cessna 182 t182t 2007 naviii g1000+gfc700 poh pim fromcessna

CESSNA INTRODUCTIONMODEL T182T NAV III GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.

NOTICE

AT THE TIME OF ISSUANCE, THIS INFORMATIONMANUAL WAS AN EXACT DUPLICATE OF THEOFFICIAL PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK ANDFAA APPROVED AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL ANDIS TO BE USED FOR GENERAL PURPOSES ONLY.

IT WILL NOT BE KEPT CURRENT AND,THEREFORE, CANNOT BE USED AS ASUBSTITUTE FOR THE OFFICIAL PILOT’SOPERATING HANDBOOK AND FAA APPROVEDAIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL INTENDED FOROPERATION OF THE AIRPLANE.

THE PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK MUST BECARRIED IN THE AIRPLANE AND AVAILABLE TOTHE PILOT AT ALL TIMES.

Cessna Aircraft CompanyOriginal Issue - 27 October 2006Revision 1 - 20 December 2007

iRevision 1

INTRODUCTION CESSNAMODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.

PERFORMANCE - SPECIFICATIONS

*SPEED:Maximum at 20,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 KNOTSCruise, 88% Power at 12,500 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 KNOTSCruise, 75% Power at 20,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 KNOTSCruise, 75% Power at 10,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 KNOTS

CRUISE: Recommended lean mixture with fuel allowance for enginestart, taxi, takeoff, climb and 45 minutes reserve.

88% Power at 12,500 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Range - 615 NM 87 Gallons Usable Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time - 4.0 HOURS75% Power at 20,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Range - 753 NM 87 Gallons Usable Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time - 4.9 HOURS75% Power at 10,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Range - 721 NM 87 Gallons Usable Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time - 5.1 HOURSMax Range at 20,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Range - 940 NM 87 Gallons Usable Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time - 8.6 HOURSMax Range at 10,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Range - 971 NM 87 Gallons Usable Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time - 8.9 HOURS

RATE OF CLIMB AT SEA LEVEL: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1040 FPM

MAXIMUM OPERATING ALTITUDE: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,000 FEET

TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE:Ground Roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 FEETTotal Distance Over 50 Foot Obstacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1385 FEET

LANDING PERFORMANCE:Ground Roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590 FEETTotal Distance Over 50 Foot Obstacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1350 FEET

STALL SPEED (KCAS):Flaps Up, Power Idle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54 KCASFlaps FULL, Power Idle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 KCAS

(Continued Next Page)

Revision 1ii


U.S.

PERFORMANCE - SPECIFICATIONS (Continued)

MAXIMUM WEIGHT:Ramp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3112 POUNDSTakeoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3100 POUNDSLanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2950 POUNDS

STANDARD EMPTY WEIGHT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2029 POUNDS

MAXIMUM USEFUL LOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1083 POUNDS

BAGGAGE ALLOWANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 POUNDS

WING LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.8 lbs/sq. ft.

POWER LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 lbs/HP

FUEL CAPACITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 GAL

OIL CAPACITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 QUARTS

ENGINE: Textron Lycoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TIO-540-AK1A 235 BHP at 2400 RPM

PROPELLER: 3-Bladed, Constant Speed, Diameter. . . . . . 79 INCHES

NOTE

* Speed performance and range are shown for an airplaneequipped with the standard wheel and brake fairings. Thesefairings increase the speeds approximately 3 knots over anairplane without the fairings.

The above performance figures are based on the indicated weights,standard atmospheric conditions, level, hard-surface dry runways andno wind. They are calculated values derived from flight tests conductedby Cessna Aircraft Company under carefully documented conditionsand will vary with individual airplanes and numerous factors affectingflight performance.

iii/ivRevision 1


U.S. v/viRevision 1

Cessna Aircraft Company

Model T182TNAV III AVIONICS OPTION - GFC 700 AFCS

Serials T18208665 and T18208669 and On

THIS MANUAL INCORPORATES INFORMATION ISSUED IN THEPILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK AND FAA APPROVEDAIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AT REVISION 1, DATED 20DECEMBER 2007 (PART NUMBER T182TPHBUS-01).

COPYRIGHT © 2006CESSNA AIRCRAFT COMPANY

WICHITA, KANSAS USA T182TIMBUS-01


U.S.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION

GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

LIMITATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

NORMAL PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

PERFORMANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

WEIGHT AND BALANCE/EQUIPMENT LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

AIRPLANE AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

SUPPLEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

vii/viiiRevision 1

CESSNA SECTION 1MODEL T182T NAV III GENERAL GFC 700 AFCS

GENERAL

TABLE OF CONTENTSPage

Three View - Normal Ground Attitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5Descriptive Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5

Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5Propeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6Fuel Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7Oil Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7Oil Capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-7Maximum Certificated Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8Weight In Baggage Compartment - Normal Category. . . . . . . . . .1-8Standard Airplane Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8Cabin And Entry Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8Baggage Space And Entry Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8Specific Loadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8

Symbols, Abbreviations And Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9General Airspeed Terminology And Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9Meteorological Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10Engine Power Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10Airplane Performance And Flight Planning Terminology. . . . . . .1-12Weight And Balance Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13

Metric/Imperial/U.S. Conversion Charts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-15Weight Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-16Length Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-18Distance Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-22Volume Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-23Temperature Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-26Pressure Conversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-27Volume To Weight Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-28Quick Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-29/1-30

U.S. 1-1/1-2T182TPHBUS-01


THREE VIEW - NORMAL GROUND ATTITUDE

Figure 1-1 (Sheet 1 of 2)

U.S. 1-3T182TPHBUS-00

SECTION 1 CESSNAGENERAL MODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS

THREE VIEW - NORMAL GROUND ATTITUDE

NOTE

• Wing span shown with standard strobe lights installed.

• Wheel base length is 66.5 inches.

• Propeller ground clearance is 10.875 inches.

• Wing area is 174.0 square feet.

• Minimum turning radius (*pivot point to outboard wingtip) is 27.0 feet.

• Normal ground attitude is shown with nose strut showingapproximately 2 inches of strut, and wings level.

Figure 1-1 (Sheet 2)

U.S. T182TPHBUS-00
1-4


INTRODUCTIONThis POH contains 9 sections, and includes the material required to befurnished to the pilot by 14 CFR 23. It also contains supplemental datasupplied by Cessna Aircraft Company.

Section 1 provides basic data and information of general interest. Italso contains definitions or explanations of symbols, abbreviations, andterminology commonly used.

DESCRIPTIVE DATA

ENGINE

Number of Engines: 1Engine Manufacturer: Textron LycomingEngine Model Number: TIO-540-AK1AEngine Type: Turbocharged, direct drive, air-cooled, horizontally

opposed, fuel injected, six cylinder engine with 541.5 cu.in. displacement.

Horsepower Rating and Engine Speed: 235 rated BHP at 32 in.hg. and2400 RPM

PROPELLER

Propeller Manufacturer: McCauley Propeller SystemsPropeller Model Number: B3D36C442/80VSB-1Number of Blades: 3Propeller Diameter: 79 inchesPropeller Type: Constant speed and hydraulically actuated.




GFC 700 AFCS

DESCRIPTIVE DATA (Continued)

FUEL

WARNING

USE OF UNAPPROVED FUELS MAY RESULT INDAMAGE TO THE ENGINE AND FUEL SYSTEMCOMPONENTS, RESULTING IN POSSIBLE ENGINEFAILURE.

Approved Fuel Grades (and Colors):100LL Grade Aviation Fuel (Blue)100 Grade Aviation Fuel (Green)

NOTEIsopropyl alcohol or Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether(DiEGME) may be added to the fuel supply. Additiveconcentrations shall not exceed 1% for isopropyl alcohol or0.10% to 0.15% for DiEGME. Refer to Section 8 foradditional information.

FUEL CAPACITYTotal Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92.0 U.S. GALLONSTotal Usable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87.0 U.S. GALLONSTotal Capacity Each Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46.0 U.S. GALLONSTotal Usable Each Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43.5 U.S. GALLONS

NOTETo ensure max imum fue l capac i ty and min im izecrossfeeding when refueling, always park the airplane in awings level, normal ground attitude and place the fuelselector in the LEFT or RIGHT position. Refer to Figure 1-1for normal ground attitude dimensions.


U.S. T182TPHBUS-00
1-6



OIL

OIL SPECIFICATION

MIL-L-22851 or SAE J1899 Aviation Grade Ashless Dispersant Oil: Oilconforming to Textron Lycoming Service Instruction No 1014, and allrevisions and supplements thereto, must be used.

Recommended viscosity for temperature range:

NOTEWhen operating temperatures overlap, use the lightergrade of oil.

OIL CAPACITYSump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 U.S. QUARTSTotal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 U.S. QUARTS


Temperature

MIL-L-22851 or SAE J1899

Ashless Dispersant Oil SAE Grade

Above 27°C (80°F) 60Above 16°C (60°F) 40 or 50-1°C (30°F) to 32°C (90°F) 40-18°C (0°F) to 21°C (70°F) 30, 40 or 20W-40Below -12°C (10°F) 30 or 20W-30-18°C (0°F) to 32°C (90°F) 20W-50 or 15W-50All Temperatures 15W-50 or 20W-50



GFC 700 AFCS


MAXIMUM CERTIFICATED WEIGHTSRamp Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3112 POUNDSTakeoff Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3100 POUNDSLanding Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2950 POUNDS

WEIGHT IN BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT, NORMAL CATEGORYBaggage Area A (Station 82 to 109). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 POUNDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refer to note below.Baggage Area B (Station 109 to 124). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 POUNDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refer to note belowBaggage Area C (Station 124 to 134) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 POUNDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refer to note below

NOTEThe maximum allowable combined weight capacity forbaggage in areas A, B and C is 200 pounds. The maximumallowable weight capacity for baggage in areas B and C is80 pounds.

STANDARD AIRPLANE WEIGHTSStandard Empty Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2023 POUNDSMaximum Useful Load, Normal Category . . . . . . . . . . . 1089 POUNDS

CABIN AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS

Detailed dimensions of the cabin interior and entry door openings areillustrated in Section 6.

BAGGAGE SPACE AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS

Dimensions of the baggage area and baggage door opening areillustrated in detail in Section 6.

SPECIFIC LOADINGSWing Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.8 lbs/sq. ft.Power Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 lbs/hp

U.S. T182TPHBUS-00
1-8


SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY AND SYMBOLS

KCAS Knots Calibrated Airspeed is indicated airspeed correctedfor position and instrument error and expressed in knots.Knots calibrated airspeed is equal to KTAS in standardatmosphere at sea level.

KIAS Knots Indicated Airspeed is the speed shown on theairspeed indicator and expressed in knots.

KTAS Knots True Airspeed is the airspeed expressed in knotsrelative to undisturbed air which is KCAS corrected foraltitude and temperature.

VA Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which full orabrupt control movements may be used withoutoverstressing the airframe.

VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speedpermissible with wing flaps in a prescribed extendedposition.

VNO Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed thatshould not be exceeded except in smooth air, then only withcaution.

VNE Never Exceed Speed is the speed limit that may not beexceeded at any time.

VS Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed is theminimum speed at which the airplane is controllable.

VSO Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed is theminimum speed at which the airplane is controllable in thelanding configuration at the most forward center of gravity.

Vx Best Angle of Climb Speed is the speed which results in thegreatest gain of altitude in a given horizontal distance.

VY Best Rate of Climb Speed is the speed which results in thegreatest gain in altitude in a given time.




GFC 700 AFCS

SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY(Continued)

METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY

OAT Outside Air Temperature is the free air statictemperature. It may be expressed in either degreesCelsius or degrees Fahrenheit.

Standard Temperature Standard Temperature is 15°C at sea level pressure

altitude and decreases by 2°C for each 1000 feet ofaltitude.

Pressure Altitude Pressure Altitude is the altitude read from an altimeter

when the altimeter's barometric scale has been set to29.92 inches of mercury (1013 mb).

ENGINE POWER TERMINOLOGY

BHP Brake Horsepower is the power developed by theengine.

RPM Revolutions Per Minute is engine speed.

Static RPM Static RPM is engine speed attained during a full throttle

engine runup when the airplane is on the ground andstationary.

MP Manifold Pressure is a pressure measured in theengine's induction system and is expressed in inches ofmercury (in.hg.).

MCP Maximum Continuous Power


U.S. T182TPHBUS-00
1-10



ENGINE POWER TERMINOLOGY (Continued)

LeanMixture Decreased proportion of fuel in the fuel-air mixture

supplied to the engine. As air density decreases, theamount of fuel required by the engine decreases for agiven throttle setting. Adjusting the fuel-air mixture toprovide a smaller portion of fuel is known as "leaning" themixture.

RichMixture Increased proportion of fuel in the fuel-air mixture

supplied to the engine. As air density increases, theamount of fuel required by the engine increases for agiven throttle setting. Adjusting the fuel-air mixture toprovide a greater portion of fuel is known as "richening"the mixture.

FullRich Mixture control full forward (pushed in, full control

travel, toward the panel).

IdleCutoff Mixture control full aft (pulled out, full control travel,

away from the panel).

FullThrottle Throttle full forward (pushed in, full control travel,

toward the panel). Also known as "full open" throttle.

ClosedThrottle Throttle full aft (pulled out, full control travel, away from

the panel). Also known as the throttle "idle" position.




GFC 700 AFCS


AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE AND FLIGHT PLANNINGTERMINOLOGY

DemonstratedCrosswind Velocity Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity is the velocity of

the crosswind component for which adequate controlof the airplane during takeoff and landing was actuallydemonstrated during certification tests. The valueshown is not considered to be limiting.

Usable Fuel Usable Fuel is the fuel available for flight planning.

Unusable Fuel Unusable Fuel is the quantity of fuel that can not besafely used in flight.

GPH Gallons Per Hour is the amount of fuel consumed perhour.

NMPG Nautical Miles Per Gallon is the distance which canbe expected per gallon of fuel consumed at a specificengine power setting and/or flight configuration.

g g is acceleration due to gravity.

Course Datum Course Datum is the compass reference used by theautopilot, along with course deviation, to provide lateralcontrol when tracking a navigation signal.


U.S. T182TPHBUS-01
1-12



WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY

Reference Datum Reference Datum is an imaginary vertical plane from

which all horizontal distances are measured forbalance purposes.

Station Station is a location along the airplane fuselage givenin terms of the distance from the reference datum.

Arm Arm is the horizontal distance from the referencedatum to the center of gravity (C.G.) of an item.

Moment Moment is the product of the weight of an itemmultiplied by its arm. (Moment divided by the constant1000 is used in this POH to simplify balancecalculations by reducing the number of digits.)

Center ofGravity (C.G.) Center of Gravity is the point at which an airplane, or

equipment, would balance if suspended. Its distancefrom the reference datum is found by dividing the totalmoment by the total weight of the airplane.

C.G. Arm Center of Gravity Arm is the arm obtained by addingthe airplane's individual moments and dividing the sumby the total weight.

C.G. Limits Center of Gravity Limits are the extreme center ofgravity locations within which the airplane must beoperated at a given weight.

Standard Empty Weight Standard Empty Weight is the weight of a standard

airplane, including unusable fuel, full operating fluidsand full engine oil.




GFC 700 AFCS


WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY (Continued)

Basic Empty Weight Basic Empty Weight is the standard empty

weight plus the weight of optional equipment.

Useful Load Useful Load is the difference between rampweight and the basic empty weight.

MAC MAC (Mean Aerodynamic Chord) is a chord ofan imaginary rectangular airfoil having the samepitching moments throughout the flight range asthat of the actual wing.

Maximum Ramp Weight Maximum Ramp Weight is the maximum weight

approved for ground maneuver, and includes theweight of fuel used for start, taxi and runup.

Maximum Takeoff Weight Maximum Takeoff Weight is the maximum

weight approved for the start of the takeoff roll.

Maximum Landing Weight Maximum Landing Weight is the maximum

weight approved for the landing touchdown.

Tare Tare is the weight of chocks, blocks, stands, etc.used when weighing an airplane, and is includedin the scale readings. Tare is deducted from thescale reading to obtain the actual (net) airplaneweight.

U.S. T182TPHBUS-01
1-14


METRIC/IMPERIAL/U.S. CONVERSION CHARTSThe following charts have been provided to help international operatorsconvert U.S. measurement supplied with the Pilot’s OperatingHandbook into metric and imperial measurements.

The standard followed for measurement units shown is the NationalInstitute of Standards Technology (NIST), Publication 811, "Guide forthe Use of the International System of Units (SI)."

Please refer to the following pages for these charts.



GFC 700 AFCS

WEIGHT CONVERSIONS


U.S. T182TPHBUS-01
1-16


WEIGHT CONVERSIONS




GFC 700 AFCS

LENGTH CONVERSIONS


U.S. T182TPHBUS-01
1-18


LENGTH CONVERSIONS




GFC 700 AFCS

LENGTH CONVERSIONS


U.S. T182TPHBUS-01
1-20


LENGTH CONVERSIONS




GFC 700 AFCS

DISTANCE CONVERSIONS

Figure 1-4

U.S. T182TPHBUS-011-22


VOLUME CONVERSIONS




GFC 700 AFCS

VOLUME CONVERSIONS


U.S.1-24 T182TPHBUS-01


VOLUME CONVERSIONS




GFC 700 AFCS

TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS

Figure 1-6

U.S. T182TPHBUS-01
1-26


PRESSURE CONVERSIONHECTOPASCALS TO INCHES OF MERCURY

Figure 1-7



GFC 700 AFCS

VOLUME TO WEIGHT CONVERSION

Figure 1-8

U.S. T182TPHBUS-01
1-28


QUICK CONVERSIONS

Figure 1-9

U.S.T182TPHBUS-01 1-29/1-30

CESSNA SECTION 2MODEL T182T NAV III OPERATING LIMITATIONS GFC 700 AFCS

OPERATING LIMITATIONS


Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3Airspeed Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4Airspeed Indicator Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5Powerplant Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6Powerplant Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-7Weight Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8Center Of Gravity Limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-8Maneuver Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9Flight Load Factor Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9Kinds Of Operations Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-9Kinds Of Operations Equipment List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-10Fuel Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-15Maximum Operating Altitude Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-15Flap Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-15System Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-16

Aux Audio System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1612V Power System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

G1000 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-17GPS - WAAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-18Garmin GFC 700 AFCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-19L3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-19Traffic Advisory System (TAS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-20Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS-B) . . . . . . . . . .2-20

Placards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-21

U.S.FAA APPROVEDT182TPHBUS-01 2-1/2-2


INTRODUCTIONSection 2 includes operating limitations, instrument markings, andbasic placards necessary for the safe operation of the airplane, itsengine, standard systems and standard equipment. The limitationsincluded in this section and in Section 9 have been approved by theFederal Aviation Administration. Observance of these operatinglimitations is required by Federal Aviation Regulations.

NOTE

• Refer to Supplements, Section 9 of this Pilot's OperatingHandbook for amended operating limitations, operatingprocedures, performance data and other necessaryinformation for airplanes equipped with specific options.

• The airspeeds listed in Figure 2-1, Airspeed Limitations,and Figure 2-2, Airspeed Indicator Markings, are basedon Airspeed Calibration data shown in Section 5 with thenormal static source. If the alternate static source isbeing used, ample margins should be observed to allowfor the airspeed calibration variations between thenormal and alternate static sources as shown in Section5.

The Cessna Model No. T182T is certificated under FAA TypeCertificate No. 3A13.

U.S.FAA APPROVEDT182TPHBUS-00 2-3

SECTION 2 CESSNAOPERATING LIMITATIONS MODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS

AIRSPEED LIMITATIONSAirspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown inFigure 2-1.

AIRSPEED LIMITATIONSSYMBOL SPEED KCAS KIAS REMARKS

VNE Never Exceed Speed 170 175 Do not exceed this speedin any operation.

VNO Maximum StructuralCruising Speed

137 140 Do not exceed this speedexcept in smooth air, andthen only with caution.

VA Maneuvering Speed:3100 Pounds2600 Pounds2100 Pounds

11010192

11010191

Do not make full or abruptcontrol movements abovethis speed.

VFE Maximum FlapExtended Speed:

FLAPS UP to 10°FLAPS 10° to 20°FLAPS 20° to FULL°

137119100

140120100

Do not exceed this speedwith flaps down.

----- Maximum WindowOpen Speed

170 175 Do not exceed this speedwith windows open.

Figure 2-1

U.S.FAA APPROVEDT182TPHBUS-002-4


AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGSAirspeed indicator markings and their color code significance areshown in Figure 2-2.

AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGSMARKING KIAS VALUE OR

RANGE SIGNIFICANCE

Red Arc* 20 - 41 Low airspeed warning.

White Arc 41 -100 Full Flap Operating Range. Lower limit ismaximum weight VSO in landing configuration.Upper limit is maximum speed permissible withflaps extended.

Green Arc 51 - 140 Normal Operating Range. Lower limit ismaximum weight VS at most forward C.G. withflaps retracted. Upper limit is maximumstructural cruising speed.

Yellow Arc 140 - 175 Operations must be conducted with cautionand only in smooth air.

Red Line 175 Maximum speed for all operations.

*G1000 airspeed indicator only.

Figure 2-2



GFC 700 AFCS

POWERPLANT LIMITATIONSEngine Manufacturer: Textron Lycoming

Engine Model Number: TIO-540-AK1A

Engine Operating Limits for Takeoff and Continuous Operations:Maximum Continuous Power: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 rated BHP

at 32 in.hg. and 2400 RPMMaximum Cylinder Head Temperature: . . . . . . . . . . . 500°F (260°C)Maximum Oil Temperature: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245°F (118°C)Oil Pressure, Minimum: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 PSIOil Pressure, Maximum: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 PSI

CAUTIONENGINE OPERATION WITH INDICATED OIL PRESSUREBELOW THE GREEN BAND RANGE WHILE IN CRUISEOR CLIMB CONFIGURA TION IS CONSIDER EDABN OR MA L AND SHOULD BE INSPE CTED BYQUALIFIED MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL BEFORENEXT FLIGHT.

Fuel Grade: Refer to Fuel Limitations

Oil Grade (Specification):

MIL-L-22851 or SAE J1899 Ashless Dispersant Oil. Oil must complywith the latest revision and/or supplement for Textron LycomingService Instruction No. 1014 and must be used.

Propeller Manufacturer: McCauley Propeller SystemsPropeller Model Number: B3D36C442-C/80VSB-1Propeller Diameter:

Maximum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.0 INCHESMinimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.5 INCHES



POWERPLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGSPowerplant instrument markings and their color code significance areshown in Figure 2-3. Operation with indications in the red range isprohibited. Avoid operating with indicators in the yellow range.

POWERPLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS

INSTRUMENT RED LINE (MIN)

RED ARC

(LWR)

YELLOW ARC

GREEN ARC (NORMAL

OPERATING RANGE)

RED ARC

(UPR)

RED LINE

(MAX)

Tachometer ---- ---- ---- 2000 to 2400RPM

2400* to 2700

RPM

---

ManifoldPressureSL - 15,000 Ft15,000 -20,000 Ft

--- --- ---

15 to 28 in.hg.

15 to 27 in.hg.

32* to 35 in.hg.

---

Cylinder HeadTemperature

---- ---- ---- 200 to 500°F ---- 500°F

OilTemperature

---- ---- ---- 100 to 245°F 245* to 250°F

---

Oil Pressure ---- 0 to 20 PSI

---- 50 to 90 PSI 115* to 120 PSI

---

Fuel Quantity 0 (2.5 Gallons

Unusable Each Tank)

---- 0 to 8 Gallons

8 to 35 Gallons

---- ---

Fuel Flow ---- ---- ---- 0 to 18 GPH24 GPH

---- ---

Vacuum Gage ---- ---- ---- 4.5 to 5.5 in.hg.

---- ---

Turbine InletTemperature(T.I.T.) (°F)

--- --- --- 1350 to 1685°F

1685* to 1700°F

*Maximum operating limit is lower end of red arc.

Figure 2-3



GFC 700 AFCS

WEIGHT LIMITSMaximum Ramp Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3112 POUNDSMaximum Takeoff Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3100 POUNDSMaximum Landing Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2950 POUNDS

Maximum Weight in Baggage Compartment:Baggage Area A - Station 82 to 109: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 POUNDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refer to note below.Baggage Area B - Station 109 to 124: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 POUNDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refer to note below.Baggage Area C - Station 124 to 134: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 POUNDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refer to note below.

NOTEThe maximum allowable combined weight capacity forbaggage in areas A, B and C is 200 pounds. The maximumcombined allowable weight capacity for baggage in areas Band C is 80 pounds.

CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITSCenter of Gravity Range:

Forward: 33.0 inches aft of datum at 2250 pounds or less, withstraight line variation to 35.5 inches aft of datum at 2700pounds or less, with straight line variation to 40.9 inchesaft of datum at 3100 pounds, continuing to aft limit at3100 pounds.

Aft: 46.0 inches aft of datum at all weights.

Reference Datum: Front face of firewall



MANEUVER LIMITSThis airplane is certificated in the normal category. The normal categoryis applicable to aircraft intended for non aerobatic operations. Theseinclude any maneuvers incidental to normal flying, stalls (except whipstalls), lazy eights, chandelles, and turns in which the angle of bank isnot more than 60°.

Aerobatic maneuvers, including spins, are not approved.

FLIGHT LOAD FACTOR LIMITSFlight Load Factors (Maximum Takeoff Weight - 3100 POUNDS):

*Flaps UP: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+3.8g, -1.52g*Flaps FULL: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+2.0g

* The design load factors are 150% of the above, and in all cases,the structure meets or exceeds design loads.

KINDS OF OPERATIONS LIMITSThe Cessna T182T Nav III airplane is approved for day and night, VFRand IFR operations. Flight into known icing conditions is prohibited.

The minimum equipment for approved operations required under theOperating Rules are defined by 14 CFR 91 and 14 CFR 135, asapplicable.

The following Kinds of Operations Equipment List (KOEL) identifies theequipment required to be operational for airplane airworthiness in thelisted kind of operations.



GFC 700 AFCS

KINDS OF OPERATIONS EQUIPMENT LIST

NOTE1. The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) requires the

24V Standby Battery and Standby Ammeter to successfullycomplete the pre-flight check before operating the airplane inVFR night, IFR day, or IFR night conditions in Europe. Correctoperation of the 24V Standby Battery and Standby Ammeter isrecommended for all other operations.


System, Instrument, Equipment and/or Function

KIND OF OPERATION

COMMENTS

VFR

DAY

VFR

NIGHT

IFR

DAY

IFR

NIGHT

PLACARDS AND MARKINGST182T Nav III - GFC 700 AFCSPOH/AFM

1 1 1 1 Accessible to pilotin flight.

Garmin G1000Cockpit Reference Guide

1 1 1 1 Accessible to pilotin flight.

AIR CONDITIONING1 - Forward Avionics Fan 1 1 1 12 - PFD Fan 0 0 0 03 - MFD Fan 0 0 0 04 - Aft Avionics Fan 1 1 1 1

COMMUNICATIONS1 - VHF COM 0 0 1 1

ELECTRICAL POWER1 - 24V Main Battery 1 1 1 12 - 28V Alternator 1 1 1 13 - 24V Standby Battery 0 * * * * Refer to Note 1.4 - Main Ammeter 1 1 1 15 - Standby Ammeter 0 * * * * Refer to Note 1.



KINDS OF OPERATIONS EQUIPMENT LIST (Continued)



KIND OF OPERATION

COMMENTS

VFR

DAY

VFR

NIGHT

IFR

DAY

IFR

NIGHT

EQUIPMENT AND FURNISHINGS1 - Seat Belt Assembly 1 1 1 1 Each Seat

Occupant2 - Shoulder Harness 1 1 1 1 Front Seat

OccupantsFLIGHT CONTROLS

1 - Flap Position Indicator 1 1 1 12 - Flap Motor 1 1 1 13 - Elevator Trim System 1 1 1 14 - Elevator Trim Indicator 1 1 1 15 - Rudder Trim System 1 1 1 16 - Rudder Trim Indicator 1 1 1 1

FUEL SYSTEM1 - Electric Fuel Pump 1 1 1 12 - Fuel Quantity Indicator - L Tank 1 1 1 13 - Fuel Quantity Indicator - R Tank 1 1 1 1

ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION 1 - Alternate Static Air Source 0 0 1 12 - Alternate Induction Air System 0 0 1 1

INDICATING/RECORDINGSYSTEM

1 - Stall Warning System 1 1 1 12 - System Annunciator and

Warning Displays1 1 1 1

LANDING GEAR1 - Wheel Fairings 0 0 0 0 Removable



GFC 700 AFCS


NOTE2. PFD backlighting is required for day VFR flight if MFD

backlighting has failed. Display backup mode must be activeso engine indicators are shown.

3. MFD backlighting is required for day VFR flight if PFDbacklighting has failed. Display backup mode must be activeso flight instruments are shown.



KIND OF OPERATION

COMMENTS

VFR

DAY

VFR

NIGHT

IFR

DAY

IFR

NIGHT

LIGHTING1 - PFD Bezel Lighting 0 0 0 12 - PFD Backlighting * 1 1 1 *Refer to Note 2.3 - MFD Bezel Lighting 0 0 0 14 - MFD Backlighting * 1 1 1 *Refer to Note 3.5 - Switch and Circuit Breaker

Panel Lighting0 1 0 1

6 - Standby Airspeed Indicator Internal Lighting

0 1 0 1

7 - Standby Altimeter Internal Lighting

0 1 0 1

8 - Non-stabilized Magnetic Compass Internal Lighting

0 1 0 1

9 - Standby Attitude Indicator Internal Lighting

0 1 0 1

10 - Cockpit Flood Light 0 1 0 111 - Aircraft Position (NAV) Lights 0 1 1 112 - STROBE Light System 1 1 1 113 - BEACON Light 0 0 0 014 - TAXI Light 0 0 0 015 - LAND (Landing) Light 0 1 0 1 Operations for hire

only






KIND OF OPERATION

COMMENTS

VFR

DAY

VFR

NIGHT

IFR

DAY

IFR

NIGHT

NAVIGATION AND PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM

1 - G1000 Airspeed Indicator 1 1 1 12 - Standby Airspeed Indicator 0 0 1 13 - G1000 Altimeter 1 1 1 14 - Standby Altimeter 0 0 1 15 - G1000 Vertical Speed

Indicator0 0 0 0

6 - G1000 Attitude Indicator 0 0 1 17 - Standby Attitude Indicator 0 0 1 18 - G1000 Directional Indicator

(HSI)0 0 1 1

9 - G1000 Turn Coordinator 0 0 1 110 - Non-stabilized Magnetic

Compass1 1 1 1

11 - VHF Navigation Radio (VOR/LOC/GS)

0 0 A/R A/R As Required PerProcedure.

12 - GPS Receiver/Navigator 0 0 A/R A/R As Required Per Procedure.

13 - Marker Beacon Receiver 0 0 A/R A/R As Required Per Procedure.

14 - Blind Altitude Encoder A/R A/R 1 1 As Required Per Regulations.

15 - Clock 0 0 1 116 - GFC 700 AFCS 0 0 0 0



GFC 700 AFCS



KIND OF OPERATION

COMMENTS

VFR

DAY

VFR

NIGHT

IFR

DAY

IFR

NIGHT

VACUUM1 - Engine Driven Vacuum

Pump0 0 1 1

2 - Vacuum Indicator 0 0 1 1ENGINE FUEL AND CONTROL1 - Manifold Pressure Indicator 1 1 1 12 - Fuel Flow Indicator 1 1 1 1

ENGINE INDICATING1 - Tachometer (RPM) 1 1 1 12 - Cylinder Head Temperature

(CHT) Indicator1 1 1 1 Cylinder #2

3 - Turbine Inlet Temperature 1 1 1 14 - Oil Pressure Indicator 1 1 1 15 - Oil Temperature Indicator 1 1 1 1

ENGINE OIL1 - Engine Crankcase Dipstick 1 1 1 1



FUEL LIMITATIONSTotal Fuel: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.0 U.S. Gallons (46.0 gallons per tank)Usable Fuel: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.0 U.S. Gallons (43.5 gallons per tank)Unusable Fuel:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 U.S. Gallons (2.5 gallons per tank)

NOTETo ensu re max imum fue l capac i ty and m in imizecrossfeeding when refueling, always park the airplane in awings level, normal ground attitude and place the fuelselector in the LEFT or RIGHT position. Refer to Figure 1-1for normal ground attitude definition.

Takeoff and land with the fuel selector valve handle in the BOTHposition.

Maximum slip or skid duration with one tank dry: 30 seconds

Operation on either LEFT or RIGHT tank limited to level flight only.

With 1/4 tank or less, prolonged uncoordinated flight is prohibited whenoperating on either left or right tank.

Fuel remaining in the tank after the fuel quantity indicator reads 0 (redline) cannot be safely used in flight.

Approved Fuel Grades (and Colors):

100LL Grade Aviation Fuel (Blue)100 Grade Aviation Fuel (Green)

MAXIMUM OPERATING ALTITUDE LIMITCertified Maximum Operating Altitude: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20,000 Feet

FLAP LIMITATIONSApproved Takeoff Range: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .UP to 20°Approved Landing Range: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UP to FULL



GFC 700 AFCS

SYSTEM LIMITATIONS

AUX AUDIO SYSTEM

Use of the AUX AUDIO IN entertainment input is prohibited duringtakeoff and landing.

Use of the AUX AUDIO IN entertainment audio input and portableelectronic devices (PED), such as cellular telephones, games,cassette, CD or MP3 players, is prohibited under IFR unless theoperator of the airplane has determined that the use of the Aux AudioSystem and the connected portable electronic device(s) will not causeinterference with the navigation or communication system of theairplane.

12V POWER SYSTEM

The 12 Volt Power System (POWER OUTLET 12V - 10A) is notcertified for supplying power to flight-critical communications ornavigation devices.

Use of the 12 Volt Power System is prohibited during takeoff andlanding.

Use of the 12 Volt Power System is prohibited under IFR unless theoperator of the airplane has determined that the use of the 12 VDCpower supply and connected portable electronic device(s) will notcause interference with the navigation or communication systems ofthe airplane.



G1000 LIMITATIONSThe current Garmin G1000 Cockpit Reference Guide (CRG) PartNumber and System Software Version that must be available to thepilot during flight are displayed on the MFD AUX group, SYSTEMSTATUS page.

GPS based IFR enroute, oceanic and terminal navigation is prohibitedunless the pilot verifies the currency of the database or verifies eachselected waypoint for accuracy by reference to current approved data.

RNAV/GPS instrument approaches must be accomplished inaccordance with approved instrument approach procedures that areretrieved from the G1000 navigation database. The G1000 databasemust incorporate the current update cycle.

Use of the NAVIGATION MAP page for pilotage navigation isprohibited. The Navigation Map is intended only to enhance situationalawareness. Navigation is to be conducted using only current charts,data and authorized navigation facilities.

Use of the TRAFFIC MAP to maneuver the airplane to avoid traffic isprohibited. The Traffic Information System (TIS) is intended for advisoryuse only. TIS is intended only to help the pilot to visually locate traffic. Itis the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic.

Use of the TERRAIN PROXIMITY information for primary terrainavoidance is prohibited. The Terrain Proximity map is intended only toenhance situational awareness. It is the pilot’s responsibility to provideterrain clearance at all times.

Navigation using the G1000 is not authorized north of 70° North latitudeor south of 70° South latitude due to unsuitability of the magnetic fieldsnear the Earth's poles. In addition, operations are not authorized in thefollowing two regions:

1. North of 65° North latitude between longitude 75° W and 120° W(Northern Canada).

2. South of 55° South latitude between longitude 120° E and 165° E(region south of Australia and New Zealand).




GFC 700 AFCS

G1000 LIMITATIONS (Continued)

The COM 1/2 (split COM) function of the Audio Panel is not approvedfor use. During COM 1/2 operation, transmission by one crew memberinhibits reception by the other crew member.

The fuel quantity, fuel used and fuel remaining functions of the G1000are supplemental information only and must be verified by the pilot.

GPS - WAAS (Serials T18208665 and T18208669 thruT18208806 not incorporating SB08-34-01)

Use of the Garmin G1000 system for GPS or WAAS navigation underInstrument Flight Rules (IFR) requires that:

1. The airplane must be equipped with an approved and operationalalternate means of navigation appropriate to the route beingflown (NAV receiver, DME or ADF).

2. For flight planning purposes, if an alternate airport is required, itmust have an approved instrument approach procedure, otherthan GPS or RNAV, that is anticipated to be operational andavailable at the estimated time of arrival. All equipment requiredfor this procedure must be installed and operational.

3. For procedures requiring a prediction of GPS ReceiverAutonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) capability for TSO-C129a (non-WAAS) equipment (e.g. oceanic operations, U.S.RNAV routes, European BRNAV and PRNAV, etc.), the GarminWAAS Fault Detection/Exclusion Prediction program (006-A0154-01 or later approved version) should be used to confirmthe availability of RAIM for the intended route and time of flight.Generic prediction tools do not provide an accurate indication ofRAIM availability for the Garmin G1000 system.

4. When flight planning an LNAV/VNAV or LPV approach, theGarmin WAAS Fault Detection/Exclusion Prediction program(006-A0154-01 or later approved version) should be used inaddition to any NOTAMs issued from the approach.





GARMIN GFC 700 AFCS

1. The GFC 700 AFCS preflight test must be successfullycompleted prior to use of the autopilot, flight director or manualelectric trim.

2. A pilot, with the seat belt fastened, must occupy the left pilot’sseat during all autopilot operations.

3. The autopilot must be off during all takeoff and landings.4. Autopilot maximum engagement speed - 165 KIAS.

Autopilot minimum engagement speed - 70 KIAS.Electric Trim maximum operating speed - 175 KIAS.

5. Maximum fuel imbalance with autopilot engaged - 90 pounds.6. The autopilot must be disengaged below 200 feet AGL during

approach operations and below 800 feet AGL during all otheroperations.

7. ILS approaches using the autopilot/flight director are limited toCategory I approaches only.

8. Use of the autopilot is prohibited when the audio panel isinoperative (since the aural alert will not be provided whenautopilot is disengaged).

