catalog interiorpgs v6

7/25/2019 Catalog InteriorPgs V6

1/24

Proud to be a Miner


2/24

Ridgeback Marathon TM

Series Blasthole Bits

DW/QMC

Product Range

RX Exploration

Bit Series

PH Pilot Bit

Series

Pages 16 - 19

Pages 3 - 9

Page 10

Page 11

Steel Tooth

Product Range

Page 11

Additional Useful

Data

Pages 12 - 15

Table of Contents

A Brief

Introduction

Pages 1 - 2


3/24

1

Mission

StatementTo deliver the best value to served

customers and markets,

finding the optimum balance ofperformance and price, which

will result in the most effective

solution to their drilling needs.

Vision

Statement

To establish a culture of continuous

improvement which provides ever-increasing value to our customers.

We will meet or exceed the expectations of our

customers, employees and shareholders in performance, quality,

services, technology and opportunity by conducting

our business in a safe and professional manner

that supports our community and respects the environment.

Our Mission and Vision will be accomplished

by aligning and achieving goals tied to

our critical success factors.

Continuous Improvement Culture

Innovation

Workforce Competency

Reliability

Communications

Varel:

A Bit of a

Success StoryFounded in 1947, Varel is recognized as the worlds largest

independent drill bit company serving clients in both the

oil & gas and mining industries. Based in Carrollton, Texas,

Varel was privately held by the Varel family until 1998. Two

subsequent acquisitions have positioned the

company as a world leader in drill bit technology.

The company provides a comprehensive range of of roller

cone and polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits and

has manufacturing facilities in Carrollton and Houston;

Matamoras, Mexico; and Tarbes, France.

Using patented drill bit technologies and emerging drillinginnovations, Varel aligns its engineering and manufacturing

capabilities to provide high-quality products that deliver

reliable performance at the lowest drilling cost.

WWW.VAREL.COM


4/24

Development

of Varel rock bits

in recent years

Varel acquired WalkerMcDonald, and became the

world's second largestvolume producer of three cone

bits for the mining industry.

1947 - 1998After its foundation in 1947, Varel

International remaineda family owned business

until 1998.Varel produced its first air to the

bearing bits shortly after itsfoundation, and in 1978

developed the first range of sealedbearing products.

Building on the success ofthe Ridgeback series, theintroduction of the new

Ridgeback MarathonTM Seriescombines many of the existing

field-proven features, plus anew high load bearing package,

reinforced gage andshirttail protection features.These features are aimed at

increasing performance indemanding high pull-down and

high performance TDC (totaldrilling cost) situations.

2

The introduction of the VarelRidgeback series produced the firsteneration of advanced technologyfeatures directed towards longerlife bearings, improved cutting

ructures, and the famous Ridgebackhirttail concept. All of these featuresreatly assist hole cleaning resulting

in extended bit life.

2000

1999

2004


5/24

3

Why develop a new blast hole bit series?

InnovativeConcepts

Backed by years of field-proven technology and expertise, Varel

has become a leading provider of high performance drill bits.

Our technological advances embrace the use of highly

sophisticated computer technology, premium raw materials

and thousands of "on the job man hours", all geared towards

reducing our customers cost of drilling.


6/24

4

INTRODUCING

RIDGEBACK MARATHON

TM

SERIES

Varel International is presently introducing a new line

of three cone bits designed for the blasthole industry.

These products, the Ridgeback MarathonTM

series,

feature the most advanced features available today

in air circulation rock bits.

New advances in computer technology have

allowed Varel to develop proprietary rock bit

design software that enables design changes to be

introduced rapidly. This exclusive software aids

the engineer with bit design analysis and includes

such factors as drill operating parameters, bit

geometry and mine lithology.

By using this software Varels engineers are able to

predict the effects of design modifications and

limit the risks associated with new product

development.

RIDGEBACK

DESIGN

TECHNOLOGY

CarbideShirttailProtection

Main RollerBearing

Ball

Bearing

2nd RollerBearing

AirPassageways

Air Vent Holes

High Energy Tumbling

Thrust Faces

ThrustButton


7/24

5

Enhanced CutterDesignThe Ridgeback Marathon

TMdesign

process provides the highestpenetration rates and longestlife available.

Maximum GageProtection

SRT (Semi Round Top) tungstencarbide and welded hardmetalprovide superior wear resistance tothe shirttail area. This feature isparticularly effective in formationswhich tend to cave in, or whenhole bailing is a problem.

Advanced BearingDesignAll Ridgeback Marathon

TMrock bits

incorporate bearings designed tominimize heating. The wearelements feature advancedmaterials to give the maximumbearing life under a wide varietyof operating conditions.

Improved ThrustCapacityBearing thrust capacity is oftenthe limiting factor in bearing life.Ridgeback Marathon

TMbits feature

an improved thrust face designwhich minimizes outward thrustwear to prolong bearing life.

High Energy TumblingTM

Precision manufactured inserts arefurther processed for maximum toughness.Varels HETTM - High Energy Tumbling process(patent pending) - gives the inserts a uniquesurface toughness that extends bit life.

