INTRODUCCIONINTRODUCCION

PROTECCIONES PARA SISTEMAS PROTECCIONES PARA SISTEMAS DE DISTRIBUCIONDE DISTRIBUCION

CAP V

Parte 7

PROTECCIONESPROTECCIONES

PARA SISTEMAS DE DISTRIBUCION PARA SISTEMAS DE DISTRIBUCION

INTRODUCCION ASPECTOS GENERALES

RECLOSER ó RECONECTADOR FUSIBLES PARARRAYOS ó DESCARGADORES

INTRODUCCIÓNINTRODUCCIÓN OBJETIVOS BÁSICOS

- Prevenir o minimizar daños.

- Prevenir peligros al público.

- Mantener Continuidad de Servicio. REALIZACIÓN

- Dispositivos de protección.

- Prácticas de Mantenimiento.

- Plan de Desarrollo.

INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.)INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.) ESTADISTICA DE FALLAS- NATURALEZA

. Temporaria 75%

. Permanente 25%

- CAUSAS DE FALLAS

. Viento y árboles 45%

. Rayos 20%

. Equipos y cables 10%

. Misceláneos 25%

INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.)INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.) ESTADISTICA DE FALLAS (Cont.)

- LOCALIZACION. En el tramo de línea 75%. En el poste 25%

- TIPOS. Fase a Neutro 65%. Fase a Tierra 15%. Fase a Fase 10%. Trifásica 2%. Otros 8%

INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.)INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.)

MEJORAR LA CONFIABILIDAD DEL SISTEMA

- FILOSOFÍA DE PROTECCIÓN

. Uso de dispositivos de protección

. Localización de dispositivos

. Areas de protección

- FILOSOFÍA DE APLICACIÓN

. Duración de los Cortes de Energía.

. Frecuencia de los Cortes de Energía.

INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.)INTRODUCCIÓN (Cont.) FILOSOFIA DE COORDINACION

- Fallas Permanentes.

Aislar solo el segmento mas pequeño, donde existe la falla.

- Fallas Temporarias.

Dar a todas las fallas una oportunidad a ser temporarias, asegurando una función de reconexión a cualquier falla que pueda ocurrir en el sistema

ASPECTOS GENERALESASPECTOS GENERALESRECLOSER ó RECONECTADORRECLOSER ó RECONECTADOR

DEFINICION (ANSI C.37.60)

Es un dispositivo autocontrolado utilizado para interrumpir automáticamente una corriente alterna, con función de recierre, basada en secuencias pre-determinadas por intervalos temporizados, seguidos por una apertura definitiva.

RECLOSER ó RECONECTADORRECLOSER ó RECONECTADOR

CARACTERISTICAS- No requieren de relés.

- Poseen su propia fuente de energía.

- Ofrecen temporización dual para despejar fallas transitorias y para facilitar la coordinación con otros dispositivos.

OPERACIONOPERACION El Recloser opera en cualquiera de los modo: monofásico o trifásico. La secuencia de maniobras indica la sucesión de maniobras que el

Recloser debe poder ejecutar, están diseñados para poder operar con uno de las siguientes secuencias de operación.

SELECCIÓNSELECCIÓN

INFORMACIÓN REQUERIDA.

- Tensión del Sistema (kVn y BIL).

- Máxima corriente de falla.

- Máxima corriente de carga.

- Mínima corriente de falla.

- Operación monofásica o trifásica.

SELECCIÓN(Cont.)SELECCIÓN(Cont.)

TIPOS DE MECANISMOS DE ACCIONAMIENTO

- Recloser Hidráulico.

- Recloser Electrónico.

Recloser HidráulicoRecloser Hidráulico TAMAÑO DE LA BOBINA DE DISPARO.

- Determina la corriente de carga máxima.

- Limita la capacidad de interrupción. NIVEL MÍNIMO DE DISPARO.

- 200% del tamaño de la bobina de disparo.

- Determina el alcance o la zona de protección. NIVEL DE CORRIENTE DE ENERGIZACIÓN

- Determina el tamaño de la bobina.

- 1.25x(Demanda Pico).

Recloser ElectrónicoRecloser Electrónico NO REQUIERE BOBINA DE DISPARO. NIVEL MÍNIMO DE DISPARO.

- Igual que el ajuste de disparo.

- Determina el alcance o la zona de protección.

NIVEL DE CORRIENTE DE ENERGIZACIÓN.

- Determina el nivel mínimo de disparo.

