Causes Of Migration

IB SL

What Is Migration?

• The movement of people, involving a permanent (>1 year) change of residence.

• Migration can be internal (local/regional) or external (international).

• Migration can also be voluntary or forced.

MIGRATIONDefinition of migration:

• Migration is the movement of people across a national or international boundary.

• The United Nations defines it as a ‘permanent’ change of residence lasting more than one year.

Migration occurrence:

• Migration has occurred throughout the history of humankind.

• The world’s population is more mobile than ever before because of advances in and the reduced cost of transport and communication.

• One in every 35 people lives outside the country of their birth.

Factors prompting migration:Push factors.• These are poor conditions where

people live which encourage or force them to leave.

Pull factors.• In contrast to push factors,

these are good conditions at a place people are thinking of moving to.

Intervening obstacles.• These are the difficulties that

people face when they attempt to migrate.

MIGRATION PUSH FACTOR

People living in poor conditions.

MIGRATION

1. Forced.2. Voluntary.Labour related migration:• Much recent migration

has been ‘labour-related’ – people moving to find work.

Remittances. • This is the money sent

home to their families by migrants working in another region or country.

MIGRATION

TOP DESTINATIONS OF REMITTANCES $Bn (2001)

Migrations can be classed as either:

How Do We Measure Migration?

• Migration • Migration is the movement of people • It is classified by such indices as –Distance travelled –Reason for travel –Period of time of travel –Volume of migrants

MATCH THE FLAG TO IT’S MEANING AND WRITE IT IN YOUR BOOKS

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATON

NATIONAL MIGRATON

ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT

VOLUNTARY MIGRATON

INVOLUNTARY MIGRATON

PUSH FACTOR

PULL FACTOR

Moving from one country to anotherBeing forced to move from a placeWanting to move to a placeAttracts people to migrateMakes people want to move away

from a placeMoving within a countryA person moves to a country without

permission

A simple explanation to migration

• Push and Pull• Negative factors in the

place you live are enough to encourage you to move to another place that attracts you – these can be real such as job opportunities or perceived ‘ how you imagine a place to be even though you have never been there!

Activity

Look at the next slide and copy the layout onto an A4 sheet of paper and list possible reasons for each of the

different types of migration.

Types Of Migration

Long Term

Internal PermanentExternal

Short Term

Seasonal Daily Temporary

Rural-Urban Migration/ Counterurbanisation

Copy and complete the following table to show the Push and Pull factors of Rural-Urban Migration and Counterurbanisation...

Rural-Urban Migration Counterurbanisation

Push

Pull