Vented ConesVented cones are standard in allRidgeback and Ridgeback Marathon

TM

series bits 9 and larger in diameter.Vented cones allow a continuous airflow throughout the bearings toprovide better cooling andcleaning.See page 18 for recommended

nozzle sizes when using bits

with vented cones.

RIDGEBACK MARATHONTM

SER IES FEATURES AND BENEF ITS

Increased penetration

Larger cuttings

Less dust

Longer bit life

Cuttings suitable for stemming

The R idgebackMarathon

TM

Advantage


8/24

6

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS: 2,000 - 10,000 (psi)

DRILLING SPEEDS: 70 to 120 rpm

JET CIRCULATION: All sizes

DRILLING WEIGHTS: 2,000 to 4,000 (lbs/inch of bit diameter)

GAGE TYPES: CHISEL

FEATURES: Maximum extension conical inner row inserts provide for ultra high ratesof penetration in ultra soft formations without stringers.

High performance roller-ball-roller bearing with tungsten carbide thrust button andpremium rollers. These advanced features maximize bearing capacity and air flow;resisting wear and prolonging bearing life.

Patented Ridgeback feature for enhanced cuttings removal. SRT tungsten carbide insertsand welded hardmetal provide superior wear resistance to the shirttail, even in formationswhich tend to cave in, or when hole bailing is a problem.10 5/8 - RB30





GAGE TYPES: CHISEL

12 1/4 - RB50

All soft formation bits are designed with aggressive cutterprofiles to provide extremely high penetration rates.

RB50

RB30





GAGE TYPES: CHISEL

FEATURES: Large diameter, very long extension chisel inserts for very high ratesof penetration.

High Performance roller-ball-roller bearing with tungsten carbide thrust button, andpremium rollers. These advanced features maximize bearing capacity; resisting wearand prolonging bearing life.

Patented Ridgeback feature for enhanced cuttings removal. SRT tungsten carbideinserts and welded hardmetal provide superior wear resistance to the shirttail, even informations which tend to cave in, or when hole bailing is a problem.12 1/4 - RB40

RB40

FEATURES: Long extension conical inner row inserts provide for very high rates ofpenetration in soft formations.


Patented Ridgeback feature for enhanced cuttings removal. SRT tungsten carbide insertsand welded hardmetal provide superior wear resistance to the shirttail, even in formationswhich tend to cave in, or when hole bailing is a problem.

SOFT FORMATION INSERT BITS


9/24

7





GAGE TYPES: CHISEL

FEATURES: Long extension conical inner row inserts provide for high rates ofpenetration while maintaining excellent durability and long wear life.

High performance roller-ball-roller bearing with tungsten carbide thrust button andpremium rollers. These advanced features maximize bearing capacity and airflow;resisting wear and prolonging bearing life.






GAGE TYPES: CONICAL

Medium formation bits are most commonly used in themining industry, and provide long bearing life withadditional insert strength for consolidated formations.

RB53





GAGE TYPES: CONICAL

FEATURES: Large diameter, medium extension conical inner row inserts balancedurability with high rates of penetration.

High performance roller-ball-roller bearing with tungsten carbide thrust button, andpremium rollers. These advanced features maximize bearing capacity and airflow; resistingwear and prolonging bearing life.

Patented Ridgeback feature for enhanced cuttings removal. SRT tungsten carbide insertsand welded hardmetal provide superior wear resistance to the shirttail, even in formationswhich tend to cave in, or when hole bailing is a problem.

12 1/4 - RB60

RB60

MEDIUM FORMATION INSERT BITS

9 7/8 - RB60G

FEATURES: Large diameter, medium extension conical inner row inserts balance durabilitywith high rates of penetration.

High performance roller-ball-roller bearing with tungsten carbide thrust button, and premiumrollers. These advanced features maximize bearing capacity and airflow; resisting wear andprolonging bearing life.

On G package bits, the Nobby or Sidewinder feature replaces the Ridgeback leg design,providing maximum wear resistance for backreaming and other exceptionally demanding

applications.

RB60G


10/24





GAGE TYPES: CONICAL

FEATURES: Large diameter, medium extension conical inner row insertsbalance durability with high rates of penetration.



COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS: 50,000 (psi) and harder




GAGE TYPES: OVOID

All hard formation bits are designed with tough lowextension cutter profiles to provide maximum durabilityin hard formations.

RB80/RB80G

RB67





GAGE TYPES: CONICAL

FEATURES: Blunt conical inner rows provide high durability withoutsacrificing penetration.



12 1/4 - RB80G

RB70

FEATURES: Maximum durability is achieved with this tough, all ovoid cutting structure.


On G package bits the Nobby or Sidewinder feature replaces the Ridgeback leg designproviding maximum wear resistance for backreaming and other exceptionallydemanding applications.

