cell exam practice multiple choice

46
1. Small cells function more effectively, because as cells become larger their surface area to volume ratio A. increases B. decreases C. stays the same D. is squared E. is cubed 2. Membrane-bound organelles that contain powerful enzymes found in cells are known as A. lysosomes B. plastids C. vacuoles D. liposomes E. ribosomes 3. These types of plastids are formed when chloroplasts are deprived of light for prolonged periods of time. A. lysoplasts B. plastids C. vacuoles D. leucoplasts E. amyloplasts 4. The proteins of the plasma membrane are in large part responsible for the cell's ability to interact with its environment. They act as or are involved in all of the following except A. channel B. recognition C. reception (receptor proteins) D. electron transport E. packaging (histones) 5. The genetic material of which kind of cells is included in a single, circular molecule of DNA devoid of any histone proteins? A. bacteria B. protozoa C. insects D. flowering plants E. yeasts Page 1

Upload: vulnerasanentur

Post on 30-Nov-2015

230 views

Category:

Documents


10 download

DESCRIPTION

Cell exam

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

1. Small cells function more effectively, because as cells become larger their surface area to volume

ratio

A. increasesB. decreasesC. stays the sameD. is squaredE. is cubed

2. Membrane-bound organelles that contain powerful enzymes found in cells are known as

A. lysosomesB. plastidsC. vacuolesD. liposomesE. ribosomes

3. These types of plastids are formed when chloroplasts are deprived of light for prolonged periods

of time.

A. lysoplastsB. plastidsC. vacuolesD. leucoplastsE. amyloplasts

4. The proteins of the plasma membrane are in large part responsible for the cell's ability to interact

with its environment. They act as or are involved in all of the following except

A. channelB. recognitionC. reception (receptor proteins)D. electron transportE. packaging (histones)

5. The genetic material of which kind of cells is included in a single, circular molecule of DNA

devoid of any histone proteins?

A. bacteriaB. protozoaC. insectsD. flowering plantsE. yeasts

Page 1

Page 2: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

6. Who first described cells?

A. DarwinB. GolgiC. LinnaeusD. HookeE. Leeuwenhoek

7. Who first looked at tiny living cells and called them as "animalecules"?

A. DarwinB. GolgiC. LeeuwenhoekD. HookeE. Linnaeus

8. Schlieden and Schwann stated the "cell theory," which in its modern form includes all of the

following postulates except

A. all organisms are composed of one or more cellsB. all cells need oxygenC. cells are the smallest living thingsD. cells arise only by division of a previously existing cellE. cells vary in size and shape

9. The chromosomal hereditary material is packaged in this organelle in eukaryotic cells but not in

prokaryotic cells. This organelle is

A. mitochondriaB. chloroplastsC. plasma membraneD. nucleusE. centrioles

10. The peptidoglycan of the bacterial cell wall contains a carbohydrate matrix linked together by

short chains of

A. amino acidsB. fatty acidsC. nucleotidesD. water moleculesE. steroids

Page 2

Page 3: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

11. A very common method of distinguishing the bacteria takes advantage of the thickness of the

peptidoglycan layer in the cell wall. This method of differential staining of cells is called

A. positive stainingB. negative stainingC. Gram stainingD. neutral stainingE. prokaryotic staining

12. Prokaryotic cell movement is attributed to the

A. capsuleB. ribosomesC. piliD. nucleoid areaE. flagella and cilia

13. Photosynthetic bacterial membranes are located in the

A. nucleiB. chloroplastsC. cell wallD. plasma membraneE. plasmids

14. Plant cells often have a large membrane-bound sac that is used for storing water and other

substances. This organelle is called

A. nucleusB. chloroplastC. Golgi bodyD. centrioleE. central vacuole

15. Which of the following is not bounded by membranes?

A. endoplasmic reticulumB. microbodyC. Golgi bodyD. nucleoidE. nucleus

Page 3

Page 4: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

16. Some of the functions of the eukaryotic organelles are performed in bacteria by the

A. plasma membraneB. nucleoid areaC. cell wallD. capsuleE. flagella/cilia

17. All of the following about flagella of bacteria are true except

A. they are used in locomotionB. they are used in feedingC. they have similar function as mitochondria of eukaryotic cellsD. there may be more than one per cellE. they are attached in between the cell wall and the membrane

18. The cytoplasmic space in eukaryotic cells is occupied by many diverse membrane-bound

structures with specific cellular functions. These are called

A. flagellaB. organellesC. ciliaD. chromosomesE. receptors

19. Which of the following is not present in all eukaryotic cells?

A. endoplasmic reticulumB. ribosomeC. plasma membraneD. cell wallE. Golgi bodies

20. Some ribosomes are embedded into

A. chromosomesB. smooth endoplasmic reticulumC. rough endoplasmic reticulumD. histonesE. vacuoles

Page 4

Page 5: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

21. Ribosomes are

A. only DNA moleculesB. only RNA moleculesC. single, naked, and circular chromosomesD. only protein moleculesE. large molecular aggregates of protein and RNA

22. The eukaryotic organelle that is directly involved in the transport of proteins synthesized on the

surface of the rough ER is called

A. mitochondriaB. vacuoleC. cytoskeletonD. Golgi complexE. nucleus

23. Lipid synthesis occurs in which eukaryotic organelle?

A. rough ERB. smooth ERC. lysosomesD. mitochondriaE. nucleolus

24. Many hormones induce changes in cells by first binding to plasma membrane

A. marker proteinsB. poresC. rough ERD. channelsE. surface receptors

25. In eukaryotes, mitochondria are the organelles primarily involved in

A. energy release/captureB. phospholipid assemblyC. export of enzymesD. lipid synthesisE. protein synthesis

Page 5

Page 6: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

26. Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the

cell?

A. ERB. mitochondriaC. nucleusD. chloroplastsE. centriole

27. Nuclear pores apparently permit the passage of only

A. chromosomes outwardB. glucose molecules outwardC. assembled DNA molecules outwardD. proteins inward and outward, but RNA only outwardE. sodium ions inward, potassium ions outward

28. Nucleolus of the nucleus is the site of

A. protein synthesisB. ribosome assemblyC. chromosome replicationD. lipid synthesisE. uncoiling and unraveling of chromosomes

29. Chromosomes can be condensed into compact structures, visible with the light microscope, but

usually only

A. after the cell is deadB. during cell divisionC. while the DNA is being copied into RNAD. while the proteins are being assembledE. while the nuclear pores are open

30. Flattened sacks of membranes apparently involved in the packaging and export of molecules

synthesized in the cell are known as

A. Golgi bodiesB. microbodiesC. pinocytic vesiclesD. vacuolesE. chromosomes

Page 6

Page 7: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

31. Lysosomes are vesicles bounded by membranes that contain oxidative enzymes. Their functions

include all of the following except they

A. catalyze the rapid breakdown of macromoleculesB. break down old organellesC. eliminate substances taken into the cell by phagocytosisD. participate in the phenomenon of selective cell deathE. allow bacteria to pass through unaffected

32. The self digesting activity of lysosomes in cells occurs when

A. cytoplasmic bacteria invadeB. the acidic internal pH is maintainedC. the cell becomes metabolically inactiveD. phagocytosis triggersE. none of the above

33. Peroxisomes in animal cells, and glyoxosomes in plant cells are examples of

A. chromosomesB. lysosomesC. microbodiesD. nucleosomesE. ribosomes

34. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the other organelles besides the nucleus that contain

A. genesB. poresC. channelsD. plasma membranesE. pigments

35. The organelle involved in the oxygen-requiring process by which the energy in macromolecules is

stored in ATP is the

A. nucleusB. lysosomeC. ERD. mitochondriaE. chloroplasts

Page 7

Page 8: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

36. The endosymbiotic theory is supported by the finding of non-nuclear DNA in which of the

following organelles?

