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TRANSCRIPT
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ooff YYoouurr CCoolllleecctteedd PPhhoottooss
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Each family has albums or boxes of pictures newspaper clippings documents
personal correspondence and keepsakes gathering dust in an attic or basement
Following the deaths of my grandmother and great-aunt last year the family was faced
with the task of analyzing and sorting years of accumulated ldquotreasuresrdquo We studied
photographs for hints to identify smiling faces and read entire yellowed newspapers
looking for ldquosomethingrdquo connected to the woman who kept the copy I vowed to go
home and label photos videos and treasures ranging from school variety show
programs to menus from vacation destinations Okay I havenrsquot done it ndash but I WANT to
When my sons were young I started a tradition that
turned out to be one of my better ideas At 1201 am on
January 1 of each year we took photos that became the
first pages in a brand new album The early albums were
filled cover to cover but recent volumes are maybe half
full This is not because I stopped taking pictures of my
beautiful family or we didnrsquot do anything worth
remembering I simply took the pictures and forgot them
I now have hundreds of photos held captive on digital
cameras CDs memory cards and websites hidden from
society or at least the family
Some photographs and keepsakes are private Although we donrsquot destroy them we
donrsquot share them with anyone else However other items are longing to be shared with
family friends and community members These mementoes may tell a story
themselves or may need the accompaniment of an explanation or supporting details
about people places or a time leading up to or following an event
We tell our stories to children (by children I mean
sons daughters nieces nephews grandchildren
neighbor kids or any poor tot in an act that
reminds us of ldquothat time whenhelliprdquo) Although we
like to believe they hang on every word if I ask
my sons for details about how my pinkie was
nearly severed as a child I donrsquot think they could
do the story justice
INTRODUCTION
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At one time families gathered for Sunday dinner and shared stories over and over
again Sometimes there was a new detail (that rsquo41 Ford was blue not brown) but the
moral of the story or whoever was to blame remained constant As families spread
across the country or world these opportunities may come once a year or less
How do we share these memories and keepsakes
The Library of Congress and other institutions have collected
millions of items to offer a glimpse of life at another time and
place Major historical events are typically documented by the
media and we can access items to help us remember details
It is important to document and archive OUR lives as well
The media doesnrsquot follow me around but I want my future
grandchildren to know about my childhood in southern Illinois
and my hometown with a population of 200 It is my
responsibility to share those stories in interesting and
engaging ways
We will look at gathering preserving and presenting
our personal primary sources Before assembling a
collection it is important to designate a purpose and
intended audience Methods we use to preserve
materials will be driven by the means we choose to
share our collection Finally steps are taken to share
our personal primary sources through print electronic
file sharing websites or social networks (These are
only options ndash internet use is NOT mandatory)
This is a wonderful way to have conversations with
the generation before us that arenrsquot as awkward as
ldquoBy the way before you die will you tell me
abouthelliprdquo and to share information with the
generation after us without the eye rolling and hefty
sighs
The most important thing --- have fun and you may
learn something while yoursquore at it
For additional information contact Cindy Rich PhD Eastern Illinois University
at cwricheiuedu
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What digitized resources are out there
They are created with a specific purpose and target audience
The Library of Congress has digitized more than 15 million primary sources that are
available to anyone on their website at wwwlocgov More specifically visit American
Memory to search through collections at httpmemorylocgovammem
They also feature collections like the Veteranrsquos History Project that collects
preserves and makes accessible the personal accounts of American war veterans so
that future generations may hear directly from
veterans and better understand the realities of
war The website can be found at
wwwlocgovvets
SECTION ONE
Enter a search term here
After clicking on GALLERY VIEW we see images of 803 items that have mail train in the description
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Closer to home
Eastern Illinois Universityrsquos Booth Library has digital collections at the website
httpwwwlibraryeiueduresourcesdigitalhtml
Donrsquot miss the link to the
Booth Library Digital
Photo Archive that allows
you to browse by topics
These images were displayed when
selecting the topic ldquocampus buildingsrdquo-
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Establish Purpose ndash What story do you want to tell
I want to gather ________________________________________
(photos documents clippings recipes keepsakes images maps etc)
connected to __________________________________________
(theme)
to share information about _______________________________
(may be same theme)
with ________________________________________________
(audience)
SECTION TWO
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Some help with themes ndash
An excerpt from the article Ten Easy Steps to Writing Your Family History by Valerie Holladay in Ancestry Magazine JulyAugust 2003 Col 21 No 4 httpwwwancestrycomlearnlibraryarticleaspxarticle=8409ampprint=1 Deciding the Type of History to Write A family history can be a chronological timeline of your ancestorsrsquo movements since their arrival in a new country a family tree with biographical sketches of individuals or a compilation of family stories Below are some forms your family history could take Pedigree charts relay information but arenrsquot fun to read You can begin with yourself and work backward or begin with a specific ancestor and work toward the present day Memoirnarrative A combination of story and personal experience can be very effective One benefit of this form for the writer is that neither memoir nor narrative needs to be all-inclusive or objective Also many people find these forms the most enjoyable to read and to write Pictorial history A collection of photos where people and events are identified is another fun way to tell your familyrsquos story Place your photos in chronological order and add biographical sketches and descriptions of events to complement the pictures You can also include images that reflect the familyrsquos life such as schools homes tombstones churches farms businesses etc Family profiles Even without pictures a collection of remembered stories about family members and ancestors is a valuable gift to your family (For variety set these profiles in newspaper or magazine style) Letters and diaries You donrsquot need to write everything yourself Include the voices of your ancestors wherever possible through their letters and diaries Depending on your end goal a compilation of letters and diaries may be all you want to do Official documents and maps Collect copies of documents such as wills land grants military records court records educational transcripts copies or extracts from letters or journals Maps can be incorporated chronologically or they can be placed in their own section as appendixes Cookbook family history Compile family recipes and intersperse them with family stories This is especially effective when cooking and eating together are popular family traditions A combination of personal story photos and family trees Most family histories fall into this category The stories and photos combine to create an informative and enjoyable family history the family trees provide information at a glance
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Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
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List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
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Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
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Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
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Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