HARD / VERY HARD FORMATION

8


11/24

INSERT B IT PRODUCT L INE

G SER IES PRODUCT L INE

6 3/4

7 3/8

7 7/8

9

9 7/8

10 5/8

11

11 3/8

12 1/4

13 3/4

16

3 1/2

3 1/2

4 1/2

4 1/2

6 5/8

6 5/8

6 5/8

6 5/8

6 5/8

6 5/8

7 BECO

171

187

200

229

251

270

280

289

311

349

406.4

RB30

RB30

RB30

RB30

RB40

RB40

RB40

RB40

RB40

RB40

RB40

RB50

RB50

RB50

RB50

RB50

RB53

RB53

RB53

RB53

RB53

RB53

RB60

RB60/60G

RB60/60G

RB60/60G

RB60

RB60

RB60

RB60

RB60

RB63

RB80G

RB80G

RB67

RB67

RB67

RB67

RB70

RB70

RB70

RB70

46

58

76

96

145

157

193

210

225

292

580

21

26

35

43

66

72

88

95

102

134

264

DiameterInches mm

Approx Wtlbs kg

Pin Size2 31 2 31 2 31

RIDGEBACK MARATHONTM

SERIES

SOFT MEDIUM HARDInches

9

The above product range represents the bits which were available when this catalogue was published.Varel is continually expanding and developing its range of products. For an updated availability list, please contacta Varel sales representative/agent, or consult our Web site at - WWW.VARELINTL.COM

The G series includes many of our Marathon features with additional gage protection and a heavyduty Nobby or Sidewinder leg design.

Designed for extremely abrasive applications and drilling conditions where difficult hole cleaning, orextreme formations, require maximum shirttail protection.

Sidew inder Nobby R idgeback


12/24

0

2 15/16- 3

3 7/8

4

4 1/4

4 1/2

4 3/4

4 7/8

5 1/8

5 5/8

5 7/8

6

6 1/4

N Rod

2 3/8

2 3/8

2 3/8

2 3/8

2 7/8

2 7/8

2 7/8

3 1/2

3 1/2

3 1/2

3 1/2

75-76

98

101

108

114

121

123

130

143

149

152

159

DW531

QMC9

DW9

DW7

DW7

DW7

DW7 QMC7

QMC7

DW7 QMC7

DW7 QMC7

DW7

DW7

QMC7

M60

DWH

DWH

8

10

10

12

13

15

15

17

27

27

36

36

3.6

4.5

4.5

5.5

5.8

6.8

6.8

7.7

12.2

12.2

16.3

16.3

DiameterInches mm

Approx Wtlbs kg

Pin Size2 31 2 31 2 31

VAREL DW/QMC SERIES

SOFT MEDIUM HARD

QMC53ET

DW53ET

QMC76

Please note that all QMC series products may be slightly oversize. All DW series products are made strictly to

API tolerance standard.

QMC76QMC7/DW7QMC9/DW9 DWHQMC53ET/DW53ET


13/24

1

REVERSE C IRCUL AT ION B ITS

Varel has developed a range of reverse circulation bits

with various bearing packages. These bits are suitable

for soft/medium formation drilling and have:

Open non-sealed roller bearings,

Semi sealed non-compensated roller bearings,

Fully sealed compensated journal bearings.

Varel provides a range of products for reverse circulationapplications. These bits are developed to provide exceptionalperformance in a wide variety of formations typicallyencountered during mineral exploration. The center hole is themaximum diameter possible for superior hole cleaning andcuttings retrieval. All RX and RXS circulation bits are precisionmachined to work with most existing R/C systems.

Products featuring both sealed and open bearings areavailable. Varel fully sealed bearing products for reversecirculation applications feature fully pressure compensated,non serviceable lubrication supplied to the industrys mostsophisticated journal bearing. The bearing features hardmetalinlays on all contact surfaces with silver-plated cone bearings,specially formulated seal compounds, and high-temperaturelubricant. The bearings and seals are developed for long life.

Open bea r ing products f ea ture prec i s ion ro l l e rbearings with special thrust elements to prevent axial wear.The cones are retained by ball bearings and the pilot pinfeatures hardmetal inlays against a tool steel bushing.

Regardless of bearing type, the cutting structures on all reversec i r cu la t ion products a re des igned to prov ide acombination of fast penetration and durability. These bits

consistently provide the lowest cost per foot of drilled hole inmineral exploration applications.

5 3/8 - RX53

5 1/8"

5 1/8"

5 1/4"

5 1/4"

5 3/8"

5 3/8"

5 1/2"

5 1/2"

3 7/8"

4 3/4"

4 3/4"

4 3/4"

5 5/8"

5 3/4"

5 7/8"

6"

6 1/8"

6 1/8"

6 1/4"

6 1/2"

RX53

RXS53

RX53

RXS53

RX53

RXS53

RX53

RXS53

ETD24

ETD24

ETD35

ETD48

ETD34

ETD34

ETD34

ETD34

ETD34

ETD34

ETD34

ETD34

SOFT

SOFT

SOFT

SOFT

SOFT

SOFT

SOFT

SOFT

MEDIUM

MEDIUM

MED/HARD

HARD

MED/HARD

MED/HARD

MED/HARD

MEDIUM

MEDIUM

HARD

MEDIUM

HARD

OPEN

SEALED*

OPEN

SEALED*

OPEN

SEALED*

OPEN

SEALED*

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

SEALED**

Sizeof Bit Type Formation Bearing

REVERSE CIRCULATION

AND EXPLORATION

BIT AVAILABILITY

* Semi sealed bearing withoutcompensator system.