9. Use of the autopilot is prohibited when conducting missedapproach procedures until an established rate of climb thatensures all altitude requirements of the procedure will be met.

L3 COMMUNICATIONS WX 500 STORMSCOPE

Use of the WEATHER MAP (WX-500 Stormscope) for hazardousweather (thunderstorm) penetration is prohibited. LTNG information onthe NAVIGATION MAP or WEATHER MAP is approved only as an aidto hazardous weather avoidance, not penetration.




GFC 700 AFCS


TRAFFIC ADVISORY SYSTEM (TAS)

Use of the TRAFFIC MAP to maneuver the airplane to avoid traffic isprohibited. The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisoryuse only. TAS is intended only to help the pilot to visually locate traffic.It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic.

TERRAIN AWARENESS AND WARNING SYSTEM (TAWS-B)

Use of the Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS-B) tonavigate to avoid terrain or obstacles is prohibited. TAWS-B is onlyapproved as an aid to help the pilot to see-and-avoid terrain orobstacles.

TAWS-B must be inhibited when landing at a location not included inthe airport database.

Use of TAWS-B is prohibited when operating using the QFE altimetersetting (altimeter indicates 0 feet altitude when the airplane is on therunway).

The pilot is authorized to deviate from the current ATC clearance onlyto the extent necessary to comply with TAWS-B warnings.

The geographic area of the TAWS-B database must match thegeographic area in which the airplane is being operated.



PLACARDSThe following information must be displayed in the form of composite orindividual placards.

1. In full view of the pilot: (The "DAY-NIGHT-VFR-IFR" entry, shownon the example below, will vary with installed equipment).

2. On control lock:




GFC 700 AFCS

PLACARDS (Continued)

3. On the fuel selector valve:

4. Near both fuel tank filler cap:





5. On flap control indicator:

6. In baggage compartment:




GFC 700 AFCS


7. A calibration card must be provided to indicate the accuracy ofthe magnetic compass in 30° increments.

8. Molded on the oil filler cap/dipstick:

9. Silk-screened on the instrument panel directly above the PFD:




PLACARDS (Continued)10.Silk-screened on the upper right instrument panel:

11.On auxiliary power plug door and second placard on battery box:

12.On the upper right side of the aft cabin partition:

or




GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED


13.On the center overhead flood light control switch:

T182TPHBUS-012-26

CESSNA SECTION 3MODEL T182T NAV III EMERGENCY PROCEDURES GFC 700 AFCS

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5

Airspeeds For Emergency Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6

ENGINE FAILURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6Engine Failure During Takeoff Roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6Engine Failure During Flight (Restart Procedures) . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7

FORCED LANDINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8Emergency Landing Without Engine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8Precautionary Landing With Engine Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8Ditching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9

FIRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10During Start On Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10Engine Fire In Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11Electrical Fire In Flight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11Cabin Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12Wing Fire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13

ICING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14Inadvertent Icing Encounter During Flight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14

STATIC SOURCE BLOCKAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15(Erroneous Instrument Reading Suspected). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15

EXCESSIVE FUEL VAPOR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16Fuel Flow Stabilization Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16


U.S.T182TPHBUS-00 3-1

SECTION 3 CESSNAEMERGENCY PROCEDURES MODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)Page

ABNORMAL LANDINGS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16Landing With A Flat Main Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16Landing With A Flat Nose Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS . . . 3-17High Volts Annunciator Comes On or

M BATT AMPS More Than 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17LOW VOLTS Annunciator Comes On Below 1000 RPM. . . . . . 3-19LOW VOLTS Annunciator Comes On or

Does Not Go Off at Higher RPM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

AIR DATA SYSTEM FAILURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21Red X - PFD Airspeed Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21Red X - PFD Altitude Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21

ATTITUDE AND HEADING REFERENCE SYSTEM (AHRS)FAILURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21

Red X - PFD Attitude Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21Red X - Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21

AUTOPILOT OR ELECTRIC TRIM FAILURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22AP or PTRM Annunciator(s) Come On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

DISPLAY COOLING ADVISORY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23PFD1 COOLING or MFD1 COOLING Annunciator(s) Come On 3-23

VACUUM SYSTEM FAILURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23LOW VACUUM Annunciator Comes On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

HIGH CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) LEVEL ADVISORY . . . . . . . . 3-24CO LVL HIGH Annunciator Comes On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24CO LVL HIGH Annunciator Remains On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24





AMPLIFIED EMERGENCY PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-25Engine Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-25Maximum Glide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-26Forced Landings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-27Landing Without Elevator Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-28Fires. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-28Emergency Operation In Clouds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-29

Executing A 180° Turn In Clouds (AHRS FAILED) . . . . . . . . . . .3-29Emergency Descent Through Clouds (AHRS FAILED) . . . . . . .3-30Recovery From Spiral Dive In The Clouds (AHRS FAILED) . . . .3-31

Inadvertent Flight Into Icing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-31Static Source Blocked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-32Spins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-32Rough Engine Operation Or Loss Of Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-33

Spark Plug Fouling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-33Magneto Malfunction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-33Engine-Driven Fuel Pump Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-33Excessive Fuel Vapor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-34Low Oil Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-34Turbocharger Failure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-35

Electrical Power Supply System Malfunctions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-36Excessive Rate Of Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-36Insufficient Rate Of Charge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-37

High Carbon Monoxide (CO) Level Annunciation . . . . . . . . . .3-39/3-40Other Emergencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-39/3-40

Windshield Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-39/3-40

U.S.T182TPHBUS-01 3-3/3-4


INTRODUCTION

Section 3 provides checklist and amplified procedures for coping withemergencies that may occur. Emergencies caused by airplane orengine malfunctions are extremely rare if proper preflight inspectionsand maintenance are practiced. Enroute weather emergencies can beminimized or eliminated by careful flight planning and good judgmentwhen unexpected weather is encountered. However, should anemergency arise, the basic guidelines described in this section shouldbe considered and applied as necessary to correct the problem. In anyemergency situation, the most important task is continued control of theairplane and maneuver to execute a successful landing.

Emergency procedures associated with optional or supplementalequipment are found in Section 9, Supplements.

AIRSPEEDS FOR EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

ENGINE FAILURE AFTER TAKEOFFWing Flaps UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 KIASWing Flaps 10° - FULL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 KIAS

MANEUVERING SPEED3100 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 KIAS2600 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 KIAS2100 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 KIAS

MAXIMUM GLIDE3100 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 KIAS2600 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69 KIAS2100 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 KIAS

PRECAUTIONARY LANDING WITH ENGINE POWER. . . . . .70 KIAS

LANDING WITHOUT ENGINE POWERWing Flaps UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 KIAS Wing Flaps 10° - FULL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70 KIAS



GFC 700 AFCS

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

Procedures in the Emergency Procedures Checklist portion of thissection shown in bold faced type are immediate action items whichshould be committed to memory.

ENGINE FAILURES

ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF ROLL1. Throttle Control - IDLE (pull full out)2. Brakes - APPLY3. Wing Flaps - RETRACT4. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)5. MAGNETOS Switch - OFF6. STBY BATT Switch - OFF7. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF

ENGINE FAILURE IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKEOFF1. Airspeed - 75 KIAS - Flaps UP

70 KIAS - Flaps 10° - FULL2. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)3. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - PUSH DOWN and ROTATE to OFF4. MAGNETOS Switch - OFF5. Wing Flaps - AS REQUIRED (FULL recommended)6. STBY BATT Switch - OFF7. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF8. Cabin Door - UNLATCH9. Land - STRAIGHT AHEAD




ENGINE FAILURES (Continued)

ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT (Restart Procedures)1. Airspeed - 75 KIAS (best glide speed)2. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - BOTH3. FUEL PUMP Switch - ON4. Mixture Control - RICH (if restart has not occurred)5. MAGNETOS Switch - BOTH (or START if propeller is stopped)

NOTE

I f the propel ler is windmi l l ing, engine wi l l restar tautomatically within a few seconds. If propeller has stopped(possible at low speeds), turn MAGNETOS switch toSTART, advance throttle slowly from idle and lean themixture from ful l r ich as required to obtain smoothoperation.

6. FUEL PUMP Switch - OFF

NOTE

If the indicated fuel flow (FFLOW GPH) immediately dropsto zero, a sign of failure of the engine-driven fuel pump,return the FUEL PUMP switch to the ON position.



GFC 700 AFCS

FORCED LANDINGS

EMERGENCY LANDING WITHOUT ENGINE POWER1. Pilot and Passenger Seat Backs - MOST UPRIGHT POSITION2. Seats and Seat Belts - SECURE3. Airspeed - 75 KIAS - Flaps UP

70 KIAS - Flaps 10° - FULL4. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)5. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - PUSH DOWN and ROTATE to OFF6. MAGNETOS Switch - OFF7. Wing Flaps - AS REQUIRED (FULL recommended)8. STBY BATT Switch - OFF9. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF (when landing is

assured)10. Doors - UNLATCH PRIOR TO TOUCHDOWN11. Touchdown - SLIGHTLY TAIL LOW12. Brakes - APPLY HEAVILY

PRECAUTIONARY LANDING WITH ENGINE POWER1. Pilot and Passenger Seat Backs - MOST UPRIGHT POSITION2. Seats and Seat Belts - SECURE3. Airspeed - 75 KIAS4. Wing Flaps - 20°5. Selected Field - FLY OVER (noting terrain and obstructions)6. Wing Flaps - FULL (on final approach)7. Airspeed - 70 KIAS8. STBY BATT Switch - OFF9. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF (when landing assured)10. Doors - UNLATCH PRIOR TO TOUCHDOWN11. Touchdown - SLIGHTLY TAIL LOW12. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)13. MAGNETOS Switch - OFF14. Brakes - APPLY HEAVILY




FORCED LANDINGS (Continued)

DITCHING1. Radio - TRANSMIT MAYDAY on 121.5 MHz, (give location,

intentions and SQUAWK 7700)2. Heavy Objects (in baggage area) - SECURE OR JETTISON (if

possible)3. Pilot and Passenger Seat Backs - MOST UPRIGHT POSITION4. Seats and Seat Belts - SECURE5. Wing Flaps - 20° to FULL6. Power - ESTABLISH 300 FT/MIN DESCENT AT 65 KIAS

NOTE

If no power is available, approach at 70 KIAS with Flaps UPor at 65 KIAS with Flaps 10°.

7. Approach -High Winds, Heavy Seas - INTO THE WINDLight Winds, Heavy Swells - PARALLEL TOSWELLS

8. Cabin Doors - UNLATCH9. Touchdown - LEVEL ATTITUDE AT ESTABLISHED RATE OF

DESCENT10. Face - CUSHION AT TOUCHDOWN (with folded coat)11. ELT - ACTIVATE12. Airplane - EVACUATE THROUGH CABIN DOORS

NOTE

If necessary, open window and flood cabin to equalizepressure so doors can be opened.

13. Life Vests and Raft - INFLATE WHEN CLEAR OF AIRPLANE



GFC 700 AFCS

FIRES

DURING START ON GROUND1. MAGNETOS Switch - START (continue cranking to start the

engine)

IF ENGINE STARTS2. Power - 1800 RPM (for a few minutes)3. Engine - SHUTDOWN (inspect for damage)

IF ENGINE FAILS TO START2. Throttle Control - FULL (push full in)3. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)4. MAGNETOS Switch - START (continue cranking)5. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - PUSH DOWN and ROTATE to OFF6. FUEL PUMP Switch - OFF7. MAGNETOS Switch - OFF8. STBY BATT Switch - OFF9. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF10. Engine - SECURE11. Parking Brake - RELEASE12. Fire Extinguisher - OBTAIN (have ground attendants obtain if not

installed)13. Airplane - EVACUATE14. Fire - EXTINGUISH (using fire extinguisher, wool blanket, or dirt)15. Fire Damage - INSPECT (repair or replace damaged

components and/or wiring before conducting another flight)




FIRES (Continued)

ENGINE FIRE IN FLIGHT1. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)2. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - PUSH DOWN and ROTATE to OFF3. FUEL PUMP Switch - OFF4. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF5. Cabin Vents - OPEN (as needed)6. CABIN HT and CABIN AIR Control Knobs - OFF (push full in)7. Airspeed - 100 KIAS (If fire is not extinguished, increase glide

speed to find an airspeed, within airspeed limitations, which willprovide an incombustible mixture)

8. Forced Landing - EXECUTE (refer to EMERGENCY LANDINGWITHOUT ENGINE POWER)

ELECTRICAL FIRE IN FLIGHT1. STBY BATT Switch - OFF2. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF3. Cabin Vents - CLOSED (to avoid drafts)4. CABIN HT and CABIN AIR Control Knobs - OFF (push full

in) (to avoid drafts)5. Fire Extinguisher - ACTIVATE (if available)6. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2) - OFF7. All Other Switches (except MAGNETOS switch) - OFF

WARNING

AFTER THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER HAS BEEN USED,MAKE SURE THAT THE FIRE IS EXTINGUISHEDBEFORE EXTERIOR AIR IS USED TO REMOVE SMOKEFROM THE CABIN.

8. Cabin Vents - OPEN (when sure that fire is completelyextinguished)

9. CABIN HT and CABIN AIR Control Knobs - ON (pull full out)(when sure that fire is completely extinguished)




GFC 700 AFCS

FIRES (Continued)

ELECTRICAL FIRE IN FLIGHT (Continued)

IF FIRE HAS BEEN EXTINGUISHED AND ELECTRICAL POWERIS NECESSARY FOR CONTINUED FLIGHT TO NEARESTSUITABLE AIRPORT OR LANDING AREA10. Circuit Breakers - CHECK (for OPEN circuit(s), do not reset)11. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - ON12. STBY BATT Switch - ARM13. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1) - ON14. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 2) - ON

CABIN FIRE1. STBY BATT Switch - OFF2. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF3. Cabin Vents - CLOSED (to avoid drafts)4. CABIN HT and CABIN AIR Control Knobs - OFF (push full

in) (to avoid drafts)5. Fire Extinguisher - ACTIVATE (if available)

WARNING

AFTER THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER HAS BEEN USED,MAKE SURE THAT THE FIRE IS EXTINGUISHEDBEFORE EXTERIOR AIR IS USED TO REMOVE SMOKEFROM THE CABIN.

6. Cabin Vents - OPEN (when sure that fire is completelyextinguished)

7. CABIN HT and CABIN AIR Control Knobs - ON (pull full out)(when sure that fire is completely extinguished)

8. Land the airplane as soon as possible to inspect for damage.



FIRES (Continued)

WING FIRE1. LAND and TAXI Light Switches - OFF2. NAV Light Switch - OFF3. STROBE Light Switch - OFF4. PITOT HEAT Switch - OFF

NOTE

Perform a sideslip to keep the flames away from the fueltank and cabin. Land as soon as possible using flaps onlyas required for final approach and touchdown.



GFC 700 AFCS

ICING

INADVERTENT ICING ENCOUNTER DURING FLIGHT1. PITOT HEAT Switch - ON2. PROP HEAT Switch - ON3. Turn back or change altitude (to obtain an outside air

temperature that is less conducive to icing)4. CABIN HT Control Knob - ON (pull full out)5. DEFROST Control Knob - ON (rotate clockwise) (to obtain

maximum defroster airflow)6. Increase engine speed to minimize ice build-up on propeller

blades. If excessive vibration is noted, momentarily reduceengine speed to 2200 RPM with the propeller control, and thenrapidly move the control forward.

NOTE

• Cycling the RPM flexes the propeller blades and highRPM increases centrifugal force, causing ice to shedmore rapidly.

• If the amber PROP HEAT annunciator comes ON, cyclethe PROP HEAT Switch OFF then ON. If it comes onagain, place the PROP HEAT Switch to OFF andcontinue using the RPM cycling technique to minimizeice build up on the propeller blades. Have propeller heatsystem inspected by qualified personnel before nextflight.

7. Watch for signs of induction air filter icing. A loss of manifoldpressure could be caused by ice blocking the air intake filter.Adjust the throttle as necessary to hold manifold pressure.Adjust mixture as necessary for any change in power settings.

8. Plan a landing at the nearest airport. With an extremely rapid icebuild-up, select a suitable off airport landing site.

9. With an ice accumulation of 0.25 inch or more on the wingleading edges, be prepared for significantly higher powerrequirements, higher approach and stall speeds, and a longerlanding roll.

10. Leave wing flaps retracted. With a severe ice build-up on thehorizontal tail, the change in wing wake airflow direction causedby wing flap extension could result in a loss of elevatoreffectiveness.




ICING (Continued)

INADVERTENT ICING ENCOUNTER DURING FLIGHT(Continued)

11. Open left window and, if practical, scrape ice from a portion ofthe windshield for visibility in the landing approach.

12. Perform a landing approach using a forward slip, if necessary,for improved visibility.

13. Approach at 80 to 90 KIAS depending upon the amount of iceaccumulation.

14. Perform landing in level attitude.15. Missed approaches should be avoided whenever possible

because of severely reduced climb capability.16. PROP HEAT Switch - OFF (when propeller heat is no longer

required)

CAUTION

DO NOT OPERATE THE PROP HEAT SYSTEM MORETHAN 15 SECONDS ON THE GROUND WITHOUTENGINE POWER.

STATIC SOURCE BLOCKAGE(ERRONEOUS INSTRUMENT READING SUSPECTED)

1. ALT STATIC AIR Valve - ON (pull full out)2. Cabin Vents - CLOSED3. CABIN HT and CABIN AIR Control Knobs - ON (pull full out)4. Airspeed - Refer to Section 5, Figure 5-1 (Sheet 2) Airspeed

Calibration, Alternate Static Source correction chart.5. Altitude - Refer to Section 5, Figure 5-2, Altimeter Correction,

Alternate Static Source correction chart.



GFC 700 AFCS

EXCESSIVE FUEL VAPOR

FUEL FLOW STABILIZATION PROCEDURES(If flow fluctuations of 1 GPH or more, or power surgesoccur.)

1. FUEL PUMP Switch - ON2. Mixture Control - ADJUST (as necessary for smooth engine

operation) 3. Fuel Selector Valve - SELECT OPPOSITE TANK (if vapor

symptoms continue)4. FUEL PUMP Switch - OFF (after fuel flow has stabilized)

ABNORMAL LANDINGS

LANDING WITH A FLAT MAIN TIRE1. Approach - NORMAL2. Wing Flaps - FULL3. Touchdown - GOOD MAIN TIRE FIRST (hold airplane off flat tire

as long as possible with aileron control)4. Directional Control - MAINTAIN (using brake on good wheel as

required)

LANDING WITH A FLAT NOSE TIRE1. Approach - NORMAL2. Wing Flaps - AS REQUIRED

120 to 140 KIAS - Flaps UP to 10°100 to 120 KIAS - Flaps 10° to 20°Below 100 KIAS - Flaps FULL

3. Touchdown - ON MAINS (hold nosewheel off the ground as longas possible)

4. When nosewheel touches down, maintain full up elevator asairplane slows to stop.



ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMMALFUNCTIONS

HIGH VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON OR M BATTAMPS MORE THAN 40

1. MASTER Switch (ALT Only) - OFF2. Electrical Load - REDUCE IMMEDIATELY as follows:

a. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1) - OFFb. PROP HEAT Switch - OFFc. PITOT HEAT Switch - OFFd. BEACON Light Switch - OFFe. LAND Light Switch - OFF (use as required for landing)f. TAXI Light Switch - OFFg. NAV Light Switch - OFFh. STROBE Light Switch - OFFi. CABIN PWR 12V Switch - OFF

NOTE

• The Main Battery supplies electrical power to the Mainand Essential Buses until M BUS VOLTS decreasesbelow 20 volts. When M BUS VOLTS falls below 20volts, the Standby Battery System will automaticallysupply electrical power to the Essential Bus for at least30 minutes.

• Select COM1 MIC and NAV1 on the audio panel andtune to the active frequency before setting AVIONICSBUS 2 to OFF. If COM2 MIC and NAV2 are selectedwhen AVIONICS BUS 2 is set to OFF, the COM and NAVradios cannot be tuned.




GFC 700 AFCS

ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMMALFUNCTIONS (Continued)

HIGH VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON OR M BATTAMPS MORE THAN 40 (Continued)

j. COM1 and NAV1 - TUNE TO ACTIVE FREQUENCYk. COM1 MIC and NAV1 - SELECT (COM2 MIC and NAV2 will

be inoperative once AVIONICS BUS 2 is selected to OFF)

NOTE

When AVIONICS BUS 2 is set to OFF, the following itemswill not operate:

l. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 2) - OFF (KEEP ON if in clouds)3. Land as soon as practical.

NOTE

Make sure a successful landing is possible beforeextending flaps. The flap motor is a large electrical loadduring operation.


Autopilot Audio PanelCOMM 2 NAV 2Transponder MFD




LOW VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON BELOW 1000RPM

1. Throttle Control - 1000 RPM2. LOW VOLTS Annunciator - CHECK OFF

LOW VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR REMAINS ON AT 1000 RPM3. Authorized maintenance personnel must do electrical system

inspection prior to next flight.

LOW VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON OR DOES NOTGO OFF AT HIGHER RPM

1. MASTER Switch (ALT Only) - OFF2. ALT FIELD Circuit Breaker - CHECK IN3. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - ON4. LOW VOLTS Annunciator - CHECK OFF5. M BUS VOLTS - CHECK 27.5 V (minimum)6. M BATT AMPS - CHECK CHARGING (+)

IF LOW VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR REMAINS ON7. MASTER Switch (ALT Only) - OFF8. Electrical Load - REDUCE IMMEDIATELY as follows:

a. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1) - OFFb. PROP HEAT Switch - OFFc. PITOT HEAT Switch - OFFd. BEACON Light Switch - OFFe. LAND Light Switch - OFF (use as required for landing)f. TAXI Light Switch - OFFg. NAV Light Switch - OFFh. STROBE Light Switch - OFFi. CABIN PWR 12V Switch - OFF




GFC 700 AFCS

ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS(Continued)

IF LOW VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR REMAINS ON (Continued)

NOTE

• The Main Battery supplies electrical power to the Mainand Essential Buses until M BUS VOLTS decreasesbelow 20 volts. When M BUS VOLTS falls below 20volts, the Standby Battery System will automaticallysupply electrical power to the Essential Bus for at least30 minutes.

• Select COM1 MIC and NAV1 on the audio panel andtune to the active frequency before setting AVIONICSBUS 2 to OFF. If COM2 MIC and NAV2 are selectedwhen AVIONICS BUS 2 is set to OFF, the COM and NAVradios cannot be tuned.

j. COM1 and NAV1 - TUNE TO ACTIVE FREQUENCYk. COM1 MIC and NAV1 - SELECT (COM2 MIC and NAV2 will

be inoperative once AVIONICS BUS 2 is selected to OFF)

NOTE

When AVIONICS BUS 2 is set to OFF, the following itemswill not operate:

l. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 2) - OFF (KEEP ON if in clouds)9. Land as soon as practical.

NOTE

Make sure a successful landing is possible beforeextending flaps. The flap motor is a large electrical loadduring operation.

Autopilot Audio PanelCOMM 2 NAV 2Transponder MFD



AIR DATA SYSTEM FAILURE

RED X - PFD AIRSPEED INDICATOR1. ADC/AHRS Circuit Breakers - CHECK IN (ESS BUS and AVN

BUS 1). If open, reset (close) circuit breaker. If circuit breakeropens again, do not reset.

2. Standby Airspeed Indicator - USE FOR AIRSPEEDINFORMATION

RED X - PFD ALTITUDE INDICATOR1. ADC/AHRS Circuit Breakers - CHECK IN (ESS BUS and AVN


2. Standby Altimeter - CHECK current barometric pressure SET.USE FOR ALTITUDE INFORMATION.

ATTITUDE AND HEADING REFERENCE SYSTEM(AHRS) FAILURE

RED X - PFD ATTITUDE INDICATOR1. ADC/AHRS Circuit Breakers - CHECK IN (ESS BUS and AVN


2. Standby Attitude Indicator - USE FOR ATTITUDEINFORMATION

RED X - HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI)1. ADC/AHRS Circuit Breakers - CHECK IN (ESS BUS and AVN


2. Non-Stabilized Magnetic Compass - USE FOR HEADINGINFORMATION



GFC 700 AFCS

AUTOPILOT OR ELECTRIC TRIM FAILURE

AP OR PTRM ANNUNCIATOR(S) COME ON1. Control Wheel - GRASP FIRMLY (regain control of airplane)2. A/P TRIM DISC Button - PRESS and HOLD (throughout

recovery)3. Elevator and Rudder Trim Controls - ADJUST MANUALLY

(as necessary)4. AUTO PILOT Circuit Breaker - OPEN (pull out)5. A/P TRIM DISC Button - RELEASE

WARNING

FOLLOWING AN AUTOPILOT, AUTOTRIM OR MANUALELECTRIC TRIM SYSTEM MALFUNCTION, DO NOTENGAGE THE AUTOPILOT UNTIL THE CAUSE OF THEMALFUNCTION HAS BEEN CORRECTED.



DISPLAY COOLING ADVISORY

PFD1 COOLING OR MFD1 COOLING ANNUNCIATOR(S)COME ON

1. CABIN HT Control Knob - REDUCE (push in) (minimumpreferred)

2. Forward Avionics Fan - CHECK (feel for airflow from screen onglareshield)

IF FORWARD AVIONICS FAN HAS FAILED3. STBY BATT Switch - OFF (unless needed for emergency

power)

IF PFD1 COOLING OR MFD1 COOLING ANNUNCIATOR DOESNOT GO OFF WITHIN 3 MINUTES OR IF BOTH PFD1 COOLINGAND MFD1 COOLING ANNUNCIATORS COME ON3. STBY BATT Switch - OFF (land as soon as practical)

VACUUM SYSTEM FAILURE

LOW VACUUM ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON1. Vacuum Indicator (VAC) - CHECK EIS SYSTEM PAGE (make

sure vacuum pointer is in green band limits)

CAUTION

IF VACUUM POINTER IS OUT OF THE GREEN BANDDURING FLIGHT OR THE GYRO FLAG IS SHOWN ONTHE STANDBY ATTITUDE INDICATOR, THE STANDBYATTITUDE INDICATOR MUST NOT BE USED FORATTITUDE INFORMATION.



GFC 700 AFCS

HIGH CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) LEVEL ADVISORY

CO LVL HIGH ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON1. CABIN HT Control Knob - OFF (push full in)2. CABIN AIR Control Knob - ON (pull full out)3. Cabin Vents - OPEN4. Cabin Windows - OPEN (175 KIAS maximum windows open

speed)

CO LVL HIGH ANNUNCIATOR REMAINS ON5. Land as soon as practical.



AMPLIFIED EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

The following Amplified Emergency Procedures provide additionalinformation beyond that in the Emergency Procedures Checklistsportion of this section. These procedures also include information notreadily adaptable to a checklist format, and material to which a pilotcould not be expected to refer in resolution of a specific emergency.This information should be reviewed in detail prior to flying the airplane,as well as reviewed on a regular basis to keep pilot’s knowledge ofprocedures fresh.

ENGINE FAILURE

If an engine failure occurs during the takeoff roll, stop the airplane onthe remaining runway. Those extra items on the checklist will provideadded safety after a failure of this type.

If an engine failure occurs immediately after takeoff, in most cases, thelanding should be planned straight ahead with only small changes indirection to avoid obstructions. Altitude and airspeed are seldomsufficient to execute the 180° gliding turn necessary to return to therunway. The checklist procedures assume that adequate time exists tosecure the fuel and ignition systems prior to touchdown.

After an engine failure in flight, the most important task is to continueflying the airplane. The best glide speed, as shown in Figure 3-1,should be established as quickly as possible. While gliding toward asuitable landing area, an effort should be made to identify the cause ofthe failure. If time permits, an engine restart should be attempted asshown in the checklist. If the engine cannot be restarted, a forcedlanding without power must be completed.



GFC 700 AFCS

MAXIMUM GLIDE

Figure 3-1



FORCED LANDINGS

If all attempts to restart the engine fail and a forced landing is imminent,select a suitable field and prepare for the landing as discussed underthe Emergency Landing Without Engine Power checklist. TransmitMayday message on 121.5 MHz giving location, intentions and squawk7700.

Before attempting an off airport landing with engine power available,one should fly over the landing area at a safe, but low altitude, toinspect the terrain for obstructions and surface conditions, proceedingas discussed in the Precautionary Landing With Engine Powerchecklist.

Prepare for ditching by securing or jettisoning heavy objects located inthe baggage area and collect folded coats for protection of occupants'face at touchdown. Transmit Mayday messages on 121.5 MHz givinglocation, intentions and squawk 7700. Avoid a landing flare because ofthe difficulty in judging height over a water surface. The checklistassumes the availability of power to make a precautionary waterlanding. If power is not available, use of the airspeeds noted withminimum flap extension will provide a more favorable attitude for apower off ditching.

In a forced landing situation, do not turn off the MASTER switch,AVIONICS switch or STBY BATT switch until a landing is assured.Premature deactivation of the switches will disable all airplane electricalsystems.

Before completing a forced landing, especially in remote andmountainous areas, activate the ELT by setting the cockpit-mountedswitch to the ON position. For complete information on ELT operation,refer to Section 9, Supplements.



GFC 700 AFCS

LANDING WITHOUT ELEVATOR CONTROL

Trim for horizontal flight with an airspeed of approximately 80 KIAS byusing throttle and elevator trim controls. Then do not change theelevator trim control setting; control the glide angle by adjustingpower.

During the landing flare (round-out), the nose will come down whenpower is reduced and the airplane may touch down on the nosewheelbefore the main wheels. When in the flare, the elevator trim controlshould be adjusted toward the full nose up position and the poweradjusted at the same time so that the airplane will rotate to a horizontalattitude for touchdown. Close the throttle at touchdown.

FIRES

Improper starting procedures involving the excessive use of auxiliaryfuel pump operation can cause engine flooding and subsequentcollection of fuel on the parking ramp as the excess fuel drainsoverboard from the intake manifolds. This is sometimes experienced indifficult starts in cold weather where engine preheat service is notavailable. If this occurs, the airplane should be pushed away from thefuel puddle before another engine start is attempted. Otherwise, thereis a possibility of raw fuel accumulations in the exhaust system ignitingduring an engine start, causing a long flame from the tailpipe, andpossibly igniting the collected fuel on the pavement. If a fire occurs,proceed according to the checklist.

Although engine fires are extremely rare in flight, if a fire isencountered, the steps of the appropriate checklist should be followed.After completion of the checklist procedure, execute a forced landing.Do not attempt to restart the engine.

The first sign of an electrical fire is usually the smell of burninginsulation. The checklist procedure should result in the elimination ofthe fire.



EMERGENCY OPERATION IN CLOUDS

If the engine-driven vacuum pump fails in flight, the standby attitudeindicator will not be accurate. The pilot must then rely on the attitudeand heading information (from the AHRS) shown on the PFDindicators. With valid HDG or GPS/NAV inputs, autopilot operation willnot be affected.

If the AHRS unit fails in flight (red X’s shown through the PFD attitudeand heading indicators), the pilot must rely on the standby attitudeindicator and non-stabilized magnetic compass for attitude and headinginformation.

The autopilot will not operate if the AHRS unit fails. The pilot mustmanually fly the airplane without AHRS input. Refer to Section 7,Airplane and Systems Description, for additional details on autopilotoperations.

The following instructions assume that the pilot is not very proficient atinstrument flying and is flying the airplane without the autopilotengaged.

EXECUTING A 180° TURN IN CLOUDS (AHRS FAILED)

Upon inadvertently entering the clouds, an immediate turn to reversecourse and return to VFR conditions should be made as follows:

AHRS FAILURE1. Note the non-stabilized magnetic compass heading.2. Set rudder trim to the neutral position.3. Using the standby attitude indicator, initiate a 15° bank left turn.

Keep feet off rudder pedals. Maintain altitude and 15° bankangle. Continue the turn for 60 seconds, then roll back to levelflight.

4. When the compass card becomes sufficiently stable, check theaccuracy of the turn by verifying that the compass headingapproximates the reciprocal of the original heading.

5. If necessary, adjust the heading by keeping the wings level andusing the rudder to make skidding turns (the compass will readmore accurately) to complete the course reversal.

6. Maintain altitude and airspeed by cautious application ofelevator control. Keep the roll pointer and index aligned andsteer only with rudder.




GFC 700 AFCS

EMERGENCY OPERATION IN CLOUDS (Continued)

EMERGENCY DESCENT THROUGH CLOUDS (AHRSFAILED)

When returning to VFR flight after a 180° turn is not practical, a descentthrough the clouds to VFR conditions below may be appropriate. Ifpossible, obtain an ATC clearance for an emergency descent throughthe clouds.

AHRS FAILURE

Choose an easterly or westerly heading to minimize non-stabilizedmagnetic compass card sensitivity. Occasionally check the compassheading and make minor corrections to hold an approximate course.The autopilot will not operate if the AHRS unit fails. The pilot mustmanually fly the airplane without AHRS input.

Before descending into the clouds, prepare for a stabilized descent asfollows:

1. Apply full rich mixture.2. Set rudder trim to neutral position.3. Turn pitot heat on.4. Set power for a 500 to 800 feet per minute rate of descent.5. Set the elevator trim for a stabilized descent at 80 KIAS.6. Use the standby attitude indicator roll pointer and index to keep

wings level.7. Check trend of compass card movement and make cautious

corrections with rudder to stop the turn.8. Upon breaking out of clouds, resume normal cruising flight.




EMERGENCY OPERATION IN CLOUDS (Continued)

RECOVERY FROM SPIRAL DIVE IN THE CLOUDS (AHRSFAILED)

AHRS FAILURE

If a spiral is entered while in the clouds, continue as follows:1. Retard throttle to idle position.2. Remove feet from rudder pedals.3. Stop turn by carefully leveling the wings using aileron control to

align the roll index and roll pointer of the standby attitudeindicator.

4. Cautiously apply elevator back pressure to slowly reduce theairspeed to 80 KIAS.

5. Adjust the elevator trim control to maintain an 80 KIAS glide.6. Set rudder trim to neutral position.7. Use aileron control to maintain wings level (keep roll pointer and

index aligned) and constant heading. 8. Resume EMERGENCY DESCENT THROUGH THE CLOUDS

procedure. 9. Upon breaking out of clouds, resume normal cruising flight.

INADVERTENT FLIGHT INTO ICING CONDITIONS

Flight into icing conditions is prohibited and extremely dangerous. Aninadvertent encounter with these conditions can be resolved using thechecklist procedures. The best action is to turn back or change altitudeto escape icing conditions. Set the PITOT HEAT and PROP HEATswitches to the ON position until safely out of icing conditions.

During these encounters, an unexplained loss of manifold pressurecould be caused by ice blocking the air intake filter or in extremely rareinstances ice completely blocking the fuel injection air reference tubes.In either case, the throttle should be positioned to hold manifoldpressure (in some instances, the throttle may need to be retarded formaximum power). Adjust mixture as necessary for any change inpower settings.



GFC 700 AFCS

STATIC SOURCE BLOCKED

If erroneous readings of the static source instruments (airspeed,altimeter and vertical speed) are suspected, the alternate static sourceair valve (ALT STATIC AIR) should be pulled ON, thereby supplyingstatic pressure to these instruments from the cabin.

When the ALT STATIC AIR valve is ON, the maximum airspeedvariation from normal static source operation is 5 knots and themaximum altimeter variation is 50 feet with all windows closed. Refer toSection 5, Figure 5-1 (Sheet 2), Airspeed Calibration, and Figure 5-2,Altimeter Correction tables, for Alternate Static Source for additionaldetails.

SPINS

Intentional spins are prohibited in this airplane, but should aninadvertent spin occur, the following recovery procedure should beused:

1. RETARD THROTTLE TO IDLE POSITION.2. PLACE AILERONS IN NEUTRAL POSITION.3. APPLY AND HOLD FULL RUDDER OPPOSITE TO THE

DIRECTION OF ROTATION.4. JUST AFTER THE RUDDER REACHES THE STOP, MOVE THE

CONTROL WHEEL BRISKLY FORWARD FAR ENOUGH TOBREAK THE STALL. Full down elevator may be required at aftcenter of gravity loadings to assure optimum recoveries.

5. HOLD THESE CONTROL INPUTS UNTIL ROTATION STOPS.Premature relaxation of the control inputs may extend therecovery.

6. AS ROTATION STOPS, NEUTRALIZE RUDDER, AND MAKE ASMOOTH RECOVERY FROM THE RESULTING DIVE.

NOTE

If the rate of the spin makes determining the direction ofrotation difficult, the magenta turn rate indicator at the top ofthe HSI compass card will show the rate and direction ofthe turn. The HSI compass card will rotate in the oppositedirection. Hold opposite rudder to the turn vector direction.



ROUGH ENGINE OPERATION OR LOSS OF POWER

SPARK PLUG FOULING

A slight engine roughness in flight may be caused by one or more sparkplugs becoming fouled by carbon or lead deposits. This may be verifiedby turning the MAGNETOS switch momentarily from BOTH to either Lor R position. An obvious power loss in single magneto operation isevidence of spark plug or magneto trouble. Since spark plugs are themore likely cause, lean the mixture to the recommended lean setting forcruising flight. If the problem does not clear up in several minutes,determine if a richer mixture setting will produce smoother operation. Ifnot, proceed to the nearest airport for repairs using the BOTH positionof the MAGNETOS switch unless extreme roughness makes the use ofa single MAGNETO position necessary.

MAGNETO MALFUNCTION

Sudden engine roughness or misfiring is usually a sign of a magnetoproblem. Changing the MAGNETOS switch from BOTH to the L and Rswitch positions will identify which magneto is malfunctioning. Selectdifferent power settings and enrichen the mixture to determine ifcontinued operation on BOTH magnetos is possible. If not, change tothe good magneto and continue to the nearest airport for repairs.

ENGINE-DRIVEN FUEL PUMP FAILURE

Failure of the engine-driven fuel pump will be shown by a suddenreduction in the fuel flow indication (FFLOW GPH) immediately beforea loss of power while operating from a fuel tank containing adequatefuel.

