CERN – IT Department

CH-1211 Genève 23Switzerland

www.cern.ch/it

Open Access at CERN

Tim Smith CERN/IT

ITTF [Nov 2013] - 2

A Visionary Perspective

Sharing Knowledge..

..to accelerate Science

..to foster Collaboration

..to enrich the World

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Open Access Enshrined in our Convention

“The results of [CERN’s] experimental and theoretical work shall be published or otherwise made generally

available”

CERN Convention, Article II.1, 1953

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What’s best for Open Science?

Copyright Public Domain

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Intellectual Property: Copyright

• Automatic – don’t need to claim – and Exclusive– Moral

• To claim authorship

– Economic• To exploit the work

• To make “Open”, need to waive or licence

• Key points in question…– Credit and Appropriation– Intrinsic value of original or derivative work?

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Whose IP is it anyway ?

• CERN Staff Rules And Regulations Art. 5:– “All rights in intellectual property that results from, or is

substantially based on, a member of the personnel’s activities within the Organization or on its behalf shall be automatically vested in the Organization.”

• Members of Personnel– Employed MPs

• Staff, Fellows, Apprentices

– Associated MPs• “I will be an associated member of the personnel of CERN,

subject to its Staff Rules and Regulations”

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Policy Principles

• Assert ownership– To be able to ensure openness– Avoid transfer of ownership

• e.g.: Publications Policy: “CERN will strive to exercise its copyright in such a way as to permit the widest possible dissemination and use of the paper. Every reasonable effort will be made to avoid transfer of copyright to a third party.”

– CERN may hold IP for the benefit of a collaboration

• License openly– Favour standard form licences

• e.g.: GPL, CC

• Highlight special IGO status without modifying licence• e.g.: SW Policy: “In applying this licence, CERN does not waive the

privileges and immunities granted to it by virtue of its status as an Intergovernmental Organization or submit itself to any jurisdiction”

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Open on all Fronts

+ Logos, Labels,Patents,Trademarks, …

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Creative Commons

You are free:to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work

to Remix — to adapt, to make commercial use of the work

Under the following conditions:Attribution — You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work)

Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

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Publications

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MultiMedia

• CERN Terms of Use – open/special• CC for Higgs boson Nobel Day

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Hardware

• CERN–OHL is to hardware what GPL is to software– “anyone should be able to see the source (the design

documentation in case of hardware), study it, modify it and share it”

• http://www.ohwr.org/projects/cernohl/wiki• http://freedomdefined.org/OSHW

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Data

• CERN Library Bibliographic Data• CERN Book Catalogue• LHC Experiment Outreach Data

• Institutional Data– Project with OKF

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Hub … Dissemination

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– Form Prototyped in IT

– Form reflects complexity• Compiled vs. Interpreted source• Stand-alone vs. Library program• Original vs. Derivative work• Derivative by Inclusion vs. Modification• Stand-alone vs. Communicating• Static vs. Dynamic linking• ...

https://cds.cern.ch/record/1482206

SW Next Steps: Document cases

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Supervisor

(Departmental Management)

Software Author(s)

DepartmentalKT Officer

FP-KTLegal Counsel

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4 4

1. Author(s) and supervisor(s) discuss the case.

Departmental management involved as appropriate

2. Author(s)/supervisor(s) present the case to DKTO

DKTO discuss licensing options with authors(s)/supervisor(s), agree on licence to be proposed

3. DKTO transmit case to FP-KT Legal Counsel with proposed licence

4. FP-KT Legal Counsel checks compatibility, discuss as appropriate with author(s)/supervisor(s) and validate licence

5. FP-KT Legal Counsel informs DKTO of result

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5

SW: Setup Decision Making Process

3

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Open Knowledge and Technology Transfer

• CERN IP Policy– CERN Council 2010 (CERN/FC/5434/RA)– “Use of technology transfer practices that maximise the

dissemination and visibility of technologies”– “In cases where revenue generation and dissemination

conflict, the priority is given to dissemination”

• Dual Licencing schemes• CERN Easy Access IP

– “CERN’s technologies available free of royalties, released only to partners who can best develop them to benefit the economy and society”

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Reference Material

• http://library.web.cern.ch/OpenAccess/

• http://knowledgetransfer.web.cern.ch/technology-transfer

• http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Case_Studies/CERN

• http://home.web.cern.ch/about/updates/2013/10/cern-releases-photos-under-creative-commons-licence

• https://cds.cern.ch/collection/Creative%20Commons%20Images%20from%20CERN

• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Media_from_CERN