case studies undp: rufiji environment management project, tanzania

7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: RUFIJI ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PROJECT, Tanzania

1/12

Equator Initiative Case StudiesLocal sustainable development solutions or people, nature, and resilient communities

Tanzania

RUFIJIENVIRONMENTMANAGEMENTPROJECT

Empowered live

Resilient nation

Empowered live

Resilient nation


2/12

UNDP EQUATOR INITIATIVE CASE STUDY SERIES

Local and indigenous communities across the world are advancing innovative sustainable development solutions that wo

or people and or nature. Few publications or case studies tell the ull story o how such initiatives evolve, the breadth

their impacts, or how they change over time. Fewer still have undertaken to tell these stories with community practition

themselves guiding the narrative.

To mark its 10-year anniversary, the Equator Initiative aims to ll this gap. The ollowing case study is one in a growing ser

that details the work o Equator Prize winners vetted and peer-reviewed best practices in community-based environmenconservation and sustainable livelihoods. These cases are intended to inspire the policy dialogue needed to take local succ

to scale, to improve the global knowledge base on local environment and development solutions, and to serve as models

replication. Case studies are best viewed and understood with reerence to The Power o Local Action: Lessons rom 10 Years

the Equator Prize, a compendium o lessons learned and policy guidance that draws rom the case material.

Click on the map to visit the Equator Initiatives searchable case study database.

EditorsEditor-in-Chie: Joseph Corcoran

Managing Editor: Oliver HughesContributing Editors: Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Erin Lewis, Whitney Wilding

Contributing WritersEdayatu Abieodun Lamptey, Erin Atwell, Toni Blackman, Jonathan Clay, Joseph Corcoran, Larissa Currado, Sarah Gordon, Oliver Hughe

Wen-Juan Jiang, Sonal Kanabar, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Rachael Lader, Patrick Lee, Erin Lewis, Jona Liebl, Mengning Ma,

Mary McGraw, Gabriele Orlandi, Juliana Quaresma, Peter Schecter, Martin Sommerschuh, Whitney Wilding, Luna Wu

DesignOliver Hughes, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Amy Korngiebel, Kimberly Koserowski, Erin Lewis, John Mulqueen, Lorena de la Pa

Brandon Payne, Mariajos Satizbal G.

AcknowledgementsThe Equator Initiative acknowledges with gratitude the Ruji Environment Management Project, and also the guidance and inputs

Abdalla Said Shah, IUCN Tanzania oce. All photo credits courtesy o Ruji Environment Management Project. Maps courtesy o C

World Factbook and Wikipedia.

Suggested CitationUnited Nations Development Programme. 2012. Ruji Environment Management Project. Equator Initiative Case Study Series. New Yo

NY.
http://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/index.php?option=com_winners&view=casestudysearch&Itemid=858http://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdf


3/12

PROJECT SUMMARYBetween 1998 and 2003, this IUCN-led intervention in theRuji Delta area o Tanzania worked through the Ruji DistrictCouncil to develop village environment managementplans in consultation with local communities. The projectoversaw the eective transer o resource managementauthority rom the central government to our pilot villagescomprising communities in the foodplain and delta areasaected by the fooding o the river downstream o theSelous Game Reserve.

Land-use maps were collaboratively produced by teams

o researchers, government ocials, and the communitiesthemselves using a combination o modern and traditionalmeans; these maps then ormed the basis o participatoryland use planning at the village level, ocusing onempowering women as prime resource users. The enduringimpact o the project has been closer cooperation betweencommunities and local government in preserving theregions delicate socio-ecological balance.

