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CCENT

® CertificationA

LL

-IN-O

NE

CCENT® Certification Open the book and find:

• Basic facts of networking

• Introduction to TCP/IP

• Hints for using the Cisco IOS

• Step-by-step description of the routing process

• A guide to basic configuration

• Troubleshooting advice

• Exam tips for each topic

• An exam-objective mapping table

• Detailed examples of subnetting

Get ready for Cisco’s entry-level networking certification CCENT exam 640-822If you’re preparing for Cisco certification, your road starts with CCENT Exam 640-822 ICND1. This volume covers everything you need to know! You’ll learn networking basics and how to work with Cisco devices, routers, switches, and more. With over 600 pages, plus dozens of review questions, this complete guide will help you make the grade.

• Discover CCENT certification — find out what the certification involves and what to expect on the exam

• Networks and Cisco devices — learn networking basics, all about ports, and how to configure interfaces and services such as DHCP and NAT

• Data routing — explore static routing, dynamic routing protocols, and how to control the routing process with the routing table

• Be prepared — learn basic troubleshooting steps and commands you can use on Cisco devices

• Cast a wider net — become familiar with network security, security best practices, and wide area networks (WANs)

Glen E. Clarke is an independent trainer and consultant who delivers courses on various certifications, including CCENT, A+, Windows, SQL Server, and others. He is coauthor of both editions of the bestselling CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies. Glen E. Clarke

Coauthor of CompTIA A+ CertificationAll-in-One For Dummies

4IN 1BOOKSBOOKS

• Networking Basics• Cisco Device Basics• Routing and Switching• Advanced Topics

Bonus CD includes Test Engine, demonstration videos, and Lab Manual

Bonus CD IncludesTest Engine that simulates the actual CCENT certification exam

Demonstration videos showing how to perform tasks you’ll need to know to pass the exam

System requirements: Please see the About the CD Appendix for complete system requirements.

Hundreds of practice questions

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by Glen E. Clarke

CCENT®CertificationA L L - I N - O N E

FOR

DUMmIES‰

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CCENT® Certifi cation All-In-One For Dummies®

Published byWiley Publishing, Inc.111 River StreetHoboken, NJ 07030-5774

www.wiley.com

Copyright © 2011 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permit-ted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, Making Everything Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affi liates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. CCENT is a registered trademark of Cisco Technology, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITH-OUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES OR PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS. THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIES CONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY SITUATION. THIS WORK IS SOLD WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT THE PUBLISHER IS NOT ENGAGED IN RENDERING LEGAL, ACCOUNTING, OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED, THE SERVICES OF A COMPETENT PROFESSIONAL PERSON SHOULD BE SOUGHT. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZA-TION OR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS A CITATION AND/OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THE INFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAY PROVIDE OR RECOMMENDATIONS IT MAY MAKE. FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORK MAY HAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRITTEN AND WHEN IT IS READ..

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www.wiley.com

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About the AuthorGlen E. Clarke (CCENT/MCSE/MCSD/MCDBA/MCT/MCTS/CEH/CHFI/Security+) is an independent trainer and consultant, focusing on network security and security auditing services. Glen spends most of his time delivering certifi ed courses on A+, Network+, Windows Server, SQL Server, Exchange Server, Visual Basic .NET, and ASP.NET. Glen also teaches a number of security related courses covering topics such as ethical hacking and countermeasures, vulnerability testing, fi rewall design, and packet analysis.

Glen is an experienced author and technical editor who has worked on eighteen certifi cation books. Glen designed and coauthored the award nominated A+ Certifi cation Bible and has worked on certifi cation titles involving topics such as Windows certifi cation, CIW certifi cation, Network+ certifi cation, and Security+ certifi cation. Glen is also author of The Network+ Certifi cation Study Guide, 4th Edition, and coauthor of CompTIA A+ Certifi cation All-One For Dummies, 2nd Edition.

When he’s not working, Glen loves to spend quality time with his wife, Tanya, and their four children, Sara, Brendon, Ashlyn, and Rebecca. You can visit Glen online at www.gleneclarke.com, or contact him at [email protected].

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DedicationTo Tanya, my beautiful wife and partner in life.