If the engine-driven fuel pump fails, immediately set the FUEL PUMPswitch to the ON position to restore the engine power. The flight shouldbe terminated as soon as practical and the engine-driven fuel pumprepaired.




GFC 700 AFCS

ROUGH ENGINE OPERATION OR LOSS OF POWER(Continued)

EXCESSIVE FUEL VAPOR

Fuel vapor in the fuel injection system is most likely to occur on theground, typically during prolonged taxi operations, when operating athigher altitudes and/or in unusually warm temperatures.

Excessive fuel vapor accumulation is shown by fuel flow indicator(FFLOW GPH) fluctuations greater than 1 gal./hr. This condition, withleaner mixtures or with larger fluctuations, can result in power surges,and if not corrected, may cause power loss.

To slow vapor formation and stabilize fuel flow on the ground or in theair, set the FUEL PUMP switch to the ON position and adjust themixture as required for smooth engine operation. If vapor symptomscontinue, select the opposite fuel tank. When fuel flow stabilizes, setthe FUEL PUMP switch to the OFF position and adjust the mixture asdesired.

LOW OIL PRESSURE

If the low oil pressure annunciator (OIL PRESS) comes on, check theoil pressure indicator (OIL PRES on ENGINE page or OIL PSI onSYSTEM page) to confirm low oil pressure condition. If oil pressure andoil temperature (OIL TEMP on ENGINE page or OIL °F on SYSTEMpage) remain normal, it is possible that the oil pressure sending unit orrelief valve is malfunctioning. Land at the nearest airport to determinethe source of the problem.

If a total loss of oil pressure and a rise in oil temperature occur at aboutthe same time, it could mean that the engine is about to fail. Reducepower immediately and select a field suitable for a forced landing. Useonly the minimum power necessary to reach the landing site.




ROUGH ENGINE OPERATION OR LOSS OF POWER(Continued)

TURBOCHARGER FAILURE

The turbocharger system's purpose is to increase manifold pressureand thus engine power to a level higher than can be obtained without it.A failure of the system will cause either an overboost condition or somedegree of power loss. An overboost can be determined on the manifoldpressure indicator and can be controlled by a throttle reduction.

If the turbocharger failure results in power loss, it may be furthercomplicated by an overly rich mixture. This rich mixture condition maybe so severe as to cause a total power failure. Leaning the mixture mayrestore partial power. Partial or total power loss may also be caused byan exhaust leak. A landing should be made as soon as practical foreither an overboost or partial/total power loss.



GFC 700 AFCS

ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMMALFUNCTIONS

Malfunctions in the electrical power supply system can be detectedthrough regular monitoring of the main battery ammeter (M BATTAMPS) and the main electrical bus voltmeter (M BUS VOLTS);however, the cause of these malfunctions is usually difficult todetermine. A broken alternator drive belt, too much wear on thealternator brushes, or an error in wiring is most likely the cause ofalternator failures, although other factors could cause the problem. Adefective Alternator Control Unit (ACU) can also cause malfunctions.Problems of this nature constitute an electrical emergency and shouldbe dealt with immediately. Electrical power malfunctions usually fall intotwo categories: excessive rate of charge and insufficient rate of charge.The following paragraphs describe the recommended remedy for eachsituation.

EXCESSIVE RATE OF CHARGE

After engine starting and heavy electrical usage at low engine speeds(such as extended taxiing), the battery condition will be low enough toaccept above normal charging during the initial part of a flight.However, after thirty minutes of cruising flight, the main batteryammeter (M BATT AMPS) should be indicating less than 5 amps ofcharging (+) current. If the charging current remains above this valueon a long flight, the battery electrolyte could overheat and evaporate.

Electronic components in the electrical system can be adverselyaffected by higher than normal voltage. The ACU includes anovervoltage sensor circuit which will automatically disconnect thealternator if the charge voltage increases to more than approximately31.75 volts. If the overvoltage sensor circuit does not operate correctly,as shown by voltage more than 31.75 volts on the main battery busvoltmeter, the MASTER switch ALT section should be set to the OFFposition. Unnecessary electrical equipment should be de-energizedand the flight terminated as soon as practical.





INSUFFICIENT RATE OF CHARGE

When the overvoltage sensor circuit, or other fault, opens the alternator(ALT FIELD) circuit breaker and de-energizes the alternator, adischarge (-) current will be shown on the main battery ammeter andthe low voltage annunciator (LOW VOLTS) will come on. The ACU cande-energize the alternator due to minor disturbances in the electricalsystem, resulting in a nuisance opening of the ALT FIELD circuitbreaker. If this happens, an attempt should be made to energize thealternator system.

To energize the alternator system1. MASTER Switch (ALT Only) - OFF2. ALT FIELD Circuit Breaker - CHECK IN3. MASTER Switch (ALT Only) - ON

If the problem was a minor ACU disturbance in the electrical system,normal main battery charging will start. A charge (+) current will beshown on the main battery ammeter and the LOW VOLTS annunciatorwill go off.

If the LOW VOLTS annunciator comes on again, there is an alternatorsystem problem. Do not repeat steps to energize the alternator system.The electrical load on the battery must be minimized (by de-energizingnonessential electrical equipment and avionics) because the batterycan supply the electrical system for only a short time. Reduce electricalload as soon as possible to extend the life of the battery for landing.Land as soon as practical.




GFC 700 AFCS


INSUFFICIENT RATE OF CHARGE (Continued)

Main battery life can be extended by setting the MASTER switch (ALTand BAT) to OFF and operating the equipment on the ESS BUS fromthe standby battery. The standby battery is only capable of providingpower for systems on the essential bus and cannot provide power fortransponder (XPDR) operation. Main battery life should be extended,when practical, for possible later operation of the wing flaps and use ofthe landing light (at night).

NOTE

The LOW VOLTS annunciator can come on when theengine is operated at low RPM with a high electrical load.The LOW VOLTS annunciator will usually go off when theengine is operated at higher RPM for greater alternatorsystem output. Make sure that the M BATT AMPSindication shows positive (+) current at the higher RPM.



HIGH CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) LEVELANNUNCIATION

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless product of aninternal combustion engine and is always present in exhaust fumes.Even minute quantities of carbon monoxide breathed over a longperiod of time may lead to dire consequences. The symptoms ofcarbon monoxide poisoning are difficult to detect by the person affectedand may include blurred thinking, a feeling of uneasiness, dizziness,headache, and loss of consciousness.

The cabin heater system operates by allowing ambient air to flowthrough an exhaust shroud where it is heated before being ducted intothe cabin. If an exhaust leak, caused by a crack in the exhaust pipe,occurs in the area surrounded by this shroud it would allow exhaustfumes to mix with the heated ambient air being ducted into the cabin.Therefore, if anyone in the cabin smells exhaust fumes, experiencesany of the symptoms mentioned above, or the CO LVL HIGH warningannunciation comes on when using the cabin heater, immediately turnoff the cabin heater and preform the emergency items for HIGHCARBON MONOXIDE (CO) LEVEL.

When the CO detection system senses a CO level of 50 parts permillion (PPM) by volume or greater, the alarm turns on a flashingwarning annunciation CO LVL HIGH in the annunciation window on thePFD with a continuous tone until the PFD softkey below WARNING ispushed. It then remains on steady until the CO level drops below 50PPM and automatically resets the alarm.

OTHER EMERGENCIES

WINDSHIELD DAMAGE

If a bird strike or other incident should damage the windshield in flight tothe point of creating an opening, a significant loss in performance maybe expected. This loss may be minimized in some cases (depending onamount of damage, altitude, etc.) by opening the side windows whilethe airplane is maneuvered for a landing at the nearest airport. Ifairplane performance or other adverse conditions prevent landing at anairport, prepare for an off airport landing in accordance with thePrecautionary Landing With Engine Power or Ditching checklists.

U.S.T182TPHBUS-01 3-39/3-40

CESSNA SECTION 4MODEL T182T NAV III NORMAL PROCEDURES GFC 700 AFCS

NORMAL PROCEDURES


Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3

Airspeeds For Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3

NORMAL PROCEDURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4Preflight Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4

Cabin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5Empennage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6Right Wing Trailing Edge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6Right Wing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7Nose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8Left Wing Leading Edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-9Left Wing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-10Left Wing Trailing Edge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-10

Before Starting Engine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11Starting Engine (With Battery) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12Starting Engine (With External Power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-13Before Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-15Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-18

Normal Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-18Short Field Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-18

Enroute Climb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-19Normal Climb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-19Maximum Performance Climb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-19

Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-20Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-20Before Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-21Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-22

Normal Landing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-22Short Field Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-22Balked Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-22

After Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-23Securing Airplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23



SECTION 4 CESSNANORMAL PROCEDURES MODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS


AMPLIFIED NORMAL PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24Preflight Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24Starting Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

Recommended Starter Duty Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27Leaning For Ground Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27Taxiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28Before Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30

Warm Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30Magneto Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30Alternator Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30Elevator Trim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31Landing Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31

Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31Power Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31Wing Flap Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32Crosswind Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32

Enroute Climb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34

Leaning Using Turbine Inlet Temperature (T.I.T.). . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36Fuel Savings Procedures For Normal Operations . . . . . . . . . . . 4-39Fuel Vapor Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-40

Stalls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41Landing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42

Normal Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42Short Field Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42Crosswind Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43Balked Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43

Cold Weather Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44Starting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-45

Hot Weather Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47/4-48Noise Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47/4-48



INTRODUCTIONSection 4 provides procedures and amplified instructions for normaloperations using standard equipment. Normal procedures associatedwith optional systems can be found in Section 9, Supplements.

AIRSPEEDS FOR NORMAL OPERATIONUnless otherwise noted, the following speeds are based on a maximumweight of 3100 pounds and may be used for any lesser weight.

TAKEOFFNormal Climb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 - 80 KIASShort Field Takeoff, Flaps 20°, Speed at 50 Feet . . . . . . . . .60 KIAS

ENROUTE CLIMB, FLAPS UPNormal, Sea Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 - 100 KIASBest Rate of Climb, Sea Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84 KIASBest Rate of Climb, 20,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80 KIASBest Angle of Climb, Sea Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64 KIASBest Angle of Climb, 20,000 Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 KIAS

LANDING APPROACHNormal Approach, Flaps UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 - 80 KIASNormal Approach, Flaps FULL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 - 70 KIASShort Field Approach, Flaps FULL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 KIAS

BALKED LANDINGMaximum Power, Flaps 20° . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 KIAS

MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED TURBULENT AIRPENETRATION SPEED

3100 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 KIAS2600 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101 KIAS2100 POUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 KIAS

MAXIMUM DEMONSTRATED CROSSWIND VELOCITYTakeoff or Landing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 KNOTS



GFC 700 AFCS

NORMAL PROCEDURES

PREFLIGHT INSPECTION

NOTEVisually check airplane for general condition during walk-around inspection. Airplane should be parked in a normalground attitude (refer to Figure 1-1) to make sure that fueldrain valves allow for accurate sampling. Use of therefueling steps and assist handles will simplify access tothe upper wing surfaces for visual checks and refuelingopera t ions . In co ld weather, remove even smal laccumulations of frost, ice or snow from wing, tail andcontrol surfaces. Also, make sure that control surfacescontain no internal accumulations of ice or debris. Prior toflight, check that pitot heater is warm to touch within 30seconds with battery and pitot heat switches on. If a nightflight is planned, check operation of all lights, and makesure a flashlight is available.

Figure 4-1



PREFLIGHT INSPECTION (Continued)

1 CABIN1. Pitot Tube Cover - REMOVE (check for pitot blockage)2. Pilot's Operating Handbook - ACCESSIBLE TO PILOT3. Garmin G1000 Cockpit Reference Guide - ACCESSIBLE TO

PILOT4. Airplane Weight and Balance - CHECKED5. Parking Brake - SET6. Control Wheel Lock - REMOVE

WARNING

WHEN THE MASTER SWITCH IS ON, USING ANEXTERNAL POWER SOURCE, OR MANUALLYROTATING THE PROPELLER, TREAT THE PROPELLERAS IF THE MAGNETOS SWITCH WERE ON. DO NOTSTAND, NOR ALLOW ANYONE ELSE TO STAND,WITHIN THE ARC OF THE PROPELLER SINCE ALOOSE OR BROKEN WIRE, OR A COMPONENTMALFUNCTION, COULD CAUSE THE ENGINE TOSTART.

7. MAGNETOS Switch - OFF8. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2) - OFF9. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - ON10. Primary Flight Display (PFD) - CHECK (verify PFD is ON)11. FUEL QTY (L and R) - CHECK12. LOW FUEL L and LOW FUEL R Annunciators - CHECK (verify

annunciators are not shown on PFD)13. OIL PRESSURE Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is

shown)14. LOW VACUUM Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is

shown)15. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1) - ON16. Forward Avionics Fan - CHECK (verify fan is heard)




GFC 700 AFCS


1 CABIN (Continued)17. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1) - OFF18. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 2) - ON19. Aft Avionics Fan - CHECK (verify fan is heard)20. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 2) - OFF21. PITOT HEAT Switch - ON (carefully check that pitot tube is

warm to the touch within 30 seconds)22. PITOT HEAT Switch - OFF23. Stall Warning System - CHECK (gently move the stall vane

upward and verify that the stall warning horn is heard)24. LOW VOLTS Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is

shown)25. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF26. Elevator and Rudder Trim Controls - TAKEOFF position27. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - BOTH28. ALT STATIC AIR Valve - OFF (push full in)29. Oxygen Supply Pressure - CHECK30. Oxygen Masks - CHECK31. Fire Extinguisher - CHECK (verify gage pointer in green arc)

2 EMPENNAGE1. Baggage Compartment Door - CHECK (lock with key)2. Rudder Gust Lock (if installed) - REMOVE3. Tail Tiedown - DISCONNECT4. Control Surfaces - CHECK (freedom of movement and security)5. Trim Tabs - CHECK (security)6. Antennas - CHECK (security of attachment and general

condition)

3RIGHT WING Trailing Edge1. Flap - CHECK (security and condition)2. Aileron - CHECK (freedom of movement and security)





4 RIGHT WING1. Wing Tiedown - DISCONNECT2. Fuel Tank Vent Opening - CHECK (verify opening is clear)3. Main Wheel Tire - CHECK (proper inflation and general

condition (weather checks, tread depth and wear, etc.))4. Fuel Tank Sump Quick Drain Valves - DRAIN

Drain at least a cupful of fuel (using sampler cup) from eachsump location to check for water, sediment, and proper fuelgrade before each flight and after each refueling. If water isobserved, take further samples until clear and then gently rockwings and lower tail to the ground to move any additionalcontaminants to the sampling points. Take repeated samplesfrom all fuel drain points until all contamination has beenremoved. If contaminants are still present, refer to WARNINGbelow and do not fly airplane.

NOTECollect all sampled fuel in a safe container. Dispose of thesampled fuel so that it does not cause a nuisance, hazardor damage to the environment.

WARNING

IF, AFTER REPEATED SAMPLING, EVIDENCE OFCONTAMINATION STILL EXISTS, THE AIRPLANESHOULD NOT BE FLOWN. TANKS SHOULD BEDRAINED AND SYSTEM PURGED BY QUALIFIEDMAINTENANCE PERSONNEL. ALL EVIDENCE OFCONTAMINATION MUST BE REMOVED BEFOREFURTHER FLIGHT.

5. Fuel Quantity - CHECK VISUALLY (for desired level)6. Fuel Filler Cap - SECURE and VENT CLEAR




GFC 700 AFCS


5 NOSE1. Static Source Opening (right side of fuselage) - CHECK (verify

opening is clear)2. Fuel Strainer Quick Drain Valve (located on lower right side of

engine cowling) - DRAINDrain at least a cupful of fuel (using sampler cup) from valve tocheck for water, sediment, and proper fuel grade before eachflight and after each refueling. If water is observed, take furthersamples until clear and then gently rock wings and lower tail tothe ground to move any additional contaminants to the samplingpoints. Take repeated samples from all fuel drain points,including the fuel return line and fuel selector, until allcontamination has been removed. If contaminants are stillpresent, refer to WARNING below and do not fly the airplane.

NOTECollect all sampled fuel in a safe container. Dispose of thesampled fuel so that it does not cause a nuisance, hazard,or damage to the environment.

WARNING


3. Engine Cooling Air Inlets - CHECK (clear of obstructions)





5 NOSE (Continued)4. Propeller and Spinner - CHECK (for nicks, security and no red

oil leaks)

NOTEMinor leaking of the blade seal area is possible on newpropellers as the seals wear in. Any initial leakage will bevisible as minor streaking on the blade or blades. Clean offoil residue and cycle propeller at least 5 times. Oil leakageshould be reduced or completely stopped. If minor leakingcontinues after 20 hours of operation or increases removepropeller and have repaired.

5. Air Filter - CHECK (for restrictions by dust or other foreignmatter)

6. Nosewheel Strut and Tire - CHECK (proper inflation of strut andgeneral condition of tire (weather checks, tread depth and wear,etc.))

7. Engine Oil Dipstick/Filler Cap:a. Oil level - CHECK b. Dipstick/filler cap - SECURE

NOTEDo not operate with less than 4 quarts. Fill to 9 quarts forextended flight.

8. Static Source Opening (left side of fuselage) - CHECK (verifyopening is clear)

6 LEFT WING Leading Edge1. Fuel Tank Vent Opening - CHECK (blockage)2. Stall Warning Vane - CHECK (freedom of movement)3. Landing/Taxi Light(s) - CHECK (condition and cleanliness of

cover)




GFC 700 AFCS


7 LEFT WING1. Wing Tiedown - DISCONNECT2. Fuel Quantity - CHECK VISUALLY (for desired level)3. Fuel Filler Cap - SECURE and VENT CLEAR4. Fuel Tank Sump Quick Drain Valves - DRAIN

Drain at least a cupful of fuel (using sampler cup) from eachsump location to check for water, sediment, and proper fuelgrade before each flight and after each refueling. If water isobserved, take further samples until clear and then gently rockwings and lower tail to the ground to move any additionalcontaminants to the sampling points. Take repeated samplesfrom all fuel drain points until all contamination has beenremoved. If contaminants are still present, refer to WARNINGbelow and do not fly airplane.

NOTECollect all sampled fuel in a safe container. Dispose of thesampled fuel so that it does not cause a nuisance, hazard,or damage to the environment.

WARNING


5. Main Wheel Tire - CHECK (proper inflation and generalcondition (weather checks, tread depth and wear, etc.))

8 LEFT WING Trailing Edge1. Aileron - CHECK (freedom of movement and security)2. Flap - CHECK (security and condition)



BEFORE STARTING ENGINE1. Preflight Inspection - COMPLETE2. Passenger Briefing - COMPLETE3. Seats and Seat Belts - ADJUST and LOCK (verify inertia reel

locking)4. Brakes - TEST and SET5. Circuit Breakers - CHECK IN6. Electrical Equipment - OFF7. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2) - OFF

CAUTIONTHE AVIONICS SWITCH (BUS 1 AND BUS 2) MUST BEOFF DURING ENGINE START TO PREVENT POSSIBLEDAMAGE TO AVIONICS.

8. Cowl Flaps - OPEN9. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - BOTH



GFC 700 AFCS

STARTING ENGINE (With Battery)1. Throttle Control - OPEN 1/4 INCH2. Propeller Control - HIGH RPM (push full in)3. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)4. STBY BATT Switch:

a. TEST - (hold for 20 seconds, verify that green TEST lampdoes not go off)

b. ARM - (verify that PFD comes on)5. Engine Indicating System - CHECK PARAMETERS (verify no

red X's through ENGINE page indicators)6. BUS E Volts - CHECK (verify 24 VOLTS minimum shown)7. M BUS Volts - CHECK (verify 1.5 VOLTS or less shown)8. BATT S Amps - CHECK (verify discharge shown (negative))9. STBY BATT Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is shown)10. Propeller Area - CLEAR (verify that all people and equipment

are at a safe distance from the propeller)11. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - ON12. BEACON Light Switch - ON

NOTEIf engine is warm, omit priming procedure steps 13 thru 15below.

13. FUEL PUMP Switch - ON14. Mixture Control - SET to FULL RICH (full forward) until stable

fuel flow is indicated (approximately 3 to 5 seconds), then set toIDLE CUTOFF (full aft) position.

15. FUEL PUMP Switch - OFF16. MAGNETOS Switch - START (release when engine starts)17. Mixture Control - ADVANCE SMOOTHLY TO RICH (when

engine starts)

NOTEIf the engine is primed too much (flooded), place themixture control in the IDLE CUTOFF position, open thethrottle control 1/2 to full, and engage the starter motor(START). When the engine starts, advance the mixturecontrol to the FULL RICH position and retard the throttlecontrol promptly.




STARTING ENGINE (With Battery) (Continued)18. Oil Pressure - CHECK (verify that oil pressure increases into the

GREEN BAND range in 30 to 60 seconds)19. AMPS (M BATT and BATT S) - CHECK (verify charge shown

(positive))20. LOW VOLTS Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is not

shown)21. NAV Light Switch - ON as required22. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2) - ON

STARTING ENGINE (With External Power)1. Throttle Control - OPEN 1/4 INCH2. Propeller Control - HIGH RPM (push full in)3. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)4. STBY BATT Switch:

a. TEST - (hold for 20 seconds, verify green TEST lamp doesnot go off)

b. ARM - (verify that PFD comes on)5. Engine Indication System - CHECK PARAMETERS (verify no

red X's through ENGINE page indicators)6. BUS E Volts - CHECK (verify 24 VOLTS minimum shown)7. M BUS Volts - CHECK (verify 1.5 VOLTS or less shown)8. BATT S Amps - CHECK (verify discharge shown (negative))9. STBY BATT Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is shown)10. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2) - OFF11. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF12. Propeller Area - CLEAR (verify that all people and equipment

are at a safe distance from the propeller)13. External Power - CONNECT (to ground power receptacle)14. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - ON15. BEACON Light Switch - ON16. M BUS VOLTS - CHECK (verify that approximately 28 VOLTS is

shown)

NOTEIf engine is warm, omit priming procedure steps 17 thru 19below.

17. FUEL PUMP Switch - ON




GFC 700 AFCS

STARTING ENGINE (With External Power) (Continued)18. Mixture Control - SET to FULL RICH (full forward) until stable

fuel flow is indicated (approximately 3 to 5 seconds), then set toIDLE CUTOFF (full aft) position.

19. FUEL PUMP Switch - OFF20. MAGNETOS Switch - START (release when engine starts)21. Mixture Control - ADVANCE SMOOTHLY TO RICH (when

engine starts)

NOTEIf the engine is primed too much (flooded), place themixture control in the IDLE CUTOFF position, open thethrottle control 1/2 to full, and engage the starter motor(START). When the engine starts, advance the mixturecontrol to the FULL RICH position and retard the throttlecontrol promptly.

22. Oil Pressure - CHECK (verify oil pressure increases into theGREEN BAND range in 30 to 60 seconds)

23. Power - REDUCE TO IDLE24. External Power - DISCONNECT FROM GROUND POWER

(latch external power receptacle door)25. Power - INCREASE (to approximately 1500 RPM for several

minutes to charge battery)26. AMPS (M BATT and BATT S) - CHECK (verify charge shown

(positive))27. LOW VOLTS Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is not

shown)28. Internal Power - CHECK

a. MASTER Switch (ALT) - OFFb. TAXI and LAND Light Switches - ONc. Throttle Control - REDUCE TO IDLEd. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - ONe. Throttle Control - INCREASE (to approximately 1500 RPM)f. M BATT Ammeter - CHECK (verify battery charging, amps

positive)g. LOW VOLTS Annunciator - CHECK (verify annunciator is

not shown)




STARTING ENGINE (With External Power) (Continued)

WARNING

IF M BATT AMMETER DOES NOT SHOW POSITIVECHARGE (+ AMPS), OR LOW VOLTS ANNUNCIATORDOES NOT GO OFF, REMOVE THE BATTERY FROMTHE AIRPLANE AND SERVICE OR REPLACE THEBATTERY BEFORE FLIGHT.

29. NAV Light Switch - ON (as required)30. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2) - ON

BEFORE TAKEOFF1. Parking Brake - SET2. Pilot and Passenger Seat Backs - MOST UPRIGHT POSITION3. Seats and Seat Belts - CHECK SECURE4. Cabin Doors - CLOSED and LOCKED5. Flight Controls - FREE and CORRECT6. Flight Instruments (PFD) - CHECK (no red X's)7. Altimeters:

a. PFD (BARO) - SETb. Standby Altimeter - SET

8. ALT SEL - SET9. Standby Flight Instruments - CHECK10. Fuel Quantity - CHECK (verify level is correct)

NOTEFlight is not recommended when both fuel quantityindicators are in the yellow band range.

11. Mixture Control - RICH12. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - SET BOTH13. Autopilot - ENGAGE (push AP button on either PFD or MFD

bezel)14. Flight Controls - CHECK (verify autopilot can be overpowered in

both pitch and roll axes)




GFC 700 AFCS

BEFORE TAKEOFF (Continued)15. A/P TRIM DISC Button - PRESS (verify autopilot disengages

and aural alert is heard)16. Flight Director - OFF (push FD button on either PFD or MFD

bezel)17. Elevator and Rudder Trim Controls - SET FOR TAKEOFF18. Throttle Control - 1800 RPM

a. MAGNETOS Switch - CHECK (RPM drop should notexceed 175 RPM on either magneto or 50 RPM differentialbetween magnetos)

b. Propeller Control - CYCLE (from high to low RPM; return tohigh RPM) (push full in)

c. VAC Indicator - CHECKd. Engine Indicators - CHECKe. Ammeters and Voltmeters - CHECK

19. Annunciators - CHECK (verify no annunciators are shown)20. Throttle Control - CHECK IDLE21. Throttle Control - 1000 RPM or LESS22. Throttle Control Friction Lock - ADJUST23. COM Frequency(s) - SET24. NAV Frequency(s) - SET25. FMS/GPS Flight Plan - AS DESIRED

NOTECheck GPS availability on AUX-GPS STATUS page. Noannunciation is provided for loss of GPS2.

26. XPDR - SET




BEFORE TAKEOFF (Continued)27. CDI Softkey - SELECT NAV SOURCE

CAUTIONTHE G1000 HSI SHOWS A COURSE DEVIATIONINDICATOR FOR THE SELECTED GPS, NAV 1 OR NAV 2NAVIGATION SOURCE. THE G1000 HSI DOES NOTPROVID E A WARN IN G FLAG W HEN A VAL IDNAVIGATION SIGNAL IS NOT BEING SUPPLIED TO THEINDICATOR. WHEN A VALID NAVIGATION SIGNAL ISNOT BEING SUPPLIED, THE COURSE DEVIATION BAR(D-BAR) PART OF THE INDICATOR IS NOT SHOWN ONTHE HSI COMPASS CARD. THE MISSING D-BAR ISCONSIDERED TO BE THE WARNING FLAG.

WARNING

WHEN THE AUTOPILOT IS ENGAGED IN NAV, APR ORBC OPERATING MODES, IF THE HSI NAVIGATIONSOURCE IS CHANGED MANUALLY, USING THE CDISOFTKEY, THE CHANGE WILL INTERRUPT THENAVIGATION SIGNAL TO THE AUTOPILOT AND WILLCAUSE THE AUTOPILOT TO REVERT TO ROL MODEOPERATION. NO AURAL ALERT WILL BE PROVIDED.IN ROL MODE, THE AUTOPILOT WILL ONLY KEEP THEWINGS LEVEL AND WILL NOT CORRECT THEAIRPLANE HEADING OR COURSE. SET THE HDG BUGTO THE CORRECT HEADING AND SELECT THECORRECT NAVIGATION SOURCE ON THE HSI, USINGTHE CDI SOFTKEY, BEFORE ENGAGING THEAUTOPILOT IN ANY OTHER OPERATING MODE.

28. CABIN PWR 12V Switch - OFF29. Wing Flaps - UP - 20° (10° preferred)30. Cowl Flaps - OPEN31. Cabin Windows - CLOSED and LOCKED32. STROBE Light Switch - ON33. Brakes - RELEASE



GFC 700 AFCS

TAKEOFF

NORMAL TAKEOFF1. Wing Flaps - UP - 20° (10° preferred)2. Throttle Control - 32 in.hg.3. Propeller Control - 2400 RPM4. Mixture Control - ADJUST (to 24 GPH fuel flow)5. Elevator Control - LIFT NOSEWHEEL (at 50 - 60 KIAS)6. Climb Airspeed -70 KIAS (FLAPS 20°)

80 KIAS (FLAPS UP)7. Wing Flaps - RETRACT (at safe altitude)

SHORT FIELD TAKEOFF1. Wing Flaps - 20°2. Brakes - APPLY3. Throttle Control - FULL (push full in)4. Propeller Control - 2400 RPM5. Mixture Control - ADJUST (to 24 GPH fuel flow)6. Brakes - RELEASE7. Elevator Control - SLIGHTLY TAIL LOW8. Climb Airspeed - 60 KIAS (until all obstacles are cleared)9. Wing Flaps - RETRACT SLOWLY (when airspeed is more than

70 KIAS)



ENROUTE CLIMB

NORMAL CLIMB1. Airspeed - 90 - 100 KIAS2. Throttle Control - 25 in.hg.3. Propeller Control - 2400 RPM4. Mixture Control - 16 GPH5. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - BOTH6. Cowl Flaps - OPEN (as required)7. Oxygen Control Lever - ON (as required)

NOTE Check masks for proper flow and fit.

MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE CLIMB1. Airspeed - 84 KIAS at sea level

80 KIAS at 20,000 feet2. Throttle Control - 32 in.hg.3. Propeller Control - 2400 RPM4. Mixture Control - 24 GPH5. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - BOTH6. Cowl Flaps - OPEN7. Oxygen Control Lever - ON (as required)

NOTE Check masks for proper flow and fit.



GFC 700 AFCS

CRUISE1. Power:

Sea Level - 15,000 feet 15 - 28 in.hg. at 2000 - 2400 RPM15,000 feet - 20,000 feet 15 - 27 in.hg. at 2000 - 2400 RPM

2. Elevator and Rudder Trim Controls - ADJUST3. Mixture Control - LEAN (for desired performance or economy)4. Cowl Flaps - CLOSED5. Oxygen Supply Pressure - MONITOR QUANTITY (if in use)

NOTECheck passengers for adequate supply periodically duringflight.

6. FMS/GPS - REVIEW and BRIEF (OBS/SUSP softkey operationfor holding pattern procedure (IFR))

DESCENT1. Power - AS DESIRED2. Mixture - ADJUST (if necessary to make engine run smoothly)3. Cowl Flaps - CLOSED4. Altimeters:

a. PFD (BARO) - SETb. Standby Altimeter - SET

5. ALT SEL - SET6. CDI Softkey - SELECT NAV SOURCE7. FMS/GPS - REVIEW and BRIEF (OBS/SUSP softkey operation

for holding pattern procedure (IFR))

CAUTIONTHE G1000 HSI SHOWS A COURSE DEVIATIONINDICATOR FOR THE SELECTED GPS, NAV 1 OR NAV 2NAVIGATION SOURCE. THE G1000 HSI DOES NOTPROVIDE A WARNING FLA G WHEN A VA LIDNAVIGATION SIGNAL IS NOT BEING SUPPLIED TO THEINDICATOR. WHEN A VALID NAVIGATION SIGNAL ISNOT BEING SUPPLIED, THE COURSE DEVIATION BAR(D-BAR) PART OF THE INDICATOR IS NOT SHOWN ONTHE HSI COMPASS CARD. THE MISSING D-BAR ISCONSIDERED TO BE THE WARNING FLAG.




DESCENT (Continued)

WARNING


8. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - BOTH9. Wing Flaps - AS DESIRED(UP - 10° below 140 KIAS)

(10° - 20° below 120 KIAS)(20° - FULL below 100 KIAS)

BEFORE LANDING1. Pilot and Passenger Seat Backs - MOST UPRIGHT POSITION2. Seats and Seat Belts - SECURED and LOCKED3. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - BOTH4. Mixture Control - RICH5. Propeller Control - HIGH RPM (push full in)6. LAND and TAXI Light Switches - ON7. Autopilot - OFF 8. CABIN PWR 12V Switch - OFF



GFC 700 AFCS

LANDING

NORMAL LANDING1. Airspeed - 70 - 80 KIAS (Flaps UP)2. Wing Flaps - AS DESIRED (UP - 10° below 140 KIAS)

(10° - 20° below 120 KIAS) (20° - FULL below 100 KIAS)

3. Airspeed - 60 - 70 KIAS (Flaps FULL)4. Elevator and Rudder Trim Controls - ADJUST5. Touchdown - MAIN WHEELS FIRST6. Landing Roll - LOWER NOSEWHEEL GENTLY7. Braking - MINIMUM REQUIRED

SHORT FIELD LANDING1. Airspeed - 70 - 80 KIAS (Flaps UP)2. Wing Flaps - FULL (below 100 KIAS)3. Airspeed - 60 KIAS (until flare)4. Elevator and Rudder Trim Controls - ADJUST5. Power - REDUCE TO IDLE (as obstacle is cleared)6. Touchdown - MAIN WHEELS FIRST7. Brakes - APPLY HEAVILY8. Wing Flaps - UP

BALKED LANDING1. Throttle Control - 32 in.hg. and 2400 RPM2. Wing Flaps - RETRACT to 20°3. Climb Speed - 55 KIAS4. Wing Flaps - RETRACT SLOWLY (after reaching a safe altitude

and 70 KIAS)5. Cowl Flaps - OPEN



AFTER LANDING1. Wing Flaps - UP2. Cowl Flaps - OPEN

SECURING AIRPLANE1. Parking Brake - SET2. Throttle Control - IDLE (pull full out)3. Electrical Equipment - OFF4. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2) - OFF5. Mixture Control - IDLE CUTOFF (pull full out)6. MAGNETOS Switch - OFF7. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF8. STBY BATT Switch - OFF9. Control Lock - INSTALL10. FUEL SELECTOR Valve - LEFT or RIGHT (to prevent

crossfeeding between tanks)11. OXYGEN Control Lever - OFF



GFC 700 AFCS

AMPLIFIED NORMAL PROCEDURES

PREFLIGHT INSPECTIONThe preflight inspection, described in Figure 4-1 and adjacent checklist,is required prior to each flight. If the airplane has been in extendedstorage, has had recent major maintenance, or has been operated fromrough runways, a more extensive exterior inspection is recommended.

Before every flight, check the condition of main and nose landing geartires. Keep tires inflated to the pressure specified in Section 8, AirplaneHandling, Service And Maintenance. Examine tire sidewalls forpatterns of shallow cracks called weather checks. These cracks areevidence of tire deterioration caused by age, improper storage, orprolonged exposure to weather. Check the tread of the tire for depth,wear, and cuts. Replace the tire if fibers are visible.

After major maintenance has been performed, the flight and trim tabcontrols should be double checked for free and correct movement andsecurity. The security of all inspection plates on the airplane should bechecked following periodic inspections. If the airplane has been waxedor polished, check the external static pressure source hole forstoppage.

If the airplane has been kept in a crowded hangar, it should be checkedfor dents and scratches on wings, fuselage, and tail surfaces, damageto navigation, strobe lights, and avionics antennas. Check for damageto the nosewheel steering system, the result of exceeding nosewheelturning limits while towing.





Outside storage for long periods may result in dust and dirtaccumulation on the induction air filter, obstructions in airspeed systemlines, water contaminants in fuel tanks, and insect/bird/rodent nests inany opening. If any water is detected in the fuel system, the fuel tanksump quick drain valves, fuel return line quick drain valve, and fuelstrainer quick drain valve should all be thoroughly drained again. Thewings should then be gently rocked and the tail lowered to the groundto move any further contaminants to the sampling points. Repeatedsamples should then be taken at all quick drain points until allcontamination has been removed. If, after repeated sampling, evidenceof contamination still exists, the fuel tanks should be completely drainedand the fuel system cleaned.

If the airplane has been stored outside in windy or gusty areas, or tieddown adjacent to taxiing airplanes, special attention should be paid tocontrol surface stops, hinges, and brackets to detect the presence ofpotential wind damage.

If the airplane has been operated from muddy fields or in snow or slush,check the main and nose gear wheel fairings for obstructions andcleanliness. Operation from a gravel or cinder field will require extraattention to propeller tips and abrasion on leading edges of thehorizontal tail. Stone damage to the propeller can seriously reduce thefatigue life of the blades.

Airplanes that are operated from rough fields, especially at highaltitudes, are subjected to abnormal landing gear abuse. Frequentlycheck all components of the landing gear, shock strut, tires, andbrakes. If the shock strut is insufficiently extended, undue landing andtaxi loads will be subjected to the airplane structure.

To prevent loss of fuel in flight, make sure the fuel tank filler caps aretightly sealed after any fuel system check or servicing. Fuel systemvents should also be inspected for obstructions, ice or water, especiallyafter exposure to cold, wet weather.

Prior to flight, verify there is an adequate oxygen supply for the tripintended, by noting the oxygen pressure gage reading, and referring toSection 7, Figure 7-10, Oxygen Duration Chart. Also check that theface masks and hoses are readily accessible and in good workingcondition.



GFC 700 AFCS

STARTING ENGINEIn cooler weather, the engine compartment temperature drops offrapidly following engine shutdown and the injector nozzle lines remainnearly full of fuel.

In warmer weather, engine compartment temperatures may increaserapidly following engine shutdown, and fuel in the lines will vaporizeand escape into the intake manifold. Hot weather starting proceduresdepend considerably on how soon the next engine start is attempted.Within the first 20 to 30 minutes after shutdown, the fuel manifold isadequately primed and the empty injector nozzle lines will fill before theengine dies. However, after approximately 30 minutes, the vaporizedfuel in the manifold will have nearly dissipated and some slight primingcould be required to refill the nozzle lines and keep the engine runningafter the initial start. Starting a hot engine is facilitated by advancing themixture control promptly to 1/3 open when the engine starts, and thensmoothly to full rich as power develops.