A. lysosomesB. ERC. mitochondriaD. chloroplastsE. both in c and d

37. The distinctive feature of chloroplasts is that they contain a green pigment called

A. Gram stainB. chlorophyllC. hemoglobinD. chromatinE. keratin

38. Which of the following is not found in the cytoskeleton?

A. actin filamentsB. intermediate filamentsC. spindle fibersD. microfilamentsE. none of the above

39. Centrioles are organelles which have

A. a barrel shapeB. paired structuresC. DNA sometimesD. microtubule assembly functionE. all of the above

40. The functions of the cytoskeleton include

A. providing the cell shapeB. providing a scaffolding for the enzymes in certain areas of the cellC. organizing the cell's activitiesD. providing movement of molecules in the cellE. all of the above

Page 8

Page 9: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

41. Cell crawling is essential for which of the following?

A. cancer spreadingB. inflammationC. wound healingD. clotting of bloodE. all of the above

42. Bacteria are generally

A. 1 to 2 centimeters thickB. 1 to 2 millimeters thickC. 1 to 2 micrometers thickD. 1 to 2 nanometers thickE. 1 to 2 meters thick

43. The electron microscope can magnify an object typically

A. ten times biggerB. one hundred times biggerC. one thousand times biggerD. tens of thousand times biggerE. hundreds of thousand times bigger

44. A drug is used on a particular type of tissue (remember that cells make tissues) to interfere with

the cytoplasm. Therefore this drug has a direct effect on the

A. nucleusB. mitochondriaC. endoplasmic reticulumD. Golgi complexE. various sugars, amino acids, and proteins

45. A team of researchers is writing a grant for a microscope to use in their research on the external

structures on the dorsal surface of a spider mite. The specific region on the mite's back seems to

be the habitat of an even smaller mite. These mites are extremely tiny and only one microscope

with very high magnification can be purchased. Based on the information given, which type of

microscope would you suggest?

A. transmission electron microscopeB. scanning electron microscopeC. binocular compound light microscopeD. monocular compound light microscopeE. dissecting microscope

Page 9

Page 10: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

46. A computer program is being written by one of your friends to design the "perfect" spherical cell.

She asks you about the sizes of cells and if there are any ratios or mathematical factors that she

should use in her program. You reply,

A. "No, there are none that I am aware of; cells can be any size as long as they have a plasma

membrane."B. "Yes, make sure that you include in the program that as the cell's diameter increases, the

surface area of the cell and the cell volume increases by the square root of the cell's

diameter."C. "Yes, make sure that you include in the program that as the cell's diameter increases, the

surface area of the cell increases by squaring the diameter of the cell, while the cell volume

increases by cubing the diameter of the cell."D. "No, as long as you clearly state the type of cell that is required—for example, a red blood

cell or a bone cell—otherwise you will have to set up a differential equation that considers

the nuclear diameter."

47. A cytologist is examining a tissue under an electron microscope. He notices in particular that the

endoplasmic reticulum of each cell is extremely rough in appearance and of course knows that the

rough appearance is because of the ribosomes embedded there. He is curious about why there

are so many ribosomes. You can help. Your response would be,

A. "This tissue exports lipids and is very involved with mRNA production, which of course is

used in protein synthesis."B. "This tissue exports proteins to other areas of the body."C. "This tissue has obviously been exposed to the new protein diet supplements that are so

popular these days and has been recruited to make more protein."D. "This tissue exports various nucleic acids, hence the large number of ribosomes present on

the endoplasmic reticulum in each of those cells."

48. One of the relationships that exists between ribosomes and lysosomes is that

A. ribosomes produce enzymes that could be stored in lysosomesB. ribosomes produce lipids that could be stored in lysosomesC. lysosomes are located near ribosomes on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulumD. lysosomes are produced by ribosomes and therefore contain proteins that were synthesized

at the ribosomes

49. A cell physiologist treats a cell with a chemical that prevents entry of amino acids. Which

organelle will be affected the most?

A. mitochrondiaB. lysosomeC. nucleusD. ribosomeE. Golgi apparatus

Page 10

Page 11: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

50. A cell biologist has developed a new drug that will block the cis face of the Golgi apparatus. If

eventually approved by the FDA, she wants to use this new drug to aid cancer patients. What

specifically will this drug prevent from happening inside a cancer cell?

A. the synthesis of proteins or lipids on the endoplasmic reticulumB. the movement of the lipids and proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi

apparatusC. the blockage of proteins and lipids on the endoplasmic reticulumD. the prevention of ATP synthesis by blocking pyruvate formation on the trans face of the

Golgi apparatus

51. Many apples are stored in coolers after picking in the summer and are slowly released to markets

across the nation during the winter. Cooling the apples reduces spoiling. Why does the cooling

reduce the spoiling?

A. The cooler temperatures reduce the enzyme activities inside the chloroplasts thus slowing

down the ripening process.B. The cooler temperatures reduce the enzyme activities inside the plasma membranes of the

apple peels preventing the movement of water across the membrane.C. The cooler temperatures increase the enzyme activities inside the lysosomes thus slowing

down the ripening process.D. The cooler temperatures reduce the enzyme activities inside the lysosomes thus slowing

down the ripening process.E. The cooler temperatures reduce the enzyme activities inside the Golgi apparatus thus slowing

down the ripening process.

52. A cell biologist treats a cell so that oxygen cannot diffuse across the membrane. Which organelle

will be directly affected?

A. mitochrondiaB. lysosomeC. nucleusD. ribosomeE. Golgi apparatus

53. Plants, fungi, and bacteria share which one of the following characteristics?

A. cell wallsB. nuclear membranesC. nucleiD. central vacuolesE. vesicles

Page 11

Page 12: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

54. Mitochondria and chloroplast are both organelles that support the theory of endosymbiosis.

Which of the following is not a characteristic that applies to theses two organelles as they relate to

endosymbiosis?