Author’s AcknowledgmentsI want to thank the people at Wiley for their hard work and continued sup-port. A special thank you to acquisitions editor, Katie Feltman, for her sup-port with this project and her patience as I worked through the chapters. I also want to thank project editor Blair Pottenger for his patience and quick responses to any questions I fi red his way! Katie and Blair, you are both great people to work for and I always look forward to our next project together! Much appreciation goes to copy editor Heidi Unger for an outstanding job on the editing of the chapters — thank you! I also want to thank Dan Lachance and Ed Tetz for their feedback as technical editors and a job well done! Thanks guys — love working with you both!

I also want to thank the folks at Tim Horton’s for not kicking me out when I occupy a table for hours at a time and for keeping the coffee always fresh! I would also like to thank Bob Canning and Dan Tooke for their interest in tech-nology and taking the time to give me a tour of their work environment — it was great, thank you!

A special thank you goes to my four children, Sara, Brendon, Ashlyn, and Rebecca, for giving me the time to sit down and participate in kids play with them — it makes me realize what is important in life. A needed thank you goes to my wife, Tanya, for all her support — you have made great sacrifi ces with this project as well. Thank you for all that you do!

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Publisher’s Acknowledgments

We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments at http://dummies.custhelp.com. For other comments, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 877-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002.

Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:

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Contents at a GlanceIntroduction ................................................................ 1

Book I: Networking Basics ........................................... 7Chapter 1: About the CCENT Exam ................................................................................. 9Chapter 2: Introduction to Network Technologies ...................................................... 17Chapter 3: Network Devices and Services .................................................................... 51Chapter 4: Introduction to TCP/IP ................................................................................. 77Chapter 5: Subnetting and VLSM ................................................................................. 119

Book II: Cisco Device Basics ..................................... 157Chapter 1: Introduction to the Cisco IOS .................................................................... 159Chapter 2: Basic Router Confi guration ....................................................................... 197Chapter 3: Managing Cisco Devices ............................................................................ 237Chapter 4: Advanced Router Topics ........................................................................... 269

Book III: Routing and Switching ............................... 311Chapter 1: Static Routing .............................................................................................. 313Chapter 2: Dynamic Routing Protocols ....................................................................... 339Chapter 3: Introduction to Switching .......................................................................... 365Chapter 4: Basic Switch Confi guration ........................................................................ 391Chapter 5: Troubleshooting Network Communication ............................................. 413

Book IV: Advanced Topics ........................................ 445Chapter 1: Network Security Terminology ................................................................. 447Chapter 2: Cisco Device Security Best Practices ....................................................... 473Chapter 3: Wireless Networking .................................................................................. 499Chapter 4: Introduction to WANs ................................................................................ 519Appendix A: About the CD ............................................................................................ 539Appendix B: CCENT Certifi cation Exam Reference Matrix ....................................... 543

Index ...................................................................... 547

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Table of Contents

Introduction ................................................................. 1About This Book .............................................................................................. 1Conventions Used in This Book ..................................................................... 1Foolish Assumptions ....................................................................................... 3How This Book Is Organized .......................................................................... 3

Book I: Networking Basics .................................................................... 4Book II: Cisco Device Basics ................................................................. 4Book III: Routing and Switching ........................................................... 4Book IV: Advanced Topics .................................................................... 4Appendixes ............................................................................................. 5Online Cheatsheet.................................................................................. 5

Icons Used in This Book ................................................................................. 5Where to Go from Here ................................................................................... 6

Book I: Networking Basics ............................................ 7

Chapter 1: About the CCENT Exam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

The Value of CCENT Certifi cation ................................................................. 9CCENT Exam Details ...................................................................................... 10What to Expect on the CCENT Exam ........................................................... 11

Types of questions .............................................................................. 11Exam objectives ................................................................................... 13

Using This Book to Prepare for the Exam .................................................. 14On Your Test Day .......................................................................................... 14

Arriving at the test site ....................................................................... 15Getting lots of rest ............................................................................... 15Answering questions ........................................................................... 15

Chapter 2: Introduction to Network Technologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Understanding Network Types .................................................................... 20Local area network .............................................................................. 20Wide area network ............................................................................... 21

Identifying Network Topologies .................................................................. 22Bus topology ......................................................................................... 22Ring topology ....................................................................................... 23Star topology ........................................................................................ 24Hybrid topology ................................................................................... 24

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CCENT Certification All-In-One For Dummiesxii

Looking at Cable Types ................................................................................. 25Coaxial cable ........................................................................................ 26Twisted-pair cabling ............................................................................ 27Fiber-optic cabling ............................................................................... 29Connecting devices to one another ................................................... 31

