capstone arp power point

Edison State College Analytical Research

Project

Capstone PAD 4878School Bus Routing Problem In The Lee County Public School District

Submitted by: James Rosa Professor: Dr. Richard H. Worch, Jr. Date: August 4th , 2013

The best method to, provide adequate bus route pick up locations and transportation to and from designated schools for students in Lee County, in order for them to safely reach their destination in a cost effective and timely manner.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDDescription of history of the organizations problem and scope of its’ effect.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND• Lee County Public Schools• 9th largest district • 40th largest in the U.S.• 82,000 students• 10,000 full and part employees• 1.328 billion for a budget

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

WHY DOES THE SITUATION YOU MENTIONED IN YOUR

PROBLEM STATEMENT NEED IMPROVEMENT?

• Keep students safe• 59% ride the bus• 152 bus routes longer

than 30 minutes• Effect mental and

physical state

WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF NO CHANGES WERE MADE AS

YOU PROPOSE IN YOUR PROBLEM STATEMENT?

• Problem remains• Population grows• More reports• Lead to injury or

death

HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDIS SOLVING THIS PROBLEM WORTH THE TIME, MONEY, AND RESOURCES THAT WILL NEED TO BE EXPENDED?

•Worth time, money resources•Safety of students•Time spent on a bus = money spent by taxpayers•Help save resources

HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDWHAT IS THIS PROBLEM’S HISTORY IN THIS ORGANIZATION?

• Began in 1964• NAACP filed lawsuit • Rosalind Blalock • Dunbar High School• Students were bused

HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDWHAT ARE THE ROOT CAUSES TO THIS PROBLEM IN THIS ORGANIZATION?

• desegregation started the issue• Implementation of school choice• students may be bused anyways.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDWHO ARE THE

STAKEHOLDERS EFFECTED BY THIS PROBLEM?

• Students • Parents of the

students• Transportation

director• Employees• Teachers• Residents

WHAT INTEREST DO THESE STAKEHOLDERS HAVE IN A

SOLUTION TO THIS PROBLEM?

• Most interested• Biggest voice• Dealing with

angry parents and media• Have class on

time• Safety required

CASE STUDIESOther places that had similar problems and how they handled it.

CASE STUDY 1• Solving School Bus Routing Problems

Through Integer Programming.• School bus routing problem in Ankara, Turkey.• Saved about 28.6% • More buses, increased the number of student

per stop.

Bektas, T., & Elmastas, S. (2007). Solving school bus routing problems through integer programming. The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 58(12), 1599-1604. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602305

CASE STUDY 2• The School Bus Routing Problem: A Case

Study• School bus routing problem in Hong

Kong, China.• Saved about 29 % in travel time.• Used a experimental computer program.

Li, L., & Fu, Z. (2002). The school bus routing problem: A case study. The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 53(5), 552-558. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/231398396?accountid=10674

CASE STUDY 3• A Computerized Approach To The New

York City School Bus Routing Problem.• School bus routing problem in

Manhattan, New York. • Use computer program called (CATS)

Computer Assisted Transportation System

Braca, J., Bramel, J., Posner, B., & Levi, D. S. Department of Information Systems, Fund for the City of New York (1994). A computerized approach to the new york city school bus routing problem. Retrieved from Information Systems, Fund of the City of New York website: citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.44.5468..

LITERATURE REVIEWScholarly articles related to problem.

LITRATURE REVIEW 1• The Estimated Cost Impact Of Privatizing

Student Transportation In Minnesota School Districts.• School bus transportation system in

Minneapolis/Saint Paul, Minnesota area• Six year study• Saved an average of 15.8 %

Thompson, O. (2011). The estimated cost impact of privatizing student transportation in Minnesota school districts. Public Choice, 146(3-4), 319-339. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-010-9592-y

LITRATURE REVIEW 2• Why Parents Drive Children to School:

Implications For Safe Routes to School Programs.• 75% of parents drive kids to school with

less than 2 miles. (save)• 50% of parents say no adult supervision.