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Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
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Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
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Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
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Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
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Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
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Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
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Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
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Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
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Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
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Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
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Page 2
Each family has albums or boxes of pictures newspaper clippings documents
personal correspondence and keepsakes gathering dust in an attic or basement
Following the deaths of my grandmother and great-aunt last year the family was faced
with the task of analyzing and sorting years of accumulated ldquotreasuresrdquo We studied
photographs for hints to identify smiling faces and read entire yellowed newspapers
looking for ldquosomethingrdquo connected to the woman who kept the copy I vowed to go
home and label photos videos and treasures ranging from school variety show
programs to menus from vacation destinations Okay I havenrsquot done it ndash but I WANT to
When my sons were young I started a tradition that
turned out to be one of my better ideas At 1201 am on
January 1 of each year we took photos that became the
first pages in a brand new album The early albums were
filled cover to cover but recent volumes are maybe half
full This is not because I stopped taking pictures of my
beautiful family or we didnrsquot do anything worth
remembering I simply took the pictures and forgot them
I now have hundreds of photos held captive on digital
cameras CDs memory cards and websites hidden from
society or at least the family
Some photographs and keepsakes are private Although we donrsquot destroy them we
donrsquot share them with anyone else However other items are longing to be shared with
family friends and community members These mementoes may tell a story
themselves or may need the accompaniment of an explanation or supporting details
about people places or a time leading up to or following an event
We tell our stories to children (by children I mean
sons daughters nieces nephews grandchildren
neighbor kids or any poor tot in an act that
reminds us of ldquothat time whenhelliprdquo) Although we
like to believe they hang on every word if I ask
my sons for details about how my pinkie was
nearly severed as a child I donrsquot think they could
do the story justice
INTRODUCTION
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Page 3
At one time families gathered for Sunday dinner and shared stories over and over
again Sometimes there was a new detail (that rsquo41 Ford was blue not brown) but the
moral of the story or whoever was to blame remained constant As families spread
across the country or world these opportunities may come once a year or less
How do we share these memories and keepsakes
The Library of Congress and other institutions have collected
millions of items to offer a glimpse of life at another time and
place Major historical events are typically documented by the
media and we can access items to help us remember details
It is important to document and archive OUR lives as well
The media doesnrsquot follow me around but I want my future
grandchildren to know about my childhood in southern Illinois
and my hometown with a population of 200 It is my
responsibility to share those stories in interesting and
engaging ways
We will look at gathering preserving and presenting
our personal primary sources Before assembling a
collection it is important to designate a purpose and
intended audience Methods we use to preserve
materials will be driven by the means we choose to
share our collection Finally steps are taken to share
our personal primary sources through print electronic
file sharing websites or social networks (These are
only options ndash internet use is NOT mandatory)
This is a wonderful way to have conversations with
the generation before us that arenrsquot as awkward as
ldquoBy the way before you die will you tell me
abouthelliprdquo and to share information with the
generation after us without the eye rolling and hefty
sighs
The most important thing --- have fun and you may
learn something while yoursquore at it
For additional information contact Cindy Rich PhD Eastern Illinois University
at cwricheiuedu
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 4
What digitized resources are out there
They are created with a specific purpose and target audience
The Library of Congress has digitized more than 15 million primary sources that are
available to anyone on their website at wwwlocgov More specifically visit American
Memory to search through collections at httpmemorylocgovammem
They also feature collections like the Veteranrsquos History Project that collects
preserves and makes accessible the personal accounts of American war veterans so
that future generations may hear directly from
veterans and better understand the realities of
war The website can be found at
wwwlocgovvets
SECTION ONE
Enter a search term here
After clicking on GALLERY VIEW we see images of 803 items that have mail train in the description
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 5
Closer to home
Eastern Illinois Universityrsquos Booth Library has digital collections at the website
httpwwwlibraryeiueduresourcesdigitalhtml
Donrsquot miss the link to the
Booth Library Digital
Photo Archive that allows
you to browse by topics
These images were displayed when
selecting the topic ldquocampus buildingsrdquo-
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 6
Establish Purpose ndash What story do you want to tell
I want to gather ________________________________________
(photos documents clippings recipes keepsakes images maps etc)
connected to __________________________________________
(theme)
to share information about _______________________________
(may be same theme)
with ________________________________________________
(audience)
SECTION TWO
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 7
Some help with themes ndash
An excerpt from the article Ten Easy Steps to Writing Your Family History by Valerie Holladay in Ancestry Magazine JulyAugust 2003 Col 21 No 4 httpwwwancestrycomlearnlibraryarticleaspxarticle=8409ampprint=1 Deciding the Type of History to Write A family history can be a chronological timeline of your ancestorsrsquo movements since their arrival in a new country a family tree with biographical sketches of individuals or a compilation of family stories Below are some forms your family history could take Pedigree charts relay information but arenrsquot fun to read You can begin with yourself and work backward or begin with a specific ancestor and work toward the present day Memoirnarrative A combination of story and personal experience can be very effective One benefit of this form for the writer is that neither memoir nor narrative needs to be all-inclusive or objective Also many people find these forms the most enjoyable to read and to write Pictorial history A collection of photos where people and events are identified is another fun way to tell your familyrsquos story Place your photos in chronological order and add biographical sketches and descriptions of events to complement the pictures You can also include images that reflect the familyrsquos life such as schools homes tombstones churches farms businesses etc Family profiles Even without pictures a collection of remembered stories about family members and ancestors is a valuable gift to your family (For variety set these profiles in newspaper or magazine style) Letters and diaries You donrsquot need to write everything yourself Include the voices of your ancestors wherever possible through their letters and diaries Depending on your end goal a compilation of letters and diaries may be all you want to do Official documents and maps Collect copies of documents such as wills land grants military records court records educational transcripts copies or extracts from letters or journals Maps can be incorporated chronologically or they can be placed in their own section as appendixes Cookbook family history Compile family recipes and intersperse them with family stories This is especially effective when cooking and eating together are popular family traditions A combination of personal story photos and family trees Most family histories fall into this category The stories and photos combine to create an informative and enjoyable family history the family trees provide information at a glance