Accessing the Network with Access Methods ........................................... 34CSMA/CD ............................................................................................... 35Token passing ...................................................................................... 36CSMA/CA ............................................................................................... 36

Understanding Network Architectures ....................................................... 36Ethernet architectures ........................................................................ 37Token Ring ............................................................................................ 40

Looking at the OSI Model .............................................................................. 41Chapter Summary .......................................................................................... 44Lab Exercises ................................................................................................. 44

Lab 2-1: Identifying network architectures ....................................... 45Lab 2-2: Remembering cable specifi cations ..................................... 45Lab 2-3: OSI model terminology ......................................................... 46

Chapter 3: Network Devices and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Building Networks with Network Devices .................................................. 54Hubs and repeaters ............................................................................. 54Network interface card ....................................................................... 55Bridges .................................................................................................. 57Switches ................................................................................................ 58Routers .................................................................................................. 60

Identifying Network Services ....................................................................... 61Web servers .......................................................................................... 61E-mail servers ....................................................................................... 62DNS servers .......................................................................................... 62Authentication servers ........................................................................ 64DHCP servers ........................................................................................ 64Network Address Translation ............................................................ 65

Traffi c Management Concepts ..................................................................... 67To duplex or not to duplex ................................................................. 67Types of communication .................................................................... 67Broadcast domains versus collision domains ................................. 68Managing traffi c.................................................................................... 70

Chapter Summary .......................................................................................... 71Lab Exercises ................................................................................................. 71

Lab 3-1: Network devices .................................................................... 72Lab 3-2: Remembering network services .......................................... 72

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Table of Contents xiii

Chapter 4: Introduction to TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

The Basics of TCP/IP ..................................................................................... 80IP addressing ........................................................................................ 80Converting decimal to binary ............................................................. 83

IP Address Classes ........................................................................................ 85Class A ................................................................................................... 85Class B ................................................................................................... 87Class C ................................................................................................... 88Classes D and E .................................................................................... 88

Looking at Special Addresses ...................................................................... 89Public versus private addresses ........................................................ 89Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) ........................................ 89

Assigning IP Addresses ................................................................................. 90Identifying invalid addresses ............................................................. 90Static addressing versus dynamic addressing ................................. 91Confi guring TCP/IP on a client ........................................................... 91

The TCP/IP Internet Model ........................................................................... 93The four layers ..................................................................................... 93Data encapsulation .............................................................................. 95Application layer protocols ................................................................ 96Transport layer protocols .................................................................. 97Internet layer protocols .................................................................... 105

Chapter Summary ........................................................................................ 112Lab Exercises ............................................................................................... 112

Lab 4-1: Identifying address classes ................................................ 113Lab 4-2: Converting decimal to binary ............................................ 113Lab 4-3: Converting binary to decimal ............................................ 114Lab 4-4: Identifying invalid addresses ............................................. 114Lab 4-5: Match the protocol ............................................................. 115

Chapter 5: Subnetting and VLSM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119

Identifying Reasons to Subnet ................................................................... 122Subnetting a Network .................................................................................. 124

Subnetting a class A network ........................................................... 124Subnetting a class B network ........................................................... 132Subnetting a class C network ........................................................... 137Subnetting the quick way.................................................................. 141IP Subnet Zero .................................................................................... 143

Understanding Variable-Length Subnet Masks ........................................ 144Chapter Summary ........................................................................................ 151Lab Exercises ............................................................................................... 151

Lab 5-1: Subnetting class A ............................................................... 151Lab 5-2: Subnetting class B ............................................................... 152Lab 5-3: Subnetting class C ............................................................... 152Lab 5-4: Subnetting class B using the shortcut .............................. 153

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CCENT Certification All-In-One For Dummiesxiv

Book II: Cisco Device Basics ...................................... 157

Chapter 1: Introduction to the Cisco IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

Introducing the Cisco IOS ........................................................................... 162Identifying Ports on the Cisco Device ....................................................... 162

Cisco router ports .............................................................................. 162Cisco switch ports ............................................................................. 170

Ways to Confi gure the Cisco Device ......................................................... 172Using the CLI....................................................................................... 172Security Device Manager (SDM) ...................................................... 173Cisco Network Assistant ................................................................... 175