A. Two membranes surround mitochondria and chloroplasts.B. Mitochondria are approximately the same size as bacteria.C. Ribosomes found inside mitochrondia are similar to bacterial ribosomes.D. Circular DNA is found in both mitochondria and chloroplasts.E. Mitochondria divide by mitosis followed by meiosis.

55. Membrane proteins are not very soluble in water, because they possess long stretches of non-

polar amino acids that

A. are too long to interact with the water moleculesB. are hydrophobicC. are transmembranalD. are hydrophilicE. serve as transport channels

56. The plasma membrane is a thin sheet of lipid embedded with larger molecules

A. called proteinsB. called carbohydratesC. called polymersD. called nucleotidesE. of sodium and potassium ions

57. The part of a membrane protein that extends through the phospholipid bilayer is primarily

composed of amino acids that are

A. highly polarB. negatively chargedC. non-polarD. positively chargedE. water soluble

58. Which of the following protein classes are not found as membrane proteins?

A. transport channelsB. hormonesC. receptorsD. enzymesE. antigenic markers

Page 12

Page 13: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

59. On the outer surface of the plasma membrane there are marker molecules that identify the cell-

type. Often these molecules are

A. ATPB. amino acidsC. nucleotidesD. carbohydrate chainsE. inorganic ions

60. Some proteins of the plasma membrane extend across the entire width of the membrane. These

have been known to function as

A. structural proteinsB. recognition proteinsC. channelsD. cell shape determinantsE. cell division triggers

61. The fluid nature of the membranes is attributed to a lateral movement of

A. protein channelsB. phospholipid moleculesC. antigen moleculesD. pumps such as the proton pumpE. the entire lipid bilayer

62. Which of the following properties is not true of membrane phospholipids?

A. the hydrophobic tails are oriented towards the interiorB. the hydrophilic heads are oriented towards the exteriorC. only the saturated fatty acids are always presentD. once they are incorporated they remain in the membrane permanentlyE. the bilayers made up of them are randomly interspersed with proteins

63. The cell's transactions with the environment mediated by its plasma membrane include all of the

following except

A. ingesting food as molecules and sometimes as entire cellsB. returning waste and other molecules back to the environmentC. responding to a host of chemical cuesD. directing the synthesis of various food-digesting proteinsE. passing of messages to other cells

Page 13

Page 14: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

64. A type of transport of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient, using protein

carriers driven by the expenditure of chemical energy is known as

A. osmosisB. diffusionC. facilitated transportD. active transportE. exocytosis

65. If a cell has the same concentration of dissolved molecules as of its outside environment, the cell's

condition is called as being _______.

A. isotonicB. hypertonicC. hypotonicD. hydrophobicE. hydrophilic

66. Proteins that function as passageways through which substances and information crosses the

membrane are called

A. junction proteinsB. carrier proteinsC. hydrophilic proteinsD. hydrophobic proteinsE. transmembrane proteins

67. The following are all functions of a typical plasma membrane except

A. transport of water and bulk materialB. selective transport of certain molecules and materialC. reception of informationD. expression of cellular identityE. be permanent in composition

68. The movement of substances to regions of lower concentration is called

A. active transportB. diffusionC. osmosisD. pumpingE. exocytosis

Page 14

Page 15: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

69. If two solutions have unequal concentrations of a solute, the solution with the lower concentration

is called

A. isotonicB. hypertonicC. hypotonicD. hypnoticE. osmosis

70. In bacteria, fungi, and plants the high internal pressure generated by osmosis is counteracted by

the mechanical strength of their

A. plasma membranesB. organellesC. cytoskeletonsD. cell wallsE. flagella

71. Some single-celled eukaryotes remove the water entering by osmosis with a process called

extrusion which involves

A. mitochondriaB. cell wallsC. Golgi bodiesD. micro bodiesE. central vacuoles

72. The actual transport of protons by the proton pump is mediated by a transmembrane protein

which undergoes a change in its

A. conformationB. amino acid sequenceC. net chargeD. solubilityE. immunity

73. When leaf cells lose so much water that turgor pressure falls, the plant

A. diesB. takes in water from airC. closes up the protein channels through which water is lostD. wiltsE. starts to grow

Page 15

Page 16: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

74. The process often thought of as "cell eating" is

A. osmosisB. pinocytosisC. phagocytosisD. diffusionE. active transport

75. Carrier-mediated transport is also called

A. facilitated diffusionB. active transportC. exocytosisD. endocytosisE. phagocytosis

76. Osmosis can only occur if water travels through the

A. cell wallB. semi-permeable membraneC. vacuoleD. ERE. cytoskeleton

77. Cell-walled organisms cannot carry out

A. exocytosisB. active transportC. osmosisD. diffusionE. endocytosis

78. Membrane proteins serve many functions. One of the functions is transportation of substances

across the membrane. If a cell biologist placed cells into an environment in which a chemical has

been added that blocks the function of these transport proteins, which process will be blocked?

A. active transportB. osmosisC. diffusionD. phagocytosisE. pinocytosis

Page 16

Page 17: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

79. The Fluid Mosaic Model proposed by Singer and Nicolson in 1972 was a revised version of a

previous cell membrane model. Their revision included that

A. the cell membrane was composed of lipids and proteinsB. the cell membrane was composed of a phospholipid bilayer between two layers of globular

proteinsC. the cell membrane was composed of a phospholipid bilayer with globular proteins actually

inserted into the bilayerD. the cell membrane was composed of a phospholipid bilayer but the polar ends of the

phospholipid molecules were reversed

80. The phospholipid bilayer is fluid and has been compared to the viscosity of olive oil. A scientist

raises the temperature of a cell culture and wants to know what happens to the viscosity of the

phospholipid bilayer. Her prediction is that

A. the viscosity of the bilayer will remain the same, but the cell membrane will be more porous.B. the viscosity of the bilayer will increase causing the cell membrane to be more porousC. the viscosity of the bilayer will decreaseD. the viscosity of the bilayer will decrease and this will induce a reduction in the polar bonding

that exists between the nonpolar ends of a phospholipid molecule and a water molecule

81. A phospholipid molecule has a polar and a nonpolar end. Because of this, water molecules form

A. polar bonds with the nonpolar end of the phospholipid moleculeB. polar bonds with the polar end of the phospholipid moleculeC. hydrogen bonds with the nonpolar end of the phospholipid moleculeD. hydrogen bonds with the polar end of the phospholipid moleculeE. covalent bonds with the nonpolar end of the phospholipid molecule

82. Cholesterol functions in the plasma membrane to

A. transport ionsB. serve as an energy moleculeC. maintain fluidityD. mediate steroid actionE. maintain hypertension

83. The chemiosmotic formation of ATP occurs when hydrogen ions

A. cut channels that admit ADP and phosphateB. cut phosphate groups from ADP by hydrolysisC. diffuse backward through the sodium-potassium pumpD. diffuse through the proton pumpE. diffuse through a special ATP synthesizing channel