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Page 8
Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
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Page 3
At one time families gathered for Sunday dinner and shared stories over and over
again Sometimes there was a new detail (that rsquo41 Ford was blue not brown) but the
moral of the story or whoever was to blame remained constant As families spread
across the country or world these opportunities may come once a year or less
How do we share these memories and keepsakes
The Library of Congress and other institutions have collected
millions of items to offer a glimpse of life at another time and
place Major historical events are typically documented by the
media and we can access items to help us remember details
It is important to document and archive OUR lives as well
The media doesnrsquot follow me around but I want my future
grandchildren to know about my childhood in southern Illinois
and my hometown with a population of 200 It is my
responsibility to share those stories in interesting and
engaging ways
We will look at gathering preserving and presenting
our personal primary sources Before assembling a
collection it is important to designate a purpose and
intended audience Methods we use to preserve
materials will be driven by the means we choose to
share our collection Finally steps are taken to share
our personal primary sources through print electronic
file sharing websites or social networks (These are
only options ndash internet use is NOT mandatory)
This is a wonderful way to have conversations with
the generation before us that arenrsquot as awkward as
ldquoBy the way before you die will you tell me
abouthelliprdquo and to share information with the
generation after us without the eye rolling and hefty
sighs
The most important thing --- have fun and you may
learn something while yoursquore at it
For additional information contact Cindy Rich PhD Eastern Illinois University
at cwricheiuedu
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 4
What digitized resources are out there
They are created with a specific purpose and target audience
The Library of Congress has digitized more than 15 million primary sources that are
available to anyone on their website at wwwlocgov More specifically visit American
Memory to search through collections at httpmemorylocgovammem
They also feature collections like the Veteranrsquos History Project that collects
preserves and makes accessible the personal accounts of American war veterans so
that future generations may hear directly from
veterans and better understand the realities of
war The website can be found at
wwwlocgovvets
SECTION ONE
Enter a search term here
After clicking on GALLERY VIEW we see images of 803 items that have mail train in the description
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 5
Closer to home
Eastern Illinois Universityrsquos Booth Library has digital collections at the website
httpwwwlibraryeiueduresourcesdigitalhtml
Donrsquot miss the link to the
Booth Library Digital
Photo Archive that allows
you to browse by topics
These images were displayed when
selecting the topic ldquocampus buildingsrdquo-
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 6
Establish Purpose ndash What story do you want to tell
I want to gather ________________________________________
(photos documents clippings recipes keepsakes images maps etc)
connected to __________________________________________
(theme)
to share information about _______________________________
(may be same theme)
with ________________________________________________
(audience)
SECTION TWO
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 7
Some help with themes ndash
An excerpt from the article Ten Easy Steps to Writing Your Family History by Valerie Holladay in Ancestry Magazine JulyAugust 2003 Col 21 No 4 httpwwwancestrycomlearnlibraryarticleaspxarticle=8409ampprint=1 Deciding the Type of History to Write A family history can be a chronological timeline of your ancestorsrsquo movements since their arrival in a new country a family tree with biographical sketches of individuals or a compilation of family stories Below are some forms your family history could take Pedigree charts relay information but arenrsquot fun to read You can begin with yourself and work backward or begin with a specific ancestor and work toward the present day Memoirnarrative A combination of story and personal experience can be very effective One benefit of this form for the writer is that neither memoir nor narrative needs to be all-inclusive or objective Also many people find these forms the most enjoyable to read and to write Pictorial history A collection of photos where people and events are identified is another fun way to tell your familyrsquos story Place your photos in chronological order and add biographical sketches and descriptions of events to complement the pictures You can also include images that reflect the familyrsquos life such as schools homes tombstones churches farms businesses etc Family profiles Even without pictures a collection of remembered stories about family members and ancestors is a valuable gift to your family (For variety set these profiles in newspaper or magazine style) Letters and diaries You donrsquot need to write everything yourself Include the voices of your ancestors wherever possible through their letters and diaries Depending on your end goal a compilation of letters and diaries may be all you want to do Official documents and maps Collect copies of documents such as wills land grants military records court records educational transcripts copies or extracts from letters or journals Maps can be incorporated chronologically or they can be placed in their own section as appendixes Cookbook family history Compile family recipes and intersperse them with family stories This is especially effective when cooking and eating together are popular family traditions A combination of personal story photos and family trees Most family histories fall into this category The stories and photos combine to create an informative and enjoyable family history the family trees provide information at a glance
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 8
Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 4
What digitized resources are out there
They are created with a specific purpose and target audience
The Library of Congress has digitized more than 15 million primary sources that are
available to anyone on their website at wwwlocgov More specifically visit American
Memory to search through collections at httpmemorylocgovammem
They also feature collections like the Veteranrsquos History Project that collects
preserves and makes accessible the personal accounts of American war veterans so
that future generations may hear directly from
veterans and better understand the realities of
war The website can be found at
wwwlocgovvets
SECTION ONE
Enter a search term here
After clicking on GALLERY VIEW we see images of 803 items that have mail train in the description
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 5
Closer to home
Eastern Illinois Universityrsquos Booth Library has digital collections at the website
httpwwwlibraryeiueduresourcesdigitalhtml
Donrsquot miss the link to the
Booth Library Digital
Photo Archive that allows
you to browse by topics
These images were displayed when
selecting the topic ldquocampus buildingsrdquo-
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 6
Establish Purpose ndash What story do you want to tell
I want to gather ________________________________________
(photos documents clippings recipes keepsakes images maps etc)
connected to __________________________________________
(theme)
to share information about _______________________________
(may be same theme)
with ________________________________________________
(audience)
SECTION TWO
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 7
Some help with themes ndash