** Fully sealed bearing withcompensator system.

SEALED BEAR ING P ILOT HOLE B ITS

Premium Sealed Bearing Pilot Hole Bits

Varel Internationals oilfield and mining experience provides aselection of sealed bearing journal bits designed for drillingthe most demanding raise bore pilot holes, blind bore pilot

holes, and underground drill and blast holes.

Each bit is designed with a premium sealed bearing systemincluding a pressure compensator. The premium bearingpackage features advanced metallurgy with frictional elementssilver-plated to reduce frictional heat generation and provideresistance to galling under high loads. O-ring seals made froma proprietary HSN elastomer provide extremely long seal life.

The PH80 series features blunt dome-shaped inserts toprovide a durable cutting structure for maximum crushing and

chipping action while minimizing wear. Varels PH60 bitsutilize conical and/or chisel shaped inserts for increasedpenetration rates in softer formations. Extra hardmetal andcarbide inserts are installed in the surface of the shirttail to

provide superior seal protection.

12 1/4"

12 1/4"

11"

9"

PH80

PHR80*

PH60 - PH80

PH80

Bit Sizes Bit Type

CURRENT

PILOT BIT

AVAILABILITY

* Sealed roller bearing bit for Boxhole

applications.

All Varel premium pilot bits incorporate

specially formulated highly saturated

nitrile elastomers and high temperature

lubricants.

(New diameters and models are under

development. Please consult your

nearest representative.)

12 1/4 - PH80


14/24

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS: 500 to 3,000 (psi)


JET CIRCULATION: all sizes


GAGE TYPES: A Tooth

FEATURES: Long, slim, widely spaced teeth. All teeth are hard faced. Skewed coneaction for high penetration rates.

FORMATIONS: Soft limestones, soft clays, red beds, soft shales, shells and otherformations with relatively low compressive strengths.

L111

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS: 1,000 to 5,000 (psi)

DRILLING SPEEDS: 50 to 100 rpmJET CIRCULATION: 5 1/8 and larger


GAGE TYPES: A Tooth

FORMATIONS: Engineered for rugged drilling in a wide variety of formations.

Varels soft formation steel tooth bits have longaggressive forged teeth with maximum offsetto give high penetration rates.

V3MO

L111



ALL REGULAR CIRCULATION: 4 1/2 and larger


GAGE TYPES: A Tooth

FEATURES: Long slim, widely spaced teeth. Teeth are less widely spaced in smallerdiameters. All teeth are hard faced. Skewed cone action for high penetration rates.

FORMATIONS: Soft limestones, soft clays, red beds, soft shales, shells and otherformations with relatively low compressive strengths.

L3S

L3S

FEATURES: All teeth are hard faced with extra heavy deposits of tungsten carbidefor long life. Additional gage hard metal assures more protection for the shirttails.Spacing and angle of teeth allow for durability and long life.

SOFT FORMATION STEEL TOOTH BITS

2

V3M0


15/24

1



ALL REGULAR CIRCULATION: 2 7/8 and larger


GAGE TYPES; A Tooth

FEATURES: Moderately skewed cone design. Teeth hard-faced on one flank to resistabrasion. Vented A type gage gives high rates of penetration.

FORMATIONS: Wide range of medium formations such as altered limestones,shales, anhydrite and other formations with medium compressive strengths.

L2

Medium series bits have A or T teeth for wear resistance.Hard formation bits have L or T shaped heel row teeth forhard formations, double T heel row teeth for hard and abrasiveformations.

L2

MEDIUM & HARD FORMATION TOOTH BITS



REGULAR CIRCULATION: All sizes


GAGE TYPES: A Tooth

FEATURES: Designed to conform to latest drilling techniques requiring heavierweights. Similar in design to the LH1, but does not have webbed heel row.

FORMATIONS: Specifically designed for fast penetration in formations that arehard, but not particularly abrasive.

L1

L1



REGULAR CIRCULATION: All sizes


GAGE TYPES: Double T

FORMATIONS:: Hard formations such as pyrite, chert,dolomites, granite porphyryand other formations which have high compressive strengths and are abrasive.

LH1

LH1

FEATURES: Closely spaced, strong short teeth for maximum crushing and chipping.


