence.

HISTORY IN CANADA & AROUND THE WORLD

TIMELINE OF LEGALIZATION IN CANADA

ACMPR

2016

C-45

2018

ACMPR: ACCESS TO CANNABIS FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES REGULATIONS

Legal access to dried marijuana for medical purposes was first provided

in 1999 using unique section 56 exemptions under

the Controlled Drugs and

Substances Act (CDSA). The

decision in R. v. Parker in 2000

held that individuals with a medical need had the right to possess

marijuana for medical purposes.

This led to the implementation of

the Marihuana Medical Access

Regulations (MMAR) in 2001.

The MMAR enabled individuals

with the authorization of their health care practitioner to access dried marijuana for

medical purposes by producing their

own marijuana plants, designating

someone to produce for them

or purchasing Health Canada

supply.

Over time, court decisions resulted in

a number of changes to the MMAR. In June

2013, the Government of

Canada implemented the Marihuana for

Medical Purposes Regulations

(MMPR). The MMPR created conditions for a commercial

industry responsible for the production and distribution of

marijuana for medical purposes. Under the MMPR, individuals with a

medical need could access quality-controlled dried

marijuana produced under

secure and sanitary conditions.

In June 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada, in R. v.

Smith, decided that restricting legal access to only

dried marijuana was

unconstitutional. The Court decided that individuals with a

medical need have the right to use and

make other cannabis products.

To eliminate uncertainty around a legal source of

supply of cannabis, the Minister of Health issued

section 56 class exemptions under the CDSA in July 2015, to allow,

among other things, licensed producers to produce and sell

cannabis oil and fresh marijuana

buds and leaves in addition to dried marijuana, and to allow authorized users to possess

and alter different forms of cannabis.

The ACMPR is Canada's response

to the Federal Court of Canada's

February 2016 decision in Allard v.

Canada. This decision found that

requiring individuals to get their marijuana

only from licensed producers violated liberty and security rights protected by

section 7 of the Canadian Charter

of Rights and Freedoms. The

Court found that individuals who

require marijuana for medical

purposes did not have "reasonable

access".

The ACMPR are designed to provide an

immediate solution required to

address the Court judgement. Moving

forward, Health Canada will

evaluate how a system of medical access to cannabis

should function alongside the Government's commitment to

legalize, strictly regulate and

restrict access to marijuana.

WWW.MARIJUANALAWS.CA/ACMPR-PRODUCTION.HTMLOverall, the ACMPR contain four parts.

Part 1 is similar to the framework under the MMPR. It sets out a framework for commercial production by licensed producers responsible for the production and distribution of quality-controlled fresh or dried marijuana or cannabis oil or starting materials (i.e., marijuana seeds and plants) in secure and sanitary conditions.

Part 2 is similar to the former MMAR regime. It sets out provisions for individuals to produce cannabis at home for their own medical purposes or to designate someone to produce it for them.

Parts 3 and 4 include:

Transitional provisions, which mainly relate to the continuation of MMPR activities by licensed producers

Consequential amendments to other regulations that referenced the MMPR (i.e., Narcotic Control Regulations, New Classes of Practitioners Regulations) to update definitions and broaden the scope of products beyond dried marijuana

Provisions repealing the MMPR and setting out the coming into force of the ACMPR on August 24, 2016

As of August 24, 2016, Health Canada will accept applications from individuals who wish to register to produce a limited amount of cannabis for their own medical purposes or to designate someone to produce cannabis for them.

Under the ACMPR, Health Canada will continue to accept and process applications to become a licensed producer that were submitted under the former MMPR.

Further, all licences and security clearances granted under the MMPR will continue under the ACMPR, which means that licensed producers can continue to register and supply clients with cannabis for medical purposes. New applicants can continue to apply for licences to produce under the ACMPR.

CANNABIS ACT, BILL C-45 & BILL C-46, ACT TO AMEND THE

CRIMINAL CODE

Federal legislation enacted by the Trudeau government

Furthering cannabis beyond medicinal and into non-medicinal use as well; what most call recreational, and that required changes to the criminal code as well as brand new legislation.

Provinces also have their own Cannabis Act.

Effective October 18, 2018.

https://ocscannabisupdates.com/

BILL C-45 (APRIL 13, 2017)

The objectives of the Act are to prevent young persons from accessing cannabis, to protect public health and public safety by establishing strict product safety and product quality requirements and to deter criminal activity by imposing serious criminal penalties for those operating outside the legal framework. The Act is also intended to reduce the burden on the criminal justice system in relation to cannabis.

https://openparliament.ca/bills/42-1/C-45/

BILL C-45 NEWS

https://globalnews.ca/news/4285946/marijuana-legal-date-october-17-canada-trudeau-confirms/

Passed Senate June 19 and announced October 18, 2018 as official date

Reason is that Trudeau promised provinces and municipalities 12 weeks notice, no First Nation notice

No edibles until 2019!