An excerpt from the article Ten Easy Steps to Writing Your Family History by Valerie Holladay in Ancestry Magazine JulyAugust 2003 Col 21 No 4 httpwwwancestrycomlearnlibraryarticleaspxarticle=8409ampprint=1 Deciding the Type of History to Write A family history can be a chronological timeline of your ancestorsrsquo movements since their arrival in a new country a family tree with biographical sketches of individuals or a compilation of family stories Below are some forms your family history could take Pedigree charts relay information but arenrsquot fun to read You can begin with yourself and work backward or begin with a specific ancestor and work toward the present day Memoirnarrative A combination of story and personal experience can be very effective One benefit of this form for the writer is that neither memoir nor narrative needs to be all-inclusive or objective Also many people find these forms the most enjoyable to read and to write Pictorial history A collection of photos where people and events are identified is another fun way to tell your familyrsquos story Place your photos in chronological order and add biographical sketches and descriptions of events to complement the pictures You can also include images that reflect the familyrsquos life such as schools homes tombstones churches farms businesses etc Family profiles Even without pictures a collection of remembered stories about family members and ancestors is a valuable gift to your family (For variety set these profiles in newspaper or magazine style) Letters and diaries You donrsquot need to write everything yourself Include the voices of your ancestors wherever possible through their letters and diaries Depending on your end goal a compilation of letters and diaries may be all you want to do Official documents and maps Collect copies of documents such as wills land grants military records court records educational transcripts copies or extracts from letters or journals Maps can be incorporated chronologically or they can be placed in their own section as appendixes Cookbook family history Compile family recipes and intersperse them with family stories This is especially effective when cooking and eating together are popular family traditions A combination of personal story photos and family trees Most family histories fall into this category The stories and photos combine to create an informative and enjoyable family history the family trees provide information at a glance
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 8
Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 5
Closer to home
Eastern Illinois Universityrsquos Booth Library has digital collections at the website
httpwwwlibraryeiueduresourcesdigitalhtml
Donrsquot miss the link to the
Booth Library Digital
Photo Archive that allows
you to browse by topics
These images were displayed when
selecting the topic ldquocampus buildingsrdquo-
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 6
Establish Purpose ndash What story do you want to tell
I want to gather ________________________________________
(photos documents clippings recipes keepsakes images maps etc)
connected to __________________________________________
(theme)
to share information about _______________________________
(may be same theme)
with ________________________________________________
(audience)
SECTION TWO
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 7
Some help with themes ndash
An excerpt from the article Ten Easy Steps to Writing Your Family History by Valerie Holladay in Ancestry Magazine JulyAugust 2003 Col 21 No 4 httpwwwancestrycomlearnlibraryarticleaspxarticle=8409ampprint=1 Deciding the Type of History to Write A family history can be a chronological timeline of your ancestorsrsquo movements since their arrival in a new country a family tree with biographical sketches of individuals or a compilation of family stories Below are some forms your family history could take Pedigree charts relay information but arenrsquot fun to read You can begin with yourself and work backward or begin with a specific ancestor and work toward the present day Memoirnarrative A combination of story and personal experience can be very effective One benefit of this form for the writer is that neither memoir nor narrative needs to be all-inclusive or objective Also many people find these forms the most enjoyable to read and to write Pictorial history A collection of photos where people and events are identified is another fun way to tell your familyrsquos story Place your photos in chronological order and add biographical sketches and descriptions of events to complement the pictures You can also include images that reflect the familyrsquos life such as schools homes tombstones churches farms businesses etc Family profiles Even without pictures a collection of remembered stories about family members and ancestors is a valuable gift to your family (For variety set these profiles in newspaper or magazine style) Letters and diaries You donrsquot need to write everything yourself Include the voices of your ancestors wherever possible through their letters and diaries Depending on your end goal a compilation of letters and diaries may be all you want to do Official documents and maps Collect copies of documents such as wills land grants military records court records educational transcripts copies or extracts from letters or journals Maps can be incorporated chronologically or they can be placed in their own section as appendixes Cookbook family history Compile family recipes and intersperse them with family stories This is especially effective when cooking and eating together are popular family traditions A combination of personal story photos and family trees Most family histories fall into this category The stories and photos combine to create an informative and enjoyable family history the family trees provide information at a glance
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 8
Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 6
Establish Purpose ndash What story do you want to tell
I want to gather ________________________________________
(photos documents clippings recipes keepsakes images maps etc)
connected to __________________________________________
(theme)
to share information about _______________________________
(may be same theme)
with ________________________________________________
(audience)
SECTION TWO
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 7
Some help with themes ndash
An excerpt from the article Ten Easy Steps to Writing Your Family History by Valerie Holladay in Ancestry Magazine JulyAugust 2003 Col 21 No 4 httpwwwancestrycomlearnlibraryarticleaspxarticle=8409ampprint=1 Deciding the Type of History to Write A family history can be a chronological timeline of your ancestorsrsquo movements since their arrival in a new country a family tree with biographical sketches of individuals or a compilation of family stories Below are some forms your family history could take Pedigree charts relay information but arenrsquot fun to read You can begin with yourself and work backward or begin with a specific ancestor and work toward the present day Memoirnarrative A combination of story and personal experience can be very effective One benefit of this form for the writer is that neither memoir nor narrative needs to be all-inclusive or objective Also many people find these forms the most enjoyable to read and to write Pictorial history A collection of photos where people and events are identified is another fun way to tell your familyrsquos story Place your photos in chronological order and add biographical sketches and descriptions of events to complement the pictures You can also include images that reflect the familyrsquos life such as schools homes tombstones churches farms businesses etc Family profiles Even without pictures a collection of remembered stories about family members and ancestors is a valuable gift to your family (For variety set these profiles in newspaper or magazine style) Letters and diaries You donrsquot need to write everything yourself Include the voices of your ancestors wherever possible through their letters and diaries Depending on your end goal a compilation of letters and diaries may be all you want to do Official documents and maps Collect copies of documents such as wills land grants military records court records educational transcripts copies or extracts from letters or journals Maps can be incorporated chronologically or they can be placed in their own section as appendixes Cookbook family history Compile family recipes and intersperse them with family stories This is especially effective when cooking and eating together are popular family traditions A combination of personal story photos and family trees Most family histories fall into this category The stories and photos combine to create an informative and enjoyable family history the family trees provide information at a glance
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 8
Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
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Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
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Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 7