Identifying Types of Memory ..................................................................... 176ROM ..................................................................................................... 176Flash memory ..................................................................................... 176Volatile RAM (VRAM) ........................................................................ 177Nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) ............................................................... 178

Powering On Your Cisco Device ................................................................ 178The boot process ............................................................................... 178Initial confi guration dialog ................................................................ 180

Understanding Cisco Confi guration Modes ............................................. 182User exec mode .................................................................................. 183Priv exec mode ................................................................................... 183Global confi guration .......................................................................... 183

Cisco IOS Features ....................................................................................... 185Looking at IOS versions..................................................................... 185Using the help system ....................................................................... 187


Lab 1-1: Identifying ports .................................................................. 190Lab 1-2: Identifying terminology ...................................................... 191Lab 1-3: Identifying IOS confi guration modes ................................. 191Lab 1-4: Identifying the boot process .............................................. 192Lab 1-5: Using help ............................................................................. 192

Chapter 2: Basic Router Confi guration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197

Basic Confi guration of a Cisco Router ...................................................... 200Connecting to your Cisco device ..................................................... 200Changing the hostname .................................................................... 203

Confi guring Ethernet Interfaces ................................................................. 204Confi gure IP settings for the Ethernet interface ............................ 204Confi gure a description for the Ethernet interface ....................... 205Confi gure other settings for the Ethernet interface ...................... 206Enabling and disabling the interface ............................................... 206Confi guring router R2 for the Ethernet interface ........................... 207

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Table of Contents xv

Confi guring Serial Interfaces ...................................................................... 208Confi gure IP settings for the serial interface .................................. 208Confi gure a description for the serial interface ............................. 209Confi gure other settings for the serial interface ............................ 209

Confi guring Passwords ............................................................................... 213Console password.............................................................................. 215Auxiliary port password ................................................................... 215Telnet password ................................................................................ 216

Creating Users .............................................................................................. 217Confi guring Banners .................................................................................... 218

Types of banners ............................................................................... 218Confi guring a banner ......................................................................... 219

Other Useful Commands ............................................................................. 220Saving confi guration changes........................................................... 220Deleting the confi guration ................................................................ 221Looking at the most recently used commands .............................. 222Domain lookups and console timeout............................................. 223

Verifying Your Confi guration ..................................................................... 224Viewing the confi guration fi les ......................................................... 224Viewing interface confi guration ....................................................... 225


Lab 2-1: Confi guring router interfaces ............................................. 230Lab 2-2: Confi guring passwords ....................................................... 231Lab 2-3: Viewing the confi guration .................................................. 232

Chapter 3: Managing Cisco Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237

Backing Up Your Confi guration and IOS ................................................... 240Installing TFTP software ................................................................... 240Backing up your confi guration ........................................................ 243Restoring your confi guration ........................................................... 244Backing up your IOS .......................................................................... 245Upgrading the Cisco IOS ................................................................... 247

Understanding CDP ..................................................................................... 249CDP overview ..................................................................................... 249Using CDP............................................................................................ 252Disabling CDP ..................................................................................... 255

Using Telnet for Remote Administration .................................................. 256Telnet overview.................................................................................. 256Using Telnet features......................................................................... 257


Lab 3-1: Backing up and restoring your confi guration .................. 261Lab 3-2: Using CDP to discover the network .................................. 262Lab 3-3: Using Telnet for remote administration ........................... 263

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CCENT Certification All-In-One For Dummiesxvi

Chapter 4: Advanced Router Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .269

Implementing Network Services ................................................................ 272Understanding hostname resolution ............................................... 272Confi guring DHCP services ............................................................... 276Implementing Network Address Translation ................................. 278

Understanding Password Recovery Procedures ..................................... 283Confi guration registers ..................................................................... 283Password recovery ............................................................................ 287

Using the Security Device Manager ........................................................... 290Confi guring Security Device Manager ............................................. 290Basic router confi guration using SDM............................................. 293Confi guring DHCP using SDM ........................................................... 299Confi guring RIP using SDM ............................................................... 300Confi guring NAT using SDM ............................................................. 301


Lab 4-1: Confi guring hostname resolution ...................................... 304Lab 4-2: Confi guring DHCP on a Cisco router ................................. 305Lab 4-3: Recovering passwords ........................................................ 306

Book III: Routing and Switching ................................ 311

Chapter 1: Static Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .313

Understanding Routing Concepts ............................................................. 316The Routing Process ................................................................................... 319Confi guring Routing ..................................................................................... 321

