cc7220-1 la web de datosaidanhogan.com/teaching/cc7220-1-2019/lectures/wdd2019-10.pdf · cc7220-1...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 2: CC7220-1 La Web de Datosaidanhogan.com/teaching/cc7220-1-2019/lectures/WdD2019-10.pdf · CC7220-1 LA WEB DE DATOS PRIMAVERA 2019 Lecture 10: RDB2RDF Aidan Hogan aidhog@gmail.com](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050217/5f63644ff82c35195d6adaab/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Previously …
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Semantic Web: Data, Logic, Query, Links
* More or less
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The LOD Cloud
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RDF: Proposed model for a Web of Data
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RDF: Proposed model for a Web of Data
Most legacy data on the Web not in RDF!
But where should this RDF come from?
So what legacy formats are common on the Web?
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LAMP: Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP
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3-Tier Web Applications
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Deep Web
Surface Web
Deep Web
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Lots of data in relational databases …
http://db-engines.com/en/ranking
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Lots of data in relational databases …
http://db-engines.com/en/ranking
Out of top 10 databases, 7 are relational databases.
Out of 348 databases, any idea in what position
the first SPARQL engine would be?
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Top SPARQL engine is …
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RDB2RDF: Relational DataBases to RDF
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Some relational tables about planets …
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Meanwhile on Pluto …
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RDB2RDF?
How might we automatically convert this table to RDF?
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Direct Mapping: Automatic RDB2RDF mapping
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Direct Mapping
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Direct Mapping
Each table name is a type
Each row is a subject
Each attribute a predicate
Each value an object
But what about RDF terms
(IRIs/literals/blank nodes)?
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Direct Mapping: Identifying Rows
How can we identify Row1?
• If the table has a primary key (pk1,…,pkn): – http://ex.org/TableName/pk1=v1;...;pkn=vn – (Base IRI http://ex.org/ given as input)
• If not: use a fresh blank node.
So Row1 would be …?
http://ex.org/Planet/name=Mercury
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Direct Mapping: Identifying Tables
How can we identify the table?
http://ex.org/Planet
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Direct Mapping: Identifying Columns
How can we identify the attributes?
http://ex.org/Planet#ring
http://ex.org/Planet#dist
http://ex.org/Planet#...
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Direct Mapping: Identifying Values
How can we identify values?
“Mercury”
“0.39”^^xsd:float
“false”^^xsd:boolean
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Direct Mapping: Final RDF
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Direct Mapping: Multiple Tables
Anything missing here?
If we assume that pname is a foreign key
for Planet.name, then ...
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Direct Mapping: Foreign Key References
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Direct Mapping: Foreign Key References
If table T1 has a foreign key to table T2: (fk1,…,fkn):
– Link with predicate: http://ex.org/T1#ref-fk1;...;fkn
– (Base IRI http://ex.org/ given as input)
Example: http://ex.org/Moon#ref-pname
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Direct Mapping
Anything else missing here?
What should we do with NULL (⊥)??
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Direct Mapping: NULL (⊥)
No triples generated for NULL (⊥).
(Semantics of NULL often not clear)
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Direct Mapping: Information Preservation
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Direct Mapping: Query Preservation
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Direct Mapping: Customisation?
What if we want to customise the mapping,
e.g., to create a node for people?
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R2RML: Custom RDB2RDF mappings
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R2RML: In a nutshell
RDB R2RML
Mapping
What should we use to specify this R2RML mapping?
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R2RML Example: The Direct Mapping
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R2RML Example: The Direct Mapping
Triple Mapping
Source Table
Subject Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
…
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R2RML: Selecting a Logical Table
Triple Mapping
Source Table
Subject Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
…
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R2RML: Example with SQL Query
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R2RML Term Maps: Creating RDF Terms
Triple Mapping
Source Table
Subject Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
…
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R2RML Term Maps: Creating RDF Terms
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R2RML Term Maps: Constants
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R2RML Term Maps: Columns
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R2RML Term Maps: Templates
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R2RML Term Maps
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R2RML Term Maps: Example
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R2RML: Subject Map
Triple Mapping
Source Table
Subject Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
Predicate-Object
Mapping
…
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R2RML: Example with multiple types
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R2RML: Predicate–Object Map
Triple Mapping
Source Table
Subject Mapping
Predicate–Object
Mapping
Predicate–Object
Mapping
…
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R2RML: Predicate–Object Map
Triple Mapping
Source Table
Subject Mapping
Predicate–Object
Mapping
Predicate–Object
Mapping
…
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R2RML: Reference Object Map
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R2RML: Reference Object Map
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R2RML: Reference Object Map
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Summary of Triple Map Structure
* zero or more + one or more
(otherwise, precisely one)
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R2RML: Graph Maps
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R2RML …
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RDB2RDF
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RDB2RDF: Surfacing (some of) the Deep Web
Surface Web
Deep Web
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Questions?