KEY FACTS

EQUATOR PRIZE WINNER: 2004

FOUNDED: 1998

LOCATION: Rufji District, Tanzania

BENEFICIARIES: Villages in the Rufji River Delta

BIODIVERSITY: Rufji-Mafa-Kilwa Marine Ramsar site

3

RUFIJI ENVIRONMENTMANAGEMENT PROJECTTanzania

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Background and Context 4

Key Activities and Innovations 6

Biodiversity Impacts 7

Socioeconomic Impacts 8

Policy Impacts 9

Sustainability 10

Partners 11


4/12

4

he Ruji River lies entirely within Tanzania, rising in the south-

west o the country and reaching the Indian Ocean some 375 miles

ater, orming a sprawling delta. Located about 250 miles south o

Dar es Salaam, the Ruji River Delta is the largest in Eastern Arica,

nd contains the largest estuarine mangrove orest on the eastern

eaboard o the Arican continent. Common mangrove species

nclude Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba and Ceriops tagal,

while Avicennia marina and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza occur less

requently. As well as an extensive ood web that supports a high

iversity o omnivorous crustaceans o commercial importance, the

elta ecosystem and Maa Island are important wintering grounds

or migrating birds, including waders and terns. Wildlie such as

ippopotamuses, crocodiles and monkeys eed and shelter in themangrove orests.

n 2004, the delta was included in Tanzanias ourth site to be

amed a Wetland o International Importance under the Ramsar

Convention. Known as the Ruji-Maa-Kilwa Marine Ramsar site, it

s a complex o coastal and marine habitats that includes the Ruji

Delta; Maa Island and surrounding smaller islands, sandbars, and

oral rees located just oshore; the Songo-Songo Archipelago to

he south; and adjacent waters, including the Maa Channel and

waters between Maa and Songo-Songo.

he major ethnic group in Ruji District is the Wandengereko. Other

roups include the Wanyagatwa, who are mainly ound in the RujiDelta, and Wamatumbi, who are mainly ound in the southern part

Ruji, as well as a number o other smaller ethnic groupings.

Collectively, these groups are oten reerred to as the Waruji,

r Ruji people. The history o Ruji District is strongly linked to

he development o the coastal Swahili culture and the trade links

etween the East Arican coast and the countries o the Persian Gul.

he district is home to many people o Arab origin, and Islam is an

ntegral part o the Ruji culture, guiding both its religious and social

ystems.

A socio-ecological balance

Farmers in the Ruji food plain and the delta area have evolv

system o land use over time that is adapted to the unpredict

foods o the Ruji River. The system is based on inter-planting

rotating rice, maize, beans, and, to a lesser extent, cotton. In add

livelihoods are supplemented by the utilization o available na

resources, such as shing in the rivers and lakes, and harvestin

orest and non-orest products.

In 2002, it was estimated that the orests provided around

o locally-raised income within Ruji District. In 2008, a s

concluded that wetland resources were o substantial econovalue to households in one o the deltas villages, Mtanza-Ms

the majority o wetlands harvest and use activities were wor

least TSh 25,000 (around USD 20 at 2008 prices) a year per pe

with timber harvesting or sale, shing, honey collection, buil

poles and rewood being the most lucrative. The total annual v

o wetland resource use to the villages 428 households was TSh

million (USD 192,000), or just over USD 100 per capita.

The shared use o natural resources was governed by both com

sharing o ecosystems between villages or lineages and by

perceptions o space as sacred groves or as having assi

spiritual values. Traditionally, the foodplain and hill tribes have

an inormal mutual aid agreement that stipulates that, in yeabad rainall, the foodplain people cannot reuse to provide th

people with ood, and vice-versa in years with insucient foods

orests and woodlands have also acted as saety nets during tim

drought and rainall, providing subsistence nutrition or timber

can be sold or ood. Numerous taboos exist on harvesting o ce

species, and their harvesting requires complex rituals.

