case study pakistan model shariah governance framework.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
-
Case Study: Shariah
Governance Framework of
Pakistan
Ahmed Ali SiddiquiExecutive Vice President and Head of
Product Development & Shariah Compliance
Meezan Bank Limited
-
Overview: Islamic Banking in Pakistan
Pakistan, in recent years has showed strong inclination towards Islamic
Banking
The first Commercial Islamic Bank in the country was established in the
2002
within 13 years only, the Islamic Banking share is more than 10% of
the entire Banking Industry
Over the last decade, Islamic Banks have been successful in providing
end to end alternatives to all conventional banking products
-
Overview: Islamic Banking in Pakistan
The support from the central bank of the country is one of the major factors of the
rapid growth of Islamic Banking industry
With more than 1400+ Islamic Banking branches and a 20%+ growth in deposits,
assets, financing and investments, the Pakistani Islamic Banking industry is set to
become the hub of Islamic Banking of the region
Shariah compliance is the single most important aspect for the Islamic Banking &
Finance industry
-
Steps Taken for Promotion of Islamic Banking by SBP
Establishment of a Shariah Board & a separate Islamic Banking Department at SBP to directly
supervise & monitor the Islamic Banking industry
Instructions for Shariah Compliance in IBIs.
5 year Strategic Plan for Islamic Banking Institutions
Introduction of Shariah Governance Framework
Adoptions of AAOIFI Standards.
Islamic Export Refinance Scheme
Media Campaign for Promotion of Islamic Banking
Islamic Open Market Operation Liquidity Management Solution
Minimum capital requirement
Center of Excellence for Islamic Finance
-
Shariah Governance Framework in Pakistan
Pakistans central bank has been encouraging Islamic banking in the
country and supporting the growth by means of policy making and
overcoming the awareness challenges that exist in the masses
In order to promote interest free banking, the central bank has
introduced a Shariah governance framework
The purpose of Shariah governance framework was to strengthen a
Shariah compliance environment for Islamic Financial institutions. The
Shariah framework is applicable to full fledge Islamic banks, Islamic
banking subsidiaries and Islamic banking divisions of conventional
banks
-
Objectives & Significance
Primary objective of Shariah governance framework is to strengthen the
overall Shariah compliance environment in the IBIs and explicitly define
the roles and responsibilities of various organs of IBIs including:
1. The Board of Directors (BOD),
2. Executive management (EM),
3. Shariah Board (SB),
4. Shariah Compliance Department (SCD) and
5. Internal and external auditors towards Shariah compliance
Confidence to general public about Shariah conformity of IslamicBanking Institutions product and services
SBP ensures the operations of IBIs in accordance to the rules andprinciples of Shariah
-
Major Highlights
An effective mechanism for the BOD
Accountability of executive management
An independent and effective Shariah Board appointed as per Fit and Proper Criteria
(FAPC) of SBP
A Shariah Compliance Department to assist the SB and to serve as conduit between
the SB and the management of the IBI
Shariah compliance review mechanism
An independent Internal Shariah Audit Unit (ISAU)
External Shariah Audit to be undertaken along with the annual audit of the IBI
-
Role of Board of Directors
BoD is responsible to ensure that operations of the institution are in
conformity with Shariah principles
BoD must introduce effective mechanism for the proper functioning of
the framework
The BoD must be aware of their fiduciary responsibility towards
Investment Account Holders/ Profit and Loss Sharing depositors and
must introduce risk management system to safeguard the rights of the
IAHs
BoD is also required to appoint a Shariah Board that will advise them on
all Shariah related measures
-
Role of Executive Management
The executive management is responsible for the implementation of the
framework
Executives must ensure that adequate training is provided to the
employees
Accountable and responsible for implementation of the SB
decisions/Fatawa relating to his group/functional area
Executives must show no tolerance in case of Shariah non-compliance
and must take needed actions against individuals who have failed to
comply with the Shariah guidelines
-
Shariah Board
Shariah board consists of qualified and expert Shariah scholars
Shariah governance framework of Pakistan indicates that Shariah board
will consist of at least 3 Shariah scholars
The purpose of Shariah Board is to guide the executive management on
all Shariah related measures and all the decisions taken by the Shariah
Board are binding on the IBI
The Shariah board will ensure that products and services, contracts,
structure, process flows, product manuals, marketing advertisements,
sales, illustrations and brochures etc are in conformity with the rules and
principles of Shariah
-
Shariah Board
All the reports of internal Shariah audit and Shariah compliance reviews
should be submitted to the Shariah board for recommending appropriate
action
Shariah board has to prepare a report on IBIs Shariah compliance
environment. The report shall be signed by all the members of the
Shariah board and must be published in the IBIs annual report
-
Resident Shariah Board Member
The Shariah board shall appoint one of its members other than the
chairperson as Resident Shariah Board Member (RSBM). The RSBM will
provide guidance in day to day Shariah related affairs
It also provide post product approval clarification on various Shariah
related issues and queries of management, staff and approve routine
document, process flows, etc
Shariah compliance department is lead and advised by RSMB in
conducting Shariah compliance reviews of key business areas on sample
and test check basis
Supervise the preparation of Shariah training material and collaborate
with SCD and training department in designing and delivering of Shariah
related trainings
-
Shariah Compliance Department
The department will review all the proposals and related agreements,
contracts, manuals, process flows, checklists etc submitted by
management before presenting them to the SB for approval
The Shariah compliance department shall submit all internal and
external Shariah audit reports on Shariah compliance to the Shariah
board
The Shariah compliance department is also responsible for the
implementation of the actions recommended by the Shariah board
-
Internal Shariah Audit
It is necessary for every IBI to have an Internal Shariah Audit Unit
(ISAU) which maybe a part of internal audit department or an
independent unit depending on the size of the bank
The Shariah auditor have a unique role and position in the operational
assessment of banks, their role in providing feedback on strategy can be
enhanced
Head of ISAU will report to the head of Internal Audit or Board Audit
Committee (BAC)
ISAU will prepare a separate Shariah Audit Plan and the final Shariah
audit report shall be submitted to the Shariah Board for prescribing
appropriate actions
-
External Shariah Audit
An external auditor will evaluate the Shariah governance environment of
the bank and will provide an objective evaluation. External auditors
assessment will be published in annual audited accounts
The role of external Shariah audit is to evaluate finance statement,
Shariah governance processes, organizational structure, people, process
and IT
External Shariah audit is conducted to enable the opinion that the
operations of IFIs are conducted in accordance with the fatwas, rulings
and guidelines issued by the relevant authorities
-
Conflict Resolution
The decisions and Fatawa of the Shariah board are obligatory on the IBI.
However in case of difference of opinion between the Shariah board and
the IBIs management on any Shariah related matter, the fatwa/opinion
of the Shariah board etc, the issue shall be referred to the SBP Shariah
Board for decision
-
JazakAllah!!