- 2.5x(Demanda pico)

RecloserRecloser

Description EVR1 EVR2 EVR3

Maximum system voltage (kV) 15kV 27kV 38kV

Frequency (Hz) 50/60Hz 50/60Hz 50/60Hz

Rated continuous current (A) 400/630A 400/630A 630/800A

Rated symmetrical interrupting (kA) 12.5kA 12.5kA 12.5/16kA

Asymmetrical making current (kApk) 32.5kApk 32.5kApk 32.5/41.6kApk

Impulse withstand voltage (kV.BIL) 110kVpk150kVpk

(125kVpk)170kVpk

Power frequency withstand (kV), Dry (1 min) 50kV 60kV 70kV

Power frequency withstand (kV), Wet (10 sec) 45kV 50kV 60kV

Mechanical operations (times) 10,000 10,000 10,000

Weight (kg) 160 170 210

GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…

Ratings

GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…

Type Test Certificate

RatingsIssue Remarks

Voltage Current Interrupting current

15kV 630A 12.5kAKEMA

Netherlands

27kV 630A 12.5kAKERI

KOREA

27kV 630A 12.5kAKEMA

Netherlands

38kV 630A 12.5kACESIITALY

38kV 800A 16kAKEMA

Netherlands

GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…GENERAL FEATURES…Construction

Dimension

A B C D

15kV 750 415 980 780

27kV 812 460 1100 780

38kV / 630A 841 475 1058 870

38kV / 800A 841 475 1078 870

▷ Pole mounted installation ▷ Two pole mounted installation

GENERAL FEATURESGENERAL FEATURESGENERAL FEATURESGENERAL FEATURES

Cabl e Cl eat s

Cont r ol Cabl e

1000 max.

Hanger Band

Cont r ol Cubi cl e

Ear t h Cabl e

600

Pol e Mount i ng Br acket

Installation

▷ Anti-corrosion stainless steel (304L)

▷ Surface treatment by Phosphatic scouring

▷ Fully Tig welded

▷ Tank filled with SF6 gas

▷ Primer and final Epoxy Paint

STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…

Outer Tank

▷ Vacuum Interrupter

▷ High strength glass fiber insulation frame

▷ Arrangement relaxing electric field

▷ Simple driving structure

STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…Interrupter assembly

▷ Low energy consumption Magnetic Actuator

▷ Single Moving Part using Magnet latch by the magnetic actuator mechanism

▷ High speed response

STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…Magnetic actuator

STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…The operating principle of Magnetic Actuator

STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…Advantage of magnetic actuator

▷ Single moving part

▷ Magnetic Latch, simple mechanical parts involved

▷ Low power consumption(Low voltage distribution line power source)

▷ Dead line operation possible over 500 times operations without any external power source supply

▷ Without battery, it is possible to operate the recloser

with the external power source

▷ Maintenance Free as using single moving part

▷ Light weight and small size

▷ 10,000 times mechanical operations

▷ Epoxy Bushing

▷ EPDM or silicone rubber Housing

▷ Excellent tracking resistance

▷ Vandal proof

▷ Epoxy bushing with the voltage sensor of C.V.D

▷ Easy handling for carrying, moving, installation

STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…Bushing

▷ Manual trip and lockout provision by a hot stick operation on the ground level in order to prevent to be operated by local / remote control during control circuit faults or line repair.

STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…STRUCTURE…

Manual trip / Locking device

STRUCTURESTRUCTURESTRUCTURESTRUCTURE

▷ The indicator displays an interrupter’s open / close status and the operation counter is located at the bottom of main tank.

ON / OFF indicator and operation counter

ON/OFF Indicator

Operation Counter

Control electronic

EVRC2Apara Recloser

Control electronic

EVRC2Apara Recloser

Control cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical application

Main Feature & Description Features and advantages

1. Enclosure of all parts are made of stainless steel- Complete corrosion free in high-humidity

condition.- No additional periodic painting

2.Triple cover cabinet structure- No penetration of humidity and dust into relay box.- Deterrence of rapid temperature fluctuation- Able to check control cubicle under raining

condition -No damage on inner parts by vandalism

3. Digital relay box with Aluminum enclosure- Dust and moisture proof- Environmental protection

4. Powder coating of enclosure - Constant thickness by powder coating and

permanent durability

Control cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical application

Main Feature & Description Features and advantages1. Direct sunlight shield outside cover (Direct sunlight block) - Withstand the heating effect of direct solar

radiation without causing failure or mal operation

- Deterrence of rapid temperature fluctuation by a shadow from direct sunlight shield cover of main cubicle

- Protection of main cubicle and inner parts from external impact

- Capable of inspecting control cubicle under raining condition

2. Three position door lock - Maintain complete closing between door

and main cubicle

3. Air circulation vent - Prevention of moisture condensation in

control cubicle by air circulation through vent

4. Seamless door packing - Complete sealing between door and cubicle

1. Sunshine cover

2. Three position door lock

3. Air circulation vent4. Seamless door packing

Control cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical applicationControl cubicle for tropical application

Main Feature & Description Features and advantages

1. Use of Heat insulation material inside of main cubicle

- Dew point is controlled by constraints of rapid temperature fluctuation for using adiabatic foam inside cubicle