McDonald, N. C., & Aalborg, A. K. (2009). Why parents drive children to school: Implications for safe routes to school programs. American Planning Association. Journal of the American Planning Association, 75(3), 331-342. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/229630410?accountid=10674

http://search.proquest.com/docview/229630410?accountid=10674

http://search.proquest.com/docview/229630410?accountid=10674

LITRATURE REVIEW 3• A set partitioning reformulation of a

school bus scheduling problem.• Germany used a numerical program

model. • Students are biggest users for

transportation. • Use different start time for different

schools.

Fügenschuh, A. (2011). A set partitioning reformulation of a school bus scheduling problem. Journal of Scheduling, 14(4), 307-318. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10951-011-0234-0

LITRATURE REVIEW 4• Decision-Aiding Methodology for the

School Bus Routing and Scheduling Problem.• school bus routing and scheduling in the

country of Switzerland.• School-based approach • Home-based approach.

Spada, M., Bierlaire, M., & Liebling, T. M. (2005). Decision-aiding methodology for the school bus routing and scheduling problem. Transportation Science, 39(4), 477-490. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/203539480?accountid=10674

LITRATURE REVIEW 5• Heuristic Solutions to the Problem of

Routing School Buses with Multiple Objective.• School bus routing problem in Spain. • Minimizing the number of buses.• Minimizing the time spend on the bus.

Corberán, A., & Fernández, E., & Laguna, M., & Martí, R. (2002). Heuristic Solutions to the Problem of Routing School Buses with Multiple Objective. The Journal of the Operational Research SocietyVol. 53, No. 4 (Apr., 2002), pp. 427-435 http://www.jstor.org/stable/822826

http://www.jstor.org/stable/822826

http://www.jstor.org/stable/822826

ALTERNATIVESAlternatives to solving the problem.

ALTERNATIVE 1INCREASING THE NUMBER OF SCHOOL BUSES IN LEE COUNTY AND/OR UTILIZING MORE OF THE DOWN BUSES.

ALTERNATIVE 2CHANGING SCHOOL START TIMES WITH LEE COUNTY SCHOOLS

ALTERNATIVE 3IMPLEMENTATION HIGH TECH COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR USE WITH BUS ROUTING

ALTERNATIVE 4IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SAFE ROUTE TO SCHOOL PROGRAM

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Alternatives are analyzed based on legal, financial, organizational, and political factors.

Quantitative and Comparative Analysis• comparative analysis - you must begin

with a basis for comparison, which is the ARP’s problem statement.• Quantitative analysis, “contains the

word “quantity”—something that can be counted.• includes any research methods that

produce hard numbers which can be turned into statistics.

LEGAL • Alternative 1 – score 51• Alternative 2 – score 41• Alternative 3 – score 48• Alternative 4 – score 45

FINANICAL

• Alternative 1 – score 41• Alternative 2 – score 53• Alternative 3 – score 44• Alternative 4 – score 41

ORGANIZATIONAL • Alternative 1 – score 48• Alternative 2 – score 45• Alternative 3 – score 52• Alternative 4 – score 46

POLITICAL • Alternative 1 – score 48• Alternative 2 – score 47• Alternative 3 – score 46• Alternative 4 – score 46

BASIC SPREADSHEETThis is an example spreadsheet for the that is completed with each of the alternatives.

1 An examination of the organization’s three-year goals, including the next year implementation plan for these goals, in relation to this selected possible alternative.

L1

F1

O1

P1 2 An examination of any proposed public policy changes to

the organization and its relationship to this selected possible alternative.

L2

F2

O2

P2

3 An examination of the organization’s budget regarding its impact on this selected possible alternative.

L3

F3

O3

P3

4 An examination of the organization’s organizational chart and its rationale for the organizational structure in relation to this selected possible alternative.

L4

F4

O4

P4

5 An examination of the organization’s employee performance evaluation system in relation to this selected possible alternative.

L5

F5

O5

P5

6 A review of the organization’s existing policies and your problem statement in relation to relevant state and federal employment laws.

L6

F6

O6

P6

7 A review of the organization’s collective bargaining agreement regarding this selected possible alternative.

L7

F7

O7

P7

8 A review of the organization’s emergency and/or strategic plan(s) addressing mitigation and response, including threats, to this selected possible alternative.

