cansat payload
DESCRIPTION
Materials for the mission of a CANSATTRANSCRIPT
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CANSAT---PAYLOADSPresented by
MR. NUSENU SHADDRACH
CON-NUTSUGAH EMMANUELLINUS ANTONIO OFORI AGYEKUM
ALL NATIONS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
KOFORIDUA
MAY 2012
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Introduction
Every satellite is composed of a bus—that is,
the set of systems that keep it going—and a
payload that accomplishes its mission. The
bus plays a supporting role; its functions
include power generation and distribution,
attitude control, and propulsion. On a
communication satellite, the payload is the
communication subsystem, which carries out
the communications mission.
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Examples of Payload
The list below are some payload elements that are used to accomplish the mission of a CanSat.
Barometer Thermometer GPS Receiver Camera Accelerometer Electronic Compass
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Barometer
It consists of a pressure measuring cell which is connected to the microprocessor and sends a signal with a voltage value according to the pressure it feels. The microprocessor uses the standard atmospheric conditions to get the altitude. Example of barometer used in devices of this type:
SCP1000
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SCP1000
SCP1000 is pressure sensor that measures absolute pressure. The sensor consists of a silicon bulk micro machined sensing element chip and a signal conditioning ASIC. The pressure sensor element and the ASIC are mounted inside a plastic pre-moulded package and wire bonded to appropriate contacts. The round shaped sensor component has 18 SMD solderable contacts
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The SCP1000performs almost complete data processing on chip. The pressure and temperature output data are calibrated and compensated internally.
The only operations over the output data required to obtain the pressure in [Pa]and the temperature in[°C] is single multiplication with constants,
Functional Description
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The sensing element is manufactured using the proprietary bulk 3D MEMS process of VTI enabling robust, stable, low noise and low power capacitive sensors. Absolute pressure sensor element consists of a silicon wafer that is locally thinned to form a pressure sensitive diaphragm. The diaphragm acts as a movable plate of the capacitive sensor.
The stationary plate is a thin film metal deposited on a second, glass coated silicon wafer. The wafers are joined by anodic bonding so that a hermetically enclosed space is formed between them. The diaphragm deflects due to the pressure difference between the exterior of the sensor and the internal vacuum reference chamber.
Sensing Element
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The communication between the SCP1000 and its host micro-controller (µC) is based on a serial interface, an interrupt line and specialized pins used to trigger special functions. The serial interface allows registers' read and write operations and the interrupt line signals events, which require host intervention.
Two different serial interfaces are available: SPI and TWI (TWI is verysimilar to I2C bus). The appropriate communication interface is pre-programmed in the factory. The register access protocol is independent on the selected interface
Interface IC
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All sensors are factory calibrated. Some of the calibration parameters are: sensitivity to pressure, offset, temperature sensitivity and temperature compensation. Calibration parameters will be read automatically from the internal non-volatile during the start-up of the sensor. SCP1000 different versions and supported features are presented below.
Factory Calibration & Supported Features
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The operation it carries out is similar to the barometer but the voltage signal sent to the microprocessor depends on the temperature measured. The microprocessor interprets this signal by assigning a temperature value. These are examples of thermometers used:
MAX6675
TMP102
Thermometer
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The MAX6675 performs cold-junction compensation and digitizes the signal from a type-K thermocouple. The data is output in a 12-bit resolution, SPI™-compatible, read-only format.
This converter resolves temperatures to 0.25°C, allows readings as high as +1024°C, and exhibits thermocouple accuracy of 8LSBs for temperatures ranging from 0°C to +700°C. The MAX6675 is available in a small, 8-pin SO package.
MAX6675
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Direct Digital Conversion of Type –K
Thermocouple Output
Cold-Junction Compensation
Simple SPI-Compatible Serial Interface
12-Bit, 0.25°C Resolution
Open Thermocouple Detection
Features
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Supply Voltage (VCCto GND) ................................ -0.3V to +6VSO, SCK, CS, T-, T+ to GND .......................-0.3V to VCC+ 0.3VSO Current ........................................................................ 50mAESD Protection (Human Body Model) ........................... ±2000VContinuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C) 8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C) .............. 471mWOperating Temperature Range ..........................-20°C to +85°CStorage Temperature Range ............................-65°C to +150°CJunction Temperature .................................................... +150°CSO Package Vapor Phase (60s) . .....................................................+215°C Infrared (15s) ..............................................................+220°CLead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ............................... +300°C
Absolute Maximum Ratings
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Electrical Characteristics
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The TMP102 is a two-wire, serial output temperature sensor available in a tiny SOT563 package. Requiring no external component, the TMP102 is capable of reading temperature to a resolution of 0.0625 Degrees Celsius.
The TMP102 features SMBus and two-wire interface compatibility, and allows up to four devices on one bus. It also features an SMB alert function.
The TMP102 is ideal for extended temperature measurement in a variety of communication, computer, consumer, environmental, industrial, and instrumentation applications. The device is specified for operation over a temperature range of (-40 to +125 ) Degrees Celsius.
TMP102
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Tiny SOT563 Package
Accuracy: 0.5 °C (-25 °C to + 85°C)
Low Quiescent Current: 10µA Active (max), 1µA Shutdown (max) Supply Range: 1.4V to 3.6V
Resolution: 12-Bits
Digital Output: Two-wire Serial Interface
Features
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Absolute Maximum Ratings
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Electrical Characteristics
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A mini camera can be included in the CanSat to photograph anything during the time the CanSat is descending in the air. Bearing in mind that the CanSat can not receive orders to operate the camera when the robot is in air so the microprocessor must be the one that orders the camera to take a picture. This is an example of a camera for CanSat:
CameraC328
Camera
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CameraC328The C328-7640 is VGA camera module performs as a JPEG compressed still camera and can be attached to a wireless or PDA host. Users can send out a snapshot command from the host in order to capture a full resolution single-frame still picture. The picture is then compressed by the JPEG engine and transferred to the host through serial port.
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Small in size, 20x28mm
VGA resolution, down sample to
QVGA or CIF
3.3V operation
Low power consumption 60mA
User friendly commands to control
the module
UART interface of up to 115.2Kbps
Auto detect baud rate and make
connection to the host
Power saving mode
Various lens options
Features
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Electrical Specification
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Lens Specification
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THANK YOU