cardiac outputplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 l/min meaning that heart...

CARDIAC OUTPUT 1.STROKE VOLUME 2.CARDIAC INDEX 3.VENOUS RETURN 4.RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE

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CARDIAC OUTPUT

1.STROKE VOLUME

2.CARDIAC INDEX

3.VENOUS RETURN

4.RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE

Page 2: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

HYPEREFFECTIVE AND

HYPOEFFECTIVE HEART

DEFINITION

CAUSES

1.HYPEREFFECTIVE

A. NERVOUS EXCITATION

B.HYPERTROPHY OF HEART MUSCLE

Page 3: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

2.HYPOEFFECTIVE

A.HEART DISEASES

B.INHIBIT NERVOUS EXCITATION

Page 4: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

FACTORS AFFECT ON CARDIAC

OUTPUT

1.VENOUS RETURN

2.RIGHT ATRIAL PRESSURE

3.CIRCULATORY FILLING PRESSURE

4.SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION

5.ELECTROLYTES

6.PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE

Page 6: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

Page 7: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

Page 8: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

Page 9: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

MEASUREMENTS OF CARDIAC

OUTPUT

1.DIRECT FICK METHOD

2.INDICATOR DILUTION METHOD

Page 11: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

Page 12: CARDIAC OUTPUTplateau level of this normal cardiac output curve is about 13 L/min meaning that heart can pump about 2.5 times the normal venous return (5L/min) The uppermost curves

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