16/24

2 7/8

2 15/16

3

3 1/4

3 1/2-3 5/8

3 3/4

3 7/8-4 1/8

4 1/4

4 1/2

4 5/8

4 3/4

4 7/8-5

5 1/8-5 1/4

5 1/2

5 5/8

5 3/4

5 7/8

6

6 1/8

6 1/4

6 1/26 3/4

7 7/8

13 3/4

17 1/2

22

24

26

34

36

N Rod

N Rod

N Rod

N Rod

2 3/8

2 3/8

2 3/8

2 3/8

2 3/8

2 7/8

2 7/8

2 7/8

2 7/8

2 7/8

3 1/2

3 1/2

3 1/2

3 1/2

3 1/2

3 1/2

3 1/23 1/2

4 1/2

6 5/8

6 5/8 or 7 5/8

7 5/8

7 5/8

7 5/8 or 8 5/8

7 5/8 or 8 5/8

7 5/8 or 8 5/8

73

75

76

79-82

89-92

95

98-105

108

114

117

121

123-127

130-133

140

143

146

149

152

156

159

165171

200

349

445

559

610

660

863

914

L3S

L121*

L111*

L111*

L111*

L111*

L3A

L3A

V3S0

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2

L2L2

L2

L211*

LH1

LH1

LH1

LH1

LH1

LH1

LH1

LH1

LH1

L1

L1

L1

L1

V3M0

4

4

4

4 1/4

9

9

9

10

11

11

16

16

17

17

22

22

22

26

26

29

2933

62

292

450

891

1125

1300

2200

2400

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.9

4.1

4.1

4.1

4.5

5

5

7.3

7.3

7.7

7.7

10

10

10

11.8

11.8

13.2

13.215

28

133

204

404

510

589

1000

1100

Diameter

Inches mm

Approx Wt

lbs kg

Pin Size

2 31 2 31 2 31

*= JET BITS

STEEL TOOTH BIT PRODUCT LINE

SOFT MEDIUM HARD

The above chart represents commonly available sizes and types. Varel International does produce other sizes and types of rock bits which do notappear on this list. Please consult your local representative or visit our Web site - WWW.VARELINTL.COM

If you have custom requirements for a specific application, please contact your local sales representative/agent.

4


17/24

FEATURES

Whether you are using air, water, foam or mud for circulation purposes,Varel has a full range of bits suitable for your needs.

Regular Center Fluid CirculationVarel regular circulation bits provide efficient

circulation of fluid through the center of the bit to

clean the teeth and the bottom of the hole. Available

in full opening or three drilled hole courses.

Regular Air CirculationVarel air blast circulation bits provide a balanced

supply of air to the bearings for cooling.

A balanced supply of air also is directed to clean

the cutters and the bottom of the hole. Back flow

valve is available with this design.

Jet Circulation Fluid or AirVarel jet circulation bits are engineered for use

with high pressure fluid or air. The precision

nozzles direct the velocity of the fluid or air at

the bottom of the hole for efficient cleaning.

Forged Teeth, unique to Varel

Varel pioneered the research and development offorged teeth for steel tooth rotary cone

bits. This technique, illustrated in thechemically etched section above, is arecognized advance in metallurgical design,resulting in stronger, uniformly compressed and

unbroken flow lines in bit teeth.

These stronger teeth produce longer bit life and

faster penetration.

Optional Features

1. Jet Circulation: Specify air or fluid circulation.

2. Regular (center) Circulation: Specify fluid or air circulation and full hole or orifice plate.

3. Reverse Circulation: Precision machined to customer specifications.

4. Removable back flow valve.

5. BECO Pin thread connection.

1


18/24

6

DULL B IT GRADING

Broken LegThis condition is the resultof a dropped bit, or hitting

a ledge, or hittinga down hole fracture.

Rounded GageA common dull mode for rockbits used in abrasive

applications is gage wear.This condition is aggravated byhigh rotary speeds and/or poor

hole cleaning. Excessive gagewear often leads to

bearing failure.

Cone Drag

The extreme cone drag shown isthe result of failed or lockedbearings, causing the cones

to skid against the bottom ofthe borehole. This is commonlycaused by plugged air passages

causing the bearing tooverheat.

Cone Interference

Cone interference can becaused by either bearing

failure or forcing a bit intoan undergage hole. In the

case of early bearing failure,check for plugged

air passages.

Lost ConeA lost cone is usually amore advanced form ofbearing failure or conebreakage.

Broken Cone

The bit shown has the conebroken circumferentiallyresulting in loss of thenose, or inner, portionof the cone. This conditionis normally caused by coneinterference due to bearingfailure.

Cracked Cone

Cracked cones can be causedby using too much pulldownfor the formation beingdrilled. In this case reducethe pulldown or use a harderbit type. This condition canalso be the result ofmechanical damage such asdropping the bit against thebottom of the hole.

Cone Erosion

Cone shell erosion is normal

and should be expected.Erosion leading to lost insertscan be caused by running theincorrect bit type for theformation or excessivepulldown. In this case reducethe pulldown or use a softerbit.

The following examples are shown to assist in the accurateidentification of individual dulling characteristics.