Page 17

Page 18: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

84. The coupling of the proton pump to ATP synthesis is called

A. proton synthesisB. coupled synthesisC. chemiosmosisD. osmosisE. sodium-potassium pump

85. The accumulation of amino acids and sugars in animal cells occurs through the

A. ATP pumpB. sodium-potassium pumpC. glucose pumpD. cotransportE. proton pump

86. In a single sodium-potassium pump cycle, ATP is used up with the result that

A. 3 sodium ions leave and 2 potassium ions enterB. 1 sodium ion enters and 1 potassium ion leavesC. 1 sodium ion leaves and 1 potassium ion entersD. 3 sodium ions enter and 2 potassium ions leaveE. sodium and potassium ions enter and water leaves

87. The type of transport that is specific, which requires specific carrier molecules and energy is

A. exocytosisB. facilitated diffusionC. active transportD. endocytosisE. osmosis

88. The type of diffusion that is specific and passive, and which becomes saturated if all of the protein

carriers are in use is

A. exocytosisB. facilitated diffusionC. active transportD. endocytosisE. osmosis

Page 18

Page 19: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

89. For the process of diffusion to occur, molecules must

A. move from areas of high concentration to areas of lesser concentration until an equilibrium is

reachedB. move from areas of low concentration to areas of higher concentration until an equilibrium is

reachedC. remain stationary until their molecular motion allows for an equilibrium to be reachedD. move from areas of high concentration to areas of lesser concentration until facilitated

transport can assist the molecular equilibriumE. move from areas of high concentration to areas of lesser concentration until an equilibrium is

reached by active transport

90. Oxygen diffuses through the plasma membrane. If a cell were prevented diffusing oxygen, which

organelle would be most affected?

A. nucleolusB. nucleusC. lysosomeD. vacuoleE. mitochondria

91. Ions can diffuse into and out of cells through channels in the plasma membrane. There is a special

condition inside the channels that permits ions to diffuse. The condition is that

A. it has to have phospholipid molecules with their nonpolar end facing into the channelB. it has to have spanning protein molecules with polar ends lining the channelC. it has water molecules inside of the channel which provide hydration to the channelD. it has to have the same viscosity as the cytoplasmE. each ion must join with the nonpolar tail of phospholipid molecule

92. Facilitated diffusion is an important method for cells in obtaining necessary molecules and

removing other ones. Requirements for facilitated diffusion include which of the following?

A. The carrier molecule must be specific to the molecule that is transported. The direction of

movement is always with the concentration gradient, never against the gradient.B. The carrier molecule is nonspecific to the molecule that is transported. The direction of

movement is always with the concentration gradient, never against the gradient.C. The carrier molecule is nonspecific to the molecule that is transported. The direction of

movement is always against the concentration gradient, never with the gradient.D. The carrier molecule must be specific to the molecule that is transported and an ATP

molecule must be attached to the specific carrier. The direction of movement is always

against the concentration gradient, never with the gradient.

Page 19

Page 20: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

93. If a blood research laboratory is attempting to collect the content of human red blood cells, the

researchers should use which of the following types of solutions to cause blood cell lysis

(bursting)?

A. hyperosmoticB. isosmoticC. hypoosmotic

94. One day during the summer you and some friends made ice cream using an electric ice cream

maker. A few days later you noticed a yellow circle of dead grass where the ice cream freezer

had been placed. What happened?

A. The ice and salt mixture that spilled out when the freezer was moved froze the grass.B. The grass was frost bitten by the ice and salt mixture that spilled out when the freezer was

moved.C. The ice and salt mixture was isosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of dead

grass.D. The ice and salt mixture was hyperosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of

dead grass.E. The ice and salt mixture was hypoosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of

dead grass.

95. Oxidation and reduction reactions are chemical processes that result in a gain or loss in

A. atomsB. neutronsC. electronsD. moleculesE. protons

96. Reactions that occur spontaneously and release free energy are called

A. activation reactionsB. exergonic reactionsC. catabolistic reactionsD. thermodynamic reactionsE. end-product reactions

97. A chemical reaction in which the products contain less energy than the _______ will tend to

proceed spontaneously.

A. reactantsB. enzymesC. coenzymesD. substratesE. cofactors

Page 20

Page 21: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

98. The chief energy currency of all cells is a molecule called

A. cyclic AMPB. NADHC. FADHD. ATPE. ADP

99. The chemistry of living systems representing all chemical reactions is called

A. catabolismB. anabolismC. metabolismD. enzymologyE. thermodynamics

100. A calorie is the commonly used unit of chemical energy. It is also the unit of

A. lightB. magnetismC. soundD. heatE. radioactivity

101. The term oxidation is derived from the name of the element oxygen. This is reasonable, because it

A. attracts electrons very stronglyB. can be oxidized by accepting electronsC. contains more electrons than are neededD. can react chemically readily in its gas stateE. is present everywhere

102. When an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons, it is said to be

A. energizedB. oxidizedC. polarizedD. activatedE. reduced

103. An electron transferred in a biological system is usually

A. boosted to a higher light energy stateB. converted into other chemical compoundsC. accompanied by a protonD. given off as radiant energyE. lost to the system as heat

Page 21

Page 22: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

104. Cells release energy from molecules such as glucose in a process very similar to inhalation of air

and exhalation of carbon dioxide by humans. This process is known as cellular

A. oxidationB. reductionC. photosynthesisD. radiationE. respiration

105. Life's ultimate source of energy is derived from

A. the sunB. plantsC. waterD. airE. cells

106. As energy is being reconverted through the many forms, it is continuously lost as

A. electricityB. lightC. soundD. heatE. chemical energy

107. In reactions of cells the net energy obtained from breaking bonds is called free energy. It is

A. the bond energies of reactantsB. the bond energies of productsC. the difference between a and bD. the amount of energy due to the degree of disorder of the systemE. the amount after d is subtracted from c

108. Reactions that do not proceed spontaneously because they require energy from an outside source

are called

A. exergonicB. xerogonicC. metabolicD. endergonicE. endocytic

Page 22

Page 23: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

109. Molecules that act as catalysts in biological systems are

A. ATPB. cofactorsC. coenzymesD. enzymesE. genes

110. One of the most important coenzymes that accepts electrons/hydrogens is

A. NAD+B. NADHC. ATPD. NADPHE. ribozyme

111. ATP gives up energy when it is converted to

A. DNAB. NADPC. NADHD. ADP and phosphateE. RNA

112. A molecule that stores energy by linking charged phosphate groups near each other is called

A. ATP.B. NADH.C. FADH.D. cyclic AMP.E. pyruvate.

113. An electron carrier that is used in harvesting energy from glucose molecules in a series of gradual

steps in the cytoplasm is

A. pyruvate.B. cyclic AMP.C. ATP.D. NAD+E. NADH.

Page 23

Page 24: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

114. In eukaryotes, the glycolytic reactions take place in the

A. mitochondria of the cell.B. cytoplasm of the cell.C. ribosomes of the cell.D. endoplasmic reticulium of each cell.E. Golgi bodies of the cell.