Some help with themes ndash
An excerpt from the article Ten Easy Steps to Writing Your Family History by Valerie Holladay in Ancestry Magazine JulyAugust 2003 Col 21 No 4 httpwwwancestrycomlearnlibraryarticleaspxarticle=8409ampprint=1 Deciding the Type of History to Write A family history can be a chronological timeline of your ancestorsrsquo movements since their arrival in a new country a family tree with biographical sketches of individuals or a compilation of family stories Below are some forms your family history could take Pedigree charts relay information but arenrsquot fun to read You can begin with yourself and work backward or begin with a specific ancestor and work toward the present day Memoirnarrative A combination of story and personal experience can be very effective One benefit of this form for the writer is that neither memoir nor narrative needs to be all-inclusive or objective Also many people find these forms the most enjoyable to read and to write Pictorial history A collection of photos where people and events are identified is another fun way to tell your familyrsquos story Place your photos in chronological order and add biographical sketches and descriptions of events to complement the pictures You can also include images that reflect the familyrsquos life such as schools homes tombstones churches farms businesses etc Family profiles Even without pictures a collection of remembered stories about family members and ancestors is a valuable gift to your family (For variety set these profiles in newspaper or magazine style) Letters and diaries You donrsquot need to write everything yourself Include the voices of your ancestors wherever possible through their letters and diaries Depending on your end goal a compilation of letters and diaries may be all you want to do Official documents and maps Collect copies of documents such as wills land grants military records court records educational transcripts copies or extracts from letters or journals Maps can be incorporated chronologically or they can be placed in their own section as appendixes Cookbook family history Compile family recipes and intersperse them with family stories This is especially effective when cooking and eating together are popular family traditions A combination of personal story photos and family trees Most family histories fall into this category The stories and photos combine to create an informative and enjoyable family history the family trees provide information at a glance
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Page 8
Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
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Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
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Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
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Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
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Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
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Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
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Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
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Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
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Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
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Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
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Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
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Page 8
Autobiography Prompts
The Beginning of the Story of
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name)
My first name was chosen because _____________________________________
My middle name was chosen because _____________________________________
I was born on _________ (day of week) ____________________ ___________ (date)
in __________________________________ (city) ___________ (state) at
________________________ (hospital or location if known)
I was born at ____________________________ (time)
I was ________________ long and weighed ______ pounds _____ ounces
They thought I was going to be born on _________________________ (due date)
Special circumstances about my birth _______________________________________
My father is __________________________________________________________
My mother is _________________________________________________________
If I was the opposite sex my name would have been ___________________________
We lived at _________________________________________ (address) in a
___________________________ (describe home) with _______________ (occupants)
I was born number _____ of ______ children I have _____ sisters and ____ brothers
My siblings names are ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
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Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
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Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
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Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
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Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
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Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
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Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
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Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
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Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
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Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
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Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
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Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
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Page 9
My Homes
Tell about each home you lived in during your life When possible include photos and
maps
For each home
Address
______________________________________________________________
Mental Walk-Through
o Close your eyes and walk through the front door and tell about each room
ndash what colors fabrics smells and sounds come to mind
Rooms
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
o List at least ten memories or facts about life while you lived in this house
1 _______________________________________________
2 _______________________________________________
3 _______________________________________________
4 _______________________________________________
5 _______________________________________________
6 _______________________________________________
7 _______________________________________________
8 _______________________________________________
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________
The neighborhood _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
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Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
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Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
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Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
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Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
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Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
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Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 10
My Grandparent
__________________________________ (Full Birth Name) was born on
_______________ _______ (date) in _________________ (city) _________ (state)
___________ (nickname) was born number ___ of ___ children and had __ sisters amp
__ brothers named _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Hisher father is _______________________________________________________
Hisher mother is _______________________________________________________
_____________ married ________________________ on _________________ (date)
at __________________________________________ (location if known)
Heshe worked as ______________________________________________________
One important memory I have with _____________________ is __________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What I know of hisher parents _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One of the best things about ________________________ is ____________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