Viewing the routing table .................................................................. 321Understanding static routes ............................................................. 325Adding a static route ......................................................................... 326Deleting a static route ....................................................................... 329Confi guring the gateway of last resort ............................................ 329


Lab 1-1: Planning routes .................................................................... 332Lab 1-2: Confi guring static routes .................................................... 334Lab 1-3: Confi guring the gateway of last resort.............................. 334

Chapter 2: Dynamic Routing Protocols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .339

Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocols ............................................ 342Types of routing protocols ............................................................... 345Identifying popular routing protocols ............................................. 348

Confi guring RIP ............................................................................................ 351Confi guring RIPv1............................................................................... 352Confi guring RIPv2............................................................................... 353Troubleshooting RIP .......................................................................... 354

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Table of Contents xvii


Lab 2-1: Enabling RIP ......................................................................... 357

Chapter 3: Introduction to Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365

Introduction to Cisco Switches .................................................................. 368System LED ......................................................................................... 368RPS LED ............................................................................................... 368Switch display modes ........................................................................ 369

Understanding Switch Functionality ......................................................... 371Switch overview ................................................................................. 371Core switch services ......................................................................... 373Switch operation modes ................................................................... 377

Understanding Data Flow ........................................................................... 378Local communication ........................................................................ 378Remote communication .................................................................... 380

Basic Switch Confi guration ........................................................................ 382Confi guring the device name ............................................................ 382Confi guring the IP address ............................................................... 382Remembering to confi gure the default gateway setting ............... 383


Lab 3-1: Confi guring a switch ........................................................... 385

Chapter 4: Basic Switch Confi guration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .391

Confi guring Switch Ports ............................................................................ 394Adding a port description ................................................................. 394Choosing port speed ......................................................................... 394Adjusting the duplex setting ............................................................ 395Disabling and enabling ports ............................................................ 396Viewing port confi guration ............................................................... 397Port security ....................................................................................... 397

Understanding VLANs ................................................................................. 401VLAN concepts ................................................................................... 401Basic VLAN confi guration ................................................................. 403


Lab 4-1: Confi guring ports ................................................................. 406Lab 4-2: Confi guring port security ................................................... 406Lab 4-3: Confi guring VLANs .............................................................. 408

Chapter 5: Troubleshooting Network Communication . . . . . . . . . . . .413

Understanding Troubleshooting Utilities ................................................. 416Using Cisco commands to troubleshoot ......................................... 416Troubleshooting commands in Windows ....................................... 419

Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues ....................................................... 421Identifying physical issues................................................................ 422Identifying logical issues ................................................................... 424

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CCENT Certification All-In-One For Dummiesxviii

Using Show Commands to View Confi guration ....................................... 425Viewing confi guration fi les ............................................................... 426Viewing router confi guration ........................................................... 427Viewing network topology ................................................................ 431

Using Debug Commands ............................................................................. 432Knowing how to use debugging effi ciently ..................................... 432Looking at a debugging example...................................................... 433Disabling debugging .......................................................................... 435


Lab 5-1: Identifying connectivity issues .......................................... 436Lab 5-2: Using the show commands ................................................ 437Lab 5-3: Troubleshooting confi guration .......................................... 439Lab 5-4: Enabling debugging ............................................................. 439

Book IV: Advanced Topics ......................................... 445

Chapter 1: Network Security Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .447

Introduction to Security Terminology ...................................................... 450Authentication .................................................................................... 450Authorization...................................................................................... 451Vulnerability ....................................................................................... 451Exploit ................................................................................................. 452What about CIA?................................................................................. 452

Identifying Types of Attacks ....................................................................... 453Social engineering attacks ................................................................ 454Network-based attacks ...................................................................... 455Software-based attacks ..................................................................... 460

Looking at Security Devices ....................................................................... 461Firewalls .............................................................................................. 461Intrusion detection system ............................................................... 463Switches .............................................................................................. 464Virtual Private Networks ................................................................... 465

Mitigating Security Threats ........................................................................ 466Workstations ...................................................................................... 466Servers................................................................................................. 466Network ............................................................................................... 467


Lab 1-1: Security terminology ........................................................... 468Lab 1-2: Types of attacks................................................................... 469

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Table of Contents xix

Chapter 2: Cisco Device Security Best Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .473

