cc nalin kanshal - elpro energy dimension
TRANSCRIPT
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Case study and calculation ofcarbon credits
Presentation by:-
Nalin KanshalDirector
Elpro Energy Dimensions
Pvt.LtdBangalore
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CLEAN DEVELOPMENT
MECHANISM
PROJECT CYCLE
http://carboncreditsusa.wordpress.com/2008/12/10/2009-copenhagen-climate-conference-will-produce-last-minute-climate-change-agreement-brokered-by-powerful-world-negotiators-similar-to-kyoto-accord/ -
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CDM PPs plan a CDM project activity
PPs prepare the PPD for a CDM project
PPs shall get written approvals of voluntaryparticipation from DNA of each party involved,including host party.PPs may get written approval in step 1,2 or even
4
Validation is the process of independent evaluation of aproject activity against the requirement of the CDM
1. Planning a CDMProject Activity
2.Preparing PDD
3.Getting Approval
4.Validation
5.Registration
Registration is the formal acceptance of a validateproject as CDM project activity
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PPs collect and archive all relevant data necessary forcalculating GHG emission reduction by a CDM projectactivity in accordance with the monitoring plan in thePDD
Verification is a Periodic independent review and ex-post determination of the monitored GHG emission
reduction.Certification is the written assurance by a DOE that aproject activity achieved the reductions in GHGemissions as verified.
The EB will issue CERs equal to the verified amount ofGHG emission reductions.Among issued CERs,2% will be deducted for the shareof proceed to assist developing countries to meet cost of
adaptation
CERs will be distributed among PPs
6.Monitoring a CDMProject Activity
7.Verification &Certification
8.Issuance of CERs
9.Distribution of CERs
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ADDITIONALITY TESTRevenue from the carbon offsets must be a primary driver for project implementation-
availability of a financially more viable alternative that would have led to higheremissions
Local resistance, lack of know-how, institutional or technological barrier -existence of aless technologically advanced alternative involving lower risks in terms ofperformance or market share and at the same time leading to higher emissions
Employ technology that is not very commonly used-prevailing practice or existingregulatory or policy requirements would have led to implementation of a technologywith higher emissions
CDM concept additionality
Project participants have to demonstrate to a validator that the project activity wouldotherwise not be implemented due to the existence of one or more barriers in orderto prove that it is additional to what would have occurred in the absence of the CDM
A TOOL IS AVAILABLE TO HELP!
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Clean Development MechanismBaseline
Establishing a baseline
The amount of emission reduction, obviously, depends on theemissions that would have occurred without the project. Theconstruction of such a hypothetical scenario is known as the
baseline of the project. The baseline may be estimated throughreference to emissions from similar activities and technologies inthe same country or other countries, or to actual emissions prior toproject implementation. The partners involved in the project could
have an interest in establishing a baseline with high emissions,which would yield a risk of awarding spurious credits. Independentthird party verification is meant to ameliorate this potential
problem.
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Co2 database
Table S-1: Weighted average emission factor, simple operating margin (OM), build margin (BM)and combined margin (CM) of all grids for FY 2007-08 (inter-Grid and cross-border electricitytransfers included), in tCO2/MWh
Grid Average OM BM CM
NEWNE 0.81 1.00 0.60 0.80
Southern 0.72 0.99 0.71 0.85 India 0.79 1.00 0.63 0.81
Average is the average emission of all stations in the grid, weighted by net generation.
OM is the average emission from all stations excluding the low cost/must run sources(onlythermal excludes hydro and nuclear).
BM is the average emission of the 20% (by net generation) most recent capacity addition in thegrid.
CM is a weighted average of the OM and BM (here weighted 50 : 50).
The baseline emission factor which is to be used for calculating CDM Benefits by the supercriticaltechnology based power projects has also been calculated by Central Electricity Authority as0.941 tCO2/MWh for the year 2007-08 in accordance with CDM Executive Board approved
methodology ACM0013. The National average has hence been revised to 0.82 tCO2/MWh as of 2009
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What is the Co2 database??
The database is an official publication of the Government ofIndia for the purpose of CDM baselines. It is based on the mostrecent data available with the Central Electricity Authority.
Emission reductions from CDM projects in the power sector arecalculated based on the net electricity generated by the project,and the difference between the emission factors (in tCO2/MWh)of the baseline and the project activity. The baseline emission
factor reflects the carbon intensity of the displaced amount ofgrid electricity. This baseline emission factor can be derivedfrom the data provided in the CO2 Database.