A smell I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A sound I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
A color I associate with himher is ________________ because __________________
______________________________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 11
List ten things for the categories for inspirationhellip
1 Birthday Memories
2 Pets
3 Things you did for fun as a child or now
4 Possessions to pass to future generations
5 Vacations or trips
6 Music (played or listened to)
7 Jobs
8 Best Friends
9 Favorite Foods or Recipes
10 Favorite Things I Wore
11 My Injuries
12 Vehicles
Firsts
Think back to some of your first experiences and share those memories
First Pet ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Kiss ______________________________________________________________
First Car ______________________________________________________________
First Drivers License _____________________________________________________
First Home Away from Home ______________________________________________
First Job ______________________________________________________________
First ____________ _____________________________________________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
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Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
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Page 12
Gathering artifacts ndash What should I collect
ANYTHING amp EVERYTHING
Photos Artwork
Documents
Clippings
Home Movies Recordings
Decorations
Patches or Insignia
Certificates
Receipts
Brochures
Deeds and Titles
SECTION THREE
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Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
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Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
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Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 13
Things to Consider and Places to Look
(Inspired by Loursquos 300 Family History Sources Checklist ndash Home Sources from
ancestrymagazineorg)
Address books
Adoption papers
Application copies (jobs schools
organizations)
Autobiographies
Autograph Albums
Awards
Baby books
BaptismChristening records
Bibles
Birth certificates
Birthday books and cards
Cassette tapes DVDs amp
home movies
Cemetery Deeds
Christmas letters
Citizenshipnaturalization papers
Contracts
Death Certificates
Deeds
Diaries
Diplomas
Embroidery
Employment records
Family cards and letters
Family histories
Family newsletters
Family tree charts
Funeral records
Journals
Heirlooms
Hobbies talents
Hospital records
Insurance papers
Jewelry with engraving insignia or
photos
Leases
Letters of administration
Licenses
Marriage documents
Medals and trophies
Membership cards papers pin etc
Memorial cards
Military records and
certificates
Neighborhoods
Newspaper clippings
Obituaries
Passports
Pension
records
Photographs
Postcards
Religious Records
Resumes
School records
Scrapbooks
Service medals
Social Security cards
Tax returnsdocuments
Telegrams
Titles
Traditionsfamily stories
Wedding invitations
Wills
Yearbook
____________________
____________________
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
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Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
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Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 14
Preserving my artifacts
The Originals
Protecting Your Family Treasures Every Day httpwwwlocgovpreservfamilytreasuresftprotecthtml
Prevention The most important thing you can do to safe guard your treasures is to store them in a stable cool and dry environment Spaces with high temperatures and dampness or fluctuating conditions like most attics and basements are unsuitable for long-term safekeeping If you must store in the basement or attic place the items in plastic tubs or bins and ensure that lids are secured tightly Handling Tips for Several Types of Treasures
Books bull Shelve upright supported by book ends if needed bull Store large volumes flat bull Support books when removing and carrying them bull Dont pull on the headcap (top of the spine) of a book bull Dont press pages of a book down to provide a flat opening if there is resistance in the spine (this will break the paper andor the binding)
Paper bull Store paper items flat rather than folding and unfolding bull Paper materials may be stored in acid-free file folders bull Avoid using pressure-sensitive tapes (including archival) that can cause disfigurement embrittlement of paper and alteration of inks
Photographs bull House photos in protective enclosures to keep out gritty dirt and dust which can scratch images bull Avoid pressure-sensitive tapes and rubber cement bull Remove materials such as cardboard rubber bands paper clips bull PVC slide pages identified by a strong plastic odor should never be used because of extreme chemical reactivity Look for plastics marked polyethylene and polypropylene bull Store prints and negatives in acid-free boxes If possible keep negatives separate from prints Store color transparenciesslides in acid-free or metal boxes or in slide pages made from polypropylene bull Place early miniature-cased photographs carefully into acid-free paper envelopes and house flat bull Storage in albums that utilize archival-quality materials Avoid albums with highly colored pages and magnetic or no stick albums as they deteriorate quickly over time and could damage photographs
SECTION FOUR
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 15
Recorded Sound
bull Store discs tape and cylinders upright Do not lay any recording flat not even audio or videocassettes bull Do not touch the playing surface of any recording For cylinders handle by inserting middle and index fingers in the center hole then gently spread them to just keep the cylinder from slipping off
Paintings bull Display paintings with a protective backing board attached An acid-free mat board screwed to the reverse of a painting will keep out dust and foreign objects and protect during handling Be sure that the backing board covers the entire back of the picture and is attached to the reverse of the stretcher or strainer not to the frame
Textiles bull Wood cardboard and many plastics and metals are poor storage materials because they emit volatile acids or chemicals If they are the only option place a barrier such as heavy-duty foil between the object and support Avoid tightly sealed cases plastic bags etc since they can trap vapors and create high humidity problems bull Storage materials such as archival-quality rolling tubes and storage boxes are available bull Vacuum textiles to remove dust and physical contaminants and discourage insects and molds For fragile or three-dimensional textiles dust with a soft brush in the nozzle of a vacuum For large or sturdy textiles vacuum with an up and down motion (lifting not dragging the nozzle) through a sheet of flexible plastic screening
Furniture bull Move furniture out of direct sunlight use blinds or curtains to diffuse sunlight bull Wood will react to changes in humidity by expanding or contracting which can crack or split the surface Maintain a constant environment with air conditioning or dehumidifiers and humidifiers for dry air bull Furniture oils are not recommended as many contain linseed oil or drying oils that can create a sticky surface that darkens the wood bull The best way to care for clear varnished furniture is with a coating of good paste wax available at most hardware stores Do not wax furniture that is painted or has a flaking finish
Displaying
General bull Avoid the basement attic or any other place with extremes in temperature and humidity A stable cool dry environment is best If you display in basement use a dehumidifier in the attic use a fan during the summer months Overly dry conditions cause leather to crack Damp conditions cause mold If you are unable to store materials under ideal environmental conditions (68ordmF amp 40 relative humidity) incremental improvements can be beneficial Simply moving items from an attic with 85ordmF and 80RH to a room that has 75ordmF and 60RH conditions can increase the life of treasures by 3frac12 times Moving things from hot humid attic conditions to an environment of 68ordmF and 40RH provides a tenfold improvement in
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 16
the life of paper artifacts such as family photographs and Bibles bull Avoid hanging pieces on outside walls but if you must request that a moisture barrier be placed in the mat package bull Avoid hanging framed objects directly above working fire places or radiators