Background and Context


5/12

55

From government-led to collaborative orest management

he delicate socio-ecological balance was upset during the course

successive German, British, and Tanzanian governments, however.

he Forest Ordinance o 1957 allowed or the creation o orest

eserves by government decree ater considering any objections

y interested parties to this de jure transer o rights rom local

ommunities to the state. The Tanzanian state has repeatedly

sed its authority over mangrove orests to exert control over

uji Delta communities and resources. In 1987, or instance, the

orestry Division declared a ban on the cutting o all mangroves

n the northern Ruji Delta, with orest ocers posted to the area

o enorce this. The devolution o resource management to local

overnment, in combination with improved road access and

he opening-up o the Tanzanian economy, led to increasinglynsustainable use o the orests. By creating orest reserves or the

xclusive use o the government, local communities were eectively

xcluded rom using these socially, culturally, and economically

mportant resources. Meanwhile, various large-scale extractive

rojects have been proposed or the delta, including commercial

hrimp harvesting.

n the context o an increasing recognition o the value o common

roperty regimes, however, legislation changes during the late

990s introduced the principle o participatory orest management.

Community-based orest management and (CBFM) and joint orest

management (JFM) agreements were established across Tanzania,

llowing or the partial devolution o orest management to local

ommunities. The latter category takes place on reserved orest

and that is owned and managed by the national or district-level

overnments, typically through the Forestry and Beekeeping

Division. Village-level elected councils and environmental council

epresentatives can sign joint management agreements (JMAs) with

he state that establish cost and benet-sharing arrangements or

orest management.

The REMP intervention

Between 1998 and 2003, the Ruji Environment Managem

Project (REMP), implemented by Ruji District Council with na

support rom the government o the Netherlands and tech

assistance rom IUCN, promoted such a transer o authority

the central government to our pilot villages in Ruji District.

our villages - Mtanza-Msona, Jaja, Twasalie and Mbunjumvule

comprised several local communities in the foodplain and d

ecosystems aected by the fooding o the river downstream o

Selous Game Reserve, and also included several upland ores

local importance.

The projects goal was to promote the long-term conserv

through wise use o the lower Ruji orests, woodlands and wetlasuch that biodiversity is conserved, critical ecological unction

maintained, renewable natural resources are used sustainably,

the livelihoods o the areas inhabitants are secured and enhan

Various components o this included: environmental plan

and mapping within the foodplain and delta; implemen

pilot community development projects based on the sustain

use o natural resources; raising awareness o the import

o conservation at the village, district, and regional levels;

infuencing national policies on natural resource management.

The project was run rom the District Headquarters in Utet

the Ruji District Administration, through an Environme

Management Team coordinated by the District Executive Dire

Two technical advisers were employed by IUCN, while other pr

partners, including the National Environmental Managem

Council (NEMC), the Ruji Basin Development Authority (RUBA

the Royal Netherlands Embassy, and the Ministry o Na

Resources and Tourism collaborated ormally through

participation in the Project Steering Committee. Although R

Phase I ended in October 2003, the project let in place Vi

Environment Management Plans in its our pilot sites and a dis

level Environment Management Team that have sustained its

in Ruji District.

December April


6/12

6

Key Activities and Innovations

he projects chie objective was to support local communities

n increasing their legal control and management over land and

atural resources alling within their village lands, including sheries

s well as orested land. Open access to natural resources was

urtailed, replaced by communities taking on new responsibilities

or common property resources.

Participatory mapping

Central to this objective was the drawing up o Village Environmental

Management Plans (VEMPs). The land tenure situation in the Ruji

oodplain is historically complex. During Tanzanias Ujamaa policy

o the 1970s, communities had been moved rom the foodplain andesettled in the terraces as part o the villagisation scheme. During

he 1980s, many o these communities returned to the foodplain.

he result was that, in 1998, there were no maps accurately

isplaying the use o land by local communities, and the land tenure

ituation was unclear. This was particularly true in the foodplain,

which was considered under-utilised by the local authorities, but

was in act extensively cultivated by the local Waruji populations,

esulting in a patchwork o elds in use and in allow. The transer o

he management o natural resources had to be built on a thorough

nderstanding o prevailing land-use practices linked to zoning into

gro-ecological units. This would also help to better communicate to

policy makers the unctional use o space in the delta.

