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Directive 94/9/EC

“ATEX” (ATmosphere EXplosibles)

Revision 5, December 2003


Directive 94/9/EC

• Defines the minimum requirements for

equipment and protective equipment for use in

potentially explosive atmospheres

• For electrical and non-electrical equipment

• Includes potential explosion due to flammable

vapors and dust


History

• EU legislation since March 1996

• Transition period until June 30, 2003

• Mandatory from July 1, 2003

• Also applicable to equipment put into service after July 2003 (but supplied before that date)

• Older equipment that is in service does not require replacement


Repairs and modifications

• A seal repaired after June 30, 2003 but

supplied and put into service before June 30,

2003 does not need ATEX after repair.

• Substantial modifications of a seal (affecting

for instance temperature levels or integrity),

will require ATEX


Applicable harmonized standards for non-electrical equipment

• EN-13463 part 1 to 8:

– Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres

• EN 13463-1:

– Basic method and requirements

• prEn 13463-2 to 8:

– Protection against ignition


When is ATEX applicable

Potential explosive atmosphere:

1. Flammable product • Gas, vapor, dust

2. With Air

3. Under atmospheric conditions • -20 to +60 °C; 0.8 to 1.1 barA

4. Potential ignition source • Mechanically generated sparks,

hot surfaces, flames, static electricity, etcetera


Equipment Classification Groups and categories

• The equipment / component manufacturer must determine the group and category of its products

• Group and category determine:

– The protection level

– In which zone the equipment can be used

– The requirements to meet this protection level


Equipment Classification Groups

• Group I

– Equipment used in mines • Not further discussed in this presentation

• Group II

– Equipment used in other potentially explosive atmospheres


Equipment Classification Categories for group II

• Category 3 – Normal level of protection

• Prevent ignition sources during normal operation

• Category 2 – High level of protection

• Prevent ignition sources in the event of frequent malfunctioning

• Category 1 – Very high level of protection

• Prevent ignition sources in the event of rare malfunction of the equipment


Zones for explosive atmospheres due to gas/vapors (G) and dust (D)

• Zone 0 (G) & 20 (D)

– Explosive atmosphere is present continuously for long periods or

frequently (like EEx ia)

• Zone 1 (G) & 21 (D)

– Explosive atmosphere is likely to occur (like EEx d)

• Zone 2 (G) & 22 (D)

– Explosive atmosphere is unlikely to occur or, if they do occur are

likely to do so for a short period only (like EEx n)

• The applicable zone must be specified by the end user


Categories and allowable Zones

• 1G = Zone 0, 1, 2

• 2G = Zone 1, 2

• 3G = Zone 2

• 1D = Zone 20, 21, 22

• 2D = Zone 21, 22

• 3D = Zone 22

Gas

Dust


If ATEX is applicable for mechanical seals, then:

• 95% of the seal applications will be:

– Group II

– Category 2G

• Seals can then be applied in:

– Zone 1 and 2


General product requirements • Design for Integrated explosion safety

– Prevent explosive atmosphere

– Prevent ignition

– Limit the range of the explosion effects

• Selection of Materials

• Installation and Operating Manual – Assembly, installation, operation, maintenance

– Area of use

– In the language of the country of use


Requirements for Group II, Cat 3 • Internal control of production (VIII)

– Written declaration of Conformity

– File technical documentation for 10 years: • General description of a mechanical seal

• Design and manufacturing drawings

• Description and explanation to understand these drawings

• List with used standards and a risk assessment for normal operation

• Calculations, examinations, test results

• Conformity is responsibility of the seal manufacturer


Requirements for Group II, Cat 2

• Same as Group II, Cat 3

• Technical documentation to be filed

with Notified body

• Risk assessment includes expected

malfunction

+


Requirements for Group II, Cat 1 • Same as Group II, Cat 2

• Technical documentation is job specific

• EC type examination required (III)

• Production QA required (IV)

• Conformity is responsibility of notified body

• Risk assessment includes rare malfunction

+


Conformity Assessment Procedures

ZONE 1 / 21 ZONE 2 / 22

AND

Production

QA

IV

Product

Verification

V

ZONE 0 / 20

Group II

Category 1 GD

OR

Unit Verification

IX

OR

Group II

Category 2 GD

Group II

Category 3 GD

AND

Filed with

Notified

Body

EC Type

Examnination

III

Internal Control

of Production

VIII

Internal Control

of Production

VIII


Is a seal a component?

• Basic seal parts excluding sleeve and gland are not considered components, but machine elements. ATEX is not applicable.

• A cartridge seal or a seal supplied with sleeve and gland could be classified as a component in the sence of the directive

• If a seal is considered a component, then an attestation has to be provided.