Light bull Direct sunlight can cause fading When displaying family treasures try to follow the following tips for matting and framing bull Sunlight and fluorescent lights emit high amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation Glassacrylic can be bought with added UV filtering components to reduce damaging effects UV filtration does not eliminate damage caused by visible light bull Avoid hanging objects in direct sunlight or any intense light source Control exposure to ultra violet light through glazing or placement Occasionally rotate to cut down light exposure bull Lights that attach to the top of the frame can be dangerous These lights cast a harsh glare illuminate and heat unevenly and can fall into the artwork causing burns or tears
Mounting bull Matmounting board should be acid-free bull Avoid object contact with glass or acrylic sheets especially photographs that may adhere to glazing Use a window mat bull The window mat should be secured to the back mat board with tape adhered along one side only to prevent sliding around over the object The object should not come in contact with the tape bull Attach to the mat using non-adhesive attachments -- such as acid-free paper or polyester film corners and strips bull Glass or acrylic sheets (eg PlexiglasregLucitereg Perspexreg and Lexanreg) should be used Acrylic sheets are lighter and shatterproof but develop a static charge and should not be used with dry unfixed pastels charcoals soft pencil or any other powdery media
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 17
Preserving Primary Sources Electronically
Scanning and Digital Photos ndash The Vocabulary
SCANNING101 httpwwwdigmypicscomScanning101aspx
You may choose to scan your items or take digital photos to create electronic files These terms will help you either way digital (dijitool)
Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros Computers are digital machines because they only read information as on or off - 1 or 0 Digital information can be copied edited and moved without losing quality Because of the benefits digital information offers it has become the most common way of storing and reading data (source techtermscom)
resolution (rezuhlooshun)
The number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display the greater the resolution the better the picture 1 A small monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 means 640 pixels horizontally across the screen and 480 pixels vertically 2 Printer resolution measures how fine a printer can print This is known as dots per inch or dpi The greater the dpi the better image clarity Scanner resolution is also measured in dpi (source techtermscom)
pixel (piksel)
The smallest element of an image that can be individually processed in a video display system The greater the number of pixels per inch the greater resolution The number of pixels in one inch of a graphical image like a photo is expressed in terms of PPI (pixels per inch) or more commonly DPI(Dots Per Inch)
dpi (dpi)
Dots Per Inch DPI is a measure of printing resolution- the number of individual dots of ink a printer can produce within a linear one-inch (254 cm) space The dpi measure in scanning impacts the quality of a final printed version You need a higher dpi (or ppi) for a printer to match the quality of an image on a screen Example 72dpi created a clear image for the web but to print a quality image the dpi should ideally be around 300dpi because a monitor can display more colors than a printer can
Megapixel (meguhpiksel)
A megapixel is one million pixels and is commonly used to describe resolution of digital cameras A 72 megapixel camera can capture roughly 7200000 pixels The higher the megapixel number the more detail the camera can capture Therefore the megapixel count is a significant specification to look for when buying a digital camera (source techtermscom)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 18
Scanning Your Family History Bring the Past Into The PresentmdashAnd Future By Marc Saltzman httpwwwmicrosoftcomwindowsxpusingdigitalphotography Tips for successful scanning The great thing about scanning pictures or family items is that you can experiment with your scan to ensure that you get the image you want If you dont like what youve scanned simply delete the file from your computer and start again Here are some tips to keep in mind when youre scanning photos documents or objects
1 Rename scanned images to names you can easily find later It will take less time to search for a file called grandma mary 1950tif than to find a file named CSX0001tif
2 The TIF (pronounced tiff) file format is the format of choice for archiving scanned images because of its high quality and universal support If you plan to send the scanned images by e-mail however youll want to convert the files
to JPG format which is compressed to a much smaller and more manageable size
3 For color items or photos the higher the dpi resolution (for example 2400) the better the quality of the scan Set your scanner to 32-bit or 48-bit color for better quality over say 16-bit color Be aware that higher dpi and color depth make for a larger file size
4 Use the gray scale option to scan black and white documents or images 5 Before you experiment with a scanned image such as editing cropping rotating or resizing it be sure to make a backup of the original file in case you make a mistake 6 Never force down the lid on bulky objects as this could crack the scanners glass Instead drape a black cloth on top of the object to block out light from above 7 When scanning a 3-D object such as a watch or necklace place a clear transparency on the glass to protect it from scratches 8 If after scanning a 3-D object you have an image thats too dark place a piece of white paper or a small white cloth on top of the object instead of closing the lid 9 Periodically clean the scanner glass and be sure the underside of the lid is clear of dirt lint hair or bits of paper
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 19
Comparing Resolutions Here are two photos that I scanned Can you see a difference The photos in the top row were scanned at 100 dpi (photo B = 815 KB)
The photos in the second row were scanned at 600 dpi (photo D = 736KB)
Tips for choosing a scanner bull Before shopping for a scanner think about what you plan to use it for For most projects a scanner surface thats big enough to capture a standard sheet of paper (85 x 11 inches) is sufficient
bull For high-resolution scans a scanner should capture color images at a minimum of 1200 or 2400 dots per inch (dpi) If color is important look for 48-bit color depth
bull To scan 35mm negatives or old slides look for a scanner that comes with a transparency adapter For three-dimensional objects you may want to look for a scanner with a hinged lid that lets you fit bulky objects beneath it
bull If youre in the market for additional office equipment and desk space is an issue consider an all-in-one product that combines the functionality of a scanner copier fax machine and a printer
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 20
Organizing digital files
Where to Save Two Options Hard Drive If you are working on your personal computer this is probably your best bet Portable Device If you are working on a public computer or a computer that is already very full you may want to use a portable memory option This may in the form of a CD a jump or flash drive or an external hard drive
USB Drive Memory CD DVD External Memory Card Expandable memory sources can range in size and price The chart below will give you a basic outline of how much memory a digital image will take up on different size cards and with various output resolutions Please remember these are approximate numbers of images results with your camera may vary
Resolution Mega Pixels
Capacity 30 MP 50 MP 80 MP 10 MP 12 MP 16MB 10 9 5 2 2 32MB 25 17 10 5 4 128MB 150 120 80 55 32 256MB 300 240 160 110 71 512MB 600 480 320 225 121 1GB 1200 950 600 400 260 2GB 2400 1900 1200 800 500 4GB 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 A CD holds 700 MB check DVD size
SECTION FIVE
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 21
Folders Regardless of where you save your primary sources you will want to organize them by name and folders How it workshellip Your memory device holds folders that hold files (pictures)
hold that hold
How to create folders
1 From the start menu select My Computer and your drive or memory device
2 Add a new folder-
a RIGHT CLICK on the screen and select NEW b select FOLDER from the popup menu c a new folder will appear for you to name (choose a name that will help you find items later) d you can always move items and change folder names later
3 Add all folders needed (dates
people events etc) Renaming
1 Right click on the item you want to rename 2 click RENAME 3 type the new name
