cardiac rehabilitation in heart transplantation
TRANSCRIPT
Cardiac Rehabilitation Issues After Heart Transplantation
Pishgahi A. MDPhysiatrist
Tabriz University of Medical Science
Introduction • After heart transplantation, patients present
physical exercise intolerance.
• Physical activity has demonstrated to be of great relevance in the post-transplantation rehabilitation, improving the exercise capacity,
Introduction • Although life expectancy is greatly improved,
survival is reduced, mainly due to the increased frequency of late complications.
• Additionally, the patient’s exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are reduced compared with the general population.
Reduced exercise capacity
Reduced exercise capacity
Chronotropic Incompetency
• Denervated Heart• Higher resting HR and reduced HR response• Sympathetic and para-sympathetic
denervation• Catecholamine release from adrenal glands
Reduced VO2 max
• In most studies, the peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) levels range from 50% to 70% of the general population.
• Surgical technique• Systolic and diastolic dysfunction• Metabolic abnormalities• Immunosuppressive agents
Phase 1
• Pain relief (surgical site)• Respiratory Physiotherapy(pre and post op.)• Range of motion exercises (Day 2)• Gentle Stretches exercises (Day 2)• Mattress training• Walking around the room
Phase 2
Phase 2- intensity
• Most used variable is VO2• Cardiopulmonary exercise test with gas
analysis• Lower threshold HR : 50 % of VO2 max• Upper threshold HR : 80 % of VO2 max
• Expensive method
Cycle Ergometry
• Incremental or ramp• 10 minutes• Pedaling frequency of 60 rpm• 1-3 minutes resting
Treadmill Balk Protocol 2mph, 0% gradeThe grade is increased 2-3 % every minute
Bruce Protocol1.7 mph, 10% gradeIncrease 0.8 mph and 2 % grade every 3 minutes
Comparison
Treadmill Cycle
Higher Lower Vo2 max
Less limiting Often limits Leg muscle fatigue
Estimation Yes Work rate quantification More Less Weight bearing in obese
More Less Noise and artifact
More Less Safety issues
HIT
Resistance exercise
• Increase muscle mass• Increase bone density
Summary
Summary
Summary
Benefits
Thanx...