catyl conv

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    THREE WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER

    A method of treating exhaust gas uses catalytic

    converters. These converts the gaseous pollutants into

    harmless gasses

    A catalyst is a material that causes a chemical change

    without entering into the chemical reaction

    Modern cars are equipped with 3 way catalytic

    converters

    3 way refers to the three way regulated emission

    It reduce-CO

    Unburned HC and nitrogen oxide molecules

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    In the catalytic converter, there are two different types of

    catalyst at work, a reduction catalystand an oxidation

    catalyst. Both types consist of a ceramic structure coated

    with a metal catalyst, usually platinum, rhodium and/or

    palladium. The idea is to create a structure that exposes the

    maximum surface area of catalyst to the exhaust stream,

    while also minimizing the amount of catalyst required, as thematerials are extremely expensive. Some of the newest

    converters have even started to use gold mixed with the

    more traditional catalysts. Gold is cheaper than the other

    materials and could increase oxidation, the chemical reactionthat reduces pollutants, by up to 40 percent

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    Reduction catalyst

    It Is the first stage of the cc

    It uses platinum and rhodium

    It help to reduce the nitrogen oxide emission

    Such molecules come in contact with calalyst,cataylist ribs

    nitrogen atom out of the molecule and hold on to it

    Freeing oxygen in form of O2

    Nitrogen inton2

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    It is a part of everyvehicle to regulate theemissions from

    harmful gases thatpollute the enviroment.

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    On 13 September 2001, the Government ofIndia constituted a committee of expert of

    national reputed, headed by Dr. R A

    Mashelkar, the then Director General,Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

    (CSIR) to recommend an Auto Fuel Policy

    for the country, to devise a road map for itsimplementation and recommend suitable

    auto fuels, automobile technologies and

    fiscal and institutional measures.

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    Auto Fuel Policy report marked out11 metro cities, namely, Delhi (NCR),

    Kolkata, Mumbai, ChennaiHyderabad, Ahmadabad, Surat,Pune, Bangalore, Kanpur, and Agrafor stricter standards due to thehigh levels of air pollution by theAuto Fuel Policy.

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    New improved Pollution Under Control (PUC)

    checking system for vehicles.

    Inspection & maintenance (I&M) system for

    vehicles.

    Performance checking system of catalytic

    converter and conversion kits for CNG/LPG. Augmentation of city public transport system.

    Compliance of emission norms by city public

    service vehicles and inter State vehicles.

    For entire country, the proposed roadmap is implementation of Bharat stage-III

    norms preferably from 1 April 2008 but not later than 1 April 2010 in the entirecountry.

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    BY- ABHISHEK SAXENA