A two- pronged methodology was employed in which traditional

mapping exercises were combined with modern technology. Land-

se maps were collaboratively produced by teams o researchers,

overnment ocials, and the communities themselves using

andsat images, aerial photographs, detailed landscape analysis,

round-truthing, and incorporation o the results into a geographic

normation system (GIS). The mapping o the our areas by the

illagers themselves, equipped with GPS, was instrumental in their

ubsequent recognition as Village Forest Reserves. Another aim o the

participatory mapping exercise was to improve communication

the sharing o inormation between project managers, govern

institutions, villagers, and researchers, and to reach a conse

on the current land tenure situation. The highly participatory

mapping process proved to be an eective tool or improving t

channels o communication.


7/12

7

Impacts

BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS

The work o the Ruji Environment Management Programme took

place against a background o environmental threats to the deltas

esources. In the mid-1990s, the Arican Fishing Company (AFC)

proposed building the worlds largest shrimp aquaculture acility in

he Ruji Delta, which would have involved cutting 1,200 hectares o

mangroves or the construction o shrimp ponds. Tanzanias National

Environmental Management Council urged the government to

eject the project due to its negative impacts on orests, sh and the

marine environment, land use, water resources, and agriculture, and

he threat it would pose to the habitats o a variety o endangered

pecies. The damage was expected to outweigh the estimated USD00 million annual prots rom the project. Despite these objections,

he Tanzanian government approved the project.

Resistance to the scheme persisted, led by local protests against its

harmul environmental impacts. The proposal stood in contrast to

he wise-use practices being promoted through the Ruji project,

nd was opposed by Waruji communities who were reliant on the

deltas mangrove orests or their livelihoods. These protests held up

he implementation o the project until, in August 2001, the decision

was made to liquidate AFCs shipping vessels to oset the companys

debt that had accumulated due to the delay. This brought an end

o the project, ensuring that the deltas mangrove orests were

preserved.

Village-based sustainable resource management

Changed perceptions and recognition o the value o the deltas

natural resources to local populations was one positive impact o the

REMP intervention; awareness o the value o biodiversity increased

not only in the projects pilot villages and ecosystem sites, but across

he catchment area, encompassing almost 200,000 people. Village

management regime areas were introduced in the pilot villages,

based on the participatory land-use mapping, in which restrictions

on harvesting were ormalized in village bylaws. These areas sho

several signs o vegetative and aunal recovery within a ew y

o their implementation. Forests began to recover due to

prevention o re and illegal harvesting. The recovery o orests

woodland increased their value as habitats or biological divers

Special sites o high biodiversity were given ully protected st

urther protecting them rom harvesting. Two o these site

comprised o highly diverse East Arican lowland coastal

vegetation, and two comprise mangrove orests home to a

proportion o the marine species common to East Arica. Vi

natural resource scouts were appointed to advise comm

members against the orests misuse, including rom the usinappropriate shing practices, hunting, or logging. These sc

also played a role in monitoring wildlie, recording increases in

variety, numbers, and time spent in the village areas. These e

were supplemented by the projects international partners,

provided scientists to assist villagers in identiying which sp

are rare, endemic, and endangered. This inormation was use

gain national and international recognition o the sites, and to

urther unding or their protection.

A globally important site or coastal biodiversity

Cataloguing o the high biodiversity within the village areas

ollowed in late 2004 by the designation o the Ruji-Maa-KMarine Ramsar site. Two o the villages were included within

sites boundaries due to their exceptional diversity o bird lie

area was also internationally recognised as an Important Bird

while another village was identied as one o the most impo

East Arican sites or the critically endangered dugong. Incre

environmental awareness has had spillover eects or the Ra

site as a whole, in which ve species o globally threatened m

turtles have been recorded. Two o these - the globally threate

Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) and the endangered Haw

(Eretmochelys imbricate) populate nesting sites within the site


8/12

Positive environmental impacts were elt beyond the end o the

REMP intervention in 2003. An assessment carried out in the village

o Mtanza-Msona rom 2005 to 2008 ound the Village Environment

Committee continuing to oversee controls on shing, including

closed seasons on Lake Mtanza and Lake Makoge and limits on

permitted shing gear and practices, and orest conservation

oning. The Village Council was also playing an important role in the

management o a village-gazetted orest reserve north o the Ruji

River. The same assessment ound that the village area wetlands

upported a high level o species diversity.

