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SELECTED STATISTICS ON WOMEN’S STATUS
29% of women 20-24 years were married orin union before age 15
68% of women 20-24 years were married orin union before age 18
45% of women 20-24 years have given birthby age 18
80%of women 15-49 years think that ahusband/partner is justifi ed in hitting/beating his wife under certaincircumstances
67%of women 15-49 years make use of atleast one type of information media atleast once a week (newspaper, magazinemagazine, television, or radio)
National decree/legislation banning FGM passed (amended in 1996)
Source: MICS 2010
Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to “all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.”1
While the exact number of girls and women worldwide who have undergone FGM remains unknown, at least 200 million girls and women have been cut in 30 countries with representative data on prevalence. FGM is a violation of girls’ and women’s human rights and is condemned by many international treaties and conventions, as well as by national legislation in many countries. Yet, where it is practised FGM is performed in line with tradition and social norms to ensure that girls are socially accepted and marriageable, and to uphold their status and honour and that of the entire family. UNICEF works with government and civil society partners towards the elimination of FGM in countries where it is still practised.
1. World Health Organization, Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An interagency statement, WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNIFEM, OHCHR, UNHCR, UNECA, UNESCO, UNDP, UNAIDS, WHO, Geneva, 2008, p. 4.
STATISTICAL PROFILE ON FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Data and Analytics SectionDIVISION OF DATA, RESEARCH AND POLICY
© UNICEF/UNI144402/Asselin
1966
HOW WIDESPREAD IS THE PRACTICE?
Nearly one quarter of girls and women have experienced FGM in Central African Republic, with variations by ethnicity and region
WHEN AND HOW IS FGM PERFORMED?
Approximately six out of ten girls who underwent FGM were cut between the ages of 10 and 14
Notes: The boundaries and the names shown and the designations used on the map do not imply offi cial endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Only categories with 25 or more unweighted cases are presented. Due to rounding, some of the data presented may not add up to 100 per cent. Prevalence data for girls aged 0 to 14 refl ect their current, but not fi nal, FGM status since some girls who have not been cut may still be at risk of experiencing the practice once they reach the customary age for cutting. Therefore, the data on prevalence for girls under age 15 is actually an underestimation of the true extent of the practice. Since age at cutting varies among settings, the amount of underestimation also varies and this should be kept in mind when interpreting all FGM prevalence data for this age group. ‘Health personnel’ includes doctors, nurses, midwives and other health workers; ‘Traditional practitioner’ includes traditional circumcisers, traditional birth attendants, traditional midwives and other types of traditional practitioners.
Source for all charts on this page: MICS 2010
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 yearswho have undergone FGM, by préfecture Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by ethnicity and religion
Percentage distribution of girls aged 15 to 19 years who have undergone FGM, by age at which cutting occurred
Percentage distribution of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers) according to the type of person/
practitioner performing the procedure
Percentage distribution of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers) by type of FGM performed
Percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers), by residence, mother’s education and household wealth quintile
Among daughters of cut girls and women, the percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers),
by mothers’ attitude about whether the practice should continue
24
53
3
25 24 24 23 21
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total Muslim Other religion
Ethnic group with highest prevalence
Ethnic group withlowest prevalence
RomanCatholic
Noreligion
OtherChristians
1 2 1 2 1 0.2 2 1
Total 0
10
20
30
40
50
Rural Urban Noeducation
Primarycomplete
Secondaryor higher
Poorest Richest
95 3 2
0
10
20
30
40
50
Daughters whosemothers thinkFGM should
continue
Daughters whose
mothers say itdepends
Daughters whosemothers are
unsure
Daughters whosemothers think
FGM should stop
0-4 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15+ years
Don’t know/Missing
5923 8 7
0 20 40 60 80 100
3
1
89
10
Traditionalpractitioner
Health personnel
Don’t know/Missing
24
61
9
6 Cut, fleshremoved
Type notdetermined/Notsure/Don’t know
Sewn closed
Cut, no fleshremoved/Nicked
10% - 25% 26% - 50%
51% - 80%
Less than 10%
Above 80% No data
WHAT ARE THE PREVAILING ATTITUDES TO WARDS FGM?
Three out of four women in Central African Republic think the practice of FGM should stop
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue, by household wealth quintile, education, ethnicity and age
IS THE PRACTICE OF FGM CHANGING?
Both the prevalence of FGM and support for the practice have declined sharply over time
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by current age
Source: MICS 2010Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, and percentage of girls and women aged
15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM, by their attitudes about whether the practice should continue
Source for all above charts: MICS 2010
7511 14
0
Think FGM should continue Think FGM should stop Say it depends/are not sure
100 20 40 60 80
11 6
1715
12
5
19
3
14 10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Total Poorest Richest No education Primarycomplete
Secondaryor higher
Ethnic groupwith highest
support
Ethnic groupwith lowest
support
45-49 years15-19 years
0
10
20
30
40
50
45-49 years 40-44 years 35-39 years 30-34 years 25-29 years 20-24 years 15-19 years
34 30 28
26 25 22 18
3626 24
14 11
0
20
40
60
80
100
MICS 2000 MICS 2006 MICS 2010
Prevalence of FGM Think FGM should continue
2230
43
DHS 1994-95
INTER-COUNTRY STATISTICAL OVERVIEW
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM
Percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers)
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Notes: Data on attitudes for Yemen refer to ever-married girls and women. In Liberia, girls and women who have heard of the Sande society were asked whether they were members; this provides indirect information on FGM since it is performed during initiation into the society. Egypt data refer to girls aged 1 to 14 years and Indonesia data refer to girls aged 0 to 11 years. An older source is used to report on the prevalence of FGM among girls aged 0 to 14 years for Gambia (MICS 2010) and Uganda (DHS 2011) since the latest source did not collect these data. MICS data for Ghana (2011) could not be used to report on attitudes towards FGM due to the fact that information is missing for girls and women with no living daughters; data from MICS 2006 are used instead. In Liberia, only cut girls and women were asked about their attitudes towards FGM; since girls and women from practicing communities are more likely to support the practice, the level of support in this country as captured by DHS 2013 is higher than would be expected had all girls and women been asked their opinion. Prevalence data on FGM for girls and women aged 15 to 49 years and data on attitudes towards FGM are not available for Indonesia.
Sources: DHS, MICS, Health Issues Survey, Population and Health Survey and RISKESDAS, 2004-2018.
Updated January 2019
FOR MORE INFORMATIONData and Analytics Section - Division of Data, Research and Policy
UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, 10017Website: data.unicef.org Email: [email protected]
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