The Importance of Physical Security ........................................................ 476Physical premises .............................................................................. 476Windows and lighting ........................................................................ 476Secure facility ..................................................................................... 477Workstations and servers ................................................................. 477

Cisco Router Best Practices ....................................................................... 478Confi guring passwords...................................................................... 478Confi guring user accounts ................................................................ 482Confi guring banners .......................................................................... 483Confi guring SSH .................................................................................. 486

Cisco Switch Best Practices ....................................................................... 487Confi guring port security .................................................................. 487Disabling ports ................................................................................... 488


Lab 2-1: Confi guring passwords ....................................................... 490Lab 2-2: Confi guring banners ............................................................ 491Lab 2-3: Reviewing router confi guration ......................................... 492Lab 2-4: Confi guring port security ................................................... 493

Chapter 3: Wireless Networking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .499

Looking at Wireless Terminology .............................................................. 502Wireless concepts .............................................................................. 502Wireless equipment ........................................................................... 505Types of wireless networks .............................................................. 506

Introduction to Wireless Standards .......................................................... 506802.11a ................................................................................................. 506802.11b ................................................................................................ 507802.11g ................................................................................................. 507802.11n ................................................................................................ 507

Wireless Confi guration and Troubleshooting .......................................... 507Basic confi guration overview ........................................................... 508Designing a multi-access point WLAN ............................................. 508Troubleshooting wireless networks ................................................ 510

Wireless Security Practices ........................................................................ 510General security practices ................................................................ 510Encryption protocols ........................................................................ 512

Chapter Summary ........................................................................................ 513

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CCENT Certification All-In-One For Dummiesxx

Chapter 4: Introduction to WANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .519

Introduction to WAN Terminology ............................................................ 522Circuit switching ................................................................................ 523Leased lines ........................................................................................ 523Packet switching ................................................................................ 524

Methods of Connecting to WANs ............................................................... 525Serial ports.......................................................................................... 525Integrated CSU/DSU port .................................................................. 527ISDN ports ........................................................................................... 527

Confi guring Serial Links .............................................................................. 528Serial link protocols ........................................................................... 529Setting the clock rate ......................................................................... 531


Lab 4-1: Confi guring HDLC encapsulation ...................................... 532Lab 4-2: Confi guring PPP encapsulation ......................................... 534

Appendix A: About the CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539

System Requirements ................................................................................. 539Using the CD ................................................................................................. 540What You Will Find on the CD .................................................................... 540

Test Engine ......................................................................................... 540Videos .................................................................................................. 541Lab Manual PDF Files ........................................................................ 541Adobe Reader ..................................................................................... 541

Troubleshooting .......................................................................................... 541

Appendix B: CCENT Certifi cation Exam Reference Matrix . . . . . . . .543

Index ....................................................................... 547

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Introduction

The CCENT certification is a new, fast-growing certification that tests your knowledge of basic Cisco device-management and networking

concepts. It is a great stepping stone to the CCNA certification and other Cisco certification tracks. The CCENT exam tests your knowledge of real-world networking concepts and Cisco features found on most networks today!

About This BookCCENT Certification All-In-One For Dummies is designed to be a hands-on, practical guide to help you pass the CCENT certification exam. This book is written in a way that helps you not only understand complex technical content, but also prepares you to apply that knowledge to real-world scenarios.

I understand the value of a book that covers the points needed to pass the exam, but I also understand the value of ensuring that the information helps you perform IT-related tasks when you are on the job. That is what this book offers you — key points to pass the exam combined with practical information to help you in the real world, which means that you can use this book in more than one way.

✦ An exam preparation tool: Because my goal is to help you pass the CCENT certification exam, this book is packed with exam-specific information and tips to help you with tricky exam questions. You should understand everything that is in this book before taking the exam, but to identify key points that you must know, look for icons named For the Exam. In those paragraphs, you will find helpful tips on topics you are certain to be tested on.

✦ A reference: Rely on my extensive experience in the IT industry not only to study for (and pass) the exam, but also to help you perform common network-related tasks on the job. I hope you find this book a useful tool that you can refer to time and time again in your career as you configure networks and Cisco devices.