The eorts o the REMP intervention played a key role in reversingrends leading to the Ruji Deltas environmental destruction,

ncluding both local pressures and commercial exploitation. In

he process, the project demonstrated the value o eectively

communicating results and ully engaging local stakeholders or

ntegrated conservation eorts.

SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS

The ull and active engagement o local communities depended in

arge part on their benetting rom the projects social and economic

components. The our villages, home to some 6,700 members in

2004, have gained a degree o legal and management control

over orests, woodlands, sheries and, to some extent, wildlie,within their village lands. For instance, Village Land Forest Reserves

have been established in which limited timber harvesting by

community members is permitted. The collection o revenues rom

icenses purchased or timber harvesting (and rom nes imposed

on those who have harvested timber without licenses) allowed

village governments to establish individual Village Environment

Committees, and to invest in community development projects

elected by village governing assemblies. Improved control and

ownership o natural resources has meant that harvests o timber

and sh can be planned to maximize the prices received.

These projects included wise use small-scale enterprises

were trialed by communities in collaboration with pa

organisations. Beekeeping and the sustainable improvemen

shery production rom lakes are two examples. Approximately

community members took up beekeeping, earning cash inc

twice a year rom their hives harvest o honey and wax. Honey

has nutritional and medicinal values or Waruji households.

village established a campsite to attract tourists, and has gene

revenue or village development projects while employing c

and security personnel on a casual basis.

Strengthening local institutions

REMP also saw improvements in governance at the local

regional levels. Civil participation in the management o the di

has improved, as the political chamber o the district autho

made up o locally-elected Ward Councillors, has become m

inormed on policies and laws governing natural resource

District ocials, meanwhile, have worked to raise the prole o

on the national stage, and have been heavily involved in sou

new and additional sources o unding or ecosystem managem

and or the development o sustainable enterprises. Finally a DisEnvironment Management Plan (DEMP), incorporating les

learned rom the villages, was drated by the district autho

This example o grassroots action guiding the management o

environment at the district level is indicative o the linkages o

between local communities and government authorities during

liespan o the REMP intervention.

8


9/12

Contributions to womens empowerment

ntegration o gender equality into every aspect o the initiative

meant that, in a deeply Islamic society characterized by low levels

human development, the role o women in decision-making

rocesses has vastly improved. Women served as natural resource

couts, supported and encouraged by their spouses. Beore REMP, the

dea o women piloting motor boats in the delta was unimaginable;

hanks to the projects policy o equal opportunity refected in equaludgets or providing training o both emale and male candidates

his has become a reality. REMP also saw other rsts, such as the rst

me women participated in community meetings alongside men,

nd the rst time the village o Jaja had equal numbers o women

nd men on its village government. Women have also participated in

qual numbers in presenting the work o REMP at Tanzanias National

armers Day event, and in providing trainings or other village

rojects across Tanzania. Women have also become beekeepers,

nding taboos on their visiting distant woodland areas. The Tilapia

shpond trials have allowed women to manage and receive prots

rom sh-arming or the rst time in their villages histories.

hrough negotiations in village assemblies involving project stand community members, and the principles advocated by REMP

eing refected in local governance, the gender divide in Ruji has

arrowed a little. The new sensitivity o male leaders and project sta

o the need to acilitate womens participation is one striking example

o this. Methods to encourage this include: providing childca

that women can attend meetings; running meetings in elds ra

than at the village centre; meeting women separately rom

spouses; encouraging womens caucuses; timing meetings to

womens household routines; asking men to remain at home an

their wives represent their households; and using communica

methods that do not rely on literacy.