19/24

1

USEFUL OPERATIONAL DATA

in. mm in. mm in. mm 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2600 2800 3000

1/2

5/8

3/4

7/8

1

3/4

7/8

1

1 1/8

5/8

3/4

7/8

11 1/8

3/4

7/8

1

1 1/8

1 3/8

1 1/2

2

5 3/8

to

6 3/4

7 3/8

to

7 7/8

9

to9 7/8

10 5/8

to

17 1/2

137

171

187

200

229

251

270

445

12.70

15.87

19.05

22.22

25.40

19.05

22.22

25.40

28.57

15.87

19.05

22.22

25.4028.57

19.05

22.22

25.40

28.57

34.92

38.10

50.80

7.93

9.52

11.11

12.70

14.28

11.11

12.70

14.28

15.87

9.52

11.11

12.70

14.2815.87

19.05

11.11

12.70

14.28

15.87

19.05

22.22

28.57

45

36

30

26

21

24

29

22

55

46

37

32

26

31

24

39

30

24

65

54

44

36

32

38

30

23

49

38

30

23

22

5/16

3/8

7/16

1/2

9/16

7/16

1/2

9/16

5/8

3/8

7/16

1/2

9/165/8

3/4

7/16

1/2

9/16

5/8

3/4

7/8

1 1/8

75

64

51

44

37

45

36

29

24

57

45

36

2922

28

21

84

72

60

51

44

52

42

35

29

65

53

42

3528

33

26

22

81

68

57

50

58

48

40

34

73

61

48

4135

22

38

30

26

22

76

64

54

66

54

46

39

80

68

56

4639

25

44

36

30

25

82

70

59

72

62

52

44

75

63

5244

29

49

41

34

28

76

65

78

70

58

50

82

69

5749

34

55

46

37

30

22

82

70

84

79

64

55

74

6252

39

61

50

41

34

25

20

76

87

70

60

80

6756

43

66

55

45

37

28

22

82

76

65

7161

46

72

59

49

41

31

24

83

71

7665

50

78

63

53

45

34

26

76

8169

53

68

58

49

37

28

82

73

57

73

62

52

40

30

77

60

78

66

56

43

31

81

64

70

60

45

33

67

75

64

48

36

20

71

67

51

38

22

74

71

54

40

28

78

75

57

43

30

82

60

45

30

64

47

32

68

50

34

FullAir

CourseDiameter

Bit SizeRange

JetNozzle

Diameter3 Each

Air Pressure Drop (pounds per square inch) Bits with various air course diameters or jet nozzle sizes

Air Volume Delivered

Cubic Feet Per Minute

BIT AIR PRESSURE DROP CHART

For the most effective holecleaning a minimum bailingvelocity of 5000 feet per minute isconsidered desirable. The simpleformula Q=AV can be applied todetermine the volume flow of air(Q) necessary to give the desiredvelocity (V). (A) is the area of thehole through which the cuttings-laden air flows. This area is thearea of the hole less the area filledby the drill pipe. The table shown

gives the delivered air volumenecessary to provide a bailingvelocity of 5,000 feet per minute.This volume is calculated for themost common bit and pipe sizes.For dense materials, this volumeshould be increased in order toyield optimum cleaning efficiency.

See page 18 for bailing velocityformula.

In.

2 3/8

2 7/8

3 1/2

4

4 1/2

5

5 1/2

6 1/4

6 5/8

7

7 3/4

8 5/8

9

10

10 3/4

13

13 1/2

13 3/4

mm

61

73

89

102

114

127

140

159

168

178

197

219

229

250

273

330

343

349

4 3/4121

5127

5 1/8130

5 5/8143

5 7/8149

6152

6 1/4159

6 3/4171

7 3/8187

7 7/8200

9229

9 7/8251

10 5/8261

12 1/4311

13 3/4349

15381

17 1/2445

In.mm

46113.06

52814.95

56215.92

70920.08

CFMCU-M/MIN

39011.04

45612.91

49113.91

63818.07

71620.28

75621.41

2817.96

3489.86

38210.82

52914.98

60717.19

64818.35

73220.73

90925.74

114932.54

135838.46

187553.10

1785.04

2456.94

2807.93

42612.06

50514.30

54515.43

62917.81

80722.85

104729.65

125535.54

177350.21

51314.53

69119.57

93126.37

113932.36

165746.93

38310.85

56115.89

80222.71

101028.60

152643.27

197856.02

239767.88

341196.60

41811.84

65818.63

86724.55

138439.19

183551.97

225463.83

326892.55

418

11.84

626

17.73

1144

32.40

1594

45.14

2013

57.01

3027

85.72495

14.02101228.66

146341.43

188253.30

289682.01

87324.72

132337.47

174249.33

275678.05

57116.17

102228.94

144140.81

245569.53

351799.59

63117.87

105029.74

206458.45

335895.09

87024.64

188453.35

294683.42

136638.69

242868.75

340996.54

94126.65

200456.75

298584.54

152743.24

3744106.03

338295.78

319790.54

PIPE SIZE BIT SIZE

Delivered Air Volume CFM Required for a Bailing Velocity of 5,000 FPM

BAILING VELOCITY TABLE

In addition to adequate return air velocities, the pressure drop across the bit must be controlled to obtain the optimum bearing life. Pressure drop across thebit should be maintained in excess of 30 psi. Two (2) to ten (10) psi should be added for losses in the system ahead of the bit. For optimum bit life nozzles

should be selected to hold pressure near the maximum allowable on the compressor.