Conventions Used in This BookEach chapter in this book has different elements that help you prepare to pass your CCENT, including the following features:

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Conventions Used in This Book2

✦ Quick Assessments: Located at the beginning of each chapter is a Quick Assessment section that gives a number of questions related to the chapter content for you to assess whether you have the knowledge already in that chapter. It is highly recommended to read all chapters in the book, but if you find you are limited on study time you may want to focus on the topics you know the least about — the Quick Assessments help you determine what topics you know and what you need more work on.

✦ Icons: Look for the icons used in each chapter to draw your attention to information needed for the exam or in the real world. For more details on the icons I use, check out the later section, “Icons Used in This Book.”

✦ Chapter Summary: Found at the end of each chapter, the “Chapter Summary” section covers key points you should remember for the exam.

✦ Labs: Lab exercises offer the opportunity to get your hands dirty with a particular topic with real-world experience performing specific tasks. In order to totally grasp the topics discussed in a chapter, be sure to perform the lab exercises. The CCENT certification has a number of simulators that will test your real-world knowledge so you really need to know how to perform the different tasks to pass the exam. Due to the fact that you may have different configurations when you do the labs, there are no lab answers within the Labs section.

✦ Prep Test: Following each “Chapter Summary” section, you can find questions to help review the chapter content and prepare you for the CCENT certification exam. Be sure to answer the review questions in each chapter! Then, after you finish reading the entire book and do the lab exercises, check out the practice exams on the companion CD-ROM, which is designed to function like the real exam, with the same level of difficulty.

✦ Monofont text: To help you distinguish commands you type or text you should see on the screen I apply the monofont style to the text. Examples where you see this style are on router commands, IP addresses, and names of devices.

✦ Boldface text: To help identify new commands that you are learning within a code listing the boldface text style is applied. Although you should read over all code in a code example, using the boldface text will help draw your attention to the new commands presented in a code listing.


3How This Book Is Organized

Foolish AssumptionsI make a few assumptions about you as a reader and have written this book with these assumptions in mind:

✦ You are interested in obtaining the CCENT Certification. Anyone who is looking to get a solid introduction to networking and how to manage a Cisco device can use this book, but the focus of this book is concentrated on the exam objectives needed to pass the CCENT certification exam.

✦ You have Cisco equipment to work on. To perform the labs in the book, you will need to have two Cisco switches and two Cisco routers. If you do not have access to the Cisco hardware, you can search online for a simulator to purchase. An example simulator you can purchase is the Network simulator for CCENT from www.certexams.com.

✦ You will study hard and do as much hands-on work as possible. There is a lot of content on the CCENT exam, and you will most likely need to read over the information contained in this book a few times to ensure that you understand it. You should also experiment as much as possible on the actual devices after you read a particular topic. For example, after you read about CDP on a router, be sure to spend some time trying the commands on your router to ensure you are comfortable with what the protocol can do and what it offers as a feature.

✦ You will read the chapters of this book in the order presented. Although you are not required to read the chapters in order, it is highly recommended as chapters that appear later in the book assume you have read, or have the knowledge, of the previous chapters. For example, during the routing discussion I assume you have already read the subnetting and variable-length subnet mask (VLSM) chapter and use those terms within the routing chapter. It is best to read the book from cover to cover at least once and then you can jump to the chapters you need more work on.

How This Book Is OrganizedLike all All-In-One For Dummies books, chapters are organized into minibooks. The chapters in each minibook are related by a specific theme or topic. For example, Book I — “Networking Basics” — contains all the basic networking information, including explanations of terminology and devices.


4 How This Book Is Organized

This book is designed as a study tool that you can read from cover to cover; reading the chapters in the order they are presented. I recommend that you read through the book at least once in the order it is presented and then after that pick the chapters that you need to revisit. The reason I recommend reading the chapters in order is because each chapter is written assuming you have the knowledge of the previous chapters.

The following sections outline what you can find in each minibook.

Book I: Networking BasicsIn this minibook, you discover what the CCENT certification is all about and what you will be tested on when taking the exam. You also find out about the basics of networking, starting with network types, cables, and devices, and then move on to the basics of IP addressing and the very important exam topic of subnetting.

Book II: Cisco Device BasicsIn Book II, you are introduced to Cisco devices and the basics of how they work. You first read about the physical aspects of the devices, such as the ports, and then move on to discover the Cisco operating system and the boot process. You then learn how to perform some basic configuration tasks, such as configuring interfaces and passwords before finding out how to back up your configuration, discover neighbors, and manage devices remotely with Telnet. This minibook finishes with a discussion on network services like name resolution, DHCP, and NAT.