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 22
Sharing
Paper
You may want create documents with Microsoft Word to share your images You can
adjust the size of the image and add text
A Few Microsoft Word Tips Fonts
1 Click Format - Font 2 The Font box will appear From this box you can customize
color size effects and style You can also see a preview of the font chosen if you highlight the text first
Page Setup 1 Click File - Page Setup
a The Page Setup box appears From here you can change Page Margins b The Orientation option allows you to choose portrait (up amp down) or
landscape (sideways)
1 Click on the Word Art icon in the drawing toolbar 2 Select the style 3 Enter Text
Wrapping Features
1 Double-click the image 2 Select the Layout tab and Select the Wrapping style you need 3 Click OK
SECTION SIX
In line with text -Computer sees and treats image like text Square -Text wraps around the image block style Tight -Text wraps around the image following image contours Behind text -Image stays behind the text In front of text -Image always stays on top of text
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 23
Insert Pictures and Clip Art
1 Click Insert on the toolbar 2 click Picture 3 click From File 4 Select the location and image you want
Picture Toolbar (a shortcut)
Insert Image (this takes you back to the insert picture window)
Color ndash Change color to Automatic (Same) Grayscale Black amp White or Washout
Contrast ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing contrast
Brightness ndash Adjust color by increasing or decreasing brightness
Crop Tool ndash drag and crop image
Rotate ndash rotates left 90 (keep clicking to keep turning)
Line Style ndash choose style and size of border to put around photo
Compress Picture ndash changes file size for various uses Text Wrapping ndash In line with text Square Tight Behind text In front of text Top and bottom Through and Edit Wrap Points
Format Picture ndash opens the format picture window
Set Transparent Color ndash removes color from one section of a photo
Reset Image ndash takes you back to the original image
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 24
Sharing photos online Create an online photo album in 5 minutes or less Stop feeling guilty about not sending photos to everyone on your list Online photo albums are one of the easiest ways to share photos You can upload pictures in a matter of minutes and when family and friends want prints they can place the order themselves Posting photos in an online album is even better than email Large photos can clog the inbox of family and friends but with a link to your photo album they can easily see any collection of images you want to share Steps to posting your photos online 1 Choose one of the online photo services Information about some of the companies and their services can be found on the next page 2 All online photo sites require a short registration form to set up a free account 3 Uploading pictures is easy
a You simply click the upload button on an online photo site find and select the images you want from your hard drive and send them directly to the site
b Photos you submit are added to your online photo album where you can preview them yourself before you share them with friends and family
c You can upload any digitized images whether you take them with a digital camera scan them into your computer or receive them in email
4 After you upload some pictures you can give access to family and friends with an
email message (And you can require passwords to ensure privacy) You may have to give them a your user name and password (if you chose to keep your album private)
a When others use the same service you can add their photos to your albums and they can copy your images to their albums
5 With your photos in an online album your friends and family (and anyone you give
access to) can order prints and more Prices for these services vary and this is how these sites make money and why they can offer the online photo album service for free
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 25
Share a Family Photo Site We found that creating one online photo album the whole family can use is a perfect way to share everyones photos When we get together with dueling digital cameras now were all set up to share them with each other right away just by uploading them to our family photo site The beauty of the family photo site is that we can all upload photos from our various computers and then view each others images online -- we can even order prints and other goodies from anyones images to remind us of the event Here are some of the most popular online photo services Reviews from httpwwwstarreviewscomPhotosaspx
Snapfish (wwwsnapfishcom) allows you to share your photos with your friends and family while keeping them away from unknown people on the Web You can send photos stored in your online photo album directly to people you know through email or their cell phone without compromising privacy Snapfish also offers a variety of in-store pickup partners We also liked Snapfishs array of photo projects available Customer support is good with speedy email support and a helpful live chat during business hours They also provide a huge detail-saturated Help section
Kodak Gallery (wwwkodakgallerycom) has a clear and easy format and doesnrsquot require any up-front fees The trade-off however is that the site feels a bit impersonal and homogenized As for the services and features its everything youd expect from Kodak They offer a variety of standard items and many unique products that youll be hard-pressed to find elsewhere Add that to the fact that Kodak offers unlimited free storage space and its not hard to see why the site is gaining a loyal following The only downside to using Kodak Gallery is the fact that you have to make at least one purchase every 12 months if you want to retain access to the service If however you find that you dont mind buying from the site once a year and you need some serious storage space Kodak Gallery may be your best bet
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 26
Shutterfly (wwwshutterflycom) is the perfect photo printing website if you want to share you photos online and order prints of them all in one place The site offers shipping or you can choose to pick up your prints at your local Target store We were impressed with the sites large assortment of projects From simple prints to childrens storybooks Shutterfly does it all Customer service was above par with 247 phone support and fast competent email service Shutterfly is a bit pricier than some of the competition
PhotoWorks (wwwphotoworkscom) is part of American Greeting and offers a wider selection of products than most of its competitors It includes original features such as photo communities My Share web pages and My Storefront personal stores We found PhotoWorks to be very easy to navigate The only downside is the cost of some of the products for sale While photo prints are priced competitively the photo books and calendars may be out of some customersrsquo price ranges Shipping and handling fees also add a bit of expense to any item bought from the site
Flickr (wwwflickrcom) is one the most sophisticated online photo sites offering a wide range of services including the ability to manage many pictures in multiple personal albums You also get more advanced options for adding captions and other text to your online album If you blog you may appreciate features that make it easy to add photos to a blog or online journal You can search through photos from other Flickr users and add their photos to your albums (Sharing is optional you can keep albums private or make any or all images viewable by anyone)
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost
wwweiuedu~eiutps
Page 27
Photo Books
Photo books are a fun experience that allows you to present your experiences in a way that traditional photo albums canrsquot They are produced by professionals and look and feel of a photo book in a bookstore But where do we start
Most of the photo service companies we looked at on the previous pages offer photo books Look at several and study the features they offer such as themes templates and book ideas You may choose a traditional white background but you may decide to add a colorful template to highlight birthdays or events
The publisher will offer a variety of sizes of books and tools and applications to design your book A color scheme may help connect individual pages and create a theme or you may want to custom design each page Templates can take much of the time and frustration out of creating photo books but you may sacrifice individuality You will also select a hard or soft cover and what type of cover All of these components will impact your cost