If the engine does not continue to run, set the FUEL PUMP switch tothe ON position temporarily and adjust the throttle and/or mixture asnecessary to keep the engine running. In the event of over priming orflooding, set the FUEL PUMP switch to OFF, open the throttle from 1/2to full open, and continue cranking with the mixture in the idle CUTOFFposition (pull full out). When the engine fires, smoothly advance themixture control to full rich and retard the throttle to desired idle speed.

If the engine is under primed (most likely in cold weather with a coldengine), it will not start at all, and additional priming will be necessary.

After starting, if the oil pressure gage does not begin to show pressurewithin 30 seconds in warmer temperatures and approximately oneminute in very cold weather, stop the engine and find the cause beforecontinued operation. Lack of oil pressure can cause serious enginedamage.

NOTEAdditional details concerning cold weather starting andoperat ion may be found under COLD WEATHEROPERATION paragraphs in this section.




STARTING ENGINE (Continued)

RECOMMENDED STARTER DUTY CYCLE

Operate the starter motor for 10 seconds followed by a 20 second cooldown period. This cycle can be repeated two additional times, followedby a ten minute cool down period before resuming cranking. After cooldown, operate the starter motor again, three cycles of 10 secondsfollowed by 20 seconds of cool down. If the engine still does not start,try to find the cause.

LEANING FOR GROUND OPERATIONSFor all ground operations, after starting the engine and when theengine is running smoothly:

1. Set the throttle control to 1200 RPM.2. Lean the mixture for maximum RPM.3. Set the throttle control to an RPM appropriate for ground

operations (800 to 1000 RPM recommended).

NOTEIf ground operation will be required after the BEFORETAKEOFF checklist is completed, lean the mixture again(as described above) unti l ready for the TAKEOFFchecklist.




GFC 700 AFCS

TAXIINGWhen taxiing, it is important that speed and use of brakes be held to aminimum and that all controls be utilized (refer to Figure 4-2, TaxiingDiagram) to maintain directional control and balance.

Taxiing over loose gravel or cinders should be done at low enginespeed to avoid abrasion and stone damage to the propeller tips.

NOTEThe LOW VOLTS annunciator may come on when theengine is operated at low RPM with a high load on theelectrical system. If this is the case, the LOW VOLTSannunciator will go off when the engine is run at higherRPM to provide greater alternator system output. Verify thatthe M BATT AMPS indication shows positive (charging)current at the higher RPM.




TAXIING (Continued)

TAXIING DIAGRAM

NOTEStrong quartering tail winds require caution. Avoid suddenbursts of the throttle and sharp braking when the airplane isin this attitude. Use the steerable nosewheel and rudder tomaintain direction.

Figure 4-2



GFC 700 AFCS

BEFORE TAKEOFF

WARM UP

If the engine idles (approximately 650 RPM) and accelerates smoothly,the engine is warm enough for takeoff. Takeoff with turbochargedengines should not be started if indicated lubricating oil pressure, dueto cold temperature, is above maximum. Excessive oil pressure cancause the turbocharger control system to exceed or overboostallowable manifold pressure and result in engine damage. Since theengine is closely cowled for efficient in-flight engine cooling, the cowlflaps should be open and the airplane pointed into the wind to avoidoverheating during prolonged engine operation on the ground. Longperiods of idling may cause fouled spark plugs.

MAGNETO CHECK

The magneto check must be made at 1800 RPM. Turn theMAGNETOS switch from the BOTH position to the R position. Note thenew RPM, then turn the MAGNETOS switch back to the BOTH positionto clear the spark plugs. Turn the MAGNETOS switch to the L position,note the new RPM, then turn the switch back to the BOTH position.RPM decrease should not be more than 175 RPM on either magneto orbe greater than 50 RPM differential between magnetos. If there is adoubt concerning operation of the ignition system, RPM checks athigher engine speeds will usually confirm whether a deficiency exists.

No RPM drop may indicate a faulty ground to one magneto or magnetotiming set in advance of the angle specified.

ALTERNATOR CHECK

Make sure that both the alternator and alternator control unit areoperating properly before night or instrument flight, or flights whereelectrical power is essential. Check the electrical system during theMAGNETO check (1800 RPM) by setting all electrical equipmentrequired for the flight to the ON position. When the alternator andalternator control unit are both operating properly, the ammeters willshow zero or positive current (amps), the voltmeters should showbetween 27 to 29 volts, and no electrical system annunciations willappear. Reduce the electrical load before reducing engine speed so thebattery will not discharge while the engine is at idle.




BEFORE TAKEOFF (Continued)

ELEVATOR TRIM

The elevator trim tab is in the takeoff position when the trim pointer isaligned with the index mark on the pedestal cover. Adjust the trimwheel during flight as necessary to make control wheel forces moreneutral.

LANDING LIGHTS

It is recommended that only the taxi light be used to enhance thevisibility of the airplane in the traffic pattern or enroute. This will extendthe service life of the landing light.

TAKEOFF

POWER CHECK

It is important to check full throttle engine operation early in the takeoffroll. Any sign of rough engine operation or sluggish engine accelerationis good cause for discontinuing the takeoff. If this occurs, you arejustified in making a thorough full throttle static run-up before anothertakeoff is attempted. The engine should run smoothly and turnapproximately 2350 - 2400 RPM.

Full throttle run-ups over loose gravel are especially harmful topropeller tips. When takeoffs must be made over a gravel surface,advance the throttle slowly. This allows the airplane to start rollingbefore high RPM is developed, and the gravel will be blown behind thepropeller rather than pulled into it.

On the first flight of the day when the throttle is advanced for takeoff,manifold pressure will normally exceed 32 in.hg. and fuel flows willexceed 24 GPH if the throttle is opened fully. On any takeoff, themanifold pressure should be monitored and the throttle set to provide32 in.hg.; then, for maximum engine power, the mixture should beadjusted as required, during the initial takeoff roll to 24 GPH fuel flow.




GFC 700 AFCS

TAKEOFF (Continued)

POWER CHECK (Continued)

After full throttle is applied, adjust the throttle friction lock clockwise toprevent the throttle from moving back from a maximum power position.Similar friction lock adjustments should be made as required in otherflight conditions to hold the throttle setting.

WING FLAP SETTINGS

Normal takeoffs use wing flaps UP - 20° (10° preferred). Using 20° wingflaps reduces the ground roll and total distance over an obstacle byapproximately 20 percent. Flap deflections greater than 20° are notapproved for takeoff. If 20° wing flaps are used for takeoff, the flapsshould stay at 20° until all obstacles are cleared and a safe flapretraction speed of 70 KIAS is reached. For a short field, 20° wing flapsand an obstacle clearance speed of 60 KIAS should be used.

Soft or rough field takeoffs are performed with 20° flaps by lifting theairplane off the ground as soon as practical in a slightly tail low attitude.If no obstacles are ahead, the airplane should be leveled offimmediately to accelerate to a higher climb speed. When departing asoft field with an aft C.G. loading, the elevator trim control should beadjusted towards the nose down direction to give comfortable controlwheel forces during the initial climb.

CROSSWIND TAKEOFF

Takeoffs under strong crosswind conditions normally are performedwith the minimum flap setting necessary for the field length, to minimizethe drift angle immediately after takeoff. With the ailerons partiallydeflected into the wind, the airplane is accelerated to a speed slightlyhigher than normal, then the elevator control is used to quickly, butcarefully, lift the airplane off the ground and to prevent possible settlingback to the runway while drifting. When clear of the ground, make acoordinated turn into the wind to correct for drift.



ENROUTE CLIMBPower settings for a best rate of climb profile using MaximumContinuous Power (MCP) must be limited to 32 in.hg. manifoldpressure, 2400 RPM and 24 GPH fuel flow.

Normal enroute climbs are performed with flaps up, at 25 in.hg.manifold pressure, 2400 RPM, 16 GPH fuel flow, and 90 to 100 KIASfor the best combination of performance, visibility, engine cooling,economy and passenger comfort (due to lower noise level). However,MCP power settings may be used for increased climb performance, asdesired.

If it is necessary to climb more rapidly to clear mountains or reachfavorable winds at higher altitudes, the best rate of climb speed shouldbe used with MCP. This speed is 84 KIAS at sea level, decreasing to 80KIAS at 20,000 feet.

If an obstruction dictates the use of a steep climb angle, the best angleof climb speed should be used with flaps up and maximum power. Thisspeed is 64 KIAS at sea level, increasing to 68 KIAS at 20,000 feet.This type of climb should be of the minimum duration and enginetemperatures should be carefully monitored due to the low climb speed.



GFC 700 AFCS

CRUISENormal cruise is performed between 55% and 88% (sea level to 15,000feet) and 55% and 83% (15,000 - 20,000 feet) of the rated MCP.However, any power setting within the green arc ranges on themanifold pressure indicator and tachometer may be used. The powersetting and corresponding fuel consumption for various altitudes can bedetermined by using the data in Section 5.

CAUTIONCRUISE POWER SETTINGS ABOVE 27 IN.HG. WHENOPERATING AT OR ABOVE 15,000 FEET ARE NOTAPPROVED.

NOTECruise flight should use 65 to 85% power as much aspossible until the engine has operated for a total of 50hours or oil consumption has stabilized. Operation at thishigher power will ensure proper seating of the piston ringsand is applicable to new engines, and engines in servicefollowing cylinder replacement or top overhaul of one ormore cylinders.

The Cruise Performance charts in Section 5 provide the pilot with flightplanning information for the Model T182T in still air with speed fairingsinstalled. Power, altitude, and winds determine the time and fuelneeded to complete any flight.

The Cruise Performance Table, Figure 4-3, shows the true airspeedand nautical miles per gallon during cruise for various altitudes andpercent powers, and is based on standard conditions and zero wind.This table should be used as a guide, along with the available windsaloft information, to determine the most favorable altitude and powersetting for a given trip. The selection of cruise altitude on the basis ofthe most favorable wind conditions and the use of low power settingsare significant factors that should be considered on every trip to reducefuel consumption.




CRUISE (Continued)

For reduced noise levels, it is desirable to select the lowest RPM in thegreen arc range for a given percent power that will provide smoothengine operation. The cowl flaps should be opened, if necessary, tomaintain the cylinder head temperature at approximately two-thirds ofthe normal operating range (green band).

CRUISE PERFORMANCE TABLECONDITIONS:Standard Conditions Zero Wind

Figure 4-3

The Cruise Performance charts in Section 5 provide the pilot withcruise performance at maximum gross weight. When normal cruise isperformed at reduced weights there is an increase in true airspeed.During normal cruise at power settings between 70% and 88%, the trueairspeed will increase approximately 1 knot for every 150 pounds belowmaximum gross weight. During normal cruise at power settings below70%, the true airspeed will increase approximately 1 knot for every 125pounds below maximum gross weight.

The fuel injection system employed on this engine is considered to benon-icing. In the event that unusual conditions cause the intake air filterto become clogged or iced over, an alternate intake air door opensautomatically for the most efficient use of either normal or alternate air,depending on the amount of filter blockage. Due to the lower intakepressure available through the alternate air door or a partially blockedfilter, manifold pressure can decrease from a cruise power setting. Thismanifold pressure should be recovered by increasing the throttlesetting or setting a higher RPM as necessary to maintain desiredpower.


ALTITUDE 75% POWER 65% POWER 55% POWERFEET KTAS NMPG KTAS NMPG KTAS NMPG

5000 139 9.6 130 11.0 120 11.7

10,000 145 10.0 136 11.4 124 12.1

15,000 151 10.4 141 11.9 128 12.4

20,000 158 10.9 147 12.3 132 12.8



GFC 700 AFCS

CRUISE (Continued)

LEANING USING TURBINE INLET TEMPERATURE (T.I.T.)

The cruise performance data in this POH is based on therecommended lean mixture setting which can be set using the leanassist system (this can only be used if Turbine Inlet Temperature (T.I.T.)reaches peak before lower end of red arc) or the T.I.T. indicator atpower settings of 88% MCP and less.

Exhaust gas T.I.T. is displayed on the EIS ENGINE and LEAN pages.The ENGINE page has a horizontal scale with a temperature indicator(inverted triangle) and is labeled T.I.T. The LEAN page has the sameindicator but is labeled T.I.T. °F along with a digital value. Bothindicators show the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet of theturbocharger turbine in degrees Fahrenheit.

CAUTIONLEANING WITH A T.I.T. INDICATOR IS PERMITTEDONLY WHEN MANIFOLD PRESSURE AND RPM AREWITHIN THE GREEN ARC RANGES.

To use the lean assist system, push the ENGINE, LEAN and ASSISTsoftkeys. The symbol ΔPEAK °F will display below the T.I.T. indicator.Recommended lean operation is at 50°F rich of peak T.I.T. The T.I.T. isat peak temperature when ΔPEAK °F shows a value of 0. When ΔPEAK°F shows a negative value (-), T.I.T. is on the rich or lean side of peak.To lean the mixture, slowly rotate the mixture control counterclockwisewhile monitoring both the T.I.T. indicator and the ΔPEAK °F value. Donot continue to lean the mixture if T.I.T. reaches the red line. When T.I.T.reaches peak (ΔPEAK °F 0), monitor ΔPEAK °F and FFLOW GPH andenrichen the mixture by slowly rotating the mixture control clockwiseuntil T.I.T. goes back to 50°F rich of peak (ΔPEAK °F -50°F). For bestpower or best economy, set T.I.T. based on T.I.T. Table, Figure 4-4.




CRUISE (Continued)

LEANING USING TURBINE INLET TEMPERATURE (T.I.T.)(Continued)

At maximum cruise power settings, the 1685°F limit (lower end of redarc) T.I.T. may occur before reaching peak T.I.T. In this case, enrichenthe mixture from lower end of red arc 50°F for recommended leanmixture. Any change in altitude or power setting will require a change inthe recommended lean mixture setting and a recheck of the T.I.T.setting.

As noted in the T.I.T. Table, Figure 4-4, operation at peak T.I.T. providesthe best fuel economy. This results in approximately 5% greater rangethan shown in this POH accompanied by a 4 knot decrease in speed.Under some conditions, engine roughness may occur while operatingat peak T.I.T. In this case, operate at the recommended lean mixture.

TURBINE INLET TEMPERATURE (T.I.T.)

Figure 4-4

CAUTIONOPERATION ON THE LEAN SIDE OF PEAK T.I.T. IS NOTAPPROVED.


MIXTURE DESCRIPTIONTURBINE INLET

TEMPERATURE (T.I.T.)RECOMMENDED LEAN

(Pilot’s Operating Handbook) 50°F Rich of Peak T.I.T.

BEST ECONOMY Peak T.I.T.

BEST POWER 125°F Rich of Peak T.I.T.



GFC 700 AFCS

CRUISE (Continued)

LEANING USING TURBINE INLET TEMPERATURE (T.I.T.)(Continued)

NOTEWhen cruising at altitudes above 15,000 feet, the maximumallowable manifold pressure is 27 in.hg. due to detonationrestrictions. Refer to Section 5, cruise tables for operationalpower settings.

Certain considerations must be made when using a T.I.T. indicator.

Operations that are not approved include:1. Cruise power settings above the green arc range limitation.2. Operations at T.I.T. indications above 1685°F.3. Mixture settings that cause engine roughness or excessive

power loss to occur.




CRUISE (Continued)

FUEL SAVINGS PROCEDURES FOR NORMALOPERATIONS

For best fuel economy during normal operations, the followingprocedures are recommended.

1. After engine start and for all ground operations, set the throttle to1200 RPM and lean the mixture for maximum RPM. Afterleaning, set the throttle to the appropriate RPM for groundoperations. Leave the mixture at this setting until beginning theBEFORE TAKEOFF checklist. After the BEFORE TAKEOFFchecklist is complete, lean the mixture again as describedabove, until ready to perform the TAKEOFF checklist.

2. Adjust the mixture as shown in Section 5 during MCP climbs.3. Lean the mixture at any altitude for RECOMMENDED LEAN or

BEST ECONOMY fuel flows when using 88% or less power.

NOTEUsing the above recommended procedures can providefuel savings in excess of 5% when compared to typicaltraining operations at full rich mixture. In addition, the aboveprocedures will minimize spark plug fouling since thereduction in fuel consumption results in a proportionalreduction in tetraethyl lead passing through the engine.




GFC 700 AFCS

CRUISE (Continued)

FUEL VAPOR PROCEDURES

The engine fuel system can cause fuel vapor formation on the groundduring warm weather. This will generally occur when the outsideambient air temperature is above 80°F. Vapor formation may increasewhen the engine fuel flows are lower at idle and taxi engine speeds.The following procedures are recommended when engine idle speedand fuel flow fluctuations show that fuel vapor may be present:

1. With the mixture full rich, set the throttle at 1800 RPM to 2000RPM. Maintain this power setting for 1 to 2 minutes or untilsmooth engine operation returns.

2. Retard the throttle to idle to verify normal engine operation.3. Advance the throttle to 1200 RPM and lean the mixture as

described under FUEL SAVINGS PROCEDURES FORNORMAL OPERATIONS.

4. In addition to the above procedures, the auxiliary fuel pump maybe turned ON with the mixture adjusted as required to aid vaporsuppression during ground operations. The auxiliary fuel pumpshould be turned OFF prior to takeoff.

5. Just prior to TAKEOFF, advance the throttle to 32 in.hg. forapproximately 10 seconds to verify smooth engine operation fortakeoff.

NOTEWhen the engine is operated above 1800 RPM, theresul t ing increased fuel f low resul ts in lower fueltemperatures throughout the engine fuel system. Thisincreased flow purges the fuel vapor and the cooler fuelminimizes vapor formation.




CRUISE (Continued)

FUEL VAPOR PROCEDURES (Continued)

In addition to the previous procedures, the sections below should bereviewed, and where applicable, adhered to:

Section 3 -Take note of the excessive fuel vapor procedures in boththe checklist and the amplified procedures sections.

Section 4 -Take note of the hot weather operational notes andprocedures in both the checklist and the amplifiedprocedures sections.

Section 7 -Take note of the altitude operational procedures and thesection on auxiliary fuel pump operation.

STALLSThe stall characteristics are conventional and aural warning is providedby a stall warning horn which sounds between 5 and 10 knots abovethe stall in all configurations. Altitude loss during stall recovery may beas much as 300 feet.

Power off stall speeds at maximum weight for both forward and aft C.G.positions are presented in Section 5.

DESCENTAt 88% MCP or less (both manifold pressure and RPM indicators in thegreen arcs), adjust the mixture if necessary to get smooth engineoperation. Avoid using FULL RICH mixture during long or low powerdescents. Using FULL RICH mixture under these conditions can causecarbon and lead deposits to be formed in the engine which could resultin roughness or hesitation.



GFC 700 AFCS

LANDING

NORMAL LANDING

Normal landing approaches can be made with power on or power offwith any flap setting within the flap airspeed limits. Surface winds andair turbulence are usually the primary factors in determining the mostcomfortable approach speeds. Steep slips with flap settings greaterthan 20° can cause a slight tendency for the elevator to oscillate undercertain combinations of airspeed, sideslip angle, and center of gravityloadings.

Landing at slower speeds will result in shorter landing distances andminimum wear to tires and brakes. Power must be at idle as the mainwheels touch the ground. The main wheels must touch the groundbefore the nosewheel. The nosewheel must be lowered to the runwaycarefully after the speed has diminished to avoid unnecessary nosegear loads. This procedure is very important for rough or soft fieldlandings.

SHORT FIELD LANDING

For a short field landing in smooth air conditions, approach at 60 KIASwith FULL flaps using enough power to control the glide path. Slightlyhigher approach speeds should be used in turbulent air conditions.After all approach obstacles are cleared, smoothly reduce power andhold the approach speed by lowering the nose of the airplane. Themain wheels must touch the ground before the nosewheel with powerat idle. Immediately after the main wheels touch the ground, carefullylower the nosewheel and apply heavy braking as required. Formaximum brake performance, retract the flaps, hold the control wheelfull back, and apply maximum brake pressure without skidding the tires.




LANDING (Continued)

CROSSWIND LANDING

When landing in a strong crosswind, use the minimum flap settingrequired for the field length. If flap settings greater than 20° are used insideslips with full rudder deflection, some elevator oscillation may befelt at normal approach speeds. However, this does not affect control ofthe airplane. Although the crab or combination method of driftcorrection may be used, the wing low method gives the best control.After touchdown, hold a straight course with the steerable nosewheel,with aileron deflection as applicable, and occasional braking ifnecessary.

The maximum allowable crosswind velocity is dependent upon pilotcapability as well as airplane limitations. Operation in direct crosswindsof 15 knots has been demonstrated.

BALKED LANDING

In a balked landing (go-around) climb, reduce the flap setting to 20°immediately after full power is applied and climb at 55 KIAS. Adjustmixture to 24 GPH fuel flow. After clearing any obstacles, carefullyretract the flaps and allow the airplane to accelerate to normal climbairspeed.



GFC 700 AFCS

COLD WEATHER OPERATIONSSpecial consideration should be given to the operation of the airplanefuel system during the winter season or prior to any flight in coldtemperatures. Proper preflight draining of the fuel system is especiallyimportant and will eliminate any free water accumulation. The use ofadditives such as isopropyl alcohol or Diethylene Glycol MonomethylEther (DiEGME) may also be desirable. Refer to Section 8 forinformation on the proper use of additives.

Cold weather often causes conditions that require special care duringairplane operations. Even small accumulations of frost, ice, or snowmust be removed, particularly from wing, tail and all controlsurfaces to assure satisfactory flight performance and handling.Also, control surfaces must be free of any internal accumulations of iceor snow.

If snow or slush covers the takeoff surface, allowance must be made fortakeoff distances which will be increasingly extended as the snow orslush depth increases. The depth and consistency of this cover can, infact, prevent takeoff in many instances.

NOTEThe waste gate controller will not respond quickly tovariations in manifold pressure when oil temperature is nearthe lower limit of the green band. Therefore, under theseconditions, throttle motion should be made slowly and careshould be exercised to prevent exceeding the 32 in.hg.manifold pressure limit. In addition, the fuel flow indicationsmay exceed 24 GPH on takeoff if the mixture isn't leaned tocompensate.

The Turbo-System engine installation has been designed such that awinterization kit is not required. With the cowl flaps fully closed, enginetemperature will be normal (in the green band range) in outside airtemperature as low as 20° to 30°C below standard. When coolersurface temperatures are encountered, the normal air temperatureinversion will result in warmer temperatures at cruise altitudes above5000 feet.




COLD WEATHER OPERATION (Continued)

If low altitude cruise in very cold temperature results in enginetemperature below the green band, increasing cruise altitude or cruisepower will increase engine temperature into the green band. Cylinderhead temperatures will increase approximately 50°F as cruise altitudesincrease from 5000 feet to 20,000 feet.

During descent, observe engine temperatures closely and holdsufficient power to keep temperatures in the recommended operatingrange.

STARTING

When air temperatures are below 20°F (-6°C), use an externalpreheater and an external power source whenever possible to obtainpositive starting and to reduce wear and abuse to the engine andelectrical system. Preheat will thaw the oil trapped in the oil cooler,which probably will be congealed prior to starting in extremely coldtemperatures.

WARNING

WHEN TURNING THE PROPELLER BY HAND, TREAT ITAS IF THE MAGNETOS SWITCH IS IN THE ONPOSITION. A LOOSE OR BROKEN GROUND WIRE ONEITHER MAGNETO COULD ENERGIZE THE ENGINE.




GFC 700 AFCS

COLD WEATHER OPERATION (Continued)

STARTING (Continued)

Prior to starting on cold mornings, it is advisable to turn the propellermanually through several engine compression cycles by hand to loosenthe oil, so the engine cranks (motors) more easily and uses less batterypower. When the propeller is turned manually, turn it in the oppositedirection to normal engine rotation for greater safety. Opposite rotationdisengages the magneto impulse couplings and prevents possibleunwanted ignition.

When using an external power source, the MASTER switch ALT andBAT sections must be in the OFF position before connecting theexternal power source to the airplane receptacle. Refer to Section 7,External Power Receptacle, for external power source operations.

Cold weather starting procedures are the same as the normal startingprocedures. However, to conserve battery power the beacon light canbe left off until the engine is started. Use caution to prevent inadvertentforward movement of the airplane during starting when parked on snowor ice.

During cold weather starting, when performing the Standby Batteryenergy level test, the test lamp may not illuminate and the BUS E voltsmay be less than 24 volts before turning on the MASTER (ALT andBAT) switch. After engine start, verify the S BATT ammeter shows acharge (positive) at 1000 RPM or greater. Prior to takeoff verify the SBATT ammeter shows a charge less than 0.4 amps.

NOTEIf the engine does not start during the first few attempts, orif engine firing diminishes in strength, the spark plugs maybe frosted over. Preheat must be used before another startis attempted.

During cold weather operations, the oil temperature indicator may notbe in the green band prior to takeoff if outside air temperatures are verycold. After a suitable warm up period (2 to 5 minutes at 1000 RPM),accelerate the engine several times to higher engine RPMs. If theengine accelerates smoothly and the oil pressure remains normal andsteady, the airplane is ready for takeoff.



HOT WEATHER OPERATIONSRefer to the general warm temperature starting information underStarting Engine in this section. Avoid prolonged engine operation on theground.

NOISE CHARACTERISTICSThe certified takeoff noise level for the Model T182T at 3100 poundsmaximum weight is 75.4 dB(A) per 14 CFR 36 Appendix G (throughAmendment 36-22) and 75.4 dB(A) per ICAO Annex 16 Chapter 10(through Amendment 4). No determination has been made that thenoise levels of this airplane are, or should be, acceptable orunacceptable for operation at, into, or out of, any airport.

The following procedures are suggested to minimize the effect ofairplane noise on the public:

1. Pilots operating airplanes under VFR over outdoor assembliesof persons, recreational and park areas, and other noisesensitive areas should make every effort to fly not less than2000 feet above the surface, weather permitting, even thoughflight at a lower level may be consistent with the provisions ofgovernment regulations.

2. During departure from or approach to an airport, climb aftertakeoff and descent for landing should be made so as to avoidprolonged flight at low altitude near noise sensitive areas.

NOTEThe above recommended procedures do not apply wherethey would conflict with Air Traffic Control clearances orinstructions, or where, in the pilot's judgment, an altitude ofless than 2000 feet is necessary to adequately exercise theduty to see and avoid other airplanes.

U.S.T182TPHBUS-01 4-47/4-48

CESSNA SECTION 5MODEL T182T NAV III PERFORMANCE GFC 700 AFCS

PERFORMANCE


Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3Use of Performance Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3Sample Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4

Takeoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-6Fuel Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-9

Demonstrated Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-9Airspeed Calibration - Normal Static Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-10Airspeed Calibration - Alternate Static Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11Altimeter Correction - Alternate Static Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-12Temperature Conversion Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-13Stall Speeds At 3100 Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-14Crosswind Component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-15Short Field Takeoff Distance At 3100 Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-16Short Field Takeoff Distance At 2700 Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-17Short Field Takeoff Distance At 2300 Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-18Maximum Rate Of Climb At 3100 Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-19Time, Fuel And Distance To Climb - Maximum Rate of Climb . . . . .5-20Time, Fuel And Distance To Climb - Normal Climb . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-21Cruise Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-22Range Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-33Endurance Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-35Short Field Landing Distance At 2950 Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . .5-37/5-38

U.S.T182TPHBUS-00 5-1/5-2


INTRODUCTIONPerformance data charts on the following pages are presented so thatyou may know what to expect from the airplane under variousconditions and to facilitate the planning of flights in detail withreasonable accuracy. The data in the charts has been computed fromactual flight tests with the airplane and engine in good condition andusing average piloting techniques.

It should be noted that performance information presented in the rangeand endurance profile charts allows for 45 minutes reserve fuel at thespecified power setting. Fuel flow data for cruise is based on therecommended lean mixture setting at all altitudes. Some indeterminatevariables such as mixture leaning technique, fuel meteringcharacteristics, engine and propeller condition, and air turbulence mayaccount for variations of 10% or more in range and endurance.Therefore, it is important to utilize all available information to estimatethe fuel required for the particular flight and to flight plan in aconservative manner.

USE OF PERFORMANCE CHARTSPerformance data is presented in tabular or graphical form to illustratethe effect of different variables. Sufficiently detailed information isprovided in the tables so that conservative values can be selected andused to determine the particular performance figure with reasonableaccuracy.


SECTION 5 CESSNAPERFORMANCE MODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS

SAMPLE PROBLEMThe following sample flight problem utilizes information from thevarious charts to determine the predicted performance data for a typicalflight. Assume the following information has already been determined:


AIRPLANE CONFIGURATION:Takeoff weight 3100 PoundsUsable fuel 87.0 Gallons

TAKEOFF CONDITIONS:Field pressure altitude 3500 FeetTemperature 24°C (16°C Above Standard)Wind component along runway 12 Knot HeadwindField length 3500 Feet

CRUISE CONDITIONS: Total distance 450 Nautical MilesPressure altitude 11,500 FeetTemperature 8°C Expected wind enroute 10 Knot Headwind

LANDING CONDITIONS:Field pressure altitude 3000 FeetTemperature 25°CField length 3000 Feet



SAMPLE PROBLEM (Continued)

TAKEOFF

The takeoff distance chart, Figure 5-6, should be consulted, keeping inmind that distances shown are based on the short field technique.Conservative distances can be established by reading the chart at thenext higher value of weight, altitude and temperature. For example, inthis particular sample problem, the takeoff distance informationpresented for a weight of 3100 pounds, pressure altitude of 4000 feetand a temperature of 30°C should be used and results in the following:

These distances are well within the available takeoff field length.However, a correction for the effect of wind may be made based oninformation presented in the note section of the takeoff chart. Thecorrection for a 12 knot headwind is:

This results in the following distances, corrected for wind:


Ground roll 1095 FeetTotal distance to clear a 50-foot obstacle 1880 Feet

12 Knots X 10% = 13% Decrease

9 Knots

Ground roll, zero wind 1095 Feet

Decrease in ground roll (1095 feet X 13%) -142 Feet

Corrected ground roll 953 Feet

Total distance to clear a 50-foot obstacle, zero wind 1880 Feet

Decrease in total distance (1880 feet X 13%) -244 Feet

Corrected total distance to clear 50-foot obstacle 1636 Feet



GFC 700 AFCS


CRUISE

The cruising altitude should be selected based on a consideration oftrip length, winds aloft and the airplane's performance. A typicalcruising altitude and the expected wind enroute have been given forthis sample problem. However, the power setting selection for cruisemust be determined based on several considerations. These includethe cruise performance characteristics presented in Figure 5-9, therange profile chart presented in Figure 5-10, and the endurance profilechart presented in Figure 5-11.

The relationship between power and range is illustrated by the rangeprofile chart. Considerable fuel savings and longer range result whenlower power settings are used. For this sample problem, a cruise powerof approximately 70% will be used.

The cruise performance chart, Figure 5-9, is entered at 12,000 feetpressure altitude and 20°C above standard temperature. These valuesmost nearly correspond to the planned altitude and expectedtemperature conditions. The engine speed chosen is 2400 RPM and 24inches of manifold pressure, which results in the following:


Power 70%True airspeed 146 KnotsCruise fuel flow 13.5 GPH




FUEL REQUIRED

The total fuel requirement for the flight may be estimated using theperformance information in Figure 5-8 and Figure 5-9. For this sampleproblem, the time, fuel and distance to climb may be determined fromFigure 5-8 for normal climb. The difference between the values shownin the table for 4000 feet and 12,000 feet results in the following:

These values are for a standard temperature and are sufficientlyaccurate for most flight planning purposes. However, a furthercorrection for the effect of temperature may be made as noted on theclimb chart. The approximate effect of a nonstandard temperature is toincrease the time, fuel and distance by 10% for each 8°C abovestandard temperature, due to the lower rate of climb. In this case,assuming a temperature 16°C above standard the correction would be:

With this factor included, the fuel estimate would be calculated asfollows:

Using a similar procedure for the distance to climb results in 36 nauticalmiles.

The resultant cruise distance is:


Time: 17 MinutesFuel: 4.3 GallonsDistance: 30 Nautical Miles

16°C X 10% = 20% Increase8°C

Fuel to climb, standard temperature 4.3 GallonsIncrease due to non-standard temperature (4.3 X 20%) 0.9 GallonsCorrected fuel to climb 5.2 Gallons

Total distance 450 Nautical MilesClimb distance -36 Nautical MilesCruise distance 414 Nautical Miles



GFC 700 AFCS


FUEL REQUIRED (Continued)

With an expected 10 knot headwind, the ground speed for cruise ispredicted to be:

Therefore, the time required for the cruise portion of the trip is:

The fuel required for cruise is:

A 45-minute reserve requires:

The total estimated fuel required is as follows:

Once the flight is underway, ground speed checks will provide a moreaccurate basis for estimating the time enroute and the correspondingfuel required to complete the trip with ample reserve.


146 Knots-10 Knots

136 Knots

414 Nautical Miles = 3.1 Hours 136 Knots

3.1 hours X 13.5 gallons/hour = 41.9 Gallons

45

60 X 13.5 gallons/hour = 10.2 Gallons

Engine start, taxi, and takeoff 2.0 Gallons

Climb 5.2 Gallons

Cruise 41.9 Gallons

Reserve 10.2 Gallons

Total fuel required 59.3 Gallons




LANDING

A procedure similar to takeoff should be used for estimating the landingdistance at the destination airport. Figure 5-12 presents landingdistance information for the short field technique. The distancescorresponding to 3000 feet and 30°C are as follows:

A correction for the effect of wind may be made based on informationpresented in the note section of the landing chart, using the sameprocedure as outlined for takeoff.

DEMONSTRATED OPERATING TEMPERATURESatisfactory engine cooling has been demonstrated for this airplanewith an outside air temperature 23°C above standard. This is not to beconsidered as an operating limitation. Reference should be made toSection 2 for engine operating limitations.

Ground roll 695 FeetTotal distance to clear a 50-foot obstacle 1525 Feet



GFC 700 AFCS

AIRSPEED CALIBRATION

NORMAL STATIC SOURCE

CONDITIONS:

Power required for level flight or maximum power descent.


Flaps UP

KIAS 55 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160

KCAS 60 64 73 82 91 100 110 119 128 137 146 156

Flaps 20°

KIAS 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 --- --- ---

KCAS 51 55 63 72 81 90 100 110 120 --- --- ---

Flaps FULL

KIAS 40 50 60 70 80 90 95 --- --- --- --- ---

KCAS 48 55 63 72 82 92 97 --- --- --- --- ---



AIRSPEED CALIBRATION ALTERNATE STATIC SOURCE

CONDITIONS:

Power Required for level flight or maximum power descent.

NOTEWindows and ventilators closed, cabin heater, cabin air,and defroster on maximum.


FlapsUP

KIAS

ALTKIAS

55

52

60

58

70

71

80

82

90

93

100

103

110

113

120

122

130

131

140

139

150

147

160

155Flaps20°

KIAS

ALTKIAS

50

52

60

61

70

70

80

79

90

89

100

99

110

110

120

121

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---FlapsFULLKIAS

ALTKIAS

40

37

50

47

60

57

70

68

80

78

90

88

95

93

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---

---



GFC 700 AFCS

ALTIMETER CORRECTION ALTERNATE STATIC SOURCE

CONDITIONS:

Power required for level flight or maximum power descent cruiseconfiguration. Altimeter corrections for the takeoff configuration are lessthan 50 feet.

NOTEAdd correction to desired altitude to obtain indicatedaltitude to fly. Windows and ventilators closed, cabin heater,cabin air, and defroster on maximum.

Figure 5-2

CONDITIONFlaps UP

CORRECTION TO BE ADDED - FEETKIAS - Alternate Static Source ON

60 80 100 120 140 160

Sea Level 30 10 -20 -20 -10 402000 Feet 30 10 -20 -30 -10 404000 Feet 30 10 -20 -30 -10 406000 Feet 40 10 -20 -30 -10 408000 Feet 40 10 -20 -30 -10 50

10,000 Feet 40 10 -20 -30 -10 5012,000 Feet 40 10 -20 -30 -10 5014,000 Feet 40 10 -30 -40 -10 50



TEMPERATURE CONVERSION CHART

Figure 5-3



GFC 700 AFCS

STALL SPEED AT 3100 POUNDS

CONDITIONS:Power IDLE

MOST REARWARD CENTER OF GRAVITY

MOST FORWARD CENTER OF GRAVITY

NOTE

• Altitude loss during a stall recovery may be as much as250 feet.

• KIAS values are approximate.

Figure 5-4

FLAPSETTING

ANGLE OF BANK

0° 30° 45° 60°

KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS

UP 50 54 54 58 59 64 71 76

20° 43 50 46 54 51 59 61 71

FULL 40 49 43 53 48 58 57 69

FLAP SETTING

ANGLE OF BANK

0° 30° 45° 60°

KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS KIAS KCAS

UP 51 56 55 60 61 67 72 79

20° 44 52 47 56 52 62 62 74

FULL 41 50 44 54 49 59 58 71



CROSSWIND COMPONENT

NOTEMaximum demonstrated crosswind velocity is 15 knots (nota limitation).

Figure 5-5



GFC 700 AFCS

SHORT FIELD TAKEOFF DISTANCE AT 3100 POUNDS

CONDITIONS:Flaps 20°2400 RPM, 32 in.hg. and mixture set at 24 GPH prior to brake release.Cowl Flaps OPENPaved, Level, Dry Runway Lift Off: 54 KIASZero Wind Speed at 50 Feet: 60 KIAS

NOTE

• Short field technique as specified in Section 4.

• Decrease distances 10% for each 9 knots headwind. Foroperation with tail winds up to 10 knots, increasedistances by 10% for each 2 knots.

• For operation on dry, grass runway, increase distancesby 15% of the “ground roll” figure.


