catalyst: (pg. 100) name one hormone that you read about this week agenda catalyst endocrine system...
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Catalyst: (pg. 100) Name one hormone that you read about this week
• Agenda • Catalyst • Endocrine system • MELCon Summary Homework
• Objectives: SWBAT • Identify the function of hormones within the human
body • Explain how the nervous and endocrine systems work
together to maintain homeostasis
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Maintaining Homeostasis• Animals rely on 2 systems for regulation of
Homeostasis – endocrine system • system of glands
– secrete chemical signals directly into blood– chemical travels to target tissue– target cells have receptor proteins– slow, long-lasting response
– nervous system• system of neurons
– transmits “electrical” signal & release neurotransmitters to target tissue
– fast, short-lasting response
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2007-2008
Endocrine System &Hormones
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• Why are hormones needed?– chemical messages from one body part
to another– communication needed to coordinate
whole body– daily homeostasis • solute levels in blood – glucose, Ca++, salts, etc.
• metabolism• growth• development• maturation• reproduction
The Endocrine System Produces Hormones
growth hormones
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Regulation by chemical messengers
axon
endocrine gland
receptor proteins
target cell
• Neurotransmitters released by neurons• Hormones release by endocrine glands
receptor proteins
hormone carried by blood
neurotransmitter
Lock & Keysystem
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Learning Check
1. How do hormones maintain homeostasis? 2. What are the two systems are the source of
the body’s chemical signals?3. What system is composed of neurons? 4. What system is composed of glands?5. How are nerve signals different than
hormone signals?
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Classes of Hormones• Protein-based hormones
– Stored in endocrine cells until needed• Metabolism• Growth • Reproduction
– Insulin, growth hormones • Amino Acid based hormones
– Bind to receptors OUTSIDE of the cell – Activate gene expression from DNA and the
building of proteins • Lipid-based hormones
– Steroids• Sex hormones (estrogen, androgen,
progesterone)• Pass into the nucleus of a cell and bond to
specific receptors that activate gene expression from DNA
insulin
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Maintaining homeostasis
high
low
hormone 1
lowersbody condition
hormone 2
gland
specific body condition
raisesbody condition
gland
Negative FeedbackModel
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Nervous & Endocrine systems are linked
• Hypothalamus = “master nerve control center”– nervous system– receives information from nerves around body about
internal conditions – releasing hormones: regulates release of hormones from
pituitary
• Pituitary gland = “master gland”– endocrine system– secretes broad range
of “tropic” hormones regulating other glands in body
hypothalamus
pituitary
posterior
anterior
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Thyroid gland
hypothalamus
anteriorpituitary
gonadotropic hormones:follicle-stimulatinghormone (FSH) & luteinizing hormone (LH)
Mammaryglandsin mammals
Musclesof uterus
Kidneytubules
posteriorpituitary
thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)
antidiuretic hormone(ADH)
Adrenalcortex
Boneand muscle
Testes Ovaries
Melanocytein amphibian
adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)melanocyte-stimulating hormone(MSH)
oxytocin
prolactin (PRL)
grow
th ho
rmon
e (GH)
tropic hormones = target endocrine glands
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Learning check 2 1. What are the three classes of hormones?2. For each class identify where they activate within
the body (where the receptors are) 3. Is your bodies use of hormones considered positive
or negative feedback? EXPLAIN your answer using the definition of the feedback loop you chose.
4. What are the ‘master controls’ in the nervous AND endocrine system?
5. Where are they found in the body? 6. How do they work together to maintain
homeostasis?
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MELCon Summary• Purpose: Describe how the endocrine system and the
nervous system work together to maintain homeostasis. • M- What is homeostasis? What internal balances are
maintained by your body? How do your body systems work together to maintain balance?
• E- Use 2 examples from this week to explain how the endocrine system and the nervous system work together
• L- Use the examples to explain homeostasis• Con- Restate the big idea and connect examples back to
the main idea.