115. The first stage of cellular respiration, and the oldest in terms of evolution is

A. decarboxylation.B. deamination.C. fermentation.D. chemiosmosis.E. glycolysis.

116. In the absence of oxygen, hydrogen atoms generated by glycolysis are donated to organic

molecules in a process called

A. fermentation.B. decarboxylation.C. chemiosmosis.D. electron transport chain reactions.E. acetylCoA formation.

117. Which of the following organisms are autotrophs?

A. algaeB. some bacteriaC. plantsD. some protozoansE. all of the above

118. At least 90% of organisms on the earth are heterotrophs. Examples include all of the following

except

A. plantsB. fungiC. most eubacteriaD. animalsE. most protists

Page 24

Page 25: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

119. In digestion, which is a prelude to metabolism, all of the following occur except

A. carbohydrates are degraded to sugarsB. proteins are degraded into amino acidsC. lipids are degraded to fatty acidsD. water is degraded into hydrogen and oxygenE. all of these occur

120. Fermentation can be described as a process

A. that takes place only in the absence of oxygenB. in which the recipient of hydrogen atoms is an organic moleculeC. in which water is not one of the by-productsD. in which the Krebs cycle and electron transfer through ETS do not occurE. all of the above are true

121. Chemiosmotic generation of ATP is driven by

A. phosphate transfer through the plasma membraneB. sodium, potassium pumpC. a difference in H+ concentration on the two sides of the mitochondrial membraneD. osmosis of macromoleculesE. large quantities of ADP

122. The decarboxylation of pyruvate produces

A. NADHB. acetylcoAC. CO2

D. ATP

E. only a, b, and c are correct

123. The decarboxylation step of oxidation of pyruvate takes place in the

A. cytoplasm

B. Golgi body

C. ribosome

D. mitochondrion

E. nucleus

124. The enzymes catalyzing the reactions of glycolysis occur in the

A. mitochondria

B. cytoplasm

C. chloroplasts

D. nucleus

E. Golgi apparatus

Page 25

Page 26: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

125. The fate of the end-product of glycolysis depends on the type of organism. The name of the end-

product is

A. ATPB. NAD+C. alcoholD. ADPE. pyruvate

126. All of the following are the end products of glycolysis except

A. pyruvateB. ATPC. NADHD. NAD+E. energy

127. A process common to all living organisms, aerobic and anaerobic, is

A. glycolysisB. fermentationC. the Krebs cycleD. electron transport chain reactionsE. pyruvate oxidation

128. In which of the following steps of glycolysis, 2 ATP molecules are required?

A. cleavage and rearrangementB. glucose primingC. oxidationD. pyruvate formationE. acetylcoA formation

129. In oxidative respiration, energy is harvested from glucose molecules in a sequence of four major

pathways. Which of the following is not one of these four pathways?

A. Krebs cycleB. glycolysisC. electron transfer through the transport chainD. beta oxidationE. pyruvate oxidation

130. Out of the total amount of free energy potentially available from total oxidation of glucose, the

number of ATP made by cells is equal to an energy efficiency of about

A. 2% B. 25% C. 38% D. 75% E. 90%

Page 26

Page 27: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

131. In the absence of oxygen, eukaryotic cells are restricted to

A. chemiosmotic phosphorylationB. cyclic photo phosphorylationC. noncyclic photo phosphorylationD. oxidative phosphorylationE. substrate level phosphorylation

132. The reaction, C6H6O6 + 6O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H2O, when it occurs in living cells is known as

A. aerobic fermentation

B. anaerobic fermentation

C. cellular respiration

D. glycolysis

E. oxidative phosphorylation

133. When ATP levels are high, acetylcoA is channeled into

A. fermentation

B. fatty acid biosynthesis

C. protein synthesis

D. nucleic acid synthesis

E. all of the above

134. In the cyclic reaction sequence called the Krebs cycle, the following chemical events take place

except

A. the acetyl group is joined with a four carbon molecule, oxaloacetate

B. the resulting six carbon molecule is oxidized

C. electrons generated are used to produce NADH

D. two carbons per cycle are made into CO2 molecules

E. pyruvate molecules are restored to the cycle

135. A single glucose molecule can drive the Krebs cycle

A. one turn

B. two turns

C. three turns

D. four turns

E. six turns

Page 27

Page 28: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

136. The coenzyme electron carriers produced in the Krebs cycle are

A. ATP and ADPB. pyruvate and acetylcoAC. FADH2 and NADH

D. NAD and NADH

E. NADH and ATP

137. The oxygen utilized in cellular respiration finally shows up as

A. CO2

B. ATP

C. new O2

D. H2O

E. part of a sugar

138. The electron transport chain, a series of membrane-associated electron carriers, loses most of the

energy by driving several transmembrane

A. proton pumps

B. electron pumps

C. sodium, potassium pumps

D. active transport pumps

E. water pumps

139. The enzymes of the Krebs cycle are located in the

A. cytoplasm

B. inter-membrane space of mitochondria

C. vesicles of the ER

D. outer membrane of the mitochondria

E. matrix of the mitochondria

140. The electron transport chain consists of all of the following except

A. NADH dehydrogenase

B. cytochrome complex

C. oxygenase

D. cytochrome c oxidase

E. ubiquinone, Q

Page 28

Page 29: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

141. The energy released in the mitochondrial electron transport chain is used to transport protons into

the

A. matrixB. cytoplasmC. ERD. inter-membrane space of mitochondriaE. enzyme complex of the Krebs cycle

142. Since membranes are relatively impermeable to ions, most of the protons re-enter the matrix by

passing through special channels in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Because of the inward flow

of protons these channels allow the synthesis of

A. ADP from ATP and PiB. ATP from ADP and PiC. glucose from pyruvateD. acetylcoA from pyruvateE. citrate from oxaloacetate and acetylCoA

143. One of the key factors that fostered the evolution of heterotrophs is

A. the length of the electron transport chainB. the ability of the Krebs cycle to use acetylcoAC. the high efficiency of oxidative respirationD. the ability to use glucose in glycolysisE. the ability to ferment

144. Which of the following statements accurately reflects what happens to a glucose molecule during

the initial five phases of glycolysis?