Pressure Altitude -

Feet

0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C 40°C

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Sea Level 700 1255 750 1340 800 1430 860 1525 915 1620

1000 740 1320 795 1410 850 1505 910 1605 975 1710

2000 785 1390 845 1485 905 1585 965 1690 1035 1800

3000 835 1465 895 1565 960 1670 1030 1780 1100 1900

4000 890 1545 955 1650 1020 1760 1095 1880 1170 2010

5000 945 1630 1015 1740 1090 1865 1165 1990 1245 2125

6000 1010 1720 1085 1845 1160 1975 1245 2110 1330 2255

7000 1075 1825 1155 1955 1240 2090 1325 2235 1420 2390

8000 1145 1930 1235 2070 1325 2215 1415 2370 1515 2535



SHORT FIELD TAKEOFF DISTANCEAT 2700 POUNDS


NOTE





Pressure Altitude -

Feet

0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C 40°C

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Sea Level 510 925 545 985 585 1050 625 1115 665 1185

1000 540 975 580 1035 620 1100 665 1170 710 1245

2000 575 1020 615 1090 660 1160 705 1230 755 1310

3000 610 1075 655 1145 700 1220 750 1300 800 1380

4000 650 1130 695 1205 745 1285 800 1370 850 1455

5000 690 1195 740 1275 795 1355 850 1445 910 1540

6000 735 1260 790 1345 845 1435 905 1530 970 1630

7000 785 1330 845 1420 905 1520 965 1620 1035 1725

8000 840 1410 900 1505 965 1605 1030 1715 1100 1825



GFC 700 AFCS

SHORT FIELD TAKEOFF DISTANCEAT 2300 POUNDS


NOTE





Pressure Altitude -

Feet

0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C 40°C

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Sea Level 355 660 380 700 410 745 435 790 465 835

1000 380 695 405 735 435 780 465 830 495 880

2000 400 730 430 775 460 820 490 870 525 925

3000 425 765 455 815 490 865 525 915 560 970

4000 455 805 485 855 520 910 555 965 595 1025

5000 485 845 520 900 555 960 595 1020 635 1080

6000 515 895 550 950 590 1015 630 1075 675 1145

7000 550 945 590 1005 630 1070 675 1140 720 1210

8000 585 995 630 1065 675 1130 720 1205 770 1280



MAXIMUM RATE OF CLIMB AT 3100 POUNDS

CONDITIONS:

Flaps UP2400 RPM, 32 in.hg. and mixture set at 24 GPHCowl Flaps OPEN

Figure 5-7

Pressure Altitude -

Feet

Climb Speed - KIAS

Rate of Climb - FPM

-20°C 0°C 20°C 40°C

Sea Level 84 1165 1095 1020 950

2000 83 1125 1050 975 900

4000 83 1085 1005 930 850

6000 82 1040 960 875 795

8000 82 995 910 830 745

10,000 82 950 865 780 695

12,000 81 905 815 730 640

14,000 81 855 760 670 585

16,000 81 805 715 625 540

18,000 80 755 665 575 495

20,000 80 705 610 530 450



GFC 700 AFCS

TIME, FUEL AND DISTANCE TO CLIMBAT 3100 POUNDS

MAXIMUM RATE OF CLIMB

CONDITIONS:

Flaps UP2400 RPM, 32 in.hg. and mixture set at 24 GPHCowl Flaps OPENStandard Temperature

NOTE

• Add 2.0 gallons of fuel for engine start, taxi and takeoffallowance.

• Increase time, fuel and distance by 10% for each 10°Cabove standard temperature.

• Distances shown are based on zero wind.


Pressure Altitude

Feet

Climb Speed KIAS

Rate of Climb FPM

From Sea Level

Time Minutes

Fuel Used Gallons

Distance NM

Sea Level 84 1040 0 0.0 0

2000 83 1010 2 0.8 3

4000 83 980 4 1.6 6

6000 82 945 6 2.4 9

8000 82 915 8 3.3 12

10,000 82 885 10 4.2 16

12,000 81 855 13 5.1 19

14,000 81 820 15 6.1 23

16,000 81 790 18 7.1 28

18,000 80 760 20 8.1 32

20,000 80 725 23 9.2 37



TIME, FUEL AND DISTANCE TO CLIMBAT 3100 POUNDS

NORMAL CLIMB - 95 KIAS

CONDITIONS:

Flaps UP2400 RPM, 25 in.hg. or mixture set at 16 GPHCowl Flaps OPENStandard Temperature

NOTE

• Add 2.0 gallons of fuel for engine start, taxi and takeoffallowance.

• Increase time, fuel and distance by 10% for each 8°Cabove standard temperature.

• Distances shown are based on zero wind.


Pressure Altitude

Feet

Climb Speed KIAS

Rate of Climb FPM

From Sea Level

Time Minutes

Fuel Used Gallons

Distance NM

Sea Level 95 560 0 0.0 0

2000 95 545 4 1.0 6

4000 95 530 7 2.0 12

6000 95 510 11 3.0 19

8000 95 495 15 4.1 26

10,000 95 470 19 5.2 34

12,000 95 440 24 6.3 42



GFC 700 AFCS

CRUISE PERFORMANCEPRESSURE ALTITUDE SEA LEVEL

CONDITIONS:3100 PoundsRecommended Lean MixtureCowl Flaps CLOSED.

NOTE

• For best economy, operate at peak T.I.T.

• Power settings not approved for cruising are indicated bydashes.


20°C BELOW STANDARD TEMP

-5°C

STANDARDTEMPERATURE

15°C

20°C ABOVESTANDARD TEMP

35°CRPM MP

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 88 139 18.4 83 139 16.8 78 138 15.426 81 134 16.2 76 134 14.9 72 133 13.824 74 130 14.3 70 129 13.4 66 128 12.522 65 123 12.4 62 122 11.7 58 121 11.120 57 115 10.9 54 114 10.4 50 113 9.9

2300 28 87 138 16.9 82 138 15.7 77 137 14.526 79 133 15.1 75 133 14.0 70 132 13.124 72 128 13.5 68 128 12.7 64 126 11.922 63 121 11.7 59 120 11.1 56 118 10.520 55 114 10.5 52 113 10.0 49 111 9.5

2200 28 85 137 15.7 80 137 14.7 75 136 13.826 77 132 14.1 73 132 13.2 68 130 12.424 70 127 12.7 66 126 12.0 62 125 11.422 60 118 11.0 56 117 10.5 53 116 10.020 54 112 10.1 51 111 9.6 48 109 9.218 46 104 8.9 44 102 8.5 41 98 8.1

2100 28 81 134 14.7 76 134 13.7 72 133 12.926 73 129 13.1 69 129 12.4 65 127 11.724 66 124 11.9 63 123 11.3 59 122 10.722 58 116 10.5 54 115 10.0 51 113 9.520 51 110 9.6 48 108 9.1 45 106 8.718 44 100 8.4 41 98 8.1 39 94 7.7

2000 28 77 132 13.7 73 132 12.9 68 130 12.126 69 126 12.3 66 126 11.7 62 124 11.024 63 121 11.2 59 120 10.7 56 118 10.122 56 114 10.1 52 113 9.6 49 111 9.220 49 107 9.1 46 105 8.7 43 102 8.318 41 97 8.0 39 94 7.6 37 90 7.2



CRUISE PERFORMANCEPRESSURE ALTITUDE 2000 FEET

CONDITIONS:3100 PoundsRecommended Lean MixtureCowl Flaps CLOSED

NOTE




20°C BELOW STANDARD TEMP -9°C

STANDARDTEMPERATURE 11°C

20°C ABOVESTANDARD TEMP 31°C

RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- 84 142 17.1 79 142 15.726 83 138 16.6 78 138 15.3 73 137 14.124 76 133 14.7 71 133 13.7 67 131 12.822 67 127 12.8 63 126 12.0 60 124 11.320 59 119 11.2 56 118 10.7 52 116 10.2

2300 28 88 141 17.2 83 141 15.9 78 141 14.826 81 136 15.4 76 136 14.3 71 135 13.324 74 132 13.8 69 131 12.9 65 130 12.122 65 124 12.0 61 124 11.4 57 122 10.820 57 118 10.8 54 116 10.2 51 114 9.7

2200 28 86 140 15.9 81 140 14.9 76 139 13.926 78 135 14.3 74 135 13.4 69 133 12.624 71 130 13.0 67 129 12.2 63 128 11.622 62 122 11.4 58 121 10.8 55 120 10.320 55 116 10.3 52 114 9.8 49 112 9.418 48 107 9.2 45 105 8.8 43 102 8.4

2100 28 82 137 14.8 77 137 13.9 73 136 13.026 74 132 13.3 70 132 12.5 66 130 11.824 67 127 12.1 64 126 11.5 60 125 10.922 59 120 10.8 56 119 10.3 53 117 9.820 53 113 9.8 50 111 9.3 47 109 8.918 45 104 8.7 43 101 8.3 40 98 7.9

2000 28 78 135 13.9 73 134 13.0 69 133 12.326 71 129 12.5 67 129 11.8 63 127 11.224 64 124 11.4 60 123 10.8 57 121 10.322 57 117 10.3 54 116 9.8 50 114 9.320 50 110 9.3 47 108 8.9 44 105 8.418 43 100 8.2 40 97 7.8 38 93 7.4



GFC 700 AFCS



NOTE







RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- 86 145 17.5 80 145 16.026 84 141 17.1 79 141 15.7 75 140 14.424 77 137 15.1 73 136 14.0 68 135 13.022 69 130 13.2 65 129 12.4 61 128 11.620 61 123 11.6 57 122 11.0 54 120 10.5

2300 28 --- --- --- 84 144 16.2 79 144 15.026 82 140 15.7 77 140 14.6 72 138 13.624 75 135 14.1 71 134 13.2 66 133 12.422 67 128 12.4 63 127 11.7 59 126 11.120 59 121 11.0 56 120 10.5 52 118 10.0

2200 28 87 143 16.1 82 143 15.1 77 142 14.126 79 138 14.5 75 138 13.6 70 136 12.824 72 133 13.2 68 132 12.4 64 131 11.722 64 126 11.7 61 125 11.2 57 124 10.620 57 119 10.5 53 118 10.0 50 115 9.618 50 111 9.5 47 109 9.1 44 106 8.6

2100 28 83 140 15.0 78 140 14.1 73 139 13.126 75 135 13.5 71 135 12.7 67 133 12.024 69 130 12.3 65 129 11.6 61 128 11.022 61 123 11.1 58 122 10.5 54 120 10.020 54 116 10.0 51 114 9.5 48 112 9.118 47 107 8.9 44 105 8.5 42 101 8.1

2000 28 79 137 14.0 74 137 13.1 70 136 12.426 72 132 12.7 68 132 12.0 63 130 11.324 65 127 11.6 61 126 11.0 57 124 10.422 58 120 10.5 55 119 10.0 51 117 9.520 51 113 9.5 48 111 9.0 46 108 8.618 44 103 8.4 42 100 8.0 39 96 7.6





NOTE







RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- 86 149 17.7 81 148 16.226 85 144 17.3 80 144 15.9 75 143 14.624 78 140 15.4 74 139 14.2 69 138 13.222 70 134 13.5 66 133 12.6 62 131 11.920 62 126 11.8 59 125 11.2 55 123 10.7

2300 28 --- --- --- 85 147 16.3 79 147 15.126 83 143 15.9 78 143 14.8 73 141 13.724 76 138 14.3 72 137 13.4 67 136 12.522 68 132 12.7 64 131 12.0 60 129 11.320 60 124 11.3 57 123 10.7 53 121 10.2

2200 28 88 146 16.3 83 146 15.2 78 145 14.226 80 141 14.7 75 141 13.8 71 139 12.924 73 136 13.4 69 135 12.6 65 134 11.922 66 130 12.0 62 129 11.4 58 127 10.820 58 122 10.7 55 121 10.2 51 118 9.718 51 114 9.7 48 112 9.3 45 109 8.8

2100 28 83 143 15.1 79 143 14.2 74 142 13.226 76 138 13.7 72 138 12.9 68 136 12.124 70 133 12.4 66 132 11.8 62 130 11.222 62 126 11.3 59 125 10.7 55 123 10.220 55 119 10.2 52 117 9.7 49 114 9.218 48 110 9.1 46 108 8.7 43 104 8.3

2000 28 79 140 14.1 74 140 13.2 70 138 12.426 72 135 12.8 68 134 12.1 64 133 11.424 66 129 11.7 62 128 11.1 58 127 10.522 59 123 10.6 56 122 10.1 52 119 9.620 52 116 9.6 49 114 9.2 46 110 8.718 45 106 8.6 43 103 8.2 40 98 7.8



GFC 700 AFCS



NOTE





STANDARDTEMPERATURE -1°C


RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- 86 152 17.8 81 151 16.226 85 147 17.3 80 147 15.9 75 146 14.624 79 143 15.5 74 142 14.4 70 141 13.322 71 137 13.7 67 136 12.8 63 134 12.020 63 129 12.0 60 128 11.3 56 126 10.8

2300 28 --- --- --- 85 150 16.4 80 150 15.226 83 146 15.9 78 145 14.8 73 144 13.824 77 141 14.5 72 140 13.5 68 139 12.622 69 135 12.9 65 134 12.1 61 132 11.420 61 127 11.4 58 126 10.9 54 123 10.3

2200 28 88 149 16.3 83 149 15.3 78 148 14.226 81 144 14.8 76 144 13.9 71 142 13.024 74 139 13.5 70 138 12.7 66 137 12.022 67 132 12.2 63 132 11.5 59 130 10.920 59 125 10.9 56 124 10.4 52 121 9.918 52 117 9.9 49 115 9.4 46 111 9.0

2100 28 84 146 15.2 79 146 14.2 74 145 13.326 77 141 13.8 72 140 12.9 68 139 12.224 70 136 12.6 66 135 11.9 62 133 11.222 63 129 11.4 60 128 10.8 56 126 10.320 56 122 10.3 53 120 9.8 50 117 9.318 49 113 9.3 46 110 8.9 44 106 8.4

2000 28 79 143 14.1 75 142 13.3 70 141 12.526 73 138 12.9 69 137 12.2 64 135 11.524 66 132 11.8 62 131 11.2 59 129 10.622 60 126 10.7 56 125 10.2 53 122 9.720 53 118 9.7 50 116 9.3 47 113 8.818 46 109 8.7 44 106 8.3 41 101 7.9



CRUISE PERFORMANCEPRESSURE ALTITUDE 10,000 FEET


NOTE







RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- 87 155 17.8 81 154 16.226 85 150 17.3 80 150 15.9 75 148 14.724 79 146 15.7 75 145 14.5 70 144 13.422 72 140 13.9 68 139 13.0 64 137 12.220 64 132 12.2 60 131 11.5 57 128 10.9

2300 28 --- --- --- 85 154 16.4 80 152 15.226 83 149 16.0 78 148 14.9 74 147 13.824 77 144 14.6 73 143 13.6 68 142 12.822 70 138 13.1 66 137 12.3 62 135 11.620 62 130 11.6 59 129 11.0 55 126 10.4

2200 28 88 152 16.4 83 152 15.3 78 151 14.326 81 147 14.9 76 146 14.0 72 145 13.124 75 142 13.6 71 141 12.9 66 140 12.122 68 135 12.3 64 135 11.7 60 133 11.120 60 128 11.1 57 127 10.5 53 124 10.018 53 120 10.0 50 118 9.6 47 114 9.1

2100 28 84 149 15.2 79 149 14.3 74 147 13.326 77 144 13.9 73 143 13.0 68 142 12.224 71 138 12.7 67 138 12.0 63 136 11.322 64 132 11.5 60 131 11.0 57 128 10.420 57 125 10.4 54 122 9.9 50 119 9.418 50 116 9.4 47 113 9.0 45 109 8.6

2000 28 79 146 14.1 75 145 13.3 70 144 12.526 73 140 13.0 69 139 12.2 65 138 11.524 67 135 11.9 63 134 11.3 59 132 10.622 60 129 10.9 57 127 10.3 54 124 9.820 54 121 9.8 51 118 9.4 48 115 8.918 47 111 8.8 44 108 8.4 42 103 8.0



GFC 700 AFCS



NOTE







RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- 87 158 17.8 81 156 16.226 85 153 17.3 80 152 15.9 75 151 14.624 79 148 15.7 75 148 14.5 70 146 13.522 73 143 14.0 69 142 13.1 65 140 12.320 64 135 12.2 61 134 11.6 57 131 11.0

2300 28 --- --- --- 85 156 16.4 80 155 15.226 83 151 16.0 78 151 14.9 74 149 13.824 77 146 14.6 73 145 13.6 68 144 12.722 70 140 13.1 66 139 12.3 62 138 11.620 62 133 11.6 59 131 11.0 55 128 10.5

2200 28 88 155 16.3 83 155 15.3 78 153 14.226 81 150 14.8 76 149 13.9 72 147 13.124 74 144 13.6 70 143 12.8 66 142 12.022 67 138 12.3 64 137 11.6 60 134 11.020 60 130 11.1 57 128 10.5 53 125 10.018 54 122 10.1 50 119 9.6 47 115 9.1

2100 28 84 152 15.2 79 151 14.2 74 150 13.326 77 146 13.8 73 145 13.0 68 144 12.224 71 141 12.6 67 140 11.9 63 138 11.322 64 134 11.5 60 133 10.9 57 130 10.420 57 127 10.4 54 124 9.9 51 121 9.518 50 118 9.5 48 114 9.0 45 110 8.6

2000 28 79 148 14.1 75 147 13.3 70 146 12.526 73 143 12.9 69 142 12.2 65 140 11.524 67 137 11.9 63 136 11.3 59 133 10.622 60 131 10.9 57 129 10.3 54 126 9.820 54 122 9.9 51 120 9.4 48 116 9.018 47 113 8.9 45 109 8.5 42 104 8.1





NOTE







RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- 87 160 17.8 81 159 16.226 85 155 17.2 80 155 15.8 75 153 14.624 80 151 15.8 75 150 14.6 71 149 13.522 73 145 14.1 69 144 13.2 65 143 12.320 65 137 12.3 61 136 11.6 57 133 11.0

2300 28 --- --- --- 85 159 16.4 80 157 15.226 83 154 15.9 78 153 14.8 73 152 13.824 77 149 14.6 73 148 13.6 68 147 12.722 70 143 13.2 66 142 12.4 62 140 11.620 63 135 11.7 59 133 11.1 55 130 10.5

2200 28 88 158 16.3 83 157 15.2 78 156 14.226 81 152 14.8 76 151 13.9 72 150 13.024 74 146 13.5 70 145 12.7 66 144 12.022 67 140 12.3 63 139 11.6 60 136 11.020 60 132 11.1 57 130 10.5 53 126 10.018 54 124 10.1 51 121 9.6 48 116 9.2

2100 28 83 154 15.1 79 153 14.2 74 152 13.226 77 148 13.8. 72 148 12.9 68 146 12.224 70 143 12.6 66 142 11.9 62 140 11.322 64 136 11.5 60 135 10.9 57 132 10.420 57 128 10.5 54 126 10.0 51 122 9.518 51 119 9.5 48 116 9.1 45 111 8.6

2000 28 79 150 14.1 74 150 13.2 70 148 12.426 73 145 12.9 69 144 12.2 64 142 11.524 67 139 11.9 63 138 11.3 59 135 10.622 60 133 10.9 57 130 10.3 54 127 9.820 54 124 9.9 51 121 9.4 48 117 9.018 48 114 9.0 45 110 8.5 42 104 8.1



GFC 700 AFCS



NOTE







RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 88 161 18.2 83 160 16.7 78 159 15.326 84 158 17.1 80 157 15.7 75 156 14.524 80 154 15.8 75 153 14.6 71 151 13.522 73 148 14.2 69 147 13.2 65 145 12.420 65 140 12.4 61 138 11.7 58 135 11.0

2300 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 86 159 16.6 81 158 15.5 76 157 14.326 82 156 15.8 78 155 14.7 73 154 13.724 77 151 14.5 72 150 13.5 68 149 12.722 70 145 13.1 66 144 12.4 62 141 11.620 63 137 11.7 59 135 11.1 55 131 10.5

2200 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 83 157 15.4 79 156 14.4 74 155 13.526 80 154 14.7 76 153 13.8 71 152 12.924 73 148 13.4 69 147 12.6 65 145 11.922 67 142 12.2 63 140 11.6 59 137 10.920 60 133 11.0 56 131 10.5 53 127 10.0

2100 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 79 154 14.4 75 153 13.5 70 151 12.626 76 151 13.7 72 150 12.9 68 148 12.124 70 145 12.5 66 144 11.9 62 141 11.222 64 138 11.5 60 136 10.9 56 133 10.320 57 130 10.4 54 127 9.9 50 123 9.4

2000 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 76 150 13.4 71 149 12.6 67 147 11.926 72 147 12.8 68 146 12.1 64 144 11.524 67 141 11.9 63 140 11.2 59 137 10.622 60 134 10.8 57 132 10.3 54 128 9.820 54 126 9.9 51 123 9.4 48 117 9.018 48 116 9.0 45 111 8.6 43 104 8.2





NOTE






20°C ABOVESTANDARD TEMP -1°C

RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 87 163 18.0 82 162 16.5 77 161 15.126 84 160 16.9 79 159 15.5 74 158 14.324 79 156 15.7 75 155 14.5 70 154 13.422 73 151 14.2 69 150 13.2 65 147 12.420 65 142 12.4 62 140 11.7 58 137 11.1

2300 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 85 161 16.4 80 160 15.3 75 159 14.226 81 158 15.6 77 157 14.5 72 156 13.524 76 153 14.4 72 152 13.4 67 150 12.622 70 147 13.1 66 146 12.3 62 143 11.620 62 139 11.6 59 136 11.0 55 132 10.4

2200 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 82 159 15.1 78 158 14.2 73 157 13.326 79 156 14.5 75 155 13.6 70 154 12.824 73 150 13.2 68 149 12.5 64 146 11.822 66 143 12.1 62 141 11.4 59 138 10.820 59 134 10.9 56 131 10.4 52 127 9.9

2100 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 79 156 14.2 74 155 13.3 70 153 12.526 76 153 13.6 71 152 12.8 67 150 12.024 69 147 12.4 65 145 11.8 62 142 11.122 63 140 11.4 60 137 10.8 56 134 10.320 56 131 10.4 53 127 9.9 50 122 9.4

2000 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 75 152 13.3 71 151 12.6 67 149 11.826 72 149 12.8 68 148 12.1 64 145 11.424 66 143 11.8 62 141 11.2 59 138 10.622 60 136 10.8 57 133 10.3 53 129 9.820 54 127 9.9 51 123 9.4 48 118 9.018 48 117 9.0 45 112 8.6 43 103 8.2



GFC 700 AFCS



NOTE






20°C ABOVESTANDARD TEMP -5°C

RPM %MCP KTAS

MPGPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

%MCP KTAS GPH

2400 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 86 165 17.8 82 165 16.3 77 163 14.926 83 162 16.7 78 162 15.4 73 160 14.224 79 159 15.6 75 158 14.4 70 156 13.422 73 153 14.2 69 152 13.2 65 149 12.420 65 145 12.4 62 142 11.7 58 138 11.1

2300 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 84 163 16.2 79 162 15.1 74 161 14.026 81 160 15.4 76 159 14.3 71 158 13.424 76 156 14.2 71 155 13.3 67 152 12.522 70 150 13.0 66 148 12.2 62 144 11.520 62 140 11.6 58 138 11.0 55 133 10.4

2200 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 81 161 14.9 76 160 14.0 72 158 13.126 78 158 14.3 74 157 13.4 69 155 12.624 72 152 13.1 68 150 12.3 64 147 11.622 65 145 11.9 62 142 11.3 58 138 10.720 58 135 10.8 55 132 10.3 52 126 9.8

2100 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 78 158 14.0 73 157 13.2 69 154 12.326 75 155 13.4 71 154 12.6 66 151 11.924 69 149 12.3 65 146 11.7 61 143 11.022 63 141 11.3 59 139 10.8 56 134 10.220 56 132 10.3 53 128 9.8 50 122 9.3

2000 28 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---27 75 155 13.3 70 154 12.5 66 150 11.826 72 152 12.7 68 150 12.0 64 147 11.424 66 145 11.7 62 143 11.1 58 139 10.522 60 137 10.8 57 134 10.3 53 130 9.820 54 128 9.8 51 124 9.4 48 117 8.918 48 118 9.0 46 112 8.6 43 103 8.2



RANGE PROFILE45 MINUTES RESERVE

64 GALLONS USABLE FUELCONDITIONS:3100 PoundsRecommended Lean Mixture for CruiseStandard TemperatureZero Wind

NOTEThis chart allows for the fuel used for engine start, taxi,takeoff and climb, and the distance during a normal climbup to 12,000 feet and maximum climb above 12,000 feet.




GFC 700 AFCS

RANGE PROFILE45 MINUTES RESERVE






ENDURANCE PROFILE45 MINUTES RESERVE






GFC 700 AFCS

ENDURANCE PROFILE45 MINUTES RESERVE






SHORT FIELD LANDING DISTANCE AT 2950 POUNDS

CONDITIONS:Flaps FULL Zero WindPower IDLE Paved, Level, Dry RunwayMaximum Braking Speed at 50 ft: 60 KIAS

NOTE



• For operation on dry grass runway, increase distancesby 45% of the “ground roll” figure.

• If landing with flaps up, increase the approach speed by10 KIAS and allow for 40% longer distances.

Figure 5-12

Pressure Altitude -

Feet

0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C 40°C

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Gnd Roll Feet

Total Feet To

Clear 50

Foot Obst

Sea Level 560 1300 580 1335 600 1365 620 1400 640 1435

1000 580 1265 600 1365 620 1400 645 1440 665 1475

2000 600 1370 625 1405 645 1440 670 1480 690 1515

3000 625 1410 645 1445 670 1485 695 1525 715 1560

4000 650 1450 670 1485 695 1525 720 1565 740 1600

5000 670 1485 695 1525 720 1565 745 1610 770 1650

6000 700 1530 725 1575 750 1615 775 1660 800 1700

7000 725 1575 750 1615 780 1665 805 1710 830 1750

8000 755 1625 780 1655 810 1715 835 1760 865 1805

U.S.T182TPHBUS-00 5-37/5-38

CESSNA SECTION 6MODEL T182T NAV III WEIGHT AND BALANCE/ GFC 700 AFCS EQUIPMENT LIST

WEIGHT AND BALANCE/EQUIPMENT LIST

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-3Airplane Weighing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-3

Airplane Weighing Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-5Sample Weight and Balance Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-7

Weight And Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-8Baggage Tiedown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-9Sample Loading Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11Loading Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-13Loading Arrangements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-14Internal Cabin Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-15Center Of Gravity Moment Envelope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-16Center of Gravity Limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-17/6-18

Comprehensive Equipment List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-19

U.S.T182TPHBUS-00 6-1/6-2


INTRODUCTION

This section describes the procedure for establishing the basic emptyweight and moment of the airplane. Sample forms are provided forreference. Procedures for calculating the weight and moment forvarious operations are also provided. For additional informationregarding Weight and Balance procedures, refer to the Aircraft Weightand Balance Handbook (FAA-H-8083-1). A comprehensive list ofCessna equipment available for this airplane is included at the back ofthis section.

Specific information regarding the weight, arm, moment and installedequipment for this airplane as delivered from the factory can be foundin the plastic envelope in the back of this POH.

WARNING

IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PILOT TO MAKESURE THE AIRPLANE IS LOADED PROPERLY.OPERATION OUTSIDE OF PRESCRIBED WEIGHT ANDBALANCE LIMITATIONS COULD RESULT IN ANACCIDENT AND SERIOUS OR FATAL INJURY.

AIRPLANE WEIGHING PROCEDURES1. Preparation:

a. Inflate tires to recommended operating pressures.b. Defuel airplane. Refer to the Maintenance Manual.c. Service engine oil as required to obtain a normal full

indication (approximately 8 quarts on dipstick).d. Move sliding seats to the most forward position.e. Raise flaps to the fully retracted position.f. Place all control surfaces in neutral position.g. Remove all non-required items from airplane.



SECTION 6 CESSNAWEIGHT AND BALANCE/ MODEL T182T NAV IIIEQUIPMENT LIST GFC 700 AFCS

AIRPLANE WEIGHING PROCEDURES (Continued)

2. Level:a. Place scales under each wheel (minimum scale capacity,

1000 pounds).b. Deflate the nose tire and/or lower or raise the nose strut to

properly center the bubble in the level (Refer to Figure 6-1).3. Weigh:

a. Weigh airplane in a closed hangar to avoid errors caused byair currents.

b. With the airplane level and brakes released, record theweight shown on each scale. Deduct the tare, if any, fromeach reading.

4. Measure:a. Obtain measurement A by measuring horizontally (along the

airplane centerline) from a line stretched between the mainwheel centers to a plumb bob dropped from the firewall.

b. Obtain measurement B by measuring horizontally andparallel to the airplane centerline, from center of nosewheelaxle, left side, to a plumb bob dropped from the line betweenthe main wheel centers. Repeat on right side and averagethe measurements.

5. Using weights from step 3 and measurements from step 4, theBasic Empty Weight and C.G. can be determined by completingFigure 6-1 (Sheet 2).

6. Changes to the Airplane Weight and Balance due to alteration orrepair must be documented in a permanent record within thePOH similar to that shown in Figure 6-2.

7. A new Basic Empty Weight and CG Arm based on actualairplane weight (as weighed) is required after a major repair oralteration. It is recommended that the airplane be weighed toverify Basic Empty Weight and CG Arm at intervals not toexceed 5 years.



AIRPLANE WEIGHING FORM




SAMPLE WEIGHT AND BALANCE RECORD

Figure 6-2



WEIGHT AND BALANCE

The following information will enable you to operate your Cessna withinthe prescribed weight and center of gravity limitations. To determineweight and balance, use the Sample Loading Problem (Figure 6-3),Loading Graph (Figure 6-4), and Center of Gravity Moment Envelope(Figure 6-7) as follows:

Enter the appropriate basic empty weight and moment/1000 from theweight and balance records for your airplane in the YOUR AIRPLANEcolumn of the Sample Loading Problem.

NOTE

In addition to the basic empty weight and moment noted onthese records, the C.G. arm (FS) is also shown, but neednot be used on the Sample Loading Problem. The momentwhich is shown must be divided by 1000 and this valueused as the moment/1000 on the loading problem.

Use the Loading Graph to determine the moment/1000 for eachadditional item to be carried; then list these on the loading problem.

NOTE

Loading Graph information for the pilot, passengers andbaggage is based on seats posit ioned for averageoccupants and baggage loaded in the center of thebaggage areas as shown on the Loading Arrangementsdiagram. For loadings which may differ from these, theSample Loading Problem lists fuselage stations (FS) forthese items to indicate their forward and aft C.G. rangelimitations (seat travel and baggage area limitation). Referto Figures 6-5 and 6-6 for additional loading information.Additional moment calculations, based on the actual weightand C.G. arm (FS) of the item being loaded, must be madeif the position of the load is different from that shown on theLoading Graph.

Total the weights and moments/1000 and plot these values on theCenter of Gravity Moment Envelope to determine whether the pointfalls within the envelope, and if the loading is acceptable.




WEIGHT AND BALANCE (Continued)

BAGGAGE TIEDOWN

A nylon baggage net having four tiedown straps is provided asstandard equipment to secure baggage in the area aft of the rear seat(baggage areas, A, B and C). Eight eyebolts serve as attaching pointsfor the net. A placard on the baggage door defines the weightlimitations in the baggage areas.

When baggage area A is utilized for baggage only, the four forwardeyebolts should be used. When only baggage area B is used, theeyebolts just aft of the baggage door and the eyebolts above or belowthe shelf area may be used. When only baggage area C is utilized, theeyebolts above and below the shelf area should be used. When thecabin floor (baggage areas A and B) is utilized for baggage, the fourforward eyebolts and the eyebolts mounted above or below the shelfarea should be used. When there is baggage in areas B and C, theeyebolts just aft of the baggage door and the eyebolts above and belowthe shelf area should be used.




WEIGHT AND BALANCE (Continued)

BAGGAGE TIEDOWN (Continued)

When baggage is contained in all three areas, the two forward eyeboltson the cabin floor, the eyebolts just aft of the baggage door or theeyebolts at the bottom of the forward portion of the shelf area and theeyebolts near the upper forward surface of the shelf area should beused.

The rear bench seat can be removed to access the floorboard area ofthe rear cabin. Baggage may then be tied down using ten tiedowneyebolts to standard attach points located in the interior area of theairplane shown in Figure 6-6.

The maximum allowable floor loading of the rear cabin area is 200pounds/square foot; however, when items with small or sharp supportareas are carried, the installation of a plywood floor is recommended toprotect the airplane structure.

The maximum rated load weight capacity for each of the ten tiedowns is140 pounds. Rope, strap or cable used for tiedown should be rated at aminimum of ten times the load weight capacity of the tiedown fittingsused. Weight and balance calculations for items in the area of the rearseat and baggage area can be figured on the Loading Graph using thelines labeled Rear Passengers or Cargo.



SAMPLE LOADING PROBLEM

ITEM DESCRIPTION

WEIGHT AND MOMENT TABULATION

SAMPLE AIRPLANE

YOUR AIRPLANE

Weight (lbs)

Moment (lb-ins/1000)

Weight (lbs)

Moment (lb-ins/1000)

1 - Basic Empty Weight (Use the data pertaining to your airplane as it is presently equipped. Includes unusable fuel and full oil) 2029 73.0

2 - Usable Fuel (At 6 Lbs./Gal.)

- Standard Fuel - 87 Gallons Maximum 522 24.3

- Reduced Fuel - 64 Gallons

3 - Pilot and Front Passenger (FS 32 to 50) 340 12.6

4 - Rear Passengers (FS 74) 170 12.6

Cargo - Replacing Rear Passenger Seat(FS 65 to 82)

5 - *Baggage “A” (FS 82 to 109) 120 Pounds Maximum

*Baggage “B” (FS 109 to 124) 80 Pounds Maximum 51 5.9

*Baggage “C” (FS 124 to 134) 80 Pounds Maximum

6 - RAMP WEIGHT AND MOMENT 3112 128.4

7 - Fuel allowance for engine start, taxi and runup -12.0 -0.6

8 - TAKEOFF WEIGHT AND MOMENT (Subtract Step 7 from Step 6) 3100 127.8

9 - Locate this point (3100 at 127.8) on the Center of Gravity Moment Envelope,and since this point falls within the envelope, the loading is acceptable,providing that flight time is allowed for fuel burn-off to a maximum of 2950pounds before landing.

*The maximum allowable combined weight capacity for baggage in areas A, Band C is 200 pounds. The maximum allowable combined weight capacity inareas B and C is 80 pounds.




SAMPLE LOADING PROBLEM

NOTE

When several loading configurations are representative ofyour operations, it may be useful to fill out one or more ofthe above columns so specific loadings are available at aglance.




LOADING GRAPH

NOTE

Line representing adjustable seats shows the pilot andfront seat passenger center of gravity on adjustable seatspositioned for average occupant. Refer to the LoadingArrangements diagram for forward and aft l imits ofoccupant C.G. range.

Figure 6-4



LOADING ARRANGEMENTS

*Pilot or passenger center of gravity on adjustable seats positionedfor average occupant. Numbers in parentheses indicate forwardand aft limits of occupant center of gravity range.

*Arm measured to the center of the areas shown.

NOTE

• The usable fuel C.G. arm is located at FS 46.50.

• The aft baggage wall (approximate FS 134.00) can beused as a convenient interior reference point fordetermining the location of baggage area fuselagestations.

Figure 6-5



INTERNAL CABIN DIMENSIONS

NOTE

• Maximum allowable floor loading is 200 pounds persquare foot.

• All dimensions shown are in inches.

Figure 6-6



CENTER OF GRAVITY MOMENT ENVELOPE

NOTE

If takeoff weight is more than maximum landing weight,allow flight time for fuel burn off to 2950 pounds beforelanding.

Figure 6-7



CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS

NOTE

If takeoff weight is more than maximum landing weight,allow flight time for fuel burn off to 2950 pounds beforelanding.

Figure 6-8

U.S.T182TPHBUS-00 6-17/6-18


COMPREHENSIVE EQUIPMENT LISTFigure 6-9 is a comprehensive list of all Cessna equipment which is available forthe Model T182T airplane equipped with Garmin G1000 Integrated Cockpit Systemand GFC 700 Autopilot. This comprehensive equipment list provides the followinginformation in column form:

In the ITEM NO column, each item is assigned a coded number. The first twodigits of the code represent the identification of the item within Air TransportAssociation Specification 100 (11 for Paint and Placards; 24 for ElectricalPower; 77 for Engine Indicating, etc.). These assignments also correspond tothe Maintenance Manual chapter for the airplane. After the first two digits, itemsreceive a unique sequence number (01, 02, 03, etc.). After the sequencenumber, a suffix letter is assigned to identify equipment as a required item, astandard item or an optional item.

Suffix letters are as follows:

In the EQUIPMENT LIST DESCRIPTION column, each item is assigned adescriptive name to help identify its function.

In the REF DRAWING column, a Cessna drawing number is provided whichcorresponds to the item.

NOTE

If additional equipment is to be installed, it must be done inaccordance with the reference drawing, service bulletin or a separateFAA approval.

In the WT LBS and ARM INS columns, information is provided on the weight (inpounds) and arm (in inches) of the equipment item.

NOTE

• Unless otherwise indicated, true values (not net change values)for the weight and arm are shown. Positive arms are distances aftof the airplane datum; negative arms are distances forward of thedatum.

• Asterisks (*) in the weight and arm column indicate completeassembly installations. Some major components of the assemblyare listed on the lines immediately following. The sum of thesemajor components does not necessarily equal the completeassembly installation.

R = Required items or equipment for FAA certification (14 CFR 23 or 14CFR 91).

S = Standard equipment items.

O = Optional equipment items replacing required or standard items.

A = Optional equipment items which are in addition to required orstandard items.




ITEM NO EQUIPMENT LIST DESCRIPTIONREF

DRAWINGWT LBS

ARM INS.