19 years of age, online, and home grow in all of Canada* (18 in AB & QC)

No police devices for impaired cannabis driving have been approved

CODE CANNABIS ON-RESERVE

Age of use

Place of use

Purchase Limits

Source of Product (home grow or LP or both)

Variety of Product (edibles, flower, oils)

Referendum or By-Law procedure

Or banishment: letter to minister of finance

WHAT THE PROVINCE OF

ONTARIO HAS REPEATED

CAMH SUGGESTIONS

COUNCIL CAN IMPLEMENT THE

PROVISIONS LISTED HERE, SIMILAR TO

ON, AND CANADA.

MEDICAL V RECREATIONAL

Medicinal

Dr. Rx

CBD focus

Non-smoking methods

(topical cream, oral pill)

Target: relief of symptoms

ACMPR

Doctors and PhDs as

representatives

Non-Medicinal

Age of Majority

THC focus

Smoking methods &

sugary consumables

(pops, gummies)

Target: Euphoria

Cannabis Act

Celebrity representatives

THC&CBDUSES

Image: Leafly

ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM: HOMO SAPEIN

SCIENCE FILME

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vtc11kRinf4

HOME GROW

HOME GROW

Ontario allows 4 plants per residence so does the Federal Government

https://www.canada.ca/en/services/health/campaigns/introduction-cannabis-act-questions-answers.html#a4

Likely, reserves will too; if you own the residence or have a medical license.

OCS

Retail model for Province of Ontario

Detailed in Ontario’s Cannabis Act and Ontario’s Retail Cannabis Corporations Act

LCBO controlled entity

SASKETCHEWAN NEWS ON TAX

Here is a sample breakdown from the federal Department of Finance's website of how the purchase of one gram of dried cannabis looks for a non-status person who pays GST/HST.

Pre-duty price: $8

Excise duty (per gram): $1

Subtotal: $9

GST/HST: $1.17

Total: $10.17

http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/first-nations-tax-exempt-cannabis-1.4481386

OPIATES REPLACED BY CANNABIS IN USA

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/1898878

Conclusion: Medical cannabis laws are associated with significantly lower state-level opioid

overdose mortality rates.

Method: A time-series analysis was conducted of medical cannabis laws and state-level death

certificate data in the United States from 1999 to 2010; all 50 states were included.

Marcus A. Bachhuber, MD1; Brendan Saloner, PhD; Chinazo O. Cunningham, MD; et al

• Published October 2014

OPIATES REPLACED BY CANNABIS IN CANADA

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955395917300130

Medical cannabis access, use, and substitution for prescription opioids and other substances: A survey of authorized medical cannabis patients

International Journal of Drug Policy

Volume 42, April 2017, Pages 30-35

Phillipe Lewis; Zach Walsh

271 Tillray Patients surveyed in 2014

Result: 63% of people substituted prescription drugs for cannabis

30% Opiate related

MUCH OTHER DATA EXISTS

Thunderbird Partnership Foundation

CANNABIS BRIEF FOR INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES

http://thunderbirdpf.org/wp-

content/uploads/2017/07/Legalizing-

Cannabis_FINAL.pdf

OPIATES

http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/ottawa-prescribe-heroin-methadone-1.4591058

Ottawa has removed the requirement to have federal legal exemption to prescribe methadone and heroin.

OPIATESLegal weed: An

accidental solution to the opioid crisis?

http://www.macleans.ca/society/legal-weed-an-

accidental-solution-to-the-opioid-crisis/

DIABETES

https://herb.co/marijuana/news/cannabis-help-diabetes

Cannabis calms the autoimmune system.

Cannabis reduces inflammation

Cannabis provides homeostatic cascade.

Diabetes 1: immune system attacks pancreas

Diabetes 2: increases insulin sensitivity

DIABETES

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11357882/

Examination of the immunosuppressive effect of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in streptozotocin-induced autoimmune diabetes.

RESULT: delta9-THC is capable of attenuating the severity of the autoimmune response in this experimental model of autoimmune diabetes.

DIABETES

https://www.healthline.com/health-news/aging-cannabis-derived-drug-could-treat-type-2-diabetes-072313

THCV treating London based patients with type 2 diabetes successfully.

Supports pancreatic insulin generation (via islet cell preservation)

ADDICTION

“The root of addiction is pain”

-Dr. Gabor Mate

“People in pain

deserve a way out of pain”

- Chief Ignace Gull

HISTORY OF PROHIBITION

Marked largely by racist ideology and not medicinal facts… (Chasing

the Scream, Johann Hari,

2016 January)

Patent held by US Gov for cannabis

as neuroprotectant.

P No. 6630507

HEMP AND MARIHUANA

Same plant

Difference is THC content; which spurs other cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids

PROMINENTSTRAIN

SUMMARY

Canada’s medical cannabis has Royal Assent

Canada’s recreational cannabis has Royal Assent

The science on medical cannabis is positive and expanding

There is evidence that cannabis is an exit drug (not a gateway)

Industry privatization has led to enormous wealth generation

First Nations are participating in the cannabis sector BUT more input is needed from membership

EVERY PLANT HAS A HEALING PURPOSE.

Indigenous Proverb

VIDEO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYwUJcu4DwA Short Documentary: The world of the weed. (2013)

CONTACT

Jonathon@pontiacgroup.ca for a

digital copy! Or to learn more.