Book III: Routing and SwitchingBook III first focuses on the routing process and how data is routed from one network to another, and then discusses static routing and dynamic routing protocols and how to control the routing process with the routing table. The minibook then changes focus to switches and talks about basic features of the switch, and I tell you how to perform basic configuration tasks on switches. The final topic in this minibook is troubleshooting, which covers basic troubleshooting steps and commands you can use on Cisco devices.

Book IV: Advanced TopicsThe final minibook starts with two chapters on network security and introduces the security best practices you need to know for the CCENT certification exam. The minibook then continues with chapters on wireless networks and introduces you to wide area networks (WANs).


5Icons Used in This Book

AppendixesAppendix A gives you an overview of what you can find on the CD-ROM that accompanies the book. Please have a look at this section to get the scoop on valuable resources on the book’s companion CD-ROM, such the Test Engine.

Appendix B is an exam-objective mapping table that lets you know where in the book you can find details on each of the exam objectives. This is very useful when you are preparing for the exam; it can help you make sure that you know each point in the objectives.

Online CheatsheetTo help you prepare for the CCENT certification exam, and to give you a quick listing of commands for the real world, I have created an online cheatsheet that is designed to give you some of the core facts to remember for the exam. Be sure to read and understand this book, but the online resource is there as a good refresher.

The URL for the online cheatsheet is:

www.dummies.com/cheatsheet/ccentcertificationaio

Icons Used in This BookI use a number of icons in this book to draw your attention to pieces of useful information.

This icon gives you a heads-up on information you should absolutely know for the certification exams.

Information that would be helpful to you in the real world is indicated with a Tip icon. Expect to find shortcuts and timesavers here.

This icon flags information that may be useful to remember on the job.

Information that could cause problems to you or to the devices you are working with is indicated with a Warning icon. If you see a Warning icon, make sure you read it. The computer you save may be your own.


6 Where to Go from Here

Detailed information that is not needed for the exams or that is a step above the knowledge you absolutely need to know for the exams is indicated with a Technical Stuff icon.

This icon lets you know when you can find accompanying information or supporting documents on the CD-ROM.

Where to Go from HereThe CCENT certification is considered an entry-level certification for candidates interested in a certification career with Cisco products. It provides a great networking foundation for other certification paths, such as these:

✦ CCNA: The logical next step would be to take the ICND2 exam, which is exam number 640-816. The 640-816 exam combined with your CCENT certification earns you the Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) certification.

✦ Other Vendors: After receiving your CCNA certification, you could look to other certifications, such as Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist (MCTS), or even look to security certifications such as SCP’s Security Certified Network Professional (SCNP) or EC-Council’s Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) certification.


Book I

Networking Basics

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Contents at a Glance

Chapter 1: About the CCENT Exam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

The Value of CCENT Certification ................................................................. 9CCENT Exam Details ...................................................................................... 10What to Expect on the CCENT Exam ........................................................... 11Using This Book to Prepare for the Exam .................................................. 14On Your Test Day .......................................................................................... 14

Chapter 2: Introduction to Network Technologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Understanding Network Types .................................................................... 20Identifying Network Topologies .................................................................. 22Looking at Cable Types ................................................................................. 25Accessing the Network with Access Methods ........................................... 34Understanding Network Architectures ....................................................... 36Looking at the OSI Model .............................................................................. 41Chapter Summary .......................................................................................... 44Lab Exercises ................................................................................................. 44

Chapter 3: Network Devices and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Building Networks with Network Devices .................................................. 54Identifying Network Services ....................................................................... 61Traffic Management Concepts ..................................................................... 67Chapter Summary .......................................................................................... 71Lab Exercises ................................................................................................. 71

Chapter 4: Introduction to TCP/IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

The Basics of TCP/IP ..................................................................................... 80IP Address Classes ........................................................................................ 85Looking at Special Addresses ...................................................................... 89Assigning IP Addresses ................................................................................. 90The TCP/IP Internet Model ........................................................................... 93Chapter Summary ........................................................................................ 112Lab Exercises ............................................................................................... 112

Chapter 5: Subnetting and VLSM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119

Identifying Reasons to Subnet ................................................................... 122Subnetting a Network .................................................................................. 124Understanding Variable-Length Subnet Masks ........................................ 144Chapter Summary ........................................................................................ 151Lab Exercises ............................................................................................... 151

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