11 - PAINT AND PLACARDS11-01-S PAINT, OVERALL WHITE WITH COLOR STRIPE 0711117-1 19.6* 92.9*

- OVERALL WHITE COLOR 18.8 91.5- COLOR STRIPING 0.8 135.9

21 - AIR CONDITIONING21-01-S VENTILATORS, ADJUSTABLE, CABIN AIR 0719010 1.7 38.521-02-S CABIN HEATER SYSTEM, SHROUDED MUFFLER

TYPE0750636 2.5 -29.5

21-03-R FORWARD AVIONICS COOLING FAN - MC24B3 3930370 0.5 12.721-04-R AFT AVIONICS COOLING FAN 3940389 1.1 125.5

22 - AUTO FLIGHT22-01-S GFC 700 AFCS 6.9* 141.1*

- PITCH SERVO 3940452-1 2.3 185.9- PITCH TRIM SERVO 3940454-1 2.3 176.4- ROLL SERVO 3940453-1 2.3 61.0

23 - COMMUNICATIONS23-01-S STATIC DISCHARGE WICKS, (SET OF 10) 1201131-2 0.3 152.923-02-R AUDIO/INTERCOM/MARKER BEACON 3930368

- GMA 1347 AUDIO PANEL 3910317-2 2.6 16.5- CI-102 MARKER BEACON ANTENNA 3960193-2 0.5 131.5

23-03-R NAV/COM/GPS #1 COMPUTER 3940389- GIA 63W INTEGRATED AVIONICS UNIT 3910317-4 4.9 134.0- CI 2580-200 VHF COMM/GPS ANTENNA 3960222-7 0.5 61.2

23-04-S NAV/COM/GPS #2 COMPUTER 3940389- GIA 63W INTEGRATED AVIONICS UNIT 3910317-4 4.9 134.0- CI 2580-410 VHF COMM/GPS/XM ANTENNA 3960222-8 0.5 61.2

or- CI 2580-200 VHF COMM/GPS ANTENNA 3960222-9 0.5 61.2- CI 420-10 XM ANTENNA 3960234-1 0.5 41.5

24 - ELECTRICAL POWER24-01-R ALTERNATOR, 28 VOLT, 95 AMP, -9910592-3 0750636 15.7 -33.424-02-R BATTERY, 24 VOLT, 10.00 AMP HOUR 0718016 27.2 132.124-03-R POWER DISTRIBUTION MODULE S3100-366 6.4* -2.5*

- ALTERNATOR CONTROL UNIT AC2101 0.2 -2.5- MASTER CONTACTOR X61-0007 0.7 -2.5- STARTER CONTACTOR X61-0027 0.7 -2.5- AMMETER TRANSDUCER CS3200 0.1 -2.0

24-04-S BATTERY, STANDBY - AVT 200413,24 VOLT, 6.20 AMP HOUR

0718023-1 14.0 10.8





DRAWINGWT LBS

ARM INS.

25 - EQUIPMENT/FURNISHINGS25-01-R SEAT, PILOT, ADJUSTABLE, CLOTH/VINYL

COVER0719113-1 33.8 41.5

25-02-O SEAT, PILOT, ADJUSTABLE, LEATHER/VINYLCOVER

0719114-1 34.3 41.5

25-03-S SEAT, FRONT PASSENGER, ADJUSTABLE,CLOTH/VINYL COVER

0719113-2 33.8 41.5

25-04-O SEAT, FRONT PASSENGER, ADJUSTABLE,LEATHER/VINYL COVER

0719114-2 34.3 41.5

25-05-S SEAT, REAR PASSENGER, TWO PIECE BACK,CLOTH/VINYL COVER

0719115-1 50.0 82.0

25-06-O SEAT, REAR PASSENGER, TWO PIECE BACK,LEATHER/VINYL COVER

0719116-1 51.0 82.0

25-07-R SEAT BELT AND SHOULDER HARNESS, INERTIAREEL, AUTO ADJUST, PILOT AND FRONTPASSENGER

0719087 5.2 50.3

25-08-S SEAT BELT AND SHOULDER HARNESS, INERTIAREEL, AUTO ADJUST, REAR SEAT

0719087 5.2 87.8

25-09-S SUN VISOR (SET OF 2) 0519004-2 1.2 33.025-10-S BAGGAGE RESTRAINT NET 1215171-2 0.5 108.025-11-S CARGO TIEDOWN RINGS (SET OF 10) FD-2997M34-2 0.4 108.025-12-S TOW BAR, NOSE GEAR (STOWED) 0501019-1 1.7 108.025-13-R PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK AND FAA

APPROVED AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL(STOWED IN FRONT PASSENGER'S SEAT BACK)

0700765-3 2.2 49.5

25-14-R GARMIN G1000 COCKPIT REFERENCE GUIDE(STOWED IN COCKPIT SIDE PANEL POCKET)

1.5 15.0

25-15-O APPROACH PLATE HOLDER 2619012-1 0.1 22.025-16-S FUEL SAMPLING CUP (STOWED) 0500838 0.1 49.525-17-S ARTEX ME406 - 2 FREQUENCY ELT 3940461-1 2.6* 137.7*

- ELT TRANSMITTER ME406 2.1 134.2- ANTENNA AND CABLE ASSY 110-338 0.5 152.4

25-18-O ARTEX C406-N - 3 FREQUENCY ELT 3940462-1 5.1* 139.1*- ELT TRANSMITTER C406-N 4.6 137.7- ANTENNA AND CABLE ASSY 110-338 0.5 152.4





DRAWINGWT LBS

ARM INS.

26 - FIRE PROTECTION26-01-S FIRE EXTINGUISHER 0501011-3 5.3* 29.0*

- FIRE EXTINGUISHER, HAND TYPE A352GS 4.8 29.0- MOUNTING CLAMP AND HARDWARE 1290010-1 0.5 29.0

27 - FLIGHT CONTROLS27-01-S DUAL CONTROLS, RIGHT SEAT 0706015-4 5.9* 12.9*

- CONTROL WHEEL, COPILOT 0713377-6 2.3 26.0- RUDDER AND BRAKE PEDAL, COPILOT 0760650-4 3.6 6.8

27-02-O RUDDER PEDAL EXTENSION (SET OF 2)(INSTALLED ARM SHOWN)

0501082-2 2.9 8.0

28 - FUEL28-01-R AUXILIARY FUEL PUMP - S100-00-4 0716158 1.9 -12.028-02-R FUEL SENDER, FLOAT TYPE - S3852-3, -4 0720701 0.1 56.3

orFUEL SENDER, VIBROMETER - 76-207-4, -5 0720701 0.9 56.3

30 - ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION30-01-S ELECTRIC HEATED BOOTS, PROPELLER 0750645 5.1 -22.030-02-S STALL SENSOR HEAT AND PITOT HEAT 0720701 0.7 28.0

31 - INDICATING/RECORDING SYSTEM31-01-S RECORDING HOURMETER - C664503-0103 0706015 0.5 16.731-02-R STALL WARNING SYSTEM

- STALL WARNING HORN - 0718007-1 0718009 0.5 40.0- WING UNIT, STALL WARNING - S1672-9 0720701 0.3 25.6

31-03-R GEA 71 ENGINE/AIRFRAME UNIT 3930368 2.2 11.431-04-R GTP 59 OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE (OAT)

PROBE0706015 0.1 41.5

32 - LANDING GEAR32-01-R WHEEL BRAKE AND TIRE, 6.00 X 6 MAIN (2) 0741625-19 37.1* 58.6*

- WHEEL ASSY CLEVELAND 40-75B (EACH) C163001-0301 7.8 58.9- BRAKE ASSY CLEVELAND 30-52 (EACH) 030-05219-1 1.8 55.5- TIRE, 6-PLY (EACH) C262003-0204 7.9 58.9- TUBE (EACH) C262023-0102 1.3 58.9

32-02-R WHEEL AND TIRE ASSY, 5.00 X 5 NOSE 0540000-2 8.8* -7.1*- WHEEL ASSY CLEVELAND 40-77 1241156-12 2.8 -7.1- TIRE, 6-PLY C262003-0202 4.6 -7.1- TUBE C262023-0101 1.4 -7.1

32-03-A WHEEL FAIRING AND INSTALLATION 0741650-1 16.4* 44.5*- WHEEL FAIRING, NOSE 0742411-1 3.1 -6.0- WHEEL FAIRINGS, MAIN (SET OF 2) 0741648-1, -2 9.5 60.6

32-04-A HUB CAPS, WHEELS 0741048-8 0.1 62.1





DRAWINGWT LBS

ARM INS.

33 - LIGHTS33-01-S MAP LIGHT IN CONTROL WHEEL 0760149-5 0.2 21.533-02-S COURTESY LIGHTS UNDER WING 0700615-18 0.7 61.733-03-S FLASHING BEACON, GROUND RECOGNITION 0701042-6, -7 0.8 253.133-04-R STROBE LIGHT 0723207 3.2 40.433-05-S LANDING AND TAXI LIGHT, HID 1221059-14, -15 2.2 26.8

34 - NAVIGATION34-01-R STANDBY AIRSPEED INDICATOR - S3325-9 0706015 0.7 16.234-02-R STANDBY ATTITUDE INDICATOR - S3326-8 0706015 2.2 14.034-03-R STANDBY ALTIMETER, SENSITIVE WITH 20

FOOT MARKINGS, INCHES OF MERCURY ANDMILLBARS - S3828-1

0706015 0.9 15.3

34-04-S ALTERNATE STATIC AIR SOURCE 0701028-4 0.2 15.534-05-R COMPASS, MAGNETIC 1213679-5 0.5 18.034-06-R TRANSPONDER 3940389

- GTX-33 TRANSPONDER 3910317-5 3.6 134.0- CI 105-16 TRANSPONDER ANTENNA 3960195 0.4 86.5

34-07-R PFD DISPLAY 3930374- GDU-1044B DISPLAY 3910317-1 6.5 15.0

34-08-R MFD DISPLAY 3930374- GDU-1044B DISPLAY 3910317-1 6.5 15.0

34-09-R ATTITUDE HEADING REFERENCE SENSOR(AHRS)

3940389

- GRS 77 AHRS 3910317-3 2.6 134.0- GMU 44 MAGNETOMETER 3940394 0.3 44.0

34-10-R AIR DATA COMPUTER 3930368- GDC 74A AIR DATA COMPUTER 3910317-6 3.6 11.4

34-11-O WX 500 STORMSCOPE- PROCESSOR - S3100-276 3940403 2.5 162.0- ANTENNA - 805-10930-001 3960206 1.0 175.4

34-12-S GDL-69A DATALINK 3930368 2.8 11.434-13-O AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER (ADF)

- KR 87 ADF RECEIVER 3930495 3.2 12.2- ADF ANTENNA 3960192 4.2 39.3

34-14-O DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME)- KN 63 REMOTE DME 3940449 2.8 177.2- CI 105-16 DME ANTENNA 3960232 0.4 114.5

34-15-O KTA 810 TRAFFIC ADVISORY SYSTEM 3940441 8.8 165.0





DRAWINGWT LBS

ARM INS.

35 - OXYGEN35-01-S OXYGEN SYSTEM

- -OXYGEN CYLINDER AND VALVE - EMPTY 804882-33 14.8 143.5- OXYGEN SYSTEM PROVISIONS 0701166-27 3.0 95.6

35-02-S OXYGEN MASKS 1.4 67.2- PILOT C166005-0609 0.2 41.5- 3 PASSENGERS C166005-0207 0.7 68.5

35-03-S OXYGEN, 50 CU. FT., (1850 PSI) @ 0.0832 LB./CU. FT.

4.2 143.5

37 - VACUUM37-01-R ENGINE DRIVEN VACUUM PUMP

- VACUUM PUMP - AA3215CC 0706009 2.1 -5.0- COOLING SHROUD 1201998-1 0.2 -5.6- FILTER 1201075-2 0.3 11.5- VACUUM REGULATOR AA2H3-2 0.5 2.1

37-02-R VACUUM TRANSDUCER - P165-5786 0706015 0.3 8.5

53 - FUSELAGE53-01-S REFUELING STEPS AND HANDLE 0701127-2 1.7 15.253-02-A STABILIZER ABRASION BOOTS (SET OF 2) 0500041 0.6 206.0

56 - WINDOWS56-01-S WINDOW, HINGED RIGHT SIDE 0711050-50 3.9 48.056-02-S WINDOW, HINGED LEFT SIDE 0711050-49 3.9 48.0

61 - PROPELLER61-01-R PROPELLER ASSEMBLY, 3-BLADE OIL FILLED

HUB - P4427296-0253MCCAULEY B3D36C442/80VSB-1(WEIGHT WITHOUT 30-01-S)

0750645 76.6 -47.5

61-02-R - SPINNER, 3-BLADE - D-7261-2 0750645 4.1 -49.961-03-R - GOVERNOR, PROPELLER - C161031-0119 0750636 2.7 -42.5

71 - POWERPLANT71-01-R FILTER, INDUCTION AIR - P106150 0750636 1.3 -35.2

72 - ENGINES72-01-R ENGINE, LYCOMING TIO-540-AK1A 0750636-1 473.8* -24.0*





DRAWINGWT LBS

ARM INS.

73 - ENGINE FUEL AND CONTROL73-01-R MANIFOLD PRESSURE TRANSDUCER -

P165-30A-E4C

0706015-4 0.1 -8.5

73-02-R FUEL FLOW TRANDUCER - 680501K 0750636 0.8 -28.877 - ENGINE INDICATING

77-01-R ENGINE TACHOMETER SENSOR - 1A3C-2 0701172 0.2 -8.077-02-R CYLINDER HEAD THERMOCOUPLES

(ALL CYLINDERS) - 32DKWUE006F0126

0701172 0.2 -12.0

77-03-S EXHAUST THERMOCOUPLES (ALL CYLINDERS) - 86317

0701172 0.3 -12.0

77-04-R TURBINE INLET TEMPERATURE (TIT)THERMOCOUPLE - TE12525-01

0750636 0.2 -12.2

78 - EXHAUST78-01-R EXHAUST SYSTEM 0750636 2.5* -12.0*

- EXHAUST STACK 0750644-1 - EXHAUST SHIELD 0750648-2

79 - OIL79-01-R OIL COOLER - 10891A 0750636 5.5 -12.079-02-R OIL PRESSURE SENSOR - P165-5281 0750636 0.2 -12.979-03-R OIL TEMPERATURE SENSOR - S2335-1 0750636 0.2 -6.4

U.S.T182TPHBUS-01 6-25/6-26

CESSNA SECTION 7MODEL T182T NAV III AIRPLANE AND SYSTEM DESCRIPTION GFC 700 AFCS

AIRPLANE AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION


Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-5Airframe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-5Flight Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6

Trim Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-7Manual Electric Trim. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-7

Instrument Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-10Pilot Panel Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-10Center Panel Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11Right Panel Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13Center Pedestal Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13

Flight Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-16Attitude Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-17Airspeed Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-18Altimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-18Horizontal Situation Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-19Vertical Speed Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-20

Ground Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-21Wing Flap System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-22Landing Gear System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-23Baggage Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-23Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-24Integrated Seat Belt/Shoulder Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-25Entrance Doors And Cabin Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-27Control Locks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-28Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-29

Engine Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-29Engine Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-30Manifold Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-31RPM (Tachometer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-32Fuel Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-32Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-33Oil Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-34Turbine Inlet Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-35



SECTION 7 CESSNAAIRPLANE AND SYSTEM DESCRIPTION MODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS


Cylinder Head Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-35Exhaust Gas Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-36New Engine Break-In And Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-37Engine Lubrication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-37Ignition And Starter System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38Air Induction System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-38Exhaust System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-39Fuel Injection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-39Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-40Turbocharging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-40

Propeller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-46Propeller Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-47

Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-48Fuel Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49Fuel Indicating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49Fuel Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-51Auxiliary Fuel Pump Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-53Fuel Return System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-54Fuel Venting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-54Reduced Tank Capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-54Fuel Selector Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-55Fuel Drain Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-56

Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-56Electrical System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-57

G1000 Annunciator Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-61Master Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-61Standby Battery Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-62Avionics Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-62Electrical System Monitoring And Annunciations . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-63Bus Voltage (Voltmeters) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-63Ammeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-64Standby Battery Annunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-64Low Voltage Annunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-65High Voltage Annunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-66

Circuit Breakers And Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-67External Power Receptacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-68





Lighting Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-69Exterior Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-69Interior Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-70

Cabin Heating, Ventilating And Defrosting System . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-72Oxygen System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-74Pitot-Static System And Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-79Vacuum System And Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-80

Attitude Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-80Vacuum Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-80Low Vacuum Annunciation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-80

Clock/O.A.T. Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-82Stall Warning System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-82Standard Avionics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-83

Garmin Display Units (GDU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-83Audio Panel (GMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-84Integrated Avionics Unit (GIA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-84Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) and Magnetometer (GRS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-84Air Data Computer (GDC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-85Engine Monitor (GEA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-85Transponder (GTX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-85XM Weather and Radio Data Link (GDL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-85GFC 700 Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) . . . . . . . . . . .7-86Control Wheel Steering (CWS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-86L3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-88Bendix/King KTA 870 Traffic Advisory/Multi-Hazard Awareness System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-88

Avionics Support Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-89Avionics Cooling Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-89Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-90Microphone And Headset Installations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-91Auxiliary Audio Input Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-9212V Power Outlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-93Static Dischargers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-94

Cabin Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-95Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-95Cabin Fire Extinguisher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-95Carbon Monoxide Detection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-96

U.S.T182TPHBUS-01 7-3/7-4


INTRODUCTION

This section provides description and operation of the airplane and itssystems. Some equipment described herein is optional and may not beinstalled in the airplane. Refer to Section 9, Supplements, for details ofother optional systems and equipment.

AIRFRAME

The airplane is an all metal, four-place, high wing, single-engineairplane equipped with tricycle landing gear and is designed for generalutility purposes.

The construction of the fuselage is a conventional formed sheet metalbulkhead, stringer, and skin design referred to as semimonocoque.Major items of structure are the front and rear carry through spars towhich the wings are attached, a bulkhead and forgings for main landinggear attachment at the base of the rear door posts, and a bulkhead withattach fittings at the base of the forward door posts for the lowerattachment of the wing struts. Four engine mount stringers are alsoattached to the forward door posts and extend forward to the firewall.

The externally braced wings, containing integral fuel tanks, areconstructed of a front and rear spar with formed sheet metal ribs,doublers, and stringers. The entire structure is covered with aluminumskin. The front spars are equipped with wing-to-fuselage and wing-to-strut attach fittings. The aft spars are equipped with wing-to-fuselageattach fittings, and are partial span spars. Conventional hinged aileronsand single slot type flaps are attached to the trailing edge of the wings.The ailerons are constructed of a forward spar containing balanceweights, formed sheet metal ribs and V type corrugated aluminum skinjoined together at the trailing edge. The flaps are constructed basicallythe same as the ailerons, with the exception of the balance weights andthe addition of a formed sheet metal leading edge section.

The empennage (tail assembly) consists of a conventional verticalstabilizer, rudder, horizontal stabilizer, and elevator. The verticalstabilizer consists of a forward and aft spar, formed sheet metal ribsand reinforcements, four skin panels, formed leading edge skins and adorsal fin.




GFC 700 AFCS

AIRFRAME (Continued)

The rudder is constructed of a forward and aft spar, formed sheet metalribs and reinforcements, and a wrap-around skin panel. The top of therudder incorporates a leading edge extension which contains a balanceweight.

The horizontal stabilizer is constructed of a forward and aft spar, ribsand stiffeners, center upper and lower skin panels and two, left and tworight wrap-around skin panels which also form the leading edges. Thehorizontal stabilizer also contains the elevator trim tab actuator.

Construction of the elevator consists of formed leading edge skins, aforward spar, ribs, torque tube and bellcrank, left upper and lower Vtype corrugated skins, and right upper and lower V type corrugatedskins incorporating a trailing edge cut-out for the trim tab. Both elevatortip leading edge extensions incorporate balance weights. The elevatortrim tab consists of a spar, rib, and upper and lower V type corrugatedskins.

FLIGHT CONTROLS

The airplane's flight control system (Refer to Figure 7-1) consists ofconventional aileron, rudder, and elevator control surfaces. The controlsurfaces are manually operated through mechanical linkage using acontrol wheel for the ailerons and elevator, and rudder/brake pedals forthe rudder. The elevator control system is equipped with downspringswhich provide improved stability in flight.




FLIGHT CONTROLS (Continued)

TRIM SYSTEMS

A manually operated rudder and elevator trim is provided (Refer toFigure 7-1). The rudder is trimmed through a bungee connected to therudder control system and a trim control wheel mounted on the controlpedestal. This is accomplished by rotating the horizontally mounted trimcontrol wheel either left or right to the desired trim position. Rotating thetrim wheel to the right will trim nose-right; conversely, rotating it to theleft will trim nose-left. The elevator is trimmed through the elevator trimtab by utilizing the vertically mounted trim control wheel. Forwardrotation of the trim wheel will trim nose-down, conversely, aft rotationwill trim nose-up.

MANUAL ELECTRIC TRIM SYSTEM

Refer to the Garmin G1000 Cockpit Reference Guide (CRG) for moreinformation on system operation.




GFC 700 AFCS

FLIGHT CONTROLS AND TRIM SYSTEM




FLIGHT CONTROLS AND TRIM SYSTEMS




GFC 700 AFCS

INSTRUMENT PANEL

The instrument panel (Refer to Figure 7-2) is of all metal constructionand is installed in sections so equipment can be easily removed formaintenance. The glareshield, above and projecting aft from theinstrument panel, limits undesirable reflections on the windshield fromlighted equipment and displays mounted in the instrument panel.

The Nav III instrument panel contains the Garmin Display Unit (GDU)Primary Flight Display (PFD) and Multifunction Display (MFD) and theGarmin Audio Panel. For specific details regarding the instruments,switches, circuit breakers and controls on the instrument panel, refer tothe related topics in this section.

PILOT PANEL LAYOUT

The PFD, centered on the instrument panel in front of the pilot, showsthe primary flight instruments during normal operation. During enginestart, reversionary operation (MFD failure) or when the DISPLAYBACKUP switch is selected, the Engine Indication System (EIS) isshown on the PFD. Refer to the Garmin G1000 CRG for specificoperating information.

The Standby Battery (STBY BATT) switch is found at the upper leftcorner of the pilot instrument panel on an internally lighted subpanel.The switch positions (ARM/OFF/TEST) select the standby batteryoperating modes. The rocker-type MASTER and AVIONICS switchesare found immediately below the standby battery switch.

The controls for adjusting instrument panel, equipment, and pedestallighting are found together on the subpanel below the MASTER andAVIONICS switches. See the INTERNAL LIGHTING paragraphs of thissection for more information.




INSTRUMENT PANEL (Continued)

PILOT PANEL LAYOUT (Continued)

Switches for the airplane electrical systems and equipment are foundon an internally lighted subpanel found below the lower left corner ofthe PFD. Each switch is labeled for function and is ON when the handleis in the up position. See the ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT descriptionsin this section for further information.

The circuit breaker panel is found along the lower edge of the pilot'sinstrument panel below the electrical equipment switch panel and pilotcontrol wheel column. Each circuit breaker is identified for theequipment or function it controls and for the bus from which it receivespower. Lighting for this subpanel is controlled using the SW/CBPANELS dimmer control. See the ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTdescriptions in this section for further information.

CENTER PANEL LAYOUT

The Garmin audio panel is found on the upper half of the centerinstrument panel, immediately to the right of the PFD. A pushbuttonswitch labeled DISPLAY BACKUP to manually select display reversionmode is found on the lower face of the audio panel. Refer to the GarminG1000 CRG for operating information.

The MFD is found on the upper center panel to the right of the audiopanel. The MFD depicts EIS information along the left side of thedisplay and shows navigation, terrain, lightning and traffic data on themoving map. Flight management or display configuration informationcan be shown on the MFD in place of the moving map pages. Refer tothe Garmin G1000 CRG for operating information.




GFC 700 AFCS


CENTER PANEL LAYOUT (Continued)

The standby instrument cluster is in the center instrument panel belowthe audio panel. A conventional (mechanical) airspeed indicator and asensitive aneroid altimeter are on each side of the vacuum-poweredattitude indicator. The pitot-static instruments share the airplane pitothead and static ports with the air data computer. The attitude indicatorfeatures a low vacuum flag to provide immediate warning of vacuumsystem failure.

The engine controls are found on the lower center instrument panelbelow the standby instrument cluster. The controls are conventionalpush-pull-type controls and include throttle, prop RPM and mixture.See ENGINE description in this section for operating information.

The alternate static air valve is found adjacent to the throttle control.Refer to the PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS descriptionin this section for operating information.

The wing flap control lever and indicator are found at the lower rightside of the center panel. Refer to the WING FLAP SYSTEM descriptionin this section for operating information.





RIGHT PANEL LAYOUT

The Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) remote switch (ON/ARM/TEST RESET) is positioned at the upper inboard corner of the rightpanel adjacent to the MFD. Refer to Section 9, Supplements, for ELToperating information.

The Hour (Hobbs) meter is found to the right of the ELT switch andrecords engine operating time, when oil pressure is greater than 20PSI, for maintenance purposes. Refer to the ENGINE INSTRUMENTSdescription in this section for further information.

CENTER PEDESTAL LAYOUT

The center pedestal, located below the center panel, contains theelevator and rudder trim control wheels, trim position indicators, cowlflap control lever, 12V power outlet, aux audio input jack and a bracketfor the microphone. The fuel selector valve handle is located at thebase of the pedestal.



GFC 700 AFCS

INSTRUMENT PANEL

Figure 7-2



INSTRUMENT PANEL

1. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT)2. STBY BATT Switch3. STBY BATT Test Annunciator4. AVIONICS Switch (BUS 1 and BUS 2)5. Primary Flight Display6. Standby Airspeed Indicator7. Audio Control Panel8. Standby Attitude Indicator9. Standby Altimeter10. Multifunction Display11. ELT Remote Switch/Annunciator12. Flight Hour Recorder13. Bendix/King KR87 Automatic Direction Finder (if installed)14. Microphone Button15. Glove Box16. Defroster Control17. Cabin Heat Control18. Cabin Air Control19. Wing Flap Control Lever And Position Indicator20. Mixture Control Knob21. Propeller Control Knob22. Cowl Flap Control Lever23. Aux Audio Input Jack24. Fuel Selector Valve25. Handheld Microphone26. 12V/10A Power Outlet27. Rudder Trim Control Wheel And Position Indicator28. Elevator Trim Control Wheel And Position Indicator29. Throttle Control Knob (With Friction Lock)30. Go-Around Button31. ALT Static Air Valve Control32. Yoke Mounted Map Light33. Parking Brake Handle34. Circuit Breaker Panel35. Electrical Switch Panel36. MAGNETOS/START Switch37. DIMMING Panel



GFC 700 AFCS

FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

The G1000 Integrated Cockpit System primary flight instrumentindications are shown on the PFD. The primary flight instruments arearranged on the PFD in the basic T configuration. The Attitude Indicator(AI) and Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) are centered vertically onthe PFD and are conventional in appearance and operation. Verticaltape-style (scrolling scale) indicators with fixed pointers and digitaldisplays, show airspeed, altitude, and vertical speed. The verticalindicators take the place of analog indicators with a fixed circular scaleand rotating pointer.

Knobs, knob sets (two knobs on a common shaft) and membrane typepush button switches, found on the bezel surrounding each GDUdisplay, control COM, NAV, XPDR, AUTOPILOT, and GPS avionics, setBARO (barometric pressure), CRS (course), and HDG (heading), andwork various flight management functions. Some push button switchesare dedicated to certain functions (keys) while other switches havefunctions defined by software (softkeys). A softkey may perform variousoperations or functions at various times based on software definition.Softkeys are found along the lower bezel of the GDU displays.




FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

ATTITUDE INDICATOR

The G1000 attitude indicator is shown on the upper center of the PFD.The attitude indication data is provided by the Attitude and HeadingReference System (AHRS). The G1000 attitude indicator provides ahorizon line that is the full width of the GDU display.

The roll index scale is conventional with 10° graduations to 30° andthen 15° graduations to 60° of roll. The roll pointer is slaved to theairplane symbol. The pitch index scale is graduated in 5° incrementswith every 10° of pitch labeled. If pitch limits are exceeded in either thenose-up or nose-down direction, red warning chevrons will appear onthe indicator to point the way back to level flight. A small whitetrapezoid located below the roll pointer moves laterally left and right toprovide the slip-skid information previously supplied by the skidindicator ball. The trapezoid should be centered below the roll pointerfor coordinated turns. The standby (vacuum) attitude indicator is foundon the lower center instrument panel.




GFC 700 AFCS


AIRSPEED INDICATOR

The G1000 vertical tape airspeed indicator is shown along the upperleft side of the PFD. The airspeed indication data is provided by the airdata computer unit. Colored bands are provided to indicate themaximum speed, high cruise speed caution range, normal operatingrange, full wing flap operating range and low airspeed awareness band.Calculated true airspeed is displayed in a window at the bottom edge ofthe airspeed tape.

The standby (pneumatic) airspeed indicator is found on the lowercenter instrument panel. Colored arcs are provided to indicate themaximum speed, high cruise speed caution range, normal operatingrange, full wing flap operating range and low airspeed awareness band.

ALTIMETER

The primary altitude indicator (altimeter) is found along the right side ofthe attitude indicator on the PFD. The altitude indication data isprovided by the air data computer unit. The local barometric pressure isset using the BARO knob on the GDU displays.

A cyan selectable altitude reference pointer, bug, is displayed on thealtimeter tape and is set using the ALT SEL knob on the GDU displays.The altitude bug set-point is shown in a window at the top edge of thealtimeter.

The standby (aneroid) sensitive altimeter is found on the lower centerinstrument panel.





HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR

The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) is found along the lower centerarea of the PFD. The heading indication data is provided by the AHRSand magnetometer units. The HSI combines a stabilized magneticdirection indicator (compass card) with selectable navigation deviationindicators for GPS or VHF navigation. The HSI is conventional inappearance and operation.

Magnetic heading is shown numerically in a window centered abovethe heading index (lubber line) at the top of the HSI. Reference indexmarks are provided at 45° intervals around the compass card. Acircular segment scale below the heading window at the top of the HSIshows half and standard rates of turn based on the length of themagenta turn vector.

The cyan HSI heading reference pointer, bug, is set using the HDGknob on the GDU display. The selected heading is shown digitally in awindow above the upper left 45° index mark. The selected heading willprovide control input to the autopilot when engaged in HDG mode.

The CDI navigation source shown on the HSI is set using the CDIsoftkey to select from GPS, NAV 1 or NAV 2 inputs. The coursereference pointer is set using the CRS knob on the GDU display. Theselected course is shown digitally in a window above the upper right45° index mark. The selected navigation source will provide controlinput to the autopilot when engaged in NAV, APR or BC mode and it isreceiving a navigation signal from the selected GPS or VHF NAVradios.




GFC 700 AFCS


HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (Continued)

WARNING


VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR

The Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) tape is found on the right side of thealtimeter display along the upper right side of the PFD. The verticalspeed pointer moves up and down the fixed VSI scale and shows therate of climb or descent in digits inside the pointer. The VSI tape has anotch on the right edge at the 0 feet/min index for reference. Rate ofdescent is shown with a negative sign in front of the digits. Verticalspeed must exceed 100 feet/min in climb or descent before digits willappear in the VSI pointer.



GROUND CONTROL

Effective ground control while taxiing is accomplished throughnosewheel steering by using the rudder pedals; left rudder pedal tosteer left and right rudder pedal to steer right. When a rudder pedal isdepressed, a spring loaded steering bungee, which is connected to thenose gear and to the rudder bars, will turn the nosewheel through anarc of approximately 11° each side of center. By applying either left orright brake, the degree of turn may be increased up to 29° each side ofcenter.

Moving the airplane by hand is most easily accomplished by attachinga towbar to the nose gear strut. If a towbar is not available, or pushingis required, use the wing struts as push points. Do not use the verticalor horizontal surfaces to move the airplane. If the airplane is to betowed by vehicle, never turn the nosewheel more than 29° either sideof center or structural damage to the nose gear could result.

The minimum turning radius of the airplane, using differential brakingand nosewheel steering during taxi, is approximately 27 feet. To obtaina minimum radius turn during ground handling, the airplane may berotated around either main landing gear by pressing down on a tailconebulkhead just forward of the horizontal stabilizer to raise the nosewheeloff the ground. Care should be exercised to ensure that pressure isexerted only on the bulkhead area and not on skin between thebulkheads. Pressing down on the horizontal stabilizer to raise thenosewheel off the ground is not recommended.



GFC 700 AFCS

WING FLAP SYSTEM

The single slot type wing flaps (Refer to Figure 7-3), are extended orretracted by positioning the wing flap control lever on the instrumentpanel to the desired flap deflection position. The wing flap control leveris moved up or down in a slotted panel that provides mechanical stopsat the 10° and 20° positions. To change flap setting, the wing flapcontrol lever is moved to the right to clear mechanical stops at the 10°and 20° positions. A scale and pointer to the left of the wing flap controllever indicates flap travel in degrees. The wing flap system circuit isprotected by a 10-ampere circuit breaker, labeled FLAP, on the left sideof the circuit breaker panel.

Figure 7-3



LANDING GEAR SYSTEM

The landing gear is of the tricycle type, with a steerable nosewheel andtwo main wheels. Wheel fairings are standard equipment for both themain wheels and nosewheel. Shock absorption is provided by thetubular spring steel main landing gear struts and the air/oil nose gearshock strut. Each main gear wheel is equipped with a hydraulically-actuated disc type brake on the inboard side of each wheel.

BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT

The baggage compartment consists of the area from the back of therear passenger seats to the aft cabin bulkhead. Access to the baggagecompartment is gained through a lockable baggage door on the leftside of the airplane, or from within the airplane cabin. A baggage netwith tiedown straps is provided for securing baggage and is attached bytying the straps to tiedown rings provided in the airplane. For baggagearea and door dimensions, refer to Section 6.



GFC 700 AFCS

SEATS

The seating arrangement consists of two vertically adjusting crew seatsfor the pilot and front seat passenger, and an infinitely adjustable splitaft bench seat for rear seat passengers.

Seats used for the pilot and front seat passenger are adjustableforward and aft, and up and down. Additionally, the angle of the seatback is infinitely adjustable.

Forward and aft adjustment is made using the handle located below thecenter of the seat frame. To position the seat, lift the handle, slide theseat into position, release the handle and check that the seat is lockedin place. To adjust the height of the seat, rotate the large crank underthe right corner of the seat until a comfortable height is obtained. Toadjust the seat back angle, pull up on the release button, located incenter front of seat, just under the seat bottom, position the seat backto the desired angle, and release the button. When the seat is notoccupied, the seat back will automatically fold forward whenever therelease button is pulled up.

The rear passenger seat consists of a fixed, one piece seat bottom andan infinitely adjustable split back. Seat back controls are locatedbeneath each seat bottom and provide adjustment for each seat back.To adjust the seat back, raise the lever, position the seat back to thedesired angle, release the lever, and check that the seat back issecurely locked in place.

Headrests are installed on both the front and rear seats. To adjust theheadrest, apply enough pressure to it to raise or lower it to the desiredlevel.



INTEGRATED SEAT BELT/SHOULDER HARNESS

All seat positions are equipped with integrated seat belts/shoulderharness assemblies (Refer to Figure 7-4). The design incorporates anoverhead inertia reel for the shoulder portion, and a retractor assemblyfor the lap portion of the belt. This design allows for complete freedomof movement of the upper torso area while providing restraint in the lapbelt area. In the event of a sudden deceleration, reels lock up to providepositive restraint for the user.

In the front seats, the inertia reels are located on the centerline of theupper cabin area. In the rear seats, the inertia reels are locatedoutboard of each passenger in the upper cabin.

To use the integrated seat belt/shoulder harness, grasp the link withone hand, and, in a single motion, extend the assembly and insert intothe buckle. Positive locking has occurred when a distinctive snapsound is heard.

Proper locking of the lap belt can be verified by ensuring that the beltsare allowed to retract into the retractors and the lap belt is snug and lowon the waist as worn normally during flight. No more than oneadditional inch of belt should be able to be pulled out of the retractoronce the lap belt is in place on the occupant. If more than oneadditional inch of belt can be pulled out of the retractor, the occupant istoo small for the installed restraint system and the seat should not beoccupied until the occupant is properly restrained.

Removal is accomplished by pressing the release button on the buckleand pulling out and up on the harness. Spring tension on the inertia reelwill automatically stow the harness.



GFC 700 AFCS

INTEGRATED SEAT BELT/SHOULDER HARNESS

Figure 7-4*



ENTRANCE DOORS AND CABIN WINDOWS

Entry to, and exit from, the airplane is accomplished through either oftwo entry doors, one on each side of the cabin, at the front seatpositions (Refer to Section 6 for cabin and cabin door dimensions). Thedoors incorporate a recessed exterior door handle, a conventionalinterior door handle, a key operated door lock (left door only), a doorstop mechanism, and openable windows in both the left and rightdoors.

NOTE

The door latch design on this model requires that theoutside door handle on the pilot and front passenger doorsbe extended out whenever the doors are open. Whenclosing the door, do not attempt to push the door handle inuntil the door is fully shut.

To open the doors from outside the airplane, utilize the recessed doorhandle near the aft edge of either door by grasping the forward edge ofthe handle and pulling outboard. To close or open the doors from insidethe airplane, use the combination door handle and arm rest. The insidedoor handle has three positions and a placard at its base which readsOPEN, CLOSE, and LOCK. The handle is spring loaded to the CLOSE(up) position. When the door has been pulled shut and latched, lock itby rotating the door handle forward to the LOCK position (flush with thearm rest). When the handle is rotated to the LOCK position, an overcenter action will hold it in that position. Both cabin doors should belocked prior to flight, and should not be opened intentionally duringflight.

NOTE

Accidental opening of a cabin door in flight due to improperclosing does not constitute a need to land the airplane. Thebest procedure is to set up the airplane in a trimmedcondition at approximately 80 KIAS, momentarily shove thedoor outward slightly, and forcefully close and lock the door.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENTRANCE DOORS AND CABIN WINDOWS(Continued)

Exit from the airplane is accomplished by rotating the door handle fromthe LOCK position, past the CLOSE position, aft to the OPEN positionand pushing the door open. To lock the airplane, lock the right cabindoor with the inside handle, close the left cabin door, and using theignition key, lock the door.