L8

F8

O8

P8 9 A review of the organization’s emergency and/or

strategic plan(s) addressing mitigation and response to natural disasters regarding this selected possible alternative.

L9

F9

O9

P9

10 An examination of the organization’s human resource policy regarding proper staffing, to include the negative impact of job-related stresses, regarding this selected possible alternative.

L10

F10

O10

P10

11 An examination of the ethical issues common to this organization in relation to this selected possible alternative.

L11

F11

O11

P11

ALTERNATIVE 1 SPREADSHEET

This spread sheet shows the results of the legal, financial, organizational, and political costs of this alternative.

L F O P


4

4

4

3

2 An examination of any proposed public policy changes to the organization and its relationship to this selected possible alternative.

5

4

5

4


4

2

2

2


4

4

3

5


5

5

5

5


5

5

5

5


4

3

4

4


5

4

5

5

9 A review of the organization’s emergency and/or strategic plan(s) addressing mitigation and response to natural disasters regarding this selected possible alternative.

5

4

5

5


5

2

5

511 An examination of the ethical issues common to this organization in relation to this selected

possible alternative. 5

4

5

5

Category Points

51 41 48 48

Total Points

188

L F O P


1

5

3

3


5

5

3

3


4

5

3

5


2

5

5

5


5

5

5

5


3

4

4

4


2

4

4

4


5

5

5

5


5

5

5

5


5

5

4

4


4

5

4

4

Category Points

41 53 45 47

Total Points

186

L F O P


4

4

4

4


5

4

5

4


4

1

4

4


4

4

5

4


4

4

4

4


5

4

5

4


4

4

5

4


5

5

5

5


5

5

5

5


4

4

5

4


4

5

5

4

Category Points

48 44 52 46

Total Points

190

L F O P


3

3

4

4


5

4

4

4


3

2

4

4


4

4

4

4


4

4

4

4


3

4

4

4


5

4

4

4


5

4

5

5

9 A review of the organization’s emergency and/or strategic plan(s) addressing mitigation and response to natural disasters regarding this selected possible

alternative.

5

4

5

5

10 An examination of the organization’s human resource policy regarding proper staffing, to include the negative impact of job-related stresses, regarding this selected possible

alternative.

4

4

4

4


4

4

4

4

Category Points

45 41 46 46

Total Points

178

BEST ALTERNATIVE Alternative 3: Implementation high tech computer program for use with bus routing. Scored 190

Alternative 1: scored 188Alternative 2: scored 186Alternative 4: scored 178

IMPLEMENTATIONHow we will go about implementing the best alternative into the organization.

IMPLEMENTATION • Must do research on computer program • School personnel need to obtain 3

quotes. • Looking for best price, quality,

availability.• Proposal written up for board approval

for next fiscal year. • Present to the public, and changes to

the budget.

IMPLEMENTATION • First step - add training and

educational requirements, qualifications and union contracts.• Second step - set up training

schedule for the proper personnel to be trained on this program.• Last step - have a start time for the

program to go into effect.

EVALUATIONHow we will go about evaluating the effectiveness of this alternative once it has been implemented.

EVALUATION • Should be evaluated for at least 2

years. • Records Department will keep track of

surveys.• Surveys broken down by: parents,

students and employees. • Separated by positive, negative and

undecided comments. • Kept for each school year.

EVALUATION • Surveys will have a series of questions.• Make suggestions on the survey• Will be confidential.• Sent out at the beginning of school

year• Collected at the end of the school year. • Adjustments should be made.

EVALUATION • Performance evaluations on

employees. • School board members will look at

overall results. • Will get public opinion on alternative. • School board members will address if

alternative is a success or look for another source.

THANK YOU • I would like thank Dr. Richard Worch

and Edison State College staff for taking the time to look at my ARP, PowerPoint and Presentation. • I would like to thank my family and

friends for their support during this school year.

capstone arp power point

Business

school bus routing problems

organizations problem

bus routes

adequate bus route

students parents

students safe

city of new york website

time safety