2. Stainless steel screen - Vermin proof by meshed stainless

steel - Degree of protection IP54

3. Modem and User’s space

1. Adiabatic foam insulation

2. Stainless steel screen

3. Modem and user’s space

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…

SEQUENCE STATUS SECTION

VOLTAGE ELEMENTS SECTION

LOCAL CONTROL SECTION

OPERATION SECTION

MENU CONTROL SECTION

BATTERY TEST SECTION

FAULT INDICATION SECTION

SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC SECTION

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…

VOLTAGE CONDITIONS

▷ 27 : Under voltage pickup ▷ 59 : Over voltage pickup ▷ 25 : Synchronism check ▷ 81 : Under frequency pickup

SYSTEM STATUS

▷ CONTROL RUN : System status shows normal ▷ SELF CHECK :System status shows warning

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…

SEQUENCE STATUS

▷ RESET : Sequence shows reset ▷ CYCLE : Sequence shows running ▷ LOCKOUT : Sequence shows lockout

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…

BATTERY

▷ AC SUPPLY : Status to supply the external AC power ▷ CHARGE : Status on charging the battery. ▷ DISCHARGE : Status on discharging the battery

[BATTERY TEST MODE]LOAD(V) : 24.48CHARGE(V): 27.39STATUS: GOOD

[BATTERY TEST MODE]LOAD(V) : 24.48CHARGE(V): 27.39STATUS: GOOD

▷ BATTERY LOAD TEST : To push the button for battery load test

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…

FAULT INDICATION ▷ A,B,C : Shows phase fault occurred ▷ G : Shows ground fault occurred ▷ SEF : Shows SEF fault occurred ▷ FI RESET : Reset fault indication / Lamp test

TRIP TYPE ▷ INST : Shows instantaneous trip

▷ DELAY : Shows delay trip ▷ HIGHCURRENT : Shows high-current trip

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…LOCAL CONTROL SECTION

PROTECTION ENABLED : ENABLE / DISABLE

GROUND ENABLED : ENABLE / DISABLE

SEF ENABLED : ENABLE / DISABLE

RECLOSE ENABLED : ENABLE / DISABLE

CONTROL LOCKED : Shows locked local key

REMOTE ENABLED : Shows remote operation is possible

ALTERNATE ENABLED : To use with alternate setting

(When Alternative is disabled, Primary setting is applied)

PROGRAM 1 : Use to optional function (Loop scheme, Etc.)

PROGRAM 2 : Use to optional function (Loop scheme, Etc.)

HOT LINE TAG : ENABLE / DISABLE

All indicators shows status of control functionThe indicators will be continuously ON when control function is enable, otherwise the indicators will be continuously OFF when control function is disable

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…

▷ OPENPress OPEN Push-Button, recloser is opened When the recloser is open, “open” indicator will be continuously ON

▷ CLOSEPress CLOSE Push-Button, recloser is closed.When the recloser is closed, “close” indicator will be continuously ONRecloser status indication is based on the recloser 52a contacts

OPERATION SECTION

USER INTERFACE PANELUSER INTERFACE PANEL

←▷ , →, ↑, ↓ : Arrow keys are used for moving between the menu window and changing the setting value

↑ ▷ (METER) : Up arrow key is used to move the meter menu, operable in menu starting mode

↓ ▷ (AWAKE) : Down arrow key is used for panel awaking from sleep mode

← ▷ (EVENT) : Left arrow key is used to move the event menu, operable in menu at starting mode

→ ▷ (SET) : Right arrow key is used to move the setting menu, operable in menu at starting mode

MENU CONTROL & DISPLAY SECTION

▷ FUN : To move the main menu when present mode is starting mode ESC : To cancel for data input mode or return current display to the previous ▷

level ENT : To select sub menu or data input▷

USER INTERFACE PANEL…USER INTERFACE PANEL…

SIDE PANEL OF RELAY

CN1 Current Input IA, IB, IC, IN, SEF

CN2 Voltage Input VA, VB, VC, VL

CN3 AC24V IN Relay Module AC Power Input

CN4 BATT’ IN Relay Module DC Power Input

CN5 POWER OUTPUT User-Available DC Voltage Source

CN6 CONTROL Recloser Open, Close

CN7 UPSOpen, Close Power

Monitoring & Control

CN8RECLOSER STATUS

Open, Close, Lock, Pressure

CN9 OUTPUTS

OUT1 ~ OUT5 (A Contacts)

OUT6 ~ OUT7 (B Contacts)

OUT8 (ALARM)

CN10 INPUTS IN01 ~ IN08

PORT2 SERIAL RS232CN1

CN2

CN3

CN4

CN5

CN6

CN7

CN8

CN9

CN10

PORT2

FIN DE LA PRIMERA PARTE