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Warm-Up Cell Structure

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Words to Know

Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may use the glossary to help you.

an organelle that packages materials and distributes them within the cell or out of the cell

an organelle used as a temporary storage area

a strong, supportive layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria and fungi

the control center of the cell that contains DNA

a specialized structure within a cell that performs a particular function

a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction

Lesson Goals

Explore the structure of cells.

Identify the

of a cell.

Examine the

of cell organelles.

Lesson Question

WK2

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Warm-Up Cell Structure

Words to Know

an organelle that breaks down sugars and releases energy

an abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the genetic material passed from parent to offspring

an organelle that contains digestive enzymes that break down waste materials

a specialized organelle in photosynthetic organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

a jellylike substance that is contained within the cell membrane

a protective layer surrounding a cell that controls what enters and leaves the cell

an organelle that aids in the production and movement of proteins and other materials through the cell

an organelle that produces proteins for the cell

WK2

The Cell Theory

• All things are made of cells.

• The cell is the basic unit of and of a living thing.

• All cells come from other cells.

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Instruction Cell Structure

2Slide

The Cell’s Many Tasks

• To stay alive, cells:

• take in .

• store and release .

• build and repair cell parts.

• get rid of waste materials.

• respond to the environment.

• .

Cell Wall

• The cell wall is a strong layer around cells in , algae, and some bacteria and fungi.

• The cell wall provides to the cell.

• The cell wall protects the cell.

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Cell Structure

2Slide

Cell Membrane

• The cell membrane is a

layer surrounding a

cell that what enters

and leaves the cell.

• The cell membrane only allows substances that the cell needs to enter.

• The cell membrane gets rid of material from the cell.

Instruction

Cytoplasm

• The cytoplasm a jellylike substance that is contained within the cell membrane.

• The cytoplasm supports and protects the

structures, called , in the cell.

• An organelle is a specialized structure within a cell that performs a particular function.

• Many of the cell’s building materials are made and in the cytoplasm.

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Instruction Cell Structure

4Slide

Nucleus

• The nucleus is the control center

of the cell that contains .

• DNA is an abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, which

is the material

passed from parent to offspring.

• DNA contains on how a cell functions.

Ribosomes and Mitochondria

• A ribosome is an organelle that

produces for the cell.

• A mitochondrion is an organelle

that breaks down and

releases .

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle

that aids in the and

of proteins and other

materials through the cell.

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Instruction Cell Structure

7Slide

Lysosomes

• A lysosome is an organelle that

contains digestive

that break down waste materials.

• An enzyme is a protein that

speeds up a

reaction.

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Vacuoles

• A vacuole is an used

as a temporary area.

• Stores

• Stores materials

Golgi Body

The Golgi body is an organelle that

materials and

them within or

out of the cell.

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Instruction Cell Structure

10Slide

Chloroplasts

• A chloroplast is a specialized organelle in organisms

that captures the energy from and converts it into chemical energy.

• A chloroplast uses from the sun to make for the cell.

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Summary Cell Structure

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2Slide

Review: Key Concepts

Some cells have additional structures. They include lysosomes, ,

the cell wall, and .

Answer

Lesson Question What are the roles of different organelles in a cell?

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Summary Cell Structure

Review: Key Concepts

Structure/Organelle Function

Cell wall Protects and supports the cell; is only found in some cells

Cell membrane Controls what enters and leaves the cell

Supports and protects the organelles in the cell

Nucleus Controls the activities of the cell

Ribosome Produces proteins in the cell

Mitochondrion Supplies energy for the cell to use

2Slide

Review: Key Concepts

Structure/Organelle Function

Aids in the production and movement of proteins and other materials through the cell

Golgi body/apparatus/complex

Packages materials and distributes them within the cell or out of the cell

Breaks down waste materials; is only found in some cells

Vacuole Stores nutrients and waste materials in the cell temporarily; is only found in some cells

Captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy; is only found in some cells

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Summary Cell Structure

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