A. Glucose, a six-carbon sugar, enters the cell by passive transport and is primed and

converted into glucose three-phosphate, which requires two ATP molecules. The remaining

four steps involve splitting the six-carbon molecule into two three-carbon molecules.B. Glucose, a six-carbon sugar, enters the cell by active transport and is primed and converted

into glucose three-phosphate, which requires two ATP molecules. The remaining four steps

involve splitting the six-carbon molecule into two three-carbon molecules.C. Glucose, a six-carbon sugar, enters the cell by simple diffusion and is primed and converted

into glucose three-phosphate, which requires two ATP molecules. The remaining four steps

involve splitting the six-carbon molecule into two three-carbon molecules.D. Glucose, a six-carbon sugar, enters the cell by G protein mediation and is primed and

converted into glucose three-phosphate, which requires two ATP molecules. The remaining

four steps involve splitting the six-carbon molecule into two three-carbon molecules.

Page 29

Page 30: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

145. Select the correct sequence concerning glucose catabolism.

A. glycolysis → Pyruvate → Acetyl CoA → Electron Transport Chain → Kreb CycleB. glycolysis → Pyruvate → Acetyl CoA → Kreb Cycle → Electron Transport ChainC. glycolysis → Acetyl CoA → Pyruvate → Electron Transport Chain → Kreb CycleD. glycolysis → Acetyl CoA → Pyruvate → Kreb Cycle → Electron Transport Chain

146. A biochemist wants to control the initial substrate-level phosphorylation that occurs in the tracheal

cells of grasshoppers once glucose has crossed the plasma membrane. This means that he will

A. have to prevent cAMP from entering the tracheal cellsB. have to prevent pyruvate reduction from occurringC. have to prevent glycolysis from occurring in the mitochondriaD. have to prevent glycolysis from occurring in the cytoplasmE. have to prevent aerobic respiration in the cytoplasm

147. What type of cell respiration occurs when an organic molecule accepts hydrogen atoms?

A. aerobic respirationB. anaerobic respirationC. fermentationD. catabolismE. digestion

148. During aerobic respiration the final acceptor of the hydrogen atoms is

A. oxygenB. carbon dioxideC. waterD. glucoseE. pyruvate

149. Glucose catabolism is controlled by which of the following two key enzymes?

A. phosphofructokinaseB. citrate synthetaseC. pyruvated dehydrogenaseD. a and bE. a and c

150. A gram of fatty acid can yield how many more times the energy as one gram of glucose?

A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3 E. 2

Page 30

Page 31: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

151. Beta oxidation of these molecules converts them into acetylCoA, which can then enter the Krebs

cycle for energy derivation. These are

A. fatty acidsB. amino acidsC. ATPD. nucleic acidsE. sugars

152. In muscle cells, fermentation produces not alcohol but

A. ATPB. NADHC. pyruvateD. kinetic energyE. lactate

153. Yeast cells under anaerobic conditions

A. dieB. produce ethyl alcohol (ethanol)C. produce oxygenD. switch to oxidative respirationE. push the glycolytic pathway backward

154. Regardless of the electron or hydrogen acceptor used, one of the products of fermentation is

always

A. ADP B. ATP C. NAD+ D. pyruvate E. alcohol

155. Which of the following statements accurately reflects the process of glycolysis?

A. Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve. Glycolysis

uses molecular oxygen, however it occurs in anaerobic environments.B. Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve. Glycolysis

uses no molecular oxygen. All reactions of glycolysis occur free in the cytoplasm.C. Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve. Glycolysis

uses molecular oxygen, however it occurs in aerobic environments.D. Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve. Glycolysis

uses molecular oxygen and occurs in the mitochondria.

Page 31

Page 32: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

156. When substrate-level phosphorylation occurs, it means that

A. NAD is converted into NADHB. ATP is converted into ADP + a phosphate groupC. ADP is converted into ATP by addition of a phosphate groupD. cAMP is converted into ADP by adding a phosphate groupE. NADH is converted into NAD + H

157. When ATP levels are high, oxidative pathways are inhibited, so acetylCoA is channeled into

A. fatty acid synthesisB. pyruvate formationC. the Kreb cycleD. the electron transport systemE. NAD production

158. The Kreb cycle occurs in the mitochondria. There are nine biochemical reactions involved in the

Kreb cycle, and they are highly ordered. Select the correct order from the following choices.

(Note: these are abbreviated and do not show NAD, ADP, ATP, or FAD.)

A. acetylCoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate → forming citrate → which

forms beta-ketoglutarate → which forms succinylCoA → which forms succinate → which

forms fumarate → which forms malate → which forms oxaloacetateB. acetylCoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate → forming citrate → which

forms alpha-ketoglutarate → which forms succinylCoA → which forms succinate → which

forms malate → which forms fumarate → which forms oxaloacetateC. acetylCoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate → which forms alpha-

ketoglutarate → forming citrate → which forms succinylCoA → which forms succinate →

which forms fumarate → which forms malate → which forms oxaloacetateD. acetylCoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate → forming citrate → which

forms alpha-ketoglutarate → which forms succinylCoA → which forms succinate → which

forms fumarate → which forms malate → which forms oxaloacetate

159. Cytochromes are respiratory proteins. Which of the following statements accurately reflects their

true nature?

A. Cytochrome proteins reside free in the lung cells of all vertebrates. These molecules contain

a heme group with an iron atom at its center.B. Cytochrome proteins reside in the mitochondria and are specifically associated with the

electron transport system.C. Cytochrome proteins reside in the mitochondria and are specifically associated with the

Kreb cycle.D. Cytochrome proteins reside in the mitochondria and are specifically associated with

glycolysis.

Page 32

Page 33: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

160. Photosynthesis captures less than ____ percent of the amount of sunlight energy reaching the

earth.

A. 1 B. 2 C. 5 D. 10 E. 15

161. Carbon atoms of CO2 are incorporated into organic molecules in a series of dark reactions called

A. carbon reduction

B. carbon synthesis

C. carbon fixation

D. carbon activation

E. carbon oxidation.

162. Most plants incorporate carbon dioxide into sugars by means of a cycle of reactions called the

A. CAM cycle

B. carbon cycle

C. Calvin cycle

D. Krebs cycle

E. Electron transport cycle

163. Flattened sacs of internal membranes which have proteins embedded and are associated with

photosynthesis are called

A. chloroplasts

B. photosystems

C. the stroma

D. thylakoids

E. cristae

164. In green plant photosynthesis, the electron donor for the light dependent reaction is

A. carbon dioxide

B. oxygen

C. RuBP

D. chlorophyll II

E. water

165. In the dark reactions of photosynthesis, CO2 is added to a five-carbon sugar-phosphate known

as

A. cyclic AMP

B. NADH

C. NAD+

D. RuBP

E. CAM

Page 33

Page 34: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

166. Which of the following scientists is not associated with studies on photosynthesis?

A. BlackmanB. Jan IngenhouszC. KrebsD. CalvinE. Van Niel

167. Light consists of units of energy called

A. electronsB. photonsC. protonsD. neutronsE. pigments

168. Which of the following is not part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

A. radio wavesB. gamma raysC. visible lightD. infrared lightE. dipoles

169. Visible light has a wavelength range of

A. 400-700 nanometersB. 200-800 nanometersC. 200-400 nanometersD. 200-700 nanometersE. 0.001-100,000 nanometers

170. Sunburn is caused by which component of sunlight?

A. infrared raysB. X raysC. gamma raysD. ultra violet raysE. long wavelength rays

171. Molecules that absorb light are called

A. enzymesB. electron carriersC. pigmentsD. photosynthesizersE. absorbers

Page 34

Page 35: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

172. Which of the following two types of pigments are used in photosynthesis?

A. chloroplastsB. carotenoidsC. chlorophyllsD. a and bE. b and c

173. The connection between carrots and vision is that the beta carotene of carrots can produce two

molecules of vitamin A and oxidation of vitamin A produces a pigment used in vertebrate vision.