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Classwork Project Profile
Calculation of Carbon Credits from a typicalenergy efficiency project in a fertilizer unit in
Karnataka state
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Project Profile
SECTION A. General description of the small-scale project activity A.1. Title of the small-scale project activity:
Energy efficiency measures at Fertilizer unit of XYZ factory in Karnataka
A.2. Description of the small-scale project activity:
Purpose of the project activity:
The main purpose of the project is to carryout energy efficiency measures, at allpossible consumption points in the chemical process units at XYZ faxtory, so asto reduce electricity consumption. Reduced consumption of energy will lead todisplacing equivalent amount of energy, thus, reducing the consumption offossil fuel in the power generation in grid. Hence, reducing the GHG emissionsdue to the burning of fossil fuel.
A Total of seven initiatives have been considered under the scope of this CDMproject. The projects can be broadly categorized as:
1. Lighting related initiatives 2. Variable Frequency Drives 3. Efficient Motor related Initiatives
4. Other energy efficiency related initiatives
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Class Work Assume emission factor 0.72 tco2/mwh
Ref No Project Measure
BaselineEnergyConsumption
ProjectedenergyConsumption
Difference inEnergy
Hours ofOperationPeryear Savings Savings
Emissionfactor Emission
(Kwh) (Kwh) (kwh) hrs (kwh)/year (mwh)/yr tCO2/Mwhr tCO2/year
P Q R=P-Q S T=R*S U=T/1000 V W=U*V
CDM1A
Replacement of 125 wattHPMV lamps by 70
watt metal halide lamps 125 70 4380
CDM1B
Replacement 250 watt
HPMV lamps by 150
watt metal halide
lamps: 250 150 4380
CDM2
Replacement of 40 watt
T10/T8 tube lights by
28 watt T5 tube lights: 40 28 4380
CDM3
Installation of power saving
device for centralized
lighting DB at
different units: 100 75 4380
Installation of variable
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CDM4Installation of variable
frequency drive: 500 430 7200
CDM5
Replacement of EFF 3
motors with EFF
1: 1000 700 6700
CDM6
Replacement of highercapacity (150 kw)
motors by
optimum capacity
motor (100 Kw): 150 100 6200
CDM7
Reduction in power
consumption by
replacing the
existing aluminium
blades in cooling
tower fan by FRP
blades 100 95 5600
A.
TotalSavings
(Mwh/Year) :
B. Weighted
EmissionFactor :
C.
EmissionstCO2/year (C=A*B) :
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Solution
Ref No Project Measure
BaselineEnergyConsumption
ProjectedenergyConsumption
DifferenceinEnergy
Hours ofOperationPeryear Savings Savings
Emissionfactor Emission
(Kwh) (Kwh) (kwh) hrs (kwh)/year (mwh)/yr tCO2/Mwhr tCO2/year
P Q R=P-Q S T=R*S U=T/1000 V W=U*V
CDM1A
Replacement of 125 watt
HPMV lamps by 70
watt metal halide
lamps 125 70 55 4380 240900 240.9 0.72 173.448
CDM1B
Replacement 250 watt
HPMV lamps by
150 watt metal
halide lamps: 250 150 100 4380 438000 438 0.72 315.36
CDM2
Replacement of 40 watt
T10/T8 tube lights
by 28 watt T5 tube
lights: 40 28 12 4380 52560 52.56 0.72 37.8432
CDM3
Installation of power
saving device for
centralized lighting
DB at different
units: 100 75 25 4380 109500 109.5 0.72 78.84
Installation of variable
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CDM4Installation of variable
frequency drive: 500 430 70 7200 504000 504 0.72 362.88
CDM5
Replacement of EFF 3
motors with EFF
1: 1000 700 300 6700 2010000 2010 0.72 1447.2
CDM6
Replacement of higher
capacity (150 kw)motors by
optimum capacity
motor (100 Kw): 150 100 50 6200 310000 310 0.72 223.2
CDM7
Reduction in power
consumption by
replacing the
existing aluminium
blades in coolingtower fan by FRP
blades 100 95 5 5600 28000 28 0.72 20.16
A.
TotalSavi
ngs
(Mwh/Year
) : 3692.96
B. Weighted
EmissionFactor : 0.72
C.
EmissionstCO2/year (C=A*B) : 2658.9312
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