Attestation of Conformity, Cat 2

Seals are considered Components, No marking is required

This statement is valid for all

these seal types

Pac-Seal

Attestation of conformity according Directive 94/9/EC, Article 8 (3)

The Manufacturer: Flowserve B.V. P.O. Box 1300 4700BH Roosendaal The Netherlands

Hereby declares that

The Products: Lubricated mechanical seals in its original state of the types:

Single, tandem and double pusher seals: Q series, U series, D series, RO, CRO, P series, Europac 6* series, Europac 306, Allpac 4* series, Allpac N series, Allpac 2039, UHT series, DHT series, HSC, HSH, FRO, LD, HD series, SRO, Simpac 3* series, Centipac 1* series, ISC series, PSSII, SL series, SLC, SLM series, GSL, GF-200, RA series, TBR, GW, PAC seal series

Single, tandem and double bellow seals: BX*, CBR*, BXRH, BXH*, BXLS*, BL, BRC*, PB, PC, CBS, PBS, PBR, X series, ISC series, Membranpac 9* series, Rollpac 945, GX-200, TBR, Chemiepac 9* series, EB-55, RIS, GTS, BAW, Uniseal series.

By design considered as components (Article 1 (3c)), are in conformity with the provisions of ATEX Directive 94/9/EC provided that the product is used in accordance with the following standards:


Attestation of conformity, Cat 2 Applicable standards:

EN 292:

Safety of machinery: Basic concepts, general principles for design EN 1127-1: Explosive atmospheres, explosion

prevention and protection – basic concepts and methodology EN 13463-1: Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres:

Basic method and requirements prEN 13463-5: Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres: Protection by constructional safety

See next slide

EN 292 EN 1127-1 EN 13463-1 prEN 13463-5 (see note 1).

The above-mentioned products are in compliance with Explosion class:

II 2GD c (see note 2)

Provided that the installation of the product in the machinery is correctly realized and the product is used within its operating window. Further information and specifications for safe installation, operation, repair and maintenance can be found in the Installation and Operating Manual.

The products above must not be put into service until the machinery into which they have been incorporated have been declared in conformity with 98/37/EC Machinery Directive and 94/9/EC (ATEX).

Signed:

J.J. van der Velden Manager Engineering and QA/QC

Note 1: This standard is in the final stages of acceptance. Although the final text has been submitted, it is under no circumstances legally binding. Note 2: A single temperature class cannot be given as the surface temperature depends on the operating conditions of the machinery in which the above-mentioned products are incorporated (EN 13463-1, chapter 14.2 (g)). See attached graphs for further information.


II 2GD c

• II = Group II

• 2 = Category 2

• G = Gas

• D = Dust

• c = Constructional safety according to prEN 13463-5


Temperature classes • The surface temperature depends on the operating

conditions for the mechanical seal

– T1 = 450 °C T4 = 135 °C

– T2 = 300 °C T5 = 100 °C

– T3 = 200 °C T6 = 85 °C

• Safety margin of 5C for T3, T4, T5 and T6

• Safety margin of 10C for T1 and T2

• The temperature class can be calculated for different fluid types from graphs supplied with the attestation


Calculation of temperature class

10ba

r

15 bar

25 bar 6000 rpm

5000 rpm 4000 rpm

3000 rpm

2000 rpm

1000 rpm

500 rpm

0

100

200

250

300

150

50

350

400

450

20 40 60 80 100

Periphera

l S

peed [m

/s]

Flu

id T

em

pera

ture

[°C

]

5

10

15

20

25

10 20 30 40 50 5 15 25 35 45

T6

T5

T4

T3

T2

T1

Shaft Diameter [mm]

5ba

r

1

2

3

4

5

Factors for several material combinations: • Silicon carbide - Carbon 1 • Silicon carbide - Silicon carbide 0.7 • Tungsten carbide - Carbon 1.5 • Chrome steel - Carbon 3

Example: Shaft diameter : 50mm Speed : 3000 rpm

Pressure : 15 bar Product temp. : 100°C Face materials : Tungsten carbide - Carbon

1. Draw a vertical line from the shaft diameter up to the speed; 2. Draw a horizontal line to the seal pressure;

3. Draw a vertical line down to the delta T line and read the temperature; 4. Multiply this temperature with the factor for the face materials shown

above. In this example 13°C x 1.5 = 19.5°C; 5. Draw a vertical line down to the product temperature.

This seal can be used up to and including temperature class T4.

Safety margins (included in graph): • For classes T3, T4, T5 and T6 5°C • For classes T1 and T2 10°C

Delta T [°C] (Face - Fluid)

Fluid Pressure

Shaft S

peed

Tem

pera

ture

Cla

ss

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