cell energy the sun is the source of all energy on earth
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Cell EnergyThe Sun is the source of all energy on Earth.
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Photosynthesis• The Process in which three
abiotic factors ( sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water) make an organic molecule (glucose) and oxygen
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Autotroph=Self FeederProducers because make
their own food1. Chemosynthesis-use elements
like sulfur to make energy. (bacteria at hydrothermal ocean vents deep on the ocean floor)
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Chlorophyll
sunlight
Photosynthesis-process in which inorganic substances (carbon dioxide and water) and solar energy are converted into an organic substance (glucose).
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2enzymes
Reactants- what goes into the recipeProducts- what comes out
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• Thylakoid contains chlorophyll.• Stroma- syrup• Grana- stack of thylakoids like a pancake
stack.• Light Dependent reaction in thylakoid• Photolysis-light splits water releasing oxygen
through the stomata of the leaf
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplastsChlorophyll is the green pigment in the chloroplast that traps sunlight
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•Dark Reaction, Light Independent Reaction, Calvin Cycle
•Carbon Dioxide is converted into glucose in the stroma.
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• Spectrum of visible light- ROY G. BIV
• We see reflected light. Plants are green in color so this wavelength of light is used least in photosynthesis because it is reflected.
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• The most used wavelengths of light in photosynthesis are red and blue.
• Most photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of plants because they are green, large and flat increasing the surface area for sunlight to be absorbed.
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Chromotography- to write with color. The process of seperating pigments in
plants using a solvent. (alcohol)
• Plants use other pigments in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is the main one. Phycocyanins (purple) and carotene (orange) are the others.
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• Elodea Lab that was drawn on the board. What type of gas make up the air bubbles in the lab?
• What color lamp would give the best results for photosynthesis?
• Draw a graph for air bubbles vs the distance from the light source.
• What will happen if you cover the leaf with black paper?
• Many glucose molecules hooked together form what organic molecule in plants? In animals?
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Cellular Respiration
• Occurs in the mitochondria of BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMALS
• The chemical bonds in glucose are broken releasing energy ATP (adenosine triphophate)
• All That Power
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•ADP + P ATP•ATP-P ADP + Energy• ADP=Adenosine Diphosphate• ATP=Adenosine Triphosphate
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Adenosine TriPhosphate• All That Power• Stores energy in a high energy
bond between the last two• phosphates
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Mitochondria
Inner membrane that forms cristae increases surface area so that more cellular respiration can take place.
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2 types of cellular respiration
1.Aerobic Respiration- in the presence of oxygen
2. Anaerobic Respiration- without oxygen
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Aerobic Respiration-Oxygen is present
• C6H12O6 +6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O+ 36ATP-38ATP
• 3 Steps1.Glycolysis2.Krebs Cycle3.Electron Transport Chain
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1. Glycolysis•Glucose is split into Pyruvic Acid (split in half or 2, 3-carbon molecules)
•cytoplasm
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2.Krebs or Citric Acid Cycle
•Carbon Dioxide molecules made in mitochondria
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3.Electron Transport Chain
•Energy made •38 ATP Molecules made
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2 types of Anaerobic Respiration
• A. Alcoholic Fermentation 2ATP• Happens in Yeasts• Makes Alcohol and Bread Rise• Gives off CO2
Yeast and H2O
CO2
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2 types of Anaerobic Respiration
• B. Lactic Acid Fermentation• Builds Up in muscle cells
that do not have enough oxygen making muscles sore and tired
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• Lactic Acid Fermentation also makes cheese and yogurt.