Within the relatively restricted social circumstances o traditionreligion, in a region in which educational attainment remains

there is evidence that progress towards a lasting change in ge

relations has been made.

POLICY IMPACTS

The Ruji Environment Management Programme remain

important case study in Tanzania or demonstrating the pote

benets and challenges o the decentralisation o the manage

o natural resources to local communities. This is a model tha

requires perecting, however, and there has been criticism o the

o clarity over the extent o local access to resources. A recent s(Beymar-Farris and Bassett, 2011) criticized the Joint Managem

Agreements at the heart o the Ruji case as an example o

unequal balance o power between government institutions

local communities. Ruji armers are restricted rom acces

reserve areas or cultivation, limiting their livelihood opt

Villagers have also stated that the Forestry and Beekeeping Div

bears the sole responsibility or distributing licenses or log

mangrove poles. This has created the impression that the ro

villagers as co-managers o orests is not taken seriously.

One serious policy gap concerns uncertainty over land tenur

the deltas communities. While they have limited access righ

use orest reserves, settlements within these reserves have b

declared illegal, oten ignoring both the presence o ancestral b

grounds and ormally registered village land certicates. This

been exacerbated in recent years by schemes proposed or clim

change mitigation within the delta. The Ruji Delta is listed as

o six Tanzanian sites or Reducing Emission rom Deoresta

and Forest Degradation (REDD) pilot projects. Proposed ideas

entailed replanting mangrove orests, bringing the governmen

confict with local villagers who rely on the land or rice arm

Until the land situation in the delta is claried, with impro

tenurial rights granted to local communities in line with the

use mapping results o the REMP project, the benets o impro

environmental management will remain limited.

9


10/12

10

Sustainability and Replication

SUSTAINABILITY

ince the project was implemented and managed by district, regional

nd village governments, rather than imposing new external sta,

he skills and attitude changes wrought by REMP have survived in

uji beyond the end o the project. The our Village Environment

Management Plans have been approved by Village Assemblies, Ward

Development Committees, and the District Council and, through

heir supportive bylaws, are enshrined in law. The management o

atural resources by the village governments was rooted in local

apacities and has been a sustainable output o the project.

he project also had large-scale capacity-building impacts. Natural

esource monitoring and management, communication, good

overnance, and technical enterprise skills such as sheries andeekeeping skills have been adopted by a critical mass o community

members, who in turn have also trained others. This means that

he skills have been passed on without project support. Technical

nnovations, such as beekeeping, sheries, smoking kilns, and

nergy-saving stoves have also been in sustained use since 2003,

nd have oten been adapted to t local conditions.

A case study in the legacy o REMP

he lasting eects o REMPs work in the delta are best seen in the

illage o Mtanza-Msona, one o the our pilot villages in 1998.

ts Village Environment Committee and Village Environment

Management Plan have sustained the wise-use principles o

nvironmental management enshrined in the initial project. With

ontinued support rom the IUCN Regional Oce or Eastern

nd Southern Arica and the IUCN Tanzania Oce, a project team

ndertook an extensive, integrated assessment o the biodiversity,

velihood and economic value o local wetlands between 2005 and

008. The project was unded by the UK government through the

Darwin Initiative. The study ound evidence o local management

nd conservation activities, although also detailed the various on-

ite and o-site actors that continue to threaten the ecosystem

ealth o the wetlands.


11/12

1111

PARTNERS

Mtanza-Msona, Jaja, Twasalie and Mbunjumvuleni

he villages, through their respective governments, user groups,

lanning teams, environment committees, and natural resource

couts, implemented the village environment management

lanning approach at the core o the REMP project. They played

eading roles in the participatory identication o natural resources,

pportunities and problem analysis, planning and review o project

ctivities, and the implementation o wise usage plans.

