cell theory and organelles theory...all cellular organisms carry out the following functions of...
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Cell Theory and Organelles
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As I am presenting, please complete the organelle identification worksheet
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The 3 parts of the cell theory- all organisms are composed of one or more cells - cells are the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms - all cells come from preexisting cells
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All cellular organisms carry out the following functions of life: Metabolism: chemical reactions that release energy for cellular use
Reproduction
Homeostasis: maintain stable internal conditions
Growth
Response to the environment
Excretion: removal of waste
Nutrition: obtaining food needed for energy and growth
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Cells vary in many ways within and between organisms, but some things are common to all cells...
- they are surrounded by a membrane- they contain genetic material (DNA)- they contain enzymes that help chemical reactions in a cell- they have an energy-release system (metabolism)
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Types of cells
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CellsInside eukaryotic cell
- each cells are composed of smaller components called organelles - organelles work together to carry out life functions- each organelle has specific functions
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Difference between animal cells and plant cells
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Cell membrane- boundary of the cell- made of phospholipid bilayer- controls movement of material in and out of the cell
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Cell WallIn plant cells only!
● rigid layer inside the cell membrane that acts as structural support ● made of cellulose
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Cytoplasm - mainly composed of water, salts
and proteins - keeps all organelles suspended
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Nucleus- control center of the cell- contains DNA- surrounded by membrane- usually one per cell
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Ribosomes - make proteins - found attached to rough ER or
floating free in cytoplasm
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Endoplasmic Reticulum- connected to nuclear membrane- highway of the cell, because it
transports materials within the cell- connect different parts of the cell- the outer surface is either smooth
or rough (ribosomes on it make it rough)
- Smooth ER: Creates and transports fats
- Rough ER: Folds and transports proteins
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Golgi Apparatus- cells packaging center - stores modifies and packages
proteins in bubble tight boxes where they are transported outside the cells
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Vesicle- membrane-covered sacs that transport materials inside the cell and in/out of
the cell
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Mitochondria - powerhouse of the cell- cellular respiration occurs here
to release energy for the cell to use
- highly folder membranes inside it
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Lysosomes - garbage disposal of the cell- contain digestive enzymes that
break down wastes
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VacuoleFluid-filled sacs that store food, water, and waste
● In animals-- several small vacuoles● In plants-- one or two large vacuoles
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Chloroplast- only found in plant cells - contain green pigment
chlorophyll- site of food production- allow for photosynthesis to take
place
https://vimeo.com/7746357
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ReviewWhich organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Which organelle is known as the packaging center of the cell?
DNA is found in which part of the cell?