Helpful HoleCleaning

Information


20/24

USEFUL OPERATIONAL DATA

Unique feature at Varel Internationalare vented cones.

Bits with vented cones have significantly more airflow

through the bearings than standard bits. The nozzle size

should be reduced in order to maintain

suitable back pressure for proper cooling and cleaning.

This chart gives the proper nozzle sizes to use with bits

with vented cones.

Total Drilling Cost

TDC = B + R

F PTDC = Total drilling cost per

foot or meter drilledB = Total bit priceR = Operating cost per hour

for the drill rig expressedin dollars per hour

F = Total life of the rock bitexpressed in either feetor meters

P = Penetration rate of therock bit expressed as feetor meters per hour

Tips for optimizing drill bit performance

1/2"

9/16"

5/8"

11/16"

3/4"

13/16"

7/8"

15/16"

1"

7/16"

1/2"

9/16"

5/8"

3/4"

13/16"

7/8"

15/16"

1"

7/16"

1/2"

9/16"

5/8"

11/16"

3/4"

13/16"

7/8"

15/16"

Non-ventednozzle size (one)

Nozzle size for vented cones (one)

Bit size9"

Bit size9 7/8" - 13 3/4"

NOZZLE SIZE ADJUSTMENT

FOR VENTED CONES

Bailing velocity

BV = 183.3 x ACFM

D 2 _ d2

BV = Bailing velocity(feet per minute)

ACFM = Actual cubic feet of freeair per minute delivered

183.3= Factor for conversionD = Diameter of the hole

being drilled. (inches)d = Outside diameter of the

drill pipe being utilized.(inches)8

1. Keep rotating the bit, and turn on the air before the bit touches the ground, andkeep the air on until the bit is out of the hole. If the bit is to stay in the hole whileadding drill steel, blow the hole clean for 60 seconds prior to turning off the air.

2. When purchasing a new drill specify compressors with adequate capacity. Dontforget the altitude factor when sizing the compressor. Often 7,000 to 10,000linear feet per minute in return air velocity is required to properly clean the hole,particularly with heavier or larger cuttings.

3. Inspect the rock bit after each hole and record the condition of the rock bit atregular intervals.

4. Hot cones may indicate obstruction of the air passage to the bearings.

5. Pressure gage increases may indicate air passages are plugging.

6. An increase in air pressure may indicate unwanted restrictions in the air system.A decrease in air pressure may indicate leakage in the air system.

7. Accidental dropping of the bit and drill string can damage bearings and/or cones.

8. The I.D. (inside diameter) of the pin and box connections of the drill string shouldbe the same as or larger than the I.D. of the pin on the rock bit. This will reducethe pressure drop loss across the drill string to the lowest possible psi.

9. Avoid early bit failures by refraining from using bent drill steel and excessivelyworn drill steel, stabilizers, deck bushings or shock subs.

10. When making up the rock bit use slow rotation and ensure that the drill string androck bit mate properly shoulder to shoulder. Monitor the process carefully in orderto avoid cross threading.

11. Use proper tool joint lubrication to maintain connections.

12. Use only the minimum amount of water required to suppress the dust.

13. Use the factory recommended weight and rotation speeds to accommodate theformations being drilled.

14. Rotary speed should be decreased as down pressure is increased and down

pressure decreased as rotary speed is increased.15. Accurate information is valuable knowledge. Always record footage drilled, time in

the hole, rpm, weight on bit, psi, formation drilled and any unusual drillingconditions. (Water in the hole, broken formations, etc.)

16. Form drilling process improvement teams with your key suppliers. Establishimprovement goals and measure progress.

1/4

9/32

5/16

11/32

3/8

13/32

7/16

15/32

1/2

17/32

9/16

5/8

11/16

3/4

7/8

1

1 1/8

1 1/4

6.35

7.14

7.93

8.73

9.52

10.31

11.11

11.90

12.70

13.49

14.28

15.87

17.46

19.05

22.22

25.40

28.57

31.75

.049

.062

.076

.093

.110

.130

.150

.172

.196

.222

.248

.306

.372

.442

.601

.785

.993

1.228

31.62

40.00

49.04

60.00

70.97

83.88

96.78

110.97

126.46

143.23

160.01

197.43

240.01

285.18

387.77

506.48

640.68

792.31

.147

.186

.228

.279

.330

.390

.450

.516

.588

.666

.745

.918

1.116

1.326

1.803

2.355

2.985

3.684

94.84

120.01

147.11

180.01

219.92

251.63

290.34

332.92

379.38

429.70

480.67

592.29

720.04

855.54

1163.30

1519.45

1925.92

2376.92

in.

Hole Size Area/1 Hole Area/3 Holes

mm Sq. in. mm2 mm2Sq. in.