The left and right cabin doors are equipped with openable windowswhich are held in the closed position by a detent equipped latch on thelower edge of the window frame. To open the windows, rotate the latchupward. Each window is equipped with a spring-loaded retaining armwhich will help rotate the window outward, and hold it there. If required,either window may be opened at any speed up to 175 KIAS. The rearside windows and rear windows are of the fixed type and cannot beopened.

CONTROL LOCKS

A control lock is provided to lock the aileron and elevator controlsurfaces to prevent damage to these systems by wind buffeting whilethe airplane is parked. The lock consists of a shaped steel rod and flag.The flag identifies the control lock and cautions about its removalbefore starting the engine. To install the control lock, align the hole inthe side of the pilot’s control wheel shaft with the hole in the side of theshaft collar on the instrument panel and insert the rod into the alignedholes. Installation of the lock will secure the ailerons in a neutralposition and the elevators in a slightly trailing edge down position.Proper installation of the lock will place the flag over the ignition switch.In areas where high or gusty winds occur, a control surface lock shouldbe installed over the vertical stabilizer and rudder. The control lock andany other type of locking device should be removed prior to starting theengine.



ENGINE

The airplane is powered by a direct drive, horizontally opposed, sixcylinder, overhead valve, turbocharged, air cooled, fuel injected enginewith a wet sump lubrication system. The engine is a Lycoming ModelTIO-540-AK1A rated at 235 horsepower at 2400 RPM and 32 in.hg.Major accessories include a propeller governor, starter and belt drivenalternator mounted on the front of the engine, dual magnetos, vacuumpump, engine driven fuel pump, and a full flow oil filter mounted on therear of the engine accessory case.

Other major accessories include a turbocharger connected to theinduction air and exhaust systems, and associated components.

ENGINE CONTROLS

Engine manifold pressure is set using the throttle control. The throttlecontrol is a smooth black knob located at the center of the instrumentpanel below the standby instruments. The throttle control is configuredso that the throttle is open in the forward position and closed in the fullaft position. A friction lock, located at the base of the throttle, isoperated by rotating the lock clockwise to increase friction orcounterclockwise to decrease friction.

Engine speed is controlled by the propeller control. The propellercontrol is a fluted blue knob located immediately to the right of thethrottle control. This system is described under Propeller in this section.

Engine fuel mixture is controlled by the mixture control. The mixturecontrol is a red knob, with raised points around the circumference,located immediately to the right of the propeller control and is equippedwith a lock button in the end of the knob. The rich position is fullforward, and full aft is the idle cutoff position. For small adjustments, thecontrol may be moved forward by rotating the knob clockwise, and aftby rotating the knob counterclockwise. For rapid or large adjustments,the knob may be moved forward or aft by depressing the lock button inthe end of the control, and then positioning the control as desired.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)

ENGINE INSTRUMENTS

The G1000 Engine Indication System provides graphical indicators andnumeric values for engine, fuel, and electrical system parameters to thepilot. The EIS is shown in a vertical strip on the left side of the PFDduring engine starts and on the MFD during normal operation. If eitherthe MFD or PFD fails during flight, the EIS is shown on the remainingdisplay.

The EIS consists of three pages that are selected using the ENGINEsoftkey. The ENGINE page provides indicators for Manifold Pressure(MAN IN), Tachometer (RPM), Fuel Flow (FFLOW GPH), Oil Pressure(OIL PRES), Oil Temperature (OIL TEMP), Cylinder Head Temperature(CHT), Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT), Fuel Quantity (FUEL QTYGAL), Electrical Bus Voltages (VOLTS), and Battery Currents (AMPS).When the ENGINE softkey is pressed, the LEAN and SYSTEMsoftkeys appear adjacent to the ENGINE softkey. The LEAN pageprovides simultaneous indicators for Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) aswell as Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT °F) and Cylinder HeadTemperature (CHT °F) on all cylinders to be used for adjusting, orleaning, the fuel/air mixture along with a digital value for FFLOW GPHand a indicator for FUEL QTY GAL. The SYSTEM page providesnumerical values for parameters on the ENGINE page that are shownas indicators only. The SYSTEM page also provides an indicator forvacuum (VAC) and a digital value for Engine Hours (ENG HRS), FuelUsed (GAL USED) and Fuel Remaining (GAL REM).

The engine and airframe unit, located forward of the instrument panel,receives signals from the engine/system sensors for the parametersthat are being monitored. The engine and airframe unit provides data tothe EIS, which displays the data for the ENGINE page described on thefollowing pages.




ENGINE (Continued)

ENGINE INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

MANIFOLD PRESSURE

Manifold pressure is shown by the MAN IN indicator at the top of all EISpages. The manifold pressure indicator uses a circular scale andmoving pointer with a digital value. The pointer moves through a rangeof 10 to 35 in.hg. The digital manifold pressure value is shown in whitenumerals below the pointer.

Colored arcs on the manifold pressure indicator show differentoperating ranges. For operation below 15,000 feet the normal operatingrange is from 15 to 28 in.hg. and indicated by the green arc with a redarc from 32 to 35 in.hg.

When operating above 15,000 feet and below 20,000 feet indicatedaltitude, the green arc range changes to 15 to 27 in.hg., which is oneinch less manifold pressure at the top of the green arc.

The maximum manifold pressure at all altitudes is 32 in.hg. Whenmanifold pressure is 34 in.hg. or more, the pointer will turn red, whilethe digital value and label (MAN IN) will turn red and flash to showmanifold pressure is more than the limit.

The manifold pressure indicator includes a white index mark at 25in.hg. This white index mark and a white index mark on the fuel flowindicator at 16 gallons per hour (GPH) show manifold pressure and fuelflow for a normal climb power setting at 2400 RPM.

An absolute pressure transducer, located between the firewall and theinstrument panel, provides a signal to the engine and airframe unitwhich processes and outputs the data to the EIS. A red X through themanifold pressure display shows that the indicating system isinoperative.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)


RPM (TACHOMETER)

Engine speed is shown by the RPM indicator, found on all EIS pagesbelow the manifold pressure indicator. The tachometer indicator uses acircular scale with moving pointer and a digital value. The pointermoves through a range from 0 to 2700 RPM. The numerical RPM valueis displayed in increments of 10 RPM in white numerals below thepointer.

The normal engine speed operating limit (red line) is 2400 RPM. Whenengine speed is 2472 RPM or more, the pointer, digital value, and label(RPM) turn red to show engine speed is more than the limit. The digitalvalue and label (RPM) will flash. The engine speed (tachometer) isdisplayed in the same configuration and location on the LEAN andSYSTEM pages. If engine speed becomes 2472 RPM or more, whileon the LEAN or SYSTEM page, the display will return to the ENGINEpage.

A speed sensor, mounted on the engine tachometer drive accessorypad, provides a digital signal to the engine and airframe unit whichprocesses and outputs the RPM data to the EIS. A red X through theRPM indicator shows the indicating system is inoperative.

FUEL FLOW

Fuel flow is shown on the ENGINE page by the FFLOW GPH horizontalindicator. The indicator range is from 0 to 26 gallons per hour (GPH)with 2 GPH graduations. A green band from 0 to 18 GPH is the normaloperating range, and a green mark at 24 GPH is the minimum fuel flowfor maximum power (32 in.hg. manifold pressure and 2400 RPM). Awhite pointer shows the measured fuel flow.

The fuel flow indicator has a white index mark at 16 GPH. This whiteindex mark and a white index mark on the manifold pressure indicatorat 25 in.hg. show fuel flow and manifold pressure for a normal climbpower setting at 2400 RPM.




ENGINE (Continued)


FUEL FLOW (Continued)

A digital value for FFLOW GPH is included on both the EIS LEAN andSYSTEM pages.

The fuel flow transducer is located in the engine fuel injection systembetween the fuel/air control unit (servo) and the fuel distributionmanifold (flow divider). The transducer provides a signal to the enginedisplay that is processed and shown as fuel flow (FFLOW) on the EISpages. A red X through the indicator means the indicating system isinoperative.

OIL PRESSURE

Engine oil pressure is shown on the ENGINE page by the OIL PREShorizontal indicator. The indicator range is 0 to 120 PSI with a red bandfrom 0 to 20 PSI, a green band from 50 to 90 PSI (normal operatingrange) and a red band from 115 to 120 PSI. A white pointer indicatesactual oil pressure. Oil pressure is shown numerically on the SYSTEMpage.

When oil pressure is 0 to 20 PSI or 115 to 120 PSI, the pointer, digitalvalue, and label (OIL PRES) will change to red to show that oil pressureis outside normal limits. If oil pressure exceeds either the upper orlower limit while on the LEAN or SYSTEM page, the EIS will return tothe ENGINE page.

When the engine speed (RPM) is in the green arc and the oiltemperature is in the green band, the oil pressure should be in thegreen band. If oil pressure is below the green band or above the greenband, adjust the engine speed to maintain adequate oil pressure. Whenengine speed is at idle or near idle, the oil pressure indication must beabove the lower red band. With the engine at normal operating oiltemperature, and engine speed at or close to idle, oil pressure belowthe green band, but above the lower red band, is acceptable.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)


OIL PRESSURE (Continued)

In cold weather, the oil pressure will initially be high (close to the upperred band when the engine is started). As the engine and oil warm up,the oil pressure will come down into the green band range.

The oil pressure transducer, connected to the engine forward oilpressure port, provides a signal to the engine display that is processedand shown as oil pressure. A separate low oil pressure switch causesan OIL PRESSURE annunciation on the PFD when oil pressure is 0 to20 PSI. A red X through the oil pressure indicator means that theindicating system is inoperative.

OIL TEMPERATURE

Engine oil temperature is shown on the ENGINE page by the OILTEMP horizontal indicator. The indicator range is from 75°F to 250°Fwith a green band (normal operating range) from 100°F to 245°F and ared band from 245°F to 250°F. A white pointer indicates actual oiltemperature. Oil temperature is displayed numerically on the SYSTEMpage.

When oil temperature is in the red band, 245°F to 250°F, the pointerand OIL TEMP turn red and flash to show oil temperature is higher thanthe limit. If oil temperature becomes hotter than 245°F while on theLEAN or SYSTEM page, the display will default to the ENGINE page.

The oil temperature sensor is installed in the engine oil filter adapterand provides a signal to the engine display that is processed andshown as oil temperature. A red X through the indicator shows that theindicating system is inoperative.




ENGINE (Continued)


TURBINE INLET TEMPERATURE

Turbine inlet temperature is shown on the ENGINE page on the TIThorizontal indicator. A graphical and numerical TIT display is on theLEAN page, labeled TIT °F. The gage range is from 1300°F to 1700°F,with a normal range (green band) between 1350°F and 1685°F and awarning range (red band) between 1685°F and 1700°F. A red line at1685°F indicates maximum continuous turbine inlet temperature. Awhite pointer indicates actual TIT. On the LEAN page, the numericalvalue of TIT is shown above the white pointer. For more information,refer to LEANING USING THE TIT INDICATOR in Section 4.

When TIT is 1685°F or higher, the label (TIT) and pointer will turn redand flash to show turbine inlet temperature is higher than the limit. IfTIT is hotter than 1685°F while on the LEAN or SYSTEM page, thedisplay will default to the ENGINE page.

An Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) probe is installed in the transitionof the turbocharger turbine inlet and provides a signal to the enginedisplay that is processed and shown as TIT on the EIS. A red X throughthe indicator shows that the indicating system is inoperative.

CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE

Cylinder head temperature is shown on the ENGINE page on the CHThorizontal indicator. The gage range is from 100°F to 500°F, with agreen band from 200°F to 500°F and red line at 500°F. The whitepointer indicates relative CHT while the number inside of the pointeridentifies the hottest cylinder head. If a CHT probe or wire failureoccurs for the hottest CHT, the next hottest CHT will be displayed.

When the CHT is 500°F or hotter, the pointer will change to red and theCHT label will change to red and flash to show that the CHT is greaterthan the limit. If CHT becomes hotter than 500°F while on the LEAN orSYSTEM page, the display will default to the ENGINE page.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)


CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE (Continued)

The CHT for all six cylinders are displayed on the LEAN page. Thecylinder with the hottest CHT is indicated by a cyan bar graph. TheCHT for cylinder number two has been demonstrated to be the mostcritical, and operation with CHT 2 inoperative is not allowed. The LEANpage will show a red X over any cylinder that has a probe or wiringfailure.

A thermocouple is installed in each cylinder head and provides a signalto the engine display that is processed and shown as CHT on the EISLEAN page.

EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE

Exhaust gas temperature for all six cylinders is shown on the LEANpage of the EIS. The hottest cylinder is indicated by the cyan bar graph.The EGT for a particular cylinder may be shown by using the CYLSLCT softkey to select the desired cylinder. Automatic indication of thehottest cylinder will resume a short time after the CYL SLCT is lastselected. The LEAN page will show a red X over a cylinder that has aprobe or wiring failure.

A thermocouple is installed in the exhaust pipe of each cylinder whichmeasures EGT and provides a signal to the engine display that isprocessed and shown as EGT on the EIS LEAN page.




ENGINE (Continued)

NEW ENGINE BREAK-IN AND OPERATION

The engine run-in was accomplished at the factory and is ready for thefull range of use. It is suggested that cruising be accomplished at 75%power as much as practicable until a total of 50 hours has accumulatedor oil consumption has stabilized. This will ensure proper seating of thepiston rings.

The airplane is delivered from the factory with corrosion preventive oilin the engine. If, during the first 25 hours, oil must be added, use onlyMIL-L- 22851 or SAE J1899 Ashless Dispersant Oil.

ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM

The engine utilizes a full pressure, wet sump type lubrication systemwith aviation grade oil as the lubricant. The capacity of the enginesump, located on the bottom of the engine, is nine quarts with oneadditional quart contained in the engine oil filter. Oil is drawn from thesump through a filter screen on the end of a pickup tube to the enginedriven oil pump. Oil from the pump passes through a full-flow oil filter, apressure relief valve at the rear of the right oil gallery, and athermostatically controlled remote oil cooler. Oil from the remote cooleris then circulated to the left oil gallery and propeller governor. Theengine parts are then lubricated by oil from the galleries. Afterlubricating the engine, the oil returns to the sump by gravity. The filteradapter in the full-flow filter is equipped with a bypass valve which willcause lubricating oil to bypass the filter in the event the filter becomesplugged, or the oil temperature is extremely cold.

An oil dipstick/filler tube is located on the upper left side of the enginecase. The dipstick and oil filler tube are accessed through a doorlocated on the left center portion of the upper engine cowling. Theengine should not be operated on less than four quarts of oil. Tominimize loss of oil through the breather, fill to eight quarts for normalflights of less than three hours. For extended flight, fill to nine quarts(dipstick indication only). For engine oil grade and specifications, referto Section 8 of this POH.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)

IGNITION AND STARTER SYSTEM

Engine ignition is provided by two engine driven magnetos, and twospark plugs in each cylinder. The left magneto fires the upper left andlower right spark plugs, and the right magneto fires the lower left andupper right spark plugs. Normal operation is conducted with bothmagnetos due to the more complete burning of the fuel/air mixture withdual ignition.

Ignition and starter operation is controlled by a rotary-type switchlocated on the left switch and control panel. The switch is labeledclockwise, OFF, R, L, BOTH, and START. The engine should beoperated on both magnetos (BOTH position) except for magnetochecks. The R and L positions are for checking purposes andemergency use only. When the switch is rotated to the START position,(with the MASTER switch in the ON position), the starter contactor isclosed and the starter, now energized, will crank the engine. When theswitch is released, it will automatically return to the BOTH position.

AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM

The engine air induction system receives ram air through an intake onthe lower front portion of the engine cowling. The intake is covered byan air filter which removes dust and other foreign matter from theinduction air. Airflow passing through the filter enters an air box, whichis equipped with a spring-loaded alternate air door. If the air inductionfilter should become blocked, suction created by the engine will openthe door and draw unfiltered air from inside the lower cowl area. Anopen alternate air door will result in an approximate 10% power loss atfull throttle. After passing through the air box, induction air enters acompressor then to a fuel/air control unit under the engine, and is thenducted to the engine cylinders through intake manifold tubes.




ENGINE (Continued)

EXHAUST SYSTEM

Exhaust gas from each cylinder passes through a riser or exhaustcollector assembly (on the left or right side below the engine) to aturbocharger and overboard through a single tailpipe. Outside air issupplied to a shroud constructed around the exhaust crossover pipe toform a heating chamber. The air heated by the shroud is then suppliedto the cabin.

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM

The engine is equipped with a fuel injection system. The system iscomprised of an engine driven fuel pump, fuel/air control unit, fuelmanifold, fuel flow indicator, and air-bleed type injector nozzles.

Fuel is delivered by the engine driven fuel pump to the fuel/air controlunit. The fuel/air control unit correctly proportions the fuel flow to theinduction air flow. After passing through the control unit, induction air isdelivered to the cylinders through the intake manifold tubes andmetered fuel is delivered to a fuel manifold (flow divider). The fuelmanifold, through spring tension on a diaphragm and valve, evenlydistributes the fuel to an air-bleed type injector nozzle in the intakevalve chamber of each cylinder. A turbine-type fuel flow transducermounted between the fuel/air control unit and the fuel distribution unitproduces a digital signal that displays fuel flow on the EIS pages.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)

COOLING SYSTEM

Ram air for engine cooling enters through two intake openings in thefront of the engine cowling. The cooling air is directed from above theengine, around the cylinders and other areas of the engine by baffling,and then exits through cowl flaps on the lower aft edge of the cowling.The cowl flaps are mechanically operated from the cabin by means ofthe cowl flap control lever located on the right side of the controlpedestal and is labeled OPEN, COWL FLAPS, CLOSED. Any time thecontrol lever is repositioned, it must first be moved to the right to clearthe detent.

Before starting the engine, before takeoff and during high poweroperation, the cowl flap control lever should be placed in the OPENposition for maximum cooling. This is accomplished by moving thecontrol lever to the right to clear a detent, then moving the control leverup to the OPEN position.

While in cruise flight, cowl flaps should be closed unless hot dayconditions require them to be adjusted to keep the cylinder headtemperature at approximately two-thirds of the normal operating range(green band).

During extended descents, it may be necessary to completely close thecowl flaps by pushing the cowl flap control lever down to the CLOSEDposition.

TURBOCHARGING SYSTEM

Because the engine is turbocharged, some of its characteristics aredifferent from a normally aspirated engine. The following informationdescribes the system and points out some of the items that are affectedby turbocharging. Section 4 contains the normal operating proceduresfor the turbocharged engine.

The following steps, when combined with the turbocharger systemschematic (Figure 7-5), provide a better understanding of how theturbocharger system works. The steps follow the induction air as itenters and passes through the engine until it is expelled as exhaustgases.




ENGINE (Continued)

TURBOCHARGING SYSTEM (Continued)

1. Engine induction air is supplied through an opening in the lowercowl, ducted through a air filter and into the compressor where itis compressed.

2. The pressurized induction air then passes through the throttlebody and induction manifold into the cylinders.

3. The air and fuel are burned and exhausted through the turbine.4. The exhaust gases drive the turbine which, in turn, drives the

compressor, thus completing the cycle.

The compressor has the capability of producing manifold pressure inexcess of the takeoff maximum of 32 in.hg. In order not to exceed 32in.hg., a waste gate is used so that some of the exhaust will bypass theturbine and be vented into the tailpipe.

It can be seen from studying Steps 1 through 4 that anything thataffects the flow of induction air into the compressor or the flow ofexhaust gases into the turbine will increase or decrease the speed ofthe turbocharger. This resultant change in flow will have no effect onthe engine if the waste gate is still open because the waste gateposition is changed to hold compressor discharge pressure constant. Awaste gate controller automatically maintains maximum allowablecompressor discharge pressure any time the turbine and compressorare capable of producing that pressure.

At high altitude, part throttle, or low RPM, the exhaust flow is notcapable of turning the turbine and compressor fast enough to maintainmaximum compressor discharge pressure, and the waste gate willclose to force all of the exhaust flow through the turbine.

When the waste gate is fully closed, any change in turbocharger speedwill mean a change in engine operation. Thus, any increase ordecrease in turbine speed will cause an increase or decrease inmanifold pressure and fuel flow. If turbine speed increases, themanifold pressure increases; if the turbine speed decreases, themanifold pressure decreases. Since the compression ratio approaches3 to 1 at high altitude, any change in exhaust flow to the turbine or raminduction air pressure will be magnified proportionally by thecompression ratio and the change in flow through the exhaust system.




GFC 700 AFCS

TURBOCHARGER SCHEMATIC

Figure 7-5



ENGINE (Continued)


MANIFOLD PRESSURE VARIATION WITH ENGINE RPM

When the waste gate is open, the turbocharged engine will react thesame as a normally aspirated engine when the engine RPM is varied.That is, when the RPM is increased, the manifold pressure willdecrease slightly. When the engine RPM is decreased, the manifoldpressure will increase slightly.

However, when the waste gate is closed, manifold variation with engineRPM is just opposite of the normally aspirated engine. An increase inengine RPM will result in an increase in manifold pressure, and adecrease in engine RPM will result in a decrease in manifold pressure.

MANIFOLD PRESSURE VARIATION WITH ALTITUDE

At full throttle, the turbocharger has the capability of maintaining themaximum continuous manifold pressure of 32 in.hg. to 20,000 feetdepending on engine and atmospheric conditions. However, engineoperating limitations establish the maximum manifold pressure thatmay be used.

At part throttle, the turbocharger is capable of maintaining cruise climbpower of 2400 RPM and 25 in.hg. from sea level to 20,000 feet instandard temperatures.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)


MANIFOLD PRESSURE VARIATION WITH AIRSPEED

When the waste gate is closed, manifold pressure will vary withvariations in airspeed. This is because the compressor side of theturbocharger operates at pressure ratios of up to 3 to 1 and any changein pressure at the compressor inlet is magnified at the compressoroutlet with a resulting effect on the exhaust flow and turbine side of theturbocharger.

FUEL FLOW VARIATIONS WITH CHANGES IN MANIFOLDPRESSURE

The engine driven fuel pump output is regulated by engine speed andcompressor discharge pressure. Engine fuel flow is regulated by fuelpump output and the metering effects of the throttle and mixturecontrol. When the waste gate is open, fuel flow will vary directly withmanifold pressure, engine speed, mixture, or throttle control position. Inthis case, manifold pressure is controlled by throttle position and thewaste gate controller, while fuel flow varies with throttle movement andmanifold pressure.

When the waste gate is closed and manifold pressure changes are dueto turbocharger output, as discussed previously, fuel flow will followmanifold pressure even though the throttle position is unchanged. Thismeans that fuel flow adjustments required of the pilot are minimized to(1) small initial adjustments on takeoff or climb-out for the proper richclimb setting, (2) lean-out in cruise, and (3) return to full rich position forapproach and landing.




ENGINE (Continued)


MANIFOLD PRESSURE VARIATION WITH INCREASING ORDECREASING FUEL FLOW

When the waste gate is open, movement of the mixture control has littleor no effect on the manifold pressure of the turbocharged engine.

When the waste gate is closed, any change in fuel flow to the enginewill have a corresponding change in manifold pressure. That is,increasing the fuel flow will increase the manifold pressure anddecreasing the fuel flow will decrease the manifold pressure. This isbecause an increased fuel flow to the engine increases the mass flowof the exhaust. This turns the turbocharger faster, increasing theinduction air flow and raising the manifold pressure.

MOMENTARY OVERBOOST OF MANIFOLD PRESSURE

Under some circumstances (such as rapid throttle movement,especially with cold oil), it is possible that the engine can be overboosted slightly above the maximum takeoff manifold pressure of 32in.hg. This would most likely be experienced during the takeoff roll orduring a change to full throttle operation in flight. The induction airpressure relief valve will normally limit the overboost to 2 to 3 inches.

A slight overboost of 2 to 3 inches of manifold pressure is notconsidered detrimental to the engine as long as it is momentary. Nocorrective action is required when momentary overboost corrects itselfand is followed by normal engine operation. However, if overboosting ofthis nature persists when oil temperature is normal or if the amount ofoverboost tends to exceed 3 inches or more, the throttle should bereduced to eliminate the overboost and the controller system, includingthe waste gate and relief valve, should be checked for necessaryadjustment or replacement of components.




GFC 700 AFCS

ENGINE (Continued)


ALTITUDE OPERATION

Because a turbocharged airplane will climb faster and higher than anormally aspirated airplane, fuel vaporization may be encountered.When fuel flow variations of ±1 GPH or more are observed (as anervous fuel flow needle), or if a full rich mixture setting doesn't providethe desired fuel flow, placing the auxiliary fuel pump switch in the ONposition will control vapor. However, it will also increase fuel flow,making it necessary to adjust the mixture control for the desired fuelflow. The auxiliary fuel pump should be left on for the remainder of theclimb. It can be turned off whenever fuel flow will remain steady with itoff, and the mixture must be adjusted accordingly. The auxiliary fuelpump should be turned off and the mixture reset prior to descent.

PROPELLER

The airplane has an all metal, three-bladed, constant speed, governorregulated propeller. A setting introduced into the governor with thepropeller control establishes the propeller speed, and thus the enginespeed to be maintained. The governor then controls flow of engine oil,boosted to high pressure by the governing pump, to or from a piston inthe propeller hub. Oil pressure acting on the piston twists the bladestoward high pitch (low RPM). When oil pressure to the piston in thepropeller hub is relieved, centrifugal force, assisted by an internalspring, twists the blades toward low pitch (high RPM).

A propeller control knob, located on the lower center instrument panel,is used to set the propeller and control engine RPM as desired forvarious flight conditions. The control knob is labeled PROPELLER,PUSH INCR RPM. When the control knob is pushed in, blade pitch willdecrease, giving a higher RPM. When the control knob is pulled out,the blade pitch increases, thereby decreasing RPM. The propellercontrol knob is equipped with a vernier feature which allows slow or fineRPM adjustments by rotating the knob clockwise to increase RPM, andcounterclockwise to decrease it. To make rapid or large adjustments,depress the button on the end of the control knob and reposition thecontrol as desired.




PROPELLER (Continued)

PROPELLER HEAT

The propeller heat system provides a measure of protection for thepropeller blade surfaces if unexpected icing conditions areencountered. The system is operated by a three-position switch labeledPROP HEAT (TEST-ON-OFF) located on the switch panel. When theswitch is placed to the ON position, electric current flows to thepropeller heat timer, which cycles the current on and off for 90-secondperiods to the heated boots located on each of the propeller blades.The timer monitors the system current draw during the on periods andchecks the system for open and short circuit conditions. When thesystem conditions are normal, a green PROP HEAT annunciator isshown on the PFD. If the timer detects faulty system wiring or a heatedboot failure, it removes the current supply to the boots, and the greenPROP HEAT annunciator goes off and an amber PROP HEATannunciator comes on.

The timer will continue to monitor the status of the system during thefault condition and will return the system to normal operationautomatically if the detected faults are cleared. When the system is onand operating normally the monitor circuits of the timer can be tested byplacing the PROP HEAT switch in the TEST position. The testsimulates a propeller heat system fault and the timer will extinguish thegreen PROP HEAT annunciator and an amber PROP HEATannunciator will come on. Upon release of the test switch the systemwill return to normal operation.



GFC 700 AFCS

FUEL SYSTEM

The airplane fuel system (Refer to Figure 7-7) consists of two ventedintegral fuel tanks (one tank in each wing), two fuel manifolds (one ineach aft doorpost), a dual stack, four-position selector valve, anelectrically-driven auxiliary fuel pump, and a fuel strainer. The engine-mounted portion of the system consists of the engine driven fuel pump,a fuel/air control unit, fuel flow transducer, a fuel distribution valve (flowdivider) and fuel injection nozzles.

The fuel system also incorporates a fuel return system that returns fuelfrom the top of the fuel servo back to each integral wing tank. Thesystem includes a flexible fuel hose assembly between the servo andthe firewall. Aluminum fuel lines return the fuel to the top portion of theselector valve and then to the airplane’s integral tanks. One drain isadded to properly drain the fuel return system.

WARNING

UNUSABLE FUEL LEVELS FOR THIS AIRPLANE WEREDETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH FEDERALAVIATION REGULATIONS. FAILURE TO OPERATE THEAIRPLANE IN COMPLIANCE WITH FUEL LIMITATIONSSPECIFIED IN SECTION 2 MAY FURTHER REDUCE THEAMOUNT OF FUEL AVAILABLE IN FLIGHT.




FUEL SYSTEM (Continued)

FUEL QUANTITY DATA IN U.S. GALLONS

FUEL DISTRIBUTION

Fuel flows by gravity from the two wing tanks through the fuel manifold(aft pickup only), and to a four position selector valve. From the selectorvalve, fuel flows through the auxiliary fuel pump, the fuel strainer, andto the engine driven fuel pump. A portion of the fuel (approximately 7GPH) is returned to the wing tank currently selected through the use ofthe fuel return system. From the engine driven fuel pump, fuel isdelivered to the fuel/air control unit on the bottom of the engine. Thefuel/air control unit (fuel servo) meters fuel flow in proportion toinduction air flow. After passing through the control unit, metered fuelgoes to a fuel distribution valve (flow divider) located on the bottom ofthe engine. From the fuel distribution valve, individual fuel lines arerouted to air bleed type injector nozzles located in the intake chamberof each cylinder.

FUEL INDICATING SYSTEM

Fuel quantity is measured by two fuel quantity sensors, one in each fueltank, and is displayed on the EIS pages. The indicators are marked ingallons of fuel (GAL). An empty tank is displayed on the fuel quantityindicator (FUEL QTY GAL) as a red line on the far left of the indicatorscale, and the number 0. When an indicator shows an empty tank,approximately 2.5 gallons of unusable fuel remain in the tank. Theindicators should not be relied upon for accurate readings during skids,slips or unusual attitudes.


FUEL TANKS

FUEL LEVEL (QUANTITY

EACH TANK)TOTAL FUEL

TOTAL UNUSABLE

TOTAL USABLEALL FLIGHT CONDITIONS

Two Full (46.0) 92.0 5.0 87.0

Two Reduced (39.5) 79.0 5.0 74.0

Two Reduced (34.5) 69.0 5.0 64.0

Figure 7-6*



GFC 700 AFCS


FUEL INDICATING SYSTEM (Continued)

The fuel quantity indicator shows the fuel available in the tank up to thelimit of the sensor measurement range. At this level, additional fuel maybe added to completely fill the tank, but no additional movement of theindicator will result. The limit for sensor measurement range isapproximately 35 gallons and is indicated by the maximum limit of thegreen band. When the fuel level decreases below the maximum limit ofthe fuel sensor, the fuel quantity indicator will display fuel quantitymeasured in each tank. A visual check of each wing tank fuel levelmust be performed prior to each flight. Compare the visual fuel leveland indicated fuel quantity to accurately estimate usable fuel.

The fuel quantity indicators detect low fuel conditions and incorrectsensor outputs. When fuel quantity is less than 8 gallons indicated (andremains less than this level for more than 60 seconds), LOW FUEL L(left) and/or LOW FUEL R (right) will be displayed in amber on the PFDand a tone will sound. The fuel quantity indicator pointer(s) andindicator label will change from white to steady amber. When fuelquantity reaches the calibrated usable fuel empty level, the LOW FUELL and/or LOW FUEL R remain amber and the indicator pointer(s) andlabel change to flashing red.

NOTE

Takeoff is not recommended if both fuel quantity indicatorpointers are in the yellow band range and/or amber LOWFUEL L or LOW FUEL R annunciator is displayed on thePFD.

In addition to low fuel annunciation, the warning logic is designed toreport failures with each sensor. If the system detects a failure, theaffected fuel indicator will display a red X. A red X through the top partof the indicator indicates a failure associated with the left fuel tank. Ared X through the bottom part of the indicator indicates a failureassociated with the right fuel tank.





FUEL INDICATING SYSTEM (Continued)

Fuel flow is measured by use of a turbine type transducer mounted onthe centerline of the engine between the fuel/air control unit and thefuel distribution unit. This flow meter produces a signal that is displayedas the rate of fuel flow on the FFLOW GPH indicator on the EIS pages.FFLOW GPH is shown as either a horizontal analog indicator or adigital value, depending on the active EIS page.

FUEL CALCULATIONS

NOTE

Fuel calculations do not use the airplane’s fuel quantityindicators and are calculated from the last time the fuel wasreset.

For fuel consumption information, a fuel used totalizer function isprovided on the EIS SYSTEM page as GAL USED. This digitalindicator shows total fuel used since last reset of the totalizer. To resetthe GAL USED, the EIS SYSTEM page must be active and the RSTUSED softkey must be selected. GAL USED is calculated after resetusing information from the fuel flow transducer signal.

For fuel remaining information, a count down fuel totalizer function isprovided on the EIS System page as GAL REM. This digital indicatorshows calculated fuel remaining since last GAL REM pilot adjustment.To adjust GAL REM, the EIS SYSTEM page must be active and theGAL REM softkey must be selected followed by the appropriatequantity adjustment softkeys. Refer to the Garmin G1000 CRG fordetails for resetting and adjusting fuel calculations. GAL REM iscalculated after pilot adjustment using information from the fuel flowtransducer signal.

NOTE

GAL USED and GAL REM provide no indication of theactual amount of fuel remaining in each tank and shouldonly be used in conjunction with other fuel managementprocedures to estimate total fuel remaining.




GFC 700 AFCS


Figure 7-7*




AUXILIARY FUEL PUMP OPERATION

The auxiliary fuel pump is used primarily for priming the engine beforestarting. Priming is accomplished through the fuel injection system. Theengine may be flooded if the auxiliary FUEL PUMP switch isaccidentally placed in the ON position for prolonged periods, withMASTER Switch ON and mixture rich, with the engine stopped.

The auxiliary fuel pump is also used for vapor suppression in hotweather. Normally, momentary use will be sufficient for vaporsuppression; however, continuous operation is permissible if required.Turning on the auxiliary fuel pump with a normally operating enginedriven fuel pump will result in only a very minor enrichment of themixture.

It is not necessary to operate the auxiliary fuel pump during normaltakeoff and landing, since gravity and the engine driven fuel pump willsupply adequate fuel flow. In the event of failure of the engine drivenfuel pump, use of the auxiliary fuel pump will provide sufficient fuel tomaintain flight at maximum continuous power.

Under hot day, high altitude conditions, or conditions during a climb thatare conducive to fuel vapor formation, it may be necessary to utilize theauxiliary fuel pump to attain or stabilize the fuel flow required for thetype of climb being performed. In this case, turn the auxiliary fuel pumpon, and adjust the mixture to the desired fuel flow. If fluctuating fuel flow(greater than 1 GPH) is observed during climb or cruise at highaltitudes on hot days, place the auxiliary fuel pump switch in the ONposition to clear the fuel system of vapor. The auxiliary fuel pump maybe operated continuously in cruise.




GFC 700 AFCS


FUEL RETURN SYSTEM

A fuel return system was incorporated to improve engine operationduring extended idle operation in hot weather environments. The majorcomponents of the system include an orifice fitting located in the top ofthe fuel servo, a dual stack fuel selector and a drain valve assembly.The system is designed to return fuel/vapor back to the main fuel tanksat approximately 7 GPH. The dual stack fuel selector ensures that fuel/vapor returns only to the fuel tank that is selected as the feed tank. Forexample, if the fuel selector is positioned to use fuel from the left fueltank, the fuel return system is returning fuel/vapor to the left fuel tankonly.

FUEL VENTING

Fuel system venting is essential to system operation. Completeblockage of the fuel venting system will result in decreasing fuel flowand eventual engine stoppage. The fuel venting system consists of aninterconnecting vent line between the fuel tanks and check valveequipped overboard vents in each fuel tank. The overboard ventsprotrude from the bottom surface of the wings behind the wing struts,slightly below the upper attach points of the struts. The fuel filler capsare vacuum vented; the fuel filler cap vents will open and allow air toenter the fuel tanks in case the overboard vents become blocked.

REDUCED TANK CAPACITY

The airplane may be serviced to a reduced capacity to permit heaviercabin loadings. This is accomplished by filling each tank to the bottomedge of the fuel filler indicator tab, thus giving a reduced fuel load of32.0 gallons usable in each tank or to the line of holes located insidethe filler indicator tab, thus giving a reduced fuel load of 37.0 gallonsusable in each tank.





FUEL SELECTOR VALVE

The fuel selector is a four-position selector valve, labeled BOTH,RIGHT, LEFT and OFF. The selector handle must be pushed downbefore it can be rotated from RIGHT or LEFT to OFF. The top portion ofthe valve is the return portion of the valve, while the bottom portion ofthe valve is the supply portion. Each side is isolated from the other.

The fuel selector valve should be in the BOTH position for takeoff,climb, landing, and maneuvers that involve prolonged slips or skids ofmore than 30 seconds. Operation on either LEFT or RIGHT fuel tank isreserved for level cruising flight only.

NOTE

• When the fuel selector valve is placed in the BOTHposition, while in cruise flight, unequal fuel flow fromeach tank may occur if the wings are not maintainedexactly level. Unequal fuel flow can be detected by onefuel tank indicating more fuel than the other on the LFUEL and R FUEL indicators. The result ing fuelimbalance can be corrected by turning the fuel selectorvalve to the fuel tank indicating the highest fuel quantity.Once the L FUEL and R FUEL indicators haveequalized, position the fuel selector valve to the BOTHposition.

• It is not practical to measure the time required toconsume all of the fuel in one tank, and, after switchingto the opposite tank, expect an equal duration from theremaining fuel. The airspace in both fuel tanks isinterconnected by a vent line and, therefore, somesloshing of fuel between tanks can be expected whenthe tanks are nearly full and the wings are not level.

• When the fuel tanks are 1/4 tank or less, prolongeduncoordinated flight, such as slips or skids, can uncoverthe fuel tank outlets causing fuel starvation and enginestoppage. Therefore, if operating with one fuel tank dryor operating on either LEFT or RIGHT tank with 1/4 tankor less, do not a l low the a i rp lane to remain inuncoordinated flight for periods in excess of 30 seconds.




