Basic StructureBasic Structure Carboxylic acid is a hydrocarbon

containing carboxyl. Carboxylic acid forms 4 bonds in

its neutral state which may be in the form of single bonds, or a mixture of single and multiple bonds.

carbon forms a double bond to an oxygen atom forming a carbonyl moiety.

Carbonoxylic acid structure has many unique chemical properties resulting from the combination of the different moieties that are in its structure. Ex: acidic

CharacteristicsCharacteristics All carboxylic acids are compounds which contain

a –COOH group The hydrogen in this group makes the compound

acidic In water the acid does not dissolve and instead

the hydrogen molecules bond with the water creating a new substance

Boiling PointsBoiling Points The boiling point of all

carboxylic acids is determined by the ability to form hydrogen bonds

Alcohols for example have higher boiling point than alkanes because their hydrogen bonds are similar in size and from bonds easier

Carboxylic acids boiling point is still higher though

NomenclatureNomenclature• Carboxylic acids are named by dropping the -e

ending of the parent name and adding -oic .• The name for a -COOH group is carboxy.

Pentanoic acid

NomenclatureNomenclature• When one or more –COOH groups are attached to

a ring, the ring is named followed by the word -carboxylic acid.

cyclobutanecarboxylic acid

NomenclatureNomenclature• Salts of carboxylic acids are named by first

naming the metal, followed by a space and then by changing the name of the acid by dropping the -oic acid ending and adding -oate.

sodium benzoate

MechanismsMechanisms Methyl ester formation- Methyl esters are

often prepared by the reaction of carboxylic acids with diazomethane.

Mechanisms cont.Mechanisms cont. Acid halide formation- Carboxylic acids react

with phosphorous trichloride (PCl3), phosphorous pentachloride (PCl5), thionyl chloride (SOCl2), and phosphorous tribromide (PBr3) to form acyl halides.

Mechanisms cont.Mechanisms cont. Acid anhydride formation- This group forms by

reacting the salt of a carboxylic acid with an acyl halide.

ExamplesExamples Formic acid is used as a chemical solvent, and as

a disinfectant. It is also used in processing textiles and leathers, and latex rubber.

Propionic Acid naturally occurs in sweat and milk as result of bacterial fermentation

Butryic Acid occurs in butter and creates a smell in butter when it has gone sour

Caporic Acid is in animal fats and oils and is manufactured to use in pharmaceuticals and flavorings

Real World Real World ImportanceImportance

Without carboxylic many everyday items would be out of use

With their use in pharmaceuticals such as aspirin the absence of carboxylic acid would not allow people to relieve pain and would stop the easy prevention of heart attacks

Carboxylic acids are also the main ingredients in sunscreen

Real World Real World ImportanceImportance

Without aspirin people would not be able to prevent heart attacks and blood clots which would lead to more deaths

Carboxylic acid also lets us know when dairy products have gone bad which is essential for cooking

Question #1Question #1Carboxylic acid is a hydrocarbon containing

________.

a) Sodiumb) Carboxylc) Oxygend) Fluoride

AnswerAnswerCarboxylic acid is a hydrocarbon containing

________.

a) Sodiumb) Carboxylc) Oxygend) Fluoride

Question #2Question #2_________ acid creates a smell when butter sours.

a)Formicb)Caporicc) Butyricd)Propionic

AnswerAnswer_________ acid creates a smell when butter sours.

a)Formicb)Caporicc) Butyricd)Propionic

Question #3Question #3Acid anhydride formation forms by reacting the ______of a carboxylic acid with an acyl halide.

a)Saltb)Nucleusc) Atomsd)Bonds

AnswerAnswerAcid anhydride formation forms by reacting the

______of a carboxylic acid with an acyl halide.

a)Saltb)Nucleusc) Atomsd)Bonds

Question #4Question #4The boiling point of all carboxylic acids is determined by the ability to form _______ bonds.

a)Oxygenb)Phosphorousc) Carbond)Hydrogen

AnswerAnswerThe boiling point of all carboxylic acids is

determined by the ability to form _______ bonds.

a)Oxygenb)Phosphorousc) Carbond)Hydrogen

Question #5Question #5What comes first in the naming of carboxylic acids?

a)Saltb)Metalc) Larger amountd)Aqueous solution

AnswerAnswerWhat comes first in the naming of carboxylic acids?

a)Saltb)Metalc) Larger amountd)Aqueous solution

Works CitedWorks Cited• http://science.jrank.org/pages/1222/Carboxylic-Acids.h

tml• http://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJ

ml/crbacid1.htm• http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/acids/

background.html• http://chemistry2.csudh.edu/rpendarvis/

carboxder.html• http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1014/Lecture/

FunctionalGroup/FuncGrp4.html• http://www.chemgapedia.de/vsengine/vlu/vsc/en/ch/

12/oc/vlu_organik/c_acid/nomenklatur_und_strukt_carbons.vlu/Page/vsc/en/ch/12/oc/c_acid/nomenklatur/nomenklatur.vscml.html