carson, pirie, scott and company building

Carson, Pirie, Scottand Company Store

U.S. National Register of Historic Places

U.S. National Historic LandmarkChicago Landmark

Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building with1904 and 1906 additions

Location Chicago, Illinois

Coordinates 41°52′54.16″N87°37′39.18″W

Built 1899

Architect Louis Sullivan;Burnham, Daniel H., &Co.

Architectural style Late 19th and Early20th Century AmericanMovements

Governing body Private

Decorations to celebrate AbrahamLincoln's 100th Birthday in 1909

Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company BuildingFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Sullivan Center, formerly known as the Carson, Pirie,Scott and Company Building or Carson, Pirie, Scott andCompany Store,[4] is a commercial building at 1 South StateStreet at the corner of East Madison Street in Chicago, Illinois. Itwas designed by Louis Sullivan for the retail firm Schlesinger &Mayer in 1899, and expanded by him and subsequently sold toH.G. Selfridge & Co. in 1904. That firm occupied the structurefor only a matter of weeks before it sold the building (the landunder it was owned at the time by Marshall Field) to Otto Young,who then leased it to Carson Pirie Scott for $7,000 per month.[5]

Subsequent additions were completed by Daniel Burnham in 1906and Holabird & Root in 1961.[6]

The building has been used for retail purposes since 1899, and hasbeen a Chicago Landmark since 1975. It is part of the LoopRetail Historic District.

Contents1 Architecture2 See also3 Notes4 External links

ArchitectureThe Sullivan Center wasinitially developedbecause of the ChicagoGreat Fire of 1871. In1872, the partnership ofLeopold Schlesinger andDavid Mayer began aftertheir immigration fromBavaria. In 1881Schlesinger and Mayerhad moved theirdry-goods store into theBowen Building that wason the corner of State and

Madison. In 1890, Schlesinger and Mayer hired Adler andSullivan to prepare plans for the removal of the Bowen Building’sattic story and the addition of two stories across the BowenBuilding and the adjacent four-story structure to the south. Thefacades were added to match the bottom stories of the building

Coordinates: 41°52′54.16″N 87°37′39.18″W

Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building - Wikipedia, the free encycl... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carson,_Pirie,_Scott_and_Company_Building

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NRHP Reference # 70000231 [1]

Significant datesAdded to NRHP April 17, 1970

Designated NHL May 15, 1975[3]

Designated CL November 5, 1970[2]

and the building was painted white.

In 1892, Schlesinger and Mayer hired Adler and Sullivan to dofurther remodeling and add a new entrance to the corner of Stateand Madison. In 1886, Sullivan, no longer working with Adler,was asked back by Schlesinger and Mayer to redesign the façadeand add two stories to the newly leased four-story building onWabash avenue, as well as connecting it to the State Street store.That never happened because Schlesinger and Mayer changed their minds to make it a ten-story building,which also never happened. It eventually got painted white and then a bridge was added that connected thesecond story of the building to the elevated railroad. In 1898, Schlesinger and Mayer decided to remove theoriginal building located on State and Madison replace it with a new building designed by Sullivan. Sullivanhad both a nine and twelve-story proposal made up for this new building. They eventually started with anine-story portion of the building that was made on the Madison Street side next to the original portion of theAdler and Sullivan renovations.

In 1902 Schlesinger and Mayer came back to Sullivan wanting a twenty-story building on State and Madison,eventually settling for the final twelve stories. The Madison Street portion that was added earlier did notstructurally support twelve stories so it was left as is. Sullivan came up with a three-stage plan to finish thenew building and allow Schlesinger and Mayer to keep their business running during the Christmas season.[7]

The building is remarkable for its steel-framed structure, which allowed a dramatic increase in window areacreated by bay-wide windows, which in turn allowed for the greatest amount of daylight into the buildinginteriors. This provided larger displays of merchandise to outside pedestrian traffic creating the idea of thesidewalk showcase. In between the windows were lavish bands of terra cotta that replaced the earlier planfor white Georgia quarries because it was lightweight and inexpensive. Another reason for the change inwhat type of marble they would use in construction was that stonecutters were having a strike in 1898 duringthe time of construction.[8] The lavish Bronze-plated cast-iron ornamental work above the rounded towerwas also meant to be functional because it was to be as resilient as a sheet of copper. Both the use of bronzeand terra cotta was important to setting the building apart from others because it was essentially fireresistant. It created a sense of monumentality. Sullivan thought the building would be an asset to the city fora long period of time. To ensure this great building would last and be resilient against the threat of fire, therewas a 40 ft water tower put on the roof to supply the sprinkler system with enough water.

Sullivan designed the corner entry to be seen from both State and Madison, and that the ornamentation,situated above the entrance, would be literally attractive, which would give the store an elegant uniquepersona important to the competitiveness of the neighboring stores.[9] The building is one of the classicstructures of the Chicago school. The way this technique was used on the lower floors of the building wereso elaborate that it used the natural lighting and shadows to seem almost as if it were magically floatingabove the ground.[10] The top floor of the 1899 and 1904 sections of the building were recessed to create anarrow loggia topped by an intricately detailed cornice that projected beyond the facade of the building. Thiswas removed around 1948 and the 12th floor redesigned to replicate the lower floors.[11]

In the early years of development there was an addition that grew to be very valuable in spotting the buildingfrom afar. This addition was the pedestrian bridge that connected the train station, behind the store onWabash Avenue, to the second floor of the Sullivan Center. This too was coated in elaborate metalwork andprovided a sense of special entry to those who used it.[12]

In February 2006, the first phase of a multi-year restoration of the building's upper facade was completed. Inaddition to cleaning, the cornice and supporting columns were recreated on the 12th floor.[11] A 2001 reportput the budget at $68.9 million for this renovation.