Ruji District Council

he executive and the political wings o the Ruji District Council

layed important roles in the success o REMP. The executive arm

rovided technical support to the villagers, either rom their own

ta or by bringing in outside expertise. Examples o technical

kills taught included good governance practices, monitoring

water levels, managing sh stocks, taking the height o trees, the

se o GPS, and drating and establishing bylaws. The willingness

district sta to expand their own realms o proessional interest

o research an extended variety o topics contributed hugely to the

olistic approach o the project. For instance, crops and livestock

cers were willing to nd answers to orest and wildlie issues thathallenged the villagers, meaning that the villagers access to a wide

ange o inormation was greatly increased. The lively exchange o

normation and opinions by ocers rom all sectors relating to the

nvironment at monthly Environment Management Team meetings

reatly contributed to this cross-sectoral approach o the project.

he political and decision-making wing o the District Council the

ouncillors who represented the communities played a vital role in

upporting village initiatives, appraising their plans, and ultimately

pproving bylaws.

IUCN The World Conservation Union

IUCN provided technical assistance or the duration o the pro

On-the-ground technical assistance was invaluable in provi

on-the-job training to district sta and to villagers, and in brin

them access to national and international innovations. The pro

oten applied the most up-to-date techniques and technologie

one o the most isolated and least developed districts o Tanz

IUCN also helped to convey the work o the project to a w

audience through its website, reports, and scientic publicatio

international journals.

Important of-site partners

Apart rom the three major on-site partners, others pla

important roles in REMPs success. They included the Nati

Environment Management Council, which supported REMP

technical assistance and was an active member o the Pro

Steering Committee. The Government o the Netherlands was

main project donor, while other donations were received rom

Hoag Family Foundation. Other members o the steering comm

included the Ministry o Natural Resources and Tourism and

National Planning Commission. Leadership was also seen at

regional level: the Chairperson o the Project Steering Commwas the Regional Administrative Secretary or the Coast Reg

assisted by the Regional Natural Resources Adviser, both o w

oversaw the roles played by dierent partners and ensured

plans and budgets were adhered to.


12/12

FURTHER REFERENCE

Mbiha, E.R. and Senkondo, E.M.M. 2001. A Socioeconomic Prole o the Ruji Floodplain and Delta. http://www.academicjournals

ajhc/E-books/2012/Mar/AJHC-%20March%202012%20Issue.pd

Duvail, S., Hamerlynck, O., Nandi, R.X.L., Mwambeso, P., Elibariki, R. 2006. Participatory Mapping or Local Management o Natura

sources in Villages o the Ruji District (Tanzania) http://www.ejisdc.org/ojs2/index.php/ejisdc/article/viewFile/242/163

Richmond, M.D., Wilson, J.D.K., Mgaya, Y.D. & Le Vay, L. 2002. An analysis o smallholder opportunities in sheries, coastal and re

enterprises in the foodplain and delta areas o the Ruji River, Tanzania.

Jane, K. Turpie, 2000. The Use and Value o Natural Resources o the Ruji Floodplain and Delta, Ruji District, Tanzania. http://w

equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/2004winners/Ruji_Env_Proj/use_and_value_natural_res_ruji.pdKasthala, G., Hepelwa, A., Hamiss, H., Kwayu, E., Emerton, L., Springate-Baginski, O., Allen, D., and W. Darwall. 2008. An integrate

sessment o the biodiversity, livelihood and economic value o wetlands in Mtanza-Msona Village, Tanzania. Tanzania Country O

International Union or Conservation o Nature, Dar es Salaam.

Equator Initiative

Environment and Energy GroupUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

304 East 45th Street, 6th Floor

New York, NY 10017

Tel: +1 646 781-4023

www.equatorinitiative.org

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the UNs global development network, advocating or change and

necting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better lie.

The Equator Initiative brings together the United Nations, governments, civil society, businesses and grassroots organizati

o recognize and advance local sustainable development solutions or people, nature and resilient communities.

2012 by Equator Initiative

All rights reserved

Click the thumbnails below to read more case studies like this:
http://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348261589.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348151655.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348163605.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348151357.pdf

case studies undp: rufiji environment management project, tanzania

Documents