This pigment's name is

A. chlorophyllB. ferredoxinC. cytochromeD. caroteneE. retinal

174. Chlorophyll b absorbs in green wavelengths of light that chlorophyll a cannot absorb. In this

respect, chlorophyll b acts as

A. an accessory pigmentB. an energizer for photosynthetic bacteriaC. a light absorber in the green lightD. a more efficient pigmentE. all of the above are true

175. The photosystem channels the excitation energy gathered by absorption of light by any one of the

pigment molecules to a specific "reaction center chlorophyll," which in turn passes the energy to

A. photosystem IB. photosystem IIC. the primary electron acceptorD. the secondary electron centerE. cytochrome

176. Which of the following is common to both cellular respiration and the light reactions of

photosynthesis?

A. the transfer of electrons to glucoseB. the chemiosmotic formation of ATPC. oxygen is one of the byproductsD. mitochondria are essential organellesE. must have light

Page 35

Page 36: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

177. Sulfur bacteria produce ATP in a photosynthetic process called

A. the Calvin cycleB. the Krebs cycleC. glycolysisD. cyclic photophosphorylationE. noncyclic photophosphorylation

178. In the photosystem I photocenter, light energy captured by pigment molecules is passed on to a

special molecule called

A. P680

B. P700

C. chlorophyll I

D. chlorophyll II

E. retinal

179. Photosystem ii absorbs protons that are slightly more energetic than photosystem I, but similarly

pass this energy to a pigment called

A. P680

B. P700

C. chlorophyll I

D. chlorophyll II

E. retinal

180. Photosystem I differs from photosystem II in that the following molecule is not made directly from

the process:

A. ATP

B. NADH

C. NADPH

D. carbohydrates

E. water

181. The dark reactions of photosynthesis are those that

A. convert chlorophylls into enzymes

B. convert enzymes into chlorophylls

C. convert water into hydrogen and oxygen

D. convert CO2 into reduced molecules (sugars)

E. only occur in the dark

Page 36

Page 37: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

182. In dark reactions, when CO2 is added to a molecule of RUBP the product is

A. citric acid

B. glucose

C. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

D. glycerophosphate

E. pyruvate

183. The cyclic carbon fixation reactions are also known as the

A. Krebs cycle

B. Calvin cycle

C. citric acid cycle

D. tri carboxylic acid cycle

E. Blackman cycle

184. How many revolutions of the Calvin cycle are required to produce the sugar glucose?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. 6

185. Internal chloroplast membranes are organized into flattened sacs called

A. microbodies

B. mitochondria

C. thylakoids

D. vesicles

E. Calvin bodies

186. Which part of the chloroplasts contain the Calvin-cycle enzymes?

A. stroma

B. thylakoids

C. grana

D. envelope

E. cristae

187. The photosynthetic electron transport causes the accumulation of protons in which part of the

chloroplast?

A. matrix

B. stroma

C. envelope

D. outer membrane

E. internal thylakoid space

Page 37

Page 38: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

188. Embedded in the thylakoid membrane and protruding as knobs from the outer surface into the

stroma, there are

A. enzymes that fix carbon dioxideB. proton channels that synthesize ATPC. chlorophyll a and bD. P680 and P700

E. specialized bundle sheath cells

189. What products of light reactions of photosynthesis are used in the Calvin cycle?

A. oxygen and protons

B. carbon dioxide and water

C. ATP and NADPH

D. ADP and NADP

E. glucose and oxygen

190. CO2 is released without the production of ATP or NADPH. This process is called

A. carbon fixation

B. oxygen fixation

C. photophosphorylation

D. photorespiration

E. photooxidation

191. The loss of carbon fixing activity of the enzyme RuBP carboxylase is directly proportional to

A. high temperatures and high light intensities

B. low temperature and low light intensities

C. completely dark conditions

D. lack of carbon dioxide

E. lack of oxygen

192. Many tropical plants circumvent the loss of carbon fixation due to oxygen by using a four carbon

synthesis (C4) metabolism. The special cells of these plants, which can carry out C4 synthesis are

A. mesophyll cells

B. bundle sheath cells

C. epidermal cells

D. guard cells

E. xylem cells

Page 38

Page 39: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

193. One of the disadvantages of the C4 pathway is that it requires

A. more O2

B. more NADPH

C. more light

D. more ATP

E. a much higher temperature

194. A method devised by succulent desert plants to reduce the problem of photorespiration is

A. the C3 pathway

B. the CAM metabolism

C. the Calvin cycle

D. light reactions

E. nitrogen fixation

195. Most of the atmospheric oxygen occurs as a result of photosynthesis. From which of the following

molecules is the oxygen derived?

A. water

B. carbon dioxide

C. glucose

D. chlorophyll

196. A scientist is hoping to synthesize a new herbicide that will kill certain weeds. She has found that

one weed species in particular has thylakoids that have rather large pores. The herbicide will open

the pores of these thylakoids, causing them to leak

A. stromal enzymes

B. chlorophyll

C. ATP

D. glucose

E. NADPH

197. If you keep a small cactus in the light of a window and add water as needed, you know that

A. the cactus will use most of the soil

B. the cactus will use none of the soil

C. the cactus will receive some nutrients from the soil

D. the soil will replenish its nutrients

E. most of the growth the cactus has over time will be from the oxygen it absorbs from he air

Page 39

Page 40: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

198. C. B. van Niel used sulfur bacteria in his research on photosynthesis. His equation involved

carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. The bacteria produce sulfur. In green plants which molecule

is split to form the oxygen?

A. waterB. carbon dioxideC. glucoseD. chlorophyll

199. If chlorophyll a is blocked from absorbing, what will happen to chlorophyll b since it is an

accessory pigment?

A. Chlorophyll b will become denatured and will not function as a light-absorbing pigmentB. Chlorophyll b will still absorb near the green wavelengths of light, but photosynthesis will be

greatly reducedC. Chlorophyll b will become saturated with light and will continue photosynthesis even in the

absence of chlorophyll aD. Chlorophyll b will also be blocked and thus photosynthesis will be stopped

200. Carotenoids are important to many plants because these pigments are able to

A. remove carbon dioxide from the airB. absorb wavelengths of light that neither chlorophyll a nor b can absorbC. absorb water so that hydrolysis can be carried out in the chloroplastsD. capture UV radiation that is harmful to the DNA in the nucleus of plant cellsE. store electrons for use during the "dark" reaction of photosynthesis

201. Engelmann (1883) determined the wavelengths of light that plants could use most effectively. He

used a green algae and to obtain his results.

