carbon cycle ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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The Carbon Cycle
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What is carbon cycle?
• Nutrient cycle in which CARBON ATOMS are RECYCLED through the ABIOTIC and BIOTIC parts of an environment.
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What is carbon cycle?
• Consists of the processes in the BIOTIC environment:PHOTOSYNTHESIS (in AUTHOTROPHS)CERLLULAR RESPIRATION (in HETEROTROPHS & AUTOTROPHS)
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AUTOTROPHS
• Organisms having the ability to synthesize their own food.
Examples:Plants & Algae
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AUTOTROPHS
• Organisms that can make their own food, such us plants which make their food from INORGANIC substanceswhy are autotrophs important?
Called producers because they produce chemical energy for an entire ecosytem
Convert inorganic substances & light into organic substances containing CHEMICAL ENERGY (i.e. Food)
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HETEROTROPHS
• Organisms that do not make their own food• Also known as consumers – they “eat other
things”• Ex. Deer, mushrooms (a decomposers), rabbits
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HETEROTROPHS
• Various types of consumers:1. scavengers/ Detrivoresfeed on dead tissue of organisms (both plants and animals)
Ex. Vultures , Crows, and Shirmp
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HETEROTROPHS
2. Herbivores Eat only plantsEx. –Cows, Elephants, Gireffes
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HETEROTROPHS
3. Carnivores Eat ONLY meatex. Lions , tigers, sharks
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HETEROTROPHS
4. Omnivoreseat BOTH plants and animalsex. –bears and humans
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HETEROTROPHS
5. Decomposersabsorb any dead material and break
down ex. – bacteria and mushrooms
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photosynthesis
• Takes place in autotrophs, specially in the leaves of green plants
• In photosynthesis, plants trap sunlight (energy from the sun) and use it to create food (sugar called glucose)
• Key- plants turn light energy into chemical energy
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Photosynthesis Equation
• Photosynthesis is the process in which plants make food (sugar).
• Equation:reactants products
Carbon Dioxide+water+energy=sugar+oxygen
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Photosynthesis
• Plants can’t use light energy directly, instead they must convert it to chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis
• This chemical energy is eitherUsed to survive (energy to live)Stored as physical part of the plant (called starch)Heterotrophs consume the plant material for this
stored chemical energy
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Cellular Respiration
• Cellular Respiration is when food (chemical energy) is broken down to release energy
• This is called catabolism or “digestion”• Sugar (food) made by plants in photosynthesis
is broken down through Cellular Respiration into an “energy form” which can be used
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Cellular Respiration
• Cellular Respiration takes place in the mitochondria of plants and animals cells
• In respiration, OXYGEN is combined with SUGAR to produce ENERGY, CARBON DIOXIDE , and WATER
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Cellular Respiration
• The chemical equation for respiration, is essentially the opposite of photosynthesis
• Chemical Equation:Reactants Products
Sugar + Oxygen = Energy + Carbon Dioxide+ Water
Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis are COMPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
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Carbon storage
• Carbon is continually recycled in living ecosystems, but it can also be destroyed
• Ways of storing carbon:1. Inorganic Carbon Storage (non-living)2. Organic Carbon Storage (living)
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Inorganic Carbon Storage
• Storage of carbon atoms in non-living things occurs in 3 ways:
1. ATMOSPHEREcarbon dioxide in the aircontains least stored carbon (0.03%)
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Inorganic Carbon Storage
2. OCEANScarbon dioxide dissolved in waterused by water plants for photosynthesis
3. SOILcarbon stored in rocks such as limestonemost carbon is stored in soil/ rockcan be released when rocks are disturbed (volcanoes, acid rain)
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Organic Carbon Storage
• Carbon is stored in the bodies of living things• Carbon is stored in living bodies is released
when then organisms dies and decomposes.• Carbon is continually being recycled• Carbon stored in a body can be turned into
fossil fuels (gas, coal, etc.)• Peat (dead plant material) which get buried
can turn into Coal