In August 2006 the parent company of Carson Pirie Scott, (Bon-Ton Stores Inc.), announced that after the


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The building's northwest entrance

Closeup of the marquee on thebuilding's north facade

2006 Christmas season, the department store in the building wouldclose. There were no immediate announcements as to what wouldoccupy the building after the store's closure. After holding clearancesales, Carson's closed in February 2007.[13]

The 943,944-square-foot (87,695.3 m2) three-building complex, nowrenamed the Sullivan Center, is currently owned by Joseph Freed andAssociates LLC, a real estate developer based in Palatine, Illinois.

In 2008, a second renovation project of the decorative iron work onthe lower three floors began. This included the State Street facade aswell as rear portions of the building which face Wabash Avenue. Partof the funding for this renovation was provided by the City ofChicago. The Wabash facade was completed in August 2009 and thework on State Street in late 2010.[14][15]

Tenants of the Sullivan Center include the School of the Art Instituteof Chicago and Gensler. In December 2010, Freed and Associates announced it was in talks with retailerTarget, who expressed an interest in occupying part of the structure.[16] On February 15, 2011, the retailerannounced it would lease 125,000 sq ft (11,600 m2) spread over two floors of the building. The new storeopened July 26, 2012 and was met with favorable reviews for its clean design while being sensitive to thehistoric character of the structure.[17]

See alsoChicago architectureNational Historic Landmark

Notes"National Register Information System" (http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreg/docs/All_Data.html). National Register of Historic Places.National Park Service. 2006-03-15.

1.

"Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building"(http://webapps.cityofchicago.org/LandmarksWeb/landmarkDetail.do?lanID=1264). Chicago Landmarks.

2.

"Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building" (http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=916&ResourceType=Building). NationalHistoric Landmark summary listing. National Park Service.Retrieved 2008-07-20.

3.

Baeb, Eddie (11 February 2008). "New space boosts Loop retailvacancy rate" (http://www.chicagorealestatedaily.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=9999200028139). Crain's Chicago Business (CrainCommunications Inc.).

4.

"BIG STORE IS SOLD - Carson Pirie Scott & Co. Buy Business ofSelfridge & Co. - LARGE BONUS IS PAID". Chicago DailyTribune: 1. August 12, 1904.

5.

"Carson Pirie Scott and Company Building" (http://www.american-architecture.info/USA/CHICAGO/CHIC-LS/CHIC-LS-020.htm).essential-architecture.com. Retrieved November 8, 2010.

6.


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Wikimedia Commons hasmedia related to SullivanCenter.

Joseph Siry (1988). Carson Pirie Scott: Louis Sullivan and the Chicago Department Store(http://www.amazon.com/Carson-Pirie-Scott-Department-Architecture/dp/0226761371#reader_0226761371).Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 3, 65. ISBN 0-226-76136-3.

7.

Siry, p.978.Siry, pp.3,65,77–79,82,88,90–93,1019.Scully, Vincent Jr. (1959). "Louis Sullivan's Architectural Ornament: A Brief Note concerning Humanist Designin the Age of Force". Perspecta 5: 73–80. JSTOR 1566883 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1566883).

10.

Kamin, Blair G. (February 19, 2006). "Carsons restoration would make Sullivan smile"(http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/989613571.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+19%2C+2006&author=Blair+Kamin%2C+Tribune+architecture+critic&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=1&desc=Carsons+restoration+would+make+Sullivan+smile).Chicago Tribune (chicagotribune.com). p. Arts & Entertainment-1. Retrieved November 8, 2010.

11.

Siry, pp.77–7912."Carson Pirie Scott on State Street closing" (http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/1112970111.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Aug+28%2C+2006&author=FROM+NEWS+SERVICES&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=9&desc=Carson+Pirie+Scott+on+State+Street+closing). Chicago Tribune (chicagotribune.com). August 28, 2006.p. 9. Retrieved November 9, 2010.

13.

Kamin, Blair G. (August 19, 2009). "Sullivan storefronts dazzle once more" (http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/1836166811.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Aug+19%2C+2009&author=Blair+Kamin&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=2&desc=Sullivan+storefronts+dazzle+once+more). Chicago Tribune (chicagotribune.com). p. Live!-1. RetrievedNovember 8, 2010.

14.

Kamin, Blair G. (January 24, 2010). "Loop landmark looking a lot like its original self"(http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/1946265481.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jan+24%2C+2010&author=Blair+Kamin&pub=Chicago+Tribune&edition=&startpage=7&desc=Loop+landmark+looking+a+lot+like+its+original+self). Chicago Tribune (chicagotribune.com). RetrievedNovember 9, 2010.

15.

David Roderland, Frand Spielman et al. (December 10, 2010). "Target close to deal to move into old Carsonson State Street" (http://www.suntimes.com/business/2767878-420/mart-wal-target-chicago-stores.html). ChicagoSun-Times (www.Suntimes.com). Retrieved 2011-01-28.

16.

Blair Kamin (26 July 2012). "Retailer right on Target" (http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-07-26/news/ct-met-target-kamin-0726-20120726_1_associates-retailer-floors/2). Chicago Tribune (chicagotribune.com).Retrieved 2012-08-21.

17.

External linksOfficial website (http://www.thesullivancenter.com/)

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carson,_Pirie,_Scott_and_Company_Building&oldid=659879391"

Categories: Commercial buildings completed in 1899Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Chicago, IllinoisDepartment stores on the National Register of Historic Places Landmarks in Chicago, IllinoisLouis Sullivan buildings National Historic Landmarks in Illinois Skyscrapers in Chicago, Illinois

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carson, pirie, scott and company building

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