cell structure chemicals of life nature of molecules evidence of evolution science of biology 50 40...
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Cell Structure
Chemicals of Life
Nature of Molecules
Evidence of Evolution
Science of Biology
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Explain the properties of life.
Order-all organisms are composed of one or more cells; Sensitivity- respond to stimuli;
Growth & development- all organisms grow and develop and pass hereditary material to
offspring; Regulation- coordinate internal functions; Homeostasis- maintain constant
internal conditions
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Explain inductive and deductive reasoning
Inductive- specific observations to construct general science principlesDeductive- using general
science principles to explain specific results
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What is the scientific method?
1.Ask a question2.Form a hypothesis
3.Perform an experiment4.Make a prediction
5.Gather data 6.Form conclusions
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What is the theory of evolution? (include natural selection
Evolution is generation to generation change in a
species; natural selection is the process by which it
happens
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Explain the evidence of evolution
1.Fossils- remains of organisms2.Homologous structure- structures that the same origin, but different
function3.Analogous structures- structures
with the same function, but different origin
4.Development- comparing embryos5.Molecular biology- comparing DNA
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What are the forms for evidence for evolution?
1.Fossils2.Homologous structures3.Analogous structures
4.Molecular biology 5.Vestigial structures
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What is the fossil record?
Collective record of preserved remains of once living organisms
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Define natural selection
The process by which the environment chooses the organisms that are most
suited to survive
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Define artificial selection
Favoring individuals with certain phenotypic traits
and allowing them to reproduce
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Explain Darwin’s critics and arguments
1.Evolution not solidly demonstrated2.No fossil intermediates
3.Intelligent design 4.Violates 2nd law of
thermodynamics5.Proteins too improbable
6.N.S. does not imply evolution7.The irreducible complexity
argument
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What is matter? What is an atom?
Matter is anything that has
mass and takes up space; atoms are the basic unit of matter
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What are the properties of water?
1.Polar2.Cohesion3.Adhesion
4.High specific heat5.Heat of vaporization
6.Universal solvent7.Surface tension
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Discuss the three subatomic particles
1.Protons- (+) in the nucleus2.Neutrons- neutral, in the
nucleus3.Electrons- (-); in orbitals
outside the nucleus
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Define elements and isotopes
Elements- substance made up of one type of
atomIsotope- element that has
a different number of neutrons
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Discuss chemical bonding
Ionic- transfer of electrons from one atom
to anotherCovalent- sharing of
electrons between atoms
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What are organic compounds?
Organic compounds have carbon to hydrogen
bonds
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What are carbohydrates? Discuss types
Carbs are composed of sugars
Mono- single sugarsDi- double sugars
Poly- starches
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Discuss proteins
Organic compounds composed of amino acids. Have a defined shape: primary, secondary.
tertiary and quantenary
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What are lipids
Organic compounds that do not dissolve in water.
Composed of glycerol and fatty acids. Can be solid or liquid at
room temp
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Discuss nucleic acids
Organic compounds composed nucleotides
(5 carbon sugar, phosphate group,
nitrogen base)
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What are cell structures that cells have in
common?
1.Cell membrane2.Genetic material
3.Cytoplasm
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What is the cell theory?
1.All living things are composed of cells
2.Cells are the basic unit of structure and function
3.Cells come from pre-existing cells
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What is a TEM and a SEM?
Transmission electron microscope- gives detail of inside the cell
Scanning electron microscope- gives a 3D image of surface of
cells
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What is the endosymbiont theory?
One prokaryote engulfed another and they began to benefit each other. Gave rise to the first
eukaryote
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How do cells move?
1.Flagella2.Cilia
3.pseudopods