CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

Community Building for English Learning

Yimei Lin, Ph.D.Department of Communication

National Chung Cheng University, Taiwantelyml@ccu.edu.tw

國立中正大學傳播學系 林怡玫助理教授

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• 經常上網人口達 990萬人，連網應用普及率 43% (資策會 , 2007)

• 行政院研考會 2006年「國中／小學生數位能力與數位學習機會調查」– 國中／小學童幾乎人人會電腦，高達 99.7％曾經使用電腦– 最初接觸電腦的年齡平均為 7.9足歳– 國中／小學生使用電腦最主要的目的是休閒，其中又以線上遊戲為主（ 70.4％）、其次才是上網找資料、寫作業（ 64.6％）、下載音樂、軟體（ 62.1％）與玩電腦遊戲（ 60.3％）

• 台灣無線網路滲透率世界第一（ IDC, 2004）• 台灣的 ISI（資訊社會指標）世界第 20名（ IDC, 2004）

Are We Ready Yet?

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• e-Taiwan project (2002-2008)– 寬頻到家、 e化生活、 e化商務、 e化政府、縮減數位落差

• 數位學習國家型科技計畫• 國家數位典藏計畫• 數位娛樂計畫

• m-Taiwan project (2006~) 　– 行動服務、行動生活、行動學習

Are We Ready Yet?

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

Learning FROM Computers

↓Learning WITH Computers

(Mindtools)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

Presen

t

Past

Knowledge

Production

Information

Generation

Social Constructivism

Learning Facilitation

Learning Paradigm Shifts

KnowledgeAdoption

Information Gathering

Behaviourism 　　

Teaching

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• Social Learning– Learning occurs as a function of observing, retaining

and replicating behavior observed in others

• Pedagogy for Social Constructivism– Collaborative learning/Cooperative learning– Project-based learning/Problem-based learning

• Learning community, peer teaching, peer learning, group learning, study groups, study circles, learning groups, etc.

The Social Nature of Learning (Social Constructivism)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• System: servers, database, platform

• People: students, teachers, facilitators, parents, visitors, administrators

• Content: learning materials, project-based learning activities, messages, games

Community Building in Networked Learning

ContentSystem

People

CommunityCommunity

RulesInstruments

Structure of Information

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• Instruments: discussion forums, emails, chatrooms, videoconferencing, etc.

• Rules: instructions, due dates, guidelines, evaluation criteria

• Structure of information: linear/non-linear, hyper-texted, etc.

Community Building in Networked Learning

ContentSystem

People

CommunityCommunity

RulesInstruments

Structure of Information

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

Key to Successful Networked Learning

• Community• Communication• Collaboration

3C

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• People, who interact to satisfy needs, perform tasks, etc.

• A shared purpose, that provides a reason for the community.

• Rules, that guide people’s interaction

• Instruments, to support and mediate social interaction

Learning Communities

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

Pitfalls in Networked Learning Systems

• An assumption that interaction will automatically happen in online learning environments

• Forgetting interaction DOES NOT always happen naturally in primarily task-based contexts

• Lack of interaction is a factor that depresses online students’ satisfaction and learning

The Social Natural of Learning(Social Constructivism)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• Video Chatroom• ACA Chat Room• Forum

• Comment Assistant• ACA International

Schools Club• Online Tutors

How do we cope in ACA?

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

1. Video Chatroom

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

2. ACA Chat Room

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

3. Forum

• Computer Supported Discourse/Collaborative Argumentation (CSD/CSCA)– Questions– Comments or Suggestions– Social Greetings– Others

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

3. Forum (cont’d)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

4. Comment Assistant

• Content Accuracy• Spelling & Grammar• Navigation• Layout• Citation & Credits• Comment (open-

ended)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

4. Peer Evaluation (cont’d)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

5. ACA International Schools Club

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

5. ACA International Schools Club (cont’d)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

6. Online Tutors

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

6. Online Tutors (cont’d)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

6. Online Tutors (cont’d)

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• Experienced online instructors try to make up for the lack of interaction with engaging tasks and emphasizing the social nature of learning

• HOWEVER, in general networked learning systems are deficient in many of the cues for having observable activity available to motivate interaction, and in turn, help shape learning.

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• Social Computing is based on creating or recreating social conventions and social contexts online through the use of software and technology (Wikipedia.com)– Microsoft

• research and develop software that contributes to compelling and effective social interactions

– IBM• it is possible to design digital systems that provide a

social context for our activities

A Further Step – Social Computing

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

• Presence– One’s sense of self and how they are represented and

understood in the online environment

• Co-presence (social presence)• Help participants have a sense of “being there” with

others

• Social Navigation– What others are doing as a primary guide for one’s own

actions– People move based on where others are, what they

have done, or what they have looked at!

Cues for Motivating Interaction

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

Cues for Motivating InteractionA networked

learning system should help make

actions observable, visible and reportable!

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

Social Mechanisms in ACA

• Learner’s Profile• ACA Messenger• Wu Kong• Team Profile

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

1. Learner’s Profile

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

1. Learner’s Profile

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

2. ACA Messenger – Notification

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

3. Wu Kong

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

ICT Cyber Camp

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

4. Team Profile – CP & EP Values

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

4. Team Profile – Team Members

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

4. Team Profile – Progress

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

4. Team Profile – Request Alliance

CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.CCU-Yimei Lin, Ph.D.

4. Team Profile – Activity Monitor