A. another green algaeB. anaerobic bacteriaC. aerobic bacteriaD. radioactive isotopesE. a mass spectrometer

202. Engelmann (1883) discovered that the wavelengths of light that chlorophyll most strongly

absorbed were

A. in the red-violet wavelengths of the visible light spectrumB. in the green wavelength of the visible light spectrumC. in the yellow-orange wavelengths of the visible light spectrumD. in the ultraviolet wavelengths of the light spectrumE. in the infrared wavelengths of the light spectrum

Page 40

Page 41: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

203. Fall leaf color on deciduous trees is a result of

A. the production of more accessory pigments because of the cooler temperaturesB. the reduction in the production of accessory pigments because of the cooler temperaturesC. cessation of chlorophyll production, which allows the accessory pigments to be revealedD. the increased angle of the sun during the fall, which reflects more of the accessory pigments

causing the human eye to see the red, yellow, and orange colors that were masked by the

green chlorophyll

204. About one hundred years ago Blackman concluded that because of its temperature dependence,

photosynthesis might involve

A. carbon dioxide as the source of oxygen released during photosynthesisB. photosystem one but photosystem two was only used by sulfur bacteriaC. the absorption of ultraviolet or infrared light wavesD. enzyme-catalyzed reactions

205. In the plants that utilize the CAM pathway, what happens to the stomata?

A. The stomata open in the afternoon but close as soon as the sun sets.B. The stomata open in the morning but close in the afternoon.C. The stomata open in the evening but close in the morning.D. The stomata open only when the sun is shining and close at night.

Page 41

Page 42: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

Answer Key for Test "Cell practice test.tst", 10/25/2011

No. in

Q-Bank

No. on

Test Correct Answer

5 14 1 B

5 15 2 A

5 16 3 D

5 17 4 E

5 18 5 A

5 19 6 D

5 20 7 C

5 21 8 B

5 22 9 D

5 23 10 A

5 24 11 C

5 25 12 E

5 26 13 D

5 27 14 E

5 28 15 D

5 29 16 A

5 30 17 C

5 31 18 B

5 32 19 D

5 33 20 C

5 34 21 E

5 35 22 D

5 36 23 B

5 37 24 E

5 38 25 A

5 39 26 C

5 40 27 D

5 41 28 B

5 42 29 B

5 43 30 A

5 44 31 E

5 45 32 C

5 46 33 C

5 47 34 A

5 48 35 D

5 49 36 E

5 50 37 B

5 51 38 C

5 52 39 E

5 53 40 E

5 54 41 E

5 55 42 C

5 56 43 D

5 57 44 E

5 58 45 B

Page 1

Page 43: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

Answer Key for Test "Cell practice test.tst", 10/25/2011

No. in

Q-Bank

No. on

Test Correct Answer

5 59 46 C

5 60 47 B

5 61 48 A

5 62 49 D

5 63 50 B

5 64 51 D

5 65 52 A

5 66 53 A

5 67 54 E

6 12 55 B

6 11 56 A

6 22 57 C

6 21 58 B

6 20 59 D

6 19 60 C

6 18 61 B

6 17 62 C

6 16 63 D

6 15 64 D

6 14 65 A

6 13 66 E

6 23 67 E

6 24 68 B

6 25 69 C

6 26 70 D

6 27 71 E

6 28 72 A

6 29 73 D

6 30 74 C

6 31 75 A

6 32 76 B

6 33 77 E

6 44 78 A

6 43 79 C

6 42 80 C

6 41 81 D

6 40 82 C

6 39 83 E

6 38 84 C

6 37 85 D

6 36 86 A

6 35 87 B

6 34 88 B

6 45 89 A

6 46 90 E

Page 2

Page 44: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

Answer Key for Test "Cell practice test.tst", 10/25/2011

No. in

Q-Bank

No. on

Test Correct Answer

6 47 91 C

6 48 92 A

6 49 93 A

6 50 94 D

8 12 95 C

8 13 96 B

8 14 97 A

8 20 98 D

8 21 99 C

8 22 100 D

8 23 101 A

8 24 102 E

8 25 103 C

8 26 104 E

8 27 105 A

8 28 106 D

8 29 107 E

8 30 108 D

8 31 109 D

8 42 110 A

8 43 111 D

9 13 112 A

9 14 113 D

9 15 114 B

9 16 115 E

9 17 116 A

9 18 117 E

9 19 118 A

9 20 119 E

9 21 120 E

9 22 121 C

9 33 122 E

9 32 123 D

9 31 124 B

9 30 125 E

9 29 126 D

9 28 127 A

9 27 128 B

9 26 129 D

9 25 130 C

9 24 131 E

9 23 132 C

9 34 133 B

9 35 134 E

9 36 135 B

Page 3

Page 45: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

Answer Key for Test "Cell practice test.tst", 10/25/2011

No. in

Q-Bank

No. on

Test Correct Answer

9 37 136 C

9 38 137 D

9 39 138 A

9 40 139 E

9 41 140 C

9 42 141 D

9 43 142 B

9 44 143 C

9 55 144 A

9 54 145 B

9 53 146 D

9 52 147 B

9 51 148 A

9 50 149 D

9 49 150 E

9 48 151 A

9 47 152 E

9 46 153 B

9 45 154 C

9 56 155 B

9 57 156 C

9 58 157 A

9 59 158 D

9 60 159 B

10 13 160 A

10 14 161 C

10 15 162 C

10 16 163 D

10 17 164 E

10 18 165 D

10 19 166 C

10 20 167 B

10 21 168 E

10 22 169 A

10 23 170 D

10 24 171 C

10 25 172 E

10 26 173 E

10 27 174 A

10 28 175 C

10 29 176 B

10 30 177 D

10 31 178 B

10 32 179 A

10 33 180 C

Page 4

Page 46: Cell Exam Practice Multiple Choice

Answer Key for Test "Cell practice test.tst", 10/25/2011

No. in

Q-Bank

No. on

Test Correct Answer

10 34 181 D

10 35 182 D

10 36 183 B

10 37 184 E

10 38 185 C

10 39 186 A

10 40 187 E

10 41 188 B

10 42 189 C

10 43 190 D

10 44 191 A

10 45 192 B

10 46 193 D

10 47 194 B

10 48 195 A

10 49 196 B

10 50 197 C

10 51 198 A

10 52 199 B

10 53 200 B

10 54 201 C

10 55 202 A

10 56 203 C

10 57 204 D

10 58 205 C

Page 5