Nozzle Hole Area Chart


21/24

1

RB40

RB50

RB53

RB60 / RB60G

RB67

RB70

RB80 / RB80G

RB30SOFT

ME

DIUM

HARD

2500PSI 75005000 10000 12500 15000 17500 20000 22500 25000 27500 30000 32500 35000 37500 40000 42500 45000 47500 50000 52500 55000 57500 60000 62500 65000 67500 70000

17.2MPA 51.73 4. 5 6 9. 0 8 6. 2 1 03 .4 1 20 .7 1 37 .9 1 55 .1 1 72 .4 1 8 9. 6 2 0 6. 8 2 2 4. 1 2 4 1. 3 2 5 8. 6 2 7 5. 8 2 9 3. 0 3 1 0. 3 3 2 7. 5 3 4 4. 7 3 6 2 .0 3 79 .2 3 96 .5 4 13 .7 4 30 .9 4 48 .2 4 65 .4 4 82 .6

Varel

Ridgeback MarathonTM

Series Insert Bits

SANDSTONE

(SOFT)

SCHIST(SOFT)

FORMATION

LIMESTONE

(HARD)

LIMESTONE

(SOFT)

SANDSTONE

(HARD)

CONGLOMERATE

BASALT(HARD)

DIORITE

SLATE

QUARTZITE

(SOFT)

GNEISS

(AVERAGE)

GABBRO

GRANITE

DIABASE

(DOLERITE)

QUARTZITE

(HARD)

AMPHIBOLITE

VAREL INSERT BIT COMPARISON AND HARDNESS TABLE

REPRESENTATIVE ROCK COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psi)

L3S

V3MO

L2

L1

LH1

L111

Varel

Steel ToothBits

VAREL STEEL TOOTH BIT COMPARISON AND HARDNESS TABLE

REPRESENTATIVE ROCK COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (psi)

1000PSI 30002 00 0 4 00 0 5 00 0 6 00 0 7 00 0 8 00 0 9 00 0 1 0 00 0 1 10 00 12 00 0 1 30 00 14 00 0 1 50 00 1 60 00 17 00 0 1 80 00 19 00 0

6.9MPA 20.71 3. 8 27 .6 3 4. 5 41 .4 48 .3 55 .2 6 2. 1 6 9. 0 75 .8 82 .7 89. 6 9 6. 5 1 03 .4 11 0. 3 11 7. 2 12 4. 1 1 31 .0

CONGLOMERATE

SCHIST(SOFT)

TUFF

SANDSTONE

(SOFT)

LIMESTONE

(SOFT)

LIMESTONE

(HARD)

SANDSTONE

(HARD)

BASALT(SOFT)

SHALE(SOFT)

DOLOMITE

ANDESITE

MARBLE

SCHIST(HARD)

DIORITE

FORMATION

SOFT

MEDIUM

HARD

CHARTS FOR MAXIMUM B IT L IFE


22/24

0

VARELS SERVICE PACKAGE

Varel Internationals field sales management,

design engineers, technical service staff, and factory

authorized distributors are trained and experienced

industry professionals. They are available for

analyzing drilling parameters, and making

work-friendly suggestions aimed at creating the

optimum balance of performance and price in

your drilling operations.

Our staff is trained to deliver professional

assistance on all of the following:

Bit selection

General bit care

Dull bit analysis

Suggesting optimum operatingparameters for RPM and weight on bit

Applying field-proven practices

Mentoring dril l ing schools

Conducting air tests, load testsand dril l audits

Advising on optimum working pressures

Calculating total dril l ing costs - TDC

LET OUR VAREL TEAM WORK WITH YOU ON A

CONTINUOUS BASIS, AND DEVELOP WORLD

CLASS RESULTS IN YOUR DRILLING OPERATION.


23/24

VAREL

INTERNATIONAL

MAKERS OF

WORLD CLASS

DRILLING BITS


24/24

VAREL INTERNATIONALCORPORATE HEADQUARTERS1434 Patton, Suite 106, Carrollton, Texas 75007Mailing address:P.O. Box 540157, Dallas, Texas 75354-0157Phone: +1-972-242-1160Fax: +1-972-242-8770Email: [email protected]: 1-800-VARELCO (827-3526)

MEXICOVAREL DE MEXICO, S.A DE C.V.3a. Y Michoacan #310 SurFraccionamiento Moderno,H. MatamorosTamaulipas, MexicoC.P. 87380Phone: +52-868-8170467Fax: +52-868-8172106

SOUTH AMERICAVAREL INTERNATIONAL Sucursal del PeruLas Poncianas 105/107, La Molina ViejaLima 12, PeruPhones: +51-1-365-2529 / 365-5178Fax: +51-1-365-8305Cellular: +51-1-999-60283Email: [email protected]: [email protected]

ASIA-PACIFICVAREL INTERNATIONALSuite 6, Kishorn Court, 58 Kishorn RoadMount Pleasant, WA 6153Australia.Phone: +61-8-9315-9999Fax: +61-8-9315-9800Email: [email protected]

S A L E S O F F I C E S W O R L D W I D E :

Visit us at WWW.VARELINTL.COM

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