GFC 700 AFCS


FUEL DRAIN VALVES

The fuel system is equipped with drain valves to provide a means forthe examination of fuel in the system for contamination and grade. Thesystem should be examined before each flight and after each refueling,by using the sampler cup provided to drain fuel from each wing tanksump, the fuel return side sump, the fuel selector drain and the fuelstrainer sump. If any evidence of fuel contamination is found, it must beeliminated in accordance with the preflight inspection checklist and thediscussion in Section 8. If takeoff weight limitations for the next flightpermit, the fuel tanks should be filled after each flight to preventcondensation.

BRAKE SYSTEM

The airplane has a single-disc, hydraulically-actuated brake on eachmain landing gear wheel. Each brake is connected, by a hydraulic line,to a master cylinder attached to each of the pilot's rudder pedals. Thebrakes are operated by applying pressure to the top of either the left(pilot's) or right (copilot's) set of rudder pedals, which areinterconnected. When the airplane is parked, both main wheel brakesmay be set by utilizing the parking brake which is operated by a handleunder the left side of the instrument panel. To apply the parking brake,set the brakes with the rudder pedals, pull the handle aft, and rotate it90° down.

For maximum brake life, keep the brake system properly maintained,and minimize brake usage during taxi operations and landings.

Some of the symptoms of impending brake failure are: gradualdecrease in braking action after brake application, noisy or draggingbrakes, soft or spongy pedals, and excessive travel and weak brakingaction. If any of these symptoms appear, the brake system is in need ofimmediate attention. If, during taxi or landing roll, braking actiondecreases, let up on the pedals and then reapply the brakes with heavypressure. If the brakes become spongy or pedal travel increases,pumping the pedals should build braking pressure. If one brakebecomes weak or fails, use the other brake sparingly while usingopposite rudder, as required, to offset the good brake



ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

The airplane is equipped with a 28-volt direct current (DC) electricalsystem (Refer to Figure 7-8). A belt-driven 95-ampere alternatorpowers the system. A 24-volt main storage battery is located in thetailcone of the airplane. The alternator and main battery are controlledthrough the MASTER switch found near the top of the pilot's switchpanel.

Power is supplied to most electrical circuits through two primary buses(ELECTRICAL BUS 1 and ELECTRICAL BUS 2), with an essential busand a crossfeed bus connected between the two primary buses tosupport essential equipment.

The system is equipped with a secondary or standby battery locatedbetween the firewall and the instrument panel. The STBY BATT switchcontrols power to or from the standby battery. The standby battery isavailable to supply power to the essential bus in the event thatalternator and main battery power sources have both failed.

The primary buses are supplied with power whenever the MASTERswitch is turned on, and are not affected by starter or external powerusage. Each primary bus is also connected to an avionics bus througha circuit breaker and the AVIONICS BUS 1 and BUS 2 switches. Eachavionics bus is powered when the MASTER switch and thecorresponding AVIONICS switch are in the ON position.

CAUTION

BOTH BUS 1 AND BUS 2 AVIONICS SWITCHESSHOULD BE TURNED OFF TO PREVENT ANYHARMFUL TRANSIENT VOLTAGE FROM DAMAGINGTHE AVIONICS EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO TURNING THEMASTER SWITCH ON OR OFF, STARTING THE ENGINEOR APPLYING AN EXTERNAL POWER SOURCE.

The airplane includes a power distribution module, located on the leftforward side of the firewall, to house all the relays used in the airplaneelectrical system. The Alternator Control Unit (ACU), main batterycurrent sensor, and the external power connector are also housedwithin the module.




GFC 700 AFCS

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (Continued)




GFC 700 AFCS






G1000 ANNUNCIATOR PANEL

All system alerts, cautions and warnings are shown on the right side ofthe PFD screen adjacent to the vertical speed indicator. The followingannunciations are supported:

Refer to the Garmin G1000 CRG Appendix A for more information onsystem annunciations.

MASTER SWITCH

The MASTER switch is a two-pole, rocker-type switch. The BAT side ofthe switch controls the main battery electrical power to the airplane.The ALT side of the switch controls the alternator system.

In normal operation, both sides of the switch (ALT and BAT) are ONsimultaneously; however, the BAT side of the switch may be selectedseparately as necessary. The ALT side of the switch can not be set toON without the BAT side of the switch also being set to ON.

If the alternator system fails, the MASTER switch may be set in theOFF position to preserve main battery capacity for later in the flight.With the MASTER switch OFF and the STBY BATT switch in the ARMposition, the standby battery will power the essential bus for a limitedtime. Time remaining may be estimated by monitoring essential busvoltage. At 20 Volts, the standby battery has little or no capacityremaining.


OIL PRESSURE LOW VACUUM

LOW FUEL L LOW FUEL R

LOW VOLTS HIGH VOLTS

STBY BATT CO LVL HIGH

PROP HEAT



GFC 700 AFCS


STANDBY BATTERY SWITCH

The STBY BATT master switch is a three position (ARM-OFF-TEST)switch that tests and controls the standby battery system. The energylevel of the battery shall be checked before starting the engine (Refer toSection 4) by placing the switch in the momentary TEST position andobserving the correct illumination of the TEST lamp found to the right ofthe switch. Energy level tests after starting engine are notrecommended.

Placing the switch in the ARM position during the engine start cycleallows the standby battery to help regulate and filter essential busvoltage during the start cycle. The switch is set to the ARM positionduring normal flight operation to allow the standby battery to chargeand to be ready to power the essential bus in the event of alternatorand main battery failure. Placing the switch in the OFF positiondisconnects the standby battery from the essential bus. Operation withthe STBY BATT switch in the OFF position prevents the standby batteryfrom charging and from automatically providing power should anelectrical system failure occur.

AVIONICS SWITCH

The AVIONICS switch is a two-pole rocker-type switch that controlselectrical power to AVIONICS BUS 1 and BUS 2. Placing either side ofthe rocker switch in the ON position supplies power to thecorresponding avionics bus. Both sides of the AVIONICS switch shouldbe placed in the OFF position before turning the MASTER switch ON orOFF, starting the engine, or applying an external power source.





ELECTRICAL SYSTEM MONITORING ANDANNUNCIATIONS

BUS VOLTAGE (VOLTMETERS)

Voltage indication (VOLTS) for the main and essential buses isprovided at the bottom of the EIS bar (along the left margin of the MFDor PFD), labeled M BUS E. Main bus voltage is shown numericallybelow the M. Essential bus voltage is displayed numerically below theE. The main bus voltage is measured at the WARN circuit breaker onthe crossfeed bus. The essential bus voltage is measured at the NAV1ENG circuit breaker on the essential bus.

Normal bus voltages with the alternator operating shall be about 28.0volts. When the voltage for either main or essential buses is above 32.0volts, the numerical value and VOLTS text turns red. This warningindication, along with the HIGH VOLTS annunciation, is an indicationthat the alternator is supplying too high of a voltage. The ALT MASTERSwitch should immediately be positioned to OFF (Refer to Section 3,Emergency Procedures, HIGH VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON).

When the voltage for either main or essential buses is below 24.5 volts,the numeric value and VOLTS text turns red. This warning indication,along with the LOW VOLTS annunciation, is an indication that thealternator is not supplying all the power that is required by the airplane.Indicated voltages between 24.5 and 28.0 volts may occur during lowengine RPM conditions (Refer to note under LOW VOLTAGEANNUNCIATION).




GFC 700 AFCS


ELECTRICAL SYSTEM MONITORING ANDANNUNCIATIONS

AMMETERS

Current indication (AMPS) for both the main and standby batteries isprovided at the bottom of the EIS bar (along the left margin of the MFDor PFD), labeled M BATT S. Main battery current is numericallydisplayed below the M. Main battery current greater than -1.5 amps isshown in white. Standby battery current is displayed numerically belowthe S. A positive current value (shown in white) indicates that thebattery is charging. A negative current value (shown in amber)indicates that the battery is discharging. In the event the alternator isnot functioning or the electrical load exceeds the output of thealternator, the main battery ammeter indicates the main batterydischarge rate.

In the event that standby battery discharge is required, normal steadystate discharge should be less than 4 amps. The STBY BATTannunciator will come on when discharge rates are greater than 0.5amps for more than 10 seconds. After engine start, with the STBYBATT switch in the ARM position, the standby battery ammeter shouldindicate a charge showing correct charging of the standby batterysystem.

STANDBY BATTERY ANNUNCIATION

The STBY BATT annunciator will come on when discharge rates aregreater then 0.5 amps for more than 10 seconds. This cautionannunciation is an indication that the alternator and the main batteryare not supplying the power that is required by the essential bus. If thecondition causing the caution can not be resolved, flight should beterminated as soon as practicable.





ELECTRICAL SYSTEM MONITORING ANDANNUNCIATIONS (Continued)

LOW VOLTAGE ANNUNCIATION

A signal from the ACU, located inside the power distribution module,provides the trigger for a red LOW VOLTS annunciation shown on thePFD. LOW VOLTS is displayed when the main bus voltage measuredin the power distribution module is below 24.5 volts. The LOW VOLTSwarning annunciation is an indication that the alternator is not supplyingthe power that is required by the airplane. If the conditions causing theLOW VOLTS warning can not be resolved, nonessential electrical loadsshould be eliminated and the flight should be terminated as soon aspracticable.

NOTE

During low RPM operation, with a high electrical load on thesystem, such as during a low RPM taxi, the LOW VOLTSannunciation may come on, the bus voltage values mayturn red, and main battery ammeter discharge indicationsmay occur. Under these conditions, increase RPM ordecrease electrical loads to reduce demand on the battery.

In the event an overvoltage condition (or other alternator fault) occurs,the ACU will automatically open the ALT FIELD circuit breaker,removing alternator field current and stopping alternator output. Themain battery will then supply current to the electrical system as shownby a discharge (negative number) on the M BATT ammeter. The LOWVOLTS annunciator will come on when the system voltage drops below24.5 volts. Set the ALT FIELD circuit breaker to the ON position (pushin) to energize the ACU. If the warning annunciation goes out and themain battery (M BATT) ammeter indicates positive current, normalalternator charging has resumed. If the annunciator comes on again, orthe ALT FIELD circuit breaker opens again, an alternator malfunctionhas occurred. If the circuit breaker opens again, do not SET it to the ONposition again. Have a qualified technician determine the cause andcorrect the malfunction. Turn off nonessential electrical loads and landas soon as practicable.




GFC 700 AFCS


ELECTRICAL SYSTEM MONITORING ANDANNUNCIATIONS (Continued)

LOW VOLTAGE ANNUNCIATION (Continued)

The ALT FIELD circuit breaker may open on occasion during normalengine starts due to transient voltages. Provided that normal alternatoroutput is resumed after the ALT FIELD circuit breaker is reset, theseoccurrences are considered nuisance events. If the ALT FIELD circuitbreaker opens after reset, do not close again. Repeated occurrencesindicate a problem with the electrical system that must be corrected bya qualified maintenance technician before flight.

HIGH VOLTAGE ANNUNCIATION

The HIGH VOLTS annunciator will come on when main or essential busvoltage is above 32.0 volts. This warning annunciation is an indicationthat the alternator is supplying too high of a voltage. The ALT MASTERswitch should immediately be positioned to OFF (Refer to Section 3,Emergency Procedures, HIGH VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR COMES ON).

In the event a HIGH VOLTS condition occurs, the ACU willautomatically open the ALT FIELD circuit breaker, removing alternatorfield current and stopping alternator output. The HIGH VOLTSannunciator is a warning that the ACU automatic alternator shutdowncircuit is not operational and an action from the pilot is required toposition the ALT MASTER to OFF.





CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND FUSES

Individual system circuit breakers are found on the circuit breaker panelbelow the pilot's control wheel. All circuit breakers on ESSENTIALBUS, AVIONICS BUS 1 and AVIONICS BUS 2 are capable of beingopened or disengaged from the electrical system by pulling straight outon the outer ring for emergency electrical load management. Using acircuit breaker as a switch is discouraged since the practice willdecrease the life of the circuit breaker. All circuit breakers onELECTRICAL BUS 1, ELECTRICAL BUS 2 and CROSSFEED BUSare not capable of being opened or disengaged.

The power distribution module uses three push-to-reset circuit breakersfor the electrical bus feeders. A fast blow automotive type fuse is usedat the standby battery. The standby battery current shunt circuit usestwo field replaceable fuses located on the standby battery controllerprinted circuit board.

Most Garmin G1000 equipment has internal non-field replaceablefuses. Equipment must be returned to Garmin by an approved servicestation for replacement.




GFC 700 AFCS


EXTERNAL POWER RECEPTACLE

A external power receptacle is integral to the power distribution moduleand allows the use of an external power source for cold weatherstarting or for lengthy maintenance work on electrical and avionicsequipment. The receptacle is located on the left side of the cowl nearthe firewall. Access to the receptacle is gained by opening thereceptacle door.

NOTE

Set the AVIONICS switches BUS 1 and BUS 2 to OFF if noavionics are required. If maintenance on the avionicsequipment is required, a 28 VDC regulated and filteredexternal power source must be provided to prevent damageto the avionics equipment from transient voltages. SetAVIONICS switches BUS 1 and BUS 2 to OFF beforestarting the engine.

The following check should be made whenever the engine has beenstarted using external power (after disconnecting the external powersource).

1. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - OFF2. TAXI and LAND Light Switches - ON3. Throttle Control - REDUCE TO IDLE4. MASTER Switch (ALT and BAT) - ON (with taxi and landing lights

turned on)5. Throttle Control - INCREASE (to approximately 1500 RPM)6. Main Battery (M BATT) Ammeter - CHECK (Battery charging,

Amps Positive)7. LOW VOLTS Annunciator - CHECK (Verify annunciator is not

shown)

WARNING

IF M BATT AMMETER DOES NOT SHOW POSITIVECHARGE (+ AMPS), OR LOW VOLTS ANNUNCIATORDOES NOT GO OFF, REMOVE THE BATTERY FROMTHE AIRPLANE AND SERVICE OR REPLACE THEBATTERY BEFORE FLIGHT.



LIGHTING SYSTEMS

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Exterior lighting consists of navigation lights on the wing tips and the tipof the rudder, landing/taxi lights located on the left wing leading edge, aflashing beacon mounted on top of the vertical stabilizer, and a strobelight on each wing tip.

Two courtesy lights are recessed into the lower surfaces of each wingand provide illumination for each cabin door area. The switch for thecourtesy lights is found on the pilot's overhead console. The rear domelight and under-wing courtesy lights share the same control switch.Pressing the courtesy light switch will make the lights come on andpressing it again will make the lights go out.

All other exterior lights are operated by switches found on the lightedswitch panel to the left of the PFD. Exterior lights are grouped togetherin the LIGHTS section of the switch panel. To activate the BEACON,LAND (landing light), TAXI (taxi light), NAV, and STROBE light(s), placethe switch in the up position. Circuit breakers for the lights are found onthe lighted circuit breaker panel on the lower left instrument panel,below the PFD. Circuit breakers are grouped by electrical bus withBEACON and LAND on ELECTRICAL BUS 1 and TAXI, NAV andSTROBE on ELECTRICAL BUS 2.

NOTE

The strobes and flashing beacon should not be used whenflying through clouds or overcast; the flashing light reflectedfrom water droplets or particles in the atmosphere,particularly at night, can produce vertigo and loss oforientation.




GFC 700 AFCS

LIGHTING SYSTEMS (Continued)

INTERIOR LIGHTING

Interior lighting is controlled by a combination of dimmable crew areaflood lighting, internally lit switch and circuit breaker panels, avionicspanel lighting, standby instrument lighting, pedestal lighting, pilotcontrol wheel map lighting and passenger area flood lighting.

Flood lighting is accomplished using two dimmable lights in the frontcrew area and one dome light in the rear passenger area. These lightsare contained in the overhead console, and are controlled by dimmercontrols for the front flood lights, and an on-off type push button switchfor the rear dome light. The front flood lights can be rotated to providedirectional lighting for the pilot and front passenger. The rear dome lightprovides for general illumination in the rear cabin area. Rear dome lightand courtesy lights share the same switch.

Lighting of the switch panel, circuit breaker panel, engine controls andenvironmental control panel is accomplished by using internally litpanels. Rotating the SW/CB PANELS dimmer, found on the switchpanel in the DIMMING group, controls the lighting level for both panels.Rotating the dimmer counterclockwise decreases light intensity fromthe highest level to off.

For airplane serials T18208665 and T18208669 thru T18208806,pedestal lighting consists of three hooded lights found at variouslocations on the pedestal. Rotating the PEDESTAL light dimmer, foundon the switch panel in the DIMMING group, controls the pedestal lights.Rotating the dimmer counterclockwise decreases light intensity fromthe highest level to off.

For airplane serials T18208807 and On, pedestal lighting isaccomplished by using an internally lit panel for the cowl flap controllever, aux audio in jack and the 12 volt power outlet, along with a LEDstrip light located at the top of the pedestal. Lighting for the fuel selectorvalve is accomplished by a LED strip light incorporated into the bottomof the internally lit cowl flap control panel. Rotating the PEDESTAL lightdimmer, found on the switch panel in the DIMMING group, controls thepedestal lights. Rotating the dimmer counterclockwise decreases lightintensity from the highest level to off.




LIGHTING SYSTEMS (Continued)

INTERIOR LIGHTING (Continued)

Avionics panel lighting consists of the PFD and MFD bezel and displaylighting and Audio Panel lighting. Rotating the AVIONICS dimmer,found on the switch panel in the DIMMING group, controls the lightinglevel. Positioning the dimmer control in the off position (fullycounterclockwise) causes the avionics displays to use internalphotocells to automatically control the lighting levels. This is therecommended use of the avionics lighting for all day and lower lightinglevels where lighting of the avionics bezels and keys is not required. Inlow to night lighting levels rotating the AVIONICS dimmer controlclockwise from the off position places all avionics lighting level controlto the AVIONICS dimmer control. This is the recommended use ofavionics lighting for night and low lighting conditions to allow the pilotcontrol of the avionics illumination levels as dark adaptation occurs.

Rotating the STBY IND dimmer, found on the switch panel in theDIMMING group, controls lighting of the standby airspeed indicator,attitude indicator, altimeter, non-stabilized magnetic compass, andoverhead oxygen console. Rotating the dimmer counterclockwisedecreases light intensity from the highest level to off.

Pilot's chart (map) lighting is accomplished by use of a rheostat and alight assembly, both found on the lower surface of the pilot's controlwheel. The light provides downward illumination from the bottom of thecontrol wheel to the pilot's lap area. To operate the light, first turn theNAV light switch ON, and then adjust the map light intensity using theknurled rheostat knob. Rotating the dimmer clockwise (when facing up)increases light intensity, and rotating the dimmer counterclockwisedecreases light intensity.

Regardless of the light system in question, the most probable cause ofa light failure is a burned out bulb. However, in the event any lightingsystems fails to come on, check the appropriate circuit breaker. For theinterior lights the PANEL LTS circuit breaker, and for the exterior lightsthe associated light function circuit breaker (i.e. landing light, LAND LTcircuit breaker). If the circuit breaker has opened, and there is noobvious indication of a short circuit (smoke or odor), turn the affectedlights OFF, reset the circuit breaker, and turn the lights ON again. If thecircuit breaker opens again, do not reset until maintenance has beenperformed.



GFC 700 AFCS

CABIN HEATING, VENTILATING AND DEFROSTINGSYSTEM

The temperature and volume of airflow into the cabin can be regulatedby manipulation of the push-pull CABIN HT and CABIN AIR controls(Refer to Figure 7-9). Both controls are the double button locking-typeand permit intermediate settings.

For cabin ventilation, pull the CABIN AIR knob out. To raise the airtemperature, pull the CABIN HT knob out approximately 1/4 to 1/2 inchfor a small amount of cabin heat. Additional heat is available by pullingthe knob out farther; maximum heat is available with the CABIN HTknob pulled out and the CABIN AIR knob pushed full in. When no heatis desired in the cabin, the CABIN HT knob is pushed full in.

Front cabin heat and ventilating air is supplied by outlet holes spacedacross a cabin manifold just forward of the pilot's and front passenger'sfeet. Rear cabin heat and air is supplied by two ducts from the manifold,one extending down each side of the cabin to an outlet just aft of therudder pedals at floor level. Windshield defrost air is also supplied bytwo ducts from the cabin manifold outlet on top of the glareshield;therefore, the temperature of the defrosting air is the same as heatedcabin air. A rotating control knob, labeled DEFROST, regulates thevolume of air to the windshield. Turn the knob clockwise to ON andcounterclockwise to OFF.

Separate adjustable ventilators supply additional air; one near eachupper corner of the windshield supplies air for the pilot and frontpassenger, and two ventilators are available for the rear cabin area tosupply air to the rear seat passengers. There are additional ventilatorslocated in various positions in the cockpit.



CABIN HEATING, VENTILATION AND DEFROSTING SYSTEM

Figure 7-9



GFC 700 AFCS

OXYGEN SYSTEM

A four-place oxygen system provides the supplementary oxygennecessary for continuous flight at high altitude. In this system, a 50cubic foot oxygen cylinder, located in the fuselage tailcone, supplies theoxygen. Cylinder pressure is reduced to an operating pressure of 70PSI by a pressure regulator attached to the cylinder. A shutoff valve isincluded as part of the regulator assembly. An oxygen cylinder fillervalve is located on the left side of the fuselage tailcone (under a coverplate). Cylinder pressure is indicated by a pressure gage located in theoverhead oxygen console above the pilot's and front passenger’sseats.

Four oxygen outlets are provided; two in the overhead oxygen consoleand two in the cabin ceiling just above the side windows (one at each ofthe rear seating positions). One permanent, microphone-equippedmask is provided for the pilot, and three disposable type masks areprovided for the passengers. All masks are the partial-breathing type,equipped with vinyl plastic hoses and flow indicators.




OXYGEN SYSTEM (Continued)

NOTE

The hose provided for the pilot is of a higher flow rate thanthose for the passengers; it is color-coded with a red bandadjacent to the plug-in fitting. The passenger hoses arecolor-coded with an orange band. If the airplane ownerprefers, he may provide higher f low hoses for al lpassengers. In any case, it is recommended that the pilotuse the larger capacity hose. The pilot's mask is equippedwith a microphone to facilitate use of the radio while usingoxygen. To connect the oxygen mask microphone, plug themask lead into the appropriate outlet in place of the headsetmicrophone lead. A switch is incorporated on the left handcontrol wheel to operate the microphone.

A remote shutoff valve control, located adjacent to the pilot's oxygenoutlet in the overhead oxygen console, is used to shut off the supply ofoxygen to the system when not in use. The control is mechanicallyconnected to the shutoff valve at the cylinder. With the exception of theshutoff function, the system is completely automatic and requires nomanual regulation for change of altitude.

WARNING

OIL, GREASE OR OTHER LUBRICANTS IN CONTACTWITH OXYGEN CREATE A SERIOUS FIRE HAZARD,AND SUCH CONTACT MUST BE AVOIDED WHENHANDLING OXYGEN EQUIPMENT.




GFC 700 AFCS

OXYGEN DURATION CHART(50 CUBIC FEET CAPACITY)

NOTE

This chart is based on a pilot with a red color coded oxygenline fitting and passengers with orange color coded linefittings.

Figure 7-10




The Oxygen Duration Chart (Figure 7-10) should be used indetermining the usable duration (in hours) of the oxygen supply in yourairplane. The following procedure outlines the method of finding theduration from the chart.

1. Note the available oxygen pressure shown on the pressuregage.

2. Locate this pressure on the scale on the left side of the chart,then go across the chart horizontally to the right until youintersect the line representing the number of persons makingthe flight. After intersecting the line, drop down vertically to thebottom of the chart and read the duration in hours given on thescale.

3. As an example of the above procedure, 1400 PSI of pressurewill safely sustain the pilot only for 4 hours and 10 minutes. Thesame pressure will sustain the pilot and three passengers forapproximately 1 hours and 20 minutes.

NOTE

The Oxygen Duration Chart is based on a standardconfiguration oxygen system having one red color codedhose assembly for the pilot and orange color coded hosesfor the passengers. If red color coded hoses are providedfor pilot and passengers, it will be necessary to computenew oxygen dura t ion f igures due to the g reate rconsumpt ion of oxygen with these hoses. This isaccomplished by computing the total duration available tothe pilot only (from PILOT ONLY line on chart), thendividing this duration by the number of persons (pilot andpassengers) using oxygen.

When ready to use the oxygen system, proceed as follows:1. Mask and Hose - SELECT (Adjust mask to face and adjust

metallic nose strap for snug mask fit)




GFC 700 AFCS


WARNING

PERMIT NO SMOKING WHEN USING OXYGEN. OIL,GREASE, SOAP, LIPSTICK, LIB BALM, AND OTHERFATTY MATERIALS CONSTITUTE A SERIOUS FIREHAZARD WHEN IN CONTACT WITH OXYGEN. BE SUREHANDS AND CLOTHING ARE OIL FREE BEFOREHANDLING OXYGEN EQUIPMENT.

2. Delivery Hose - PLUG INTO OUTLET (nearest to the seat youare occupying)

NOTE

When the oxygen system is turned on, oxygen will flowcontinuously at the proper rate of flow for any altitudewithout any manual adjustments.

3. Oxygen Supply Control Lever - ON4. Face Mask Hose Flow Indicator - CHECK

NOTE

Oxygen is flowing if the indicator is being forced toward themask.

5. Delivery Hose - UNPLUG FROM OUTLET (when discontinuinguse of oxygen)

NOTE

This automatically stops the flow of oxygen.

6. Oxygen Supply Control Lever - OFF (when oxygen is no longerrequired)

For FAA requirements concerning supplemental oxygen, Refer to 14CFR 91.211.

It is recommended that supplemental oxygen be used by all occupantswhen cruising above 12,500 feet. It is often advisable to use oxygen ataltitudes lower than 12,500 feet under conditions of night flying, fatigue,or periods of physiological or emotional disturbances. Also, habitualand excessive use of tobacco or alcohol will usually necessitate the useof oxygen at less than 10,000 feet.



PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS

The pitot-static system uses a heated total pressure (pitot) headmounted on the lower surface of the left wing, external static portsmounted on both sides of the forward fuselage and associatedplumbing to connect the air data computer and the conventional pitot-static instruments to the sources.

The heated pitot system uses an electrical heating element built in thebody of the pitot head. The PITOT HEAT control switch is found on theswitch panel below the lower left corner of the PFD. The PITOT HEATcircuit breaker is found on the circuit breaker panel at the lower left sideof the pilot panel.

A static pressure alternate source valve (ALT STATIC AIR) is locatedadjacent to the throttle control. The ALT STATIC AIR valve providesstatic pressure from inside the cabin if the external static pressuresource becomes blocked.

If erroneous instrument readings are suspected due to water or ice inthe pressure line going to the standard external static pressure source,the alternate static source valve should be pulled on.

Pressures within the cabin will vary with open heaters/vents andwindows. Refer to Section 5, Figure 5-1 (Sheet 2), for the AirspeedCalibration, Alternate Static Source correction chart and Figure 5-2 forthe Altimeter Correction, Alternate Static Source correction chart.



GFC 700 AFCS

VACUUM SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS

The vacuum system (Refer to Figure 7-11) provides the vacuumnecessary to operate the standby attitude indicator. The systemconsists of one engine driven vacuum pump, a vacuum regulator, thestandby attitude indicator, a vacuum system air filter, and a vacuumtransducer. The vacuum transducer provides a signal to the enginedisplay that is processed and displayed as vacuum on the EISSYSTEM page. If available vacuum, from the engine-driven vacuumpump, drops below 3.5 in.hg., the LOW VACUUM annunciator willdisplay in amber on the PFD.

ATTITUDE INDICATOR

The standby attitude indicator is a vacuum-powered gyroscopicinstrument, found on the center instrument panel below the MFD. Theattitude indicator includes a low-vacuum warning flag (GYRO) thatcomes into view when the vacuum is below the level necessary forreliable gyroscope operation.

VACUUM INDICATOR

The vacuum indicator is incorporated on the EIS SYSTEM page, foundalong the left side of the PFD during engine start or the left edge of theMFD during normal operation. During reversionary operation, the EISbar appears along the left side of the operational display.

LOW VACUUM ANNUNCIATION

A low vacuum condition is annunciated along the right side of the PFDby a amber LOW VACUUM annunciator.



VACUUM SYSTEM

Figure 7-11



GFC 700 AFCS

CLOCK/O.A.T. INDICATOR

A numerical time or clock window (based on GPS time) and an outsideair temperature (O.A.T.) indicator window are provided along the loweredge of the PFD. The O.A.T. indicator uses an air temperature sensorlocated on top of the cabin.

STALL WARNING SYSTEM

The airplane is equipped with a vane-type stall warning systemconsisting of an inlet in the leading edge of the left wing, which iselectrically connected to a stall warning horn located in the headlinerabove the left cabin door. A 5-amp push-to-reset circuit breaker labeledWARN, on the left side of the circuit breaker panel, protects the stallwarning system. The vane in the wing senses the change in airflowover the wing, and operates the warning horn at airspeeds between 5and 10 knots above the stall in all configurations.

The airplane has a heated stall warning system, the vane and sensorunit in the wing leading edge is equipped with a heating element. Theheated part of the system is operated by the PITOT HEAT switch, andis protected by the PITOT HEAT circuit breaker.

The stall warning system should be checked during the preflightinspection by momentarily turning on the MASTER switch andactuating the vane in the wing. The system is operational if the warninghorn sounds as the vane is pushed upward.



STANDARD AVIONICS

The Garmin G1000 Avionics System is an integrated flight control andnavigation system. The system combines primary flight instruments,communications, airplane system information and navigationalinformation all displayed on two color displays. The G1000 systemconsists of the following pieces of equipment:

GARMIN DISPLAY UNITS (GDU)

Two identical units are mounted on the instrument panel. One, locatedin front of the pilot, is configured as a PFD. A second panel, located tothe right, is configured as a MFD.

The PFD displays roll and pitch information, heading and coursenavigation information, plus altitude, airspeed and vertical speedinformation to the pilot. The PFD also controls and displays allcommunication and navigation frequencies as well as displayingwarning/status annunciations of airplane systems.

The MFD displays a large scalable, moving map that corresponds tothe airplane's current location. Data from other components of thesystem can be overlaid on this map. Location and direction ofmovement of nearby aircraft, lightning and weather information can allbe displayed on the MFD. The MFD is also the principle display for allof the engine, fuel, and electrical system parameters.

The reversionary mode places the flight information and basic engineinformation on both the PFD and the MFD. This feature allows the pilotfull access to all necessary information should either of the displayscreens malfunction.




GFC 700 AFCS

STANDARD AVIONICS (Continued)

AUDIO PANEL (GMA)

The audio panel for the G1000 system integrates all of thecommunication and navigation digital audio signals, intercom systemand marker beacon controls in one unit. It is installed on the instrumentpanel between the PFD and the MFD. The audio panel also controlsthe reversionary mode for the PFD and MFD.

NOTE

Use of the COM 1/2 function is not approved.

INTEGRATED AVIONICS UNIT (GIA)

Two integrated avionics units are installed in the G1000 system. Theyare mounted in racks in the tailcone, behind the baggage curtain.These units act as the main communications hub linking all of the otherperipheral parts to the GDU displays. Each unit contains a GPSreceiver, a VHF navigation receiver, VHF communication transceiverand the main system microprocessors. The first GIA unit to acquire aGPS satellite 3-D navigation signal is the active GPS source.

ATTITUDE AND HEADING REFERENCE SYSTEM (AHRS)AND MAGNETOMETER (GRS)

The AHRS provides airplane attitude and flight characteristicsinformation to the G1000 displays and to the integrated avionics units,which is located in the tailcone of the airplane. The AHRS unit containsaccelerometers, tilt sensors and rate sensors that replace spinningmass gyros used in other airplanes. The magnetometer is locatedinside the left wing panel and interfaces with the AHRS to provideheading information.





AIR DATA COMPUTER (GDC)

The Air Data Computer (ADC) compiles information from the airplane'spitot/static system. The ADC unit is mounted behind the instrumentpanel, just forward of the MFD. An outside air temperature probe,mounted on top of the cabin, is connected to the ADC. The ADCcalculates pressure altitude, airspeed, true airspeed, vertical speed andoutside air temperature.

ENGINE MONITOR (GEA)

The Engine Monitor is responsible for receiving and processing thesignals from all of the engine and airframe sensors. It is connected toall of the CHT measuring sensors, EGT sensors, manifold pressure,RPM, fuel flow and to the fuel gauging system. This unit transmits thisinformation to the engine display computers.

TRANSPONDER (GTX)

The full-featured Mode S transponder provides Mode A, C and Sfunctions. Control and operation of the transponder is accomplishedusing the PFD. The transponder unit is mounted in the tailcone avionicsracks.

XM WEATHER AND RADIO DATA LINK (GDL)

The XM weather and radio data link provides weather information anddigital audio entertainment in the cockpit. The unit is mounted behindthe instrument panel, just forward of the MFD. This unit communicateswith the MFD on the high-speed data bus. XM weather and XM radiooperate in the S-band frequency range to provide continuous uplinkcapabilities at any altitude throughout North America. A subscription tothe XM satellite radio service is required for the XM weather and radiodata link to be used.




GFC 700 AFCS


GFC 700 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM (AFCS)

Refer to the Garmin G1000 CRG for more information on systemoperation.

CONTROL WHEEL STEERING (CWS)

The Control Wheel Steering (CWS) button, located on the pilot’s controlwheel, immediately disconnects the pitch and roll servos whenactivated. Large pitch changes while using CWS will cause the airplaneto be out of trim. Retrim the airplane as necessary during CWSoperation to reduce control forces or large pitch oscillations that mayoccur after releasing the CWS button.

WARNING




GFC 700 SYSTEM SCHEMATIC

Figure 7-12



GFC 700 AFCS


L3 COMMUNICATIONS WX-500 STORMSCOPE

Refer to Section 9, Supplement 3, for operating information.

BENDIX/KING KTA 870 TRAFFIC ADVISORY/MULTI-HAZARD AWARENESS SYSTEM

The Bendix/King KTA 870 Traffic Advisory/Multi-Hazard AwarenessSystem provides the pilot with supplemental flight information throughthe G1000 system. This system includes a Traffic Advisory System(TAS) for air traffic and an Enhanced Ground Proximity WarningSystem (EGPWS) for terrain. The KTA 870 unit is mounted in thetailcone avionics racks. Refer to the Bendix/King KTA 870/KMH 880Traffic Advisory System/Multi-Hazard Awareness System Pilot’s Guide,Honeywell part number 006-18265-0000, Revision 3, dated January2005, or later revision and the Garmin G1000 CRG for moreinformation on system operation of the KTA 870 system.

NOTE

When TAS is enabled TIS will be unavailable.



AVIONICS SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

Avionics cooling fans, antennas, microphone and headset provisions,power converter and static discharge wicks support the operation of theavionics equipment installations.

AVIONICS COOLING FANS

Four DC electric fans provide forced air and ambient air circulationcooling for the G1000 avionics equipment. A single fan in the tailconeprovides forced air cooling to the integrated avionics units and to thetransponder. A fan located forward of the instrument panel removes airfrom between the firewall bulkhead and instrument panel, directing thewarm air up at the inside of the windshield. Two additional fans blow airdirectly onto the heat sinks located on the forward sides of the PFD andMFD.

Power is provided to these fans when the MASTER (BAT) switch andthe AVIONICS (BUS 1 and BUS 2) switch are all ON.

NOTE

None of the cooling fans will operate when the essentialbus avionics equipment is being powered by the standbybattery.




GFC 700 AFCS

AVIONICS SUPPORT EQUIPMENT (Continued)

ANTENNAS

Two combination VHF COM/GPS antennas are mounted on the top ofthe cabin. The dual-mode COM 1/GPS 1 antenna is mounted on theright side. Earlier production airplanes are configured with a tri-modeCOM 2/GPS 2/XM antenna mounted on the left side, while laterproduction airplanes are configured with a dual-mode COM 2/GPS 2antenna mounted on the left side and a separate XM antenna mountedon top of the cabin. The combination VHF COM/GPS antennas areconnected to the two VHF communication transceivers, the two GPSreceivers in the integrated avionics units, and the GDL.

A blade-type navigation antenna is mounted on either side of thevertical stabilizer. This antenna provides VOR and glideslope signals tothe VHF navigation receivers contained in the integrated avionics units.

The marker beacon antenna is mounted on the bottom of the tailcone.It provides the signal to the marker beacon receiver located in the audiopanel.

The transponder antenna is mounted on the bottom of the cabin and isconnected to the Mode S transponder by a coaxial transmission cable.

The L3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope antenna is mounted onthe bottom of the tailcone and is connected to the L3 CommunicationsWX-500 Stormscope receiver by an antenna cable assembly.

The Bendix/King Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) antenna (ifinstalled) is mounted on the bottom of the tailcone and is connected tothe Bendix/King DME receiver by a coaxial cable.

The Bendix/King Traffic Advisory System (TAS) (if installed) has twoantennas. A directional antenna is mounted on top of the cabin forwardof the COM antennas and an omni-directional antenna is mounted onthe bottom of the tailcone. Both antennas are connected to the Bendix/King TAS receiver by coaxial cables.





MICROPHONE AND HEADSET INSTALLATIONS

Standard equipment for the airplane includes a hand-held microphone,an overhead speaker, two remote-keyed microphone switches on thecontrol wheels, and provisions for communications headsets at eachpilot and passenger station.

The hand-held microphone includes an integral push-to-talk switch.This microphone is plugged in at the center pedestal and is accessibleto both the pilot and front passenger. Pressing the push-to-talk switchallows voice transmission on the COM radios.

The overhead speaker is located in the center overhead console.Volume and output for this speaker are controlled through the audiopanel.

Each control wheel contains a push-to-talk switch. This switch allowsthe pilot or front passenger to transmit on the COM radios using remotemicrophones.

Each seat position of the airplane has provisions for aviation-styleheadsets. Microphone and headphone jacks are located on eachrespective sidewall panel for communications between passengers andpilot. The system is designed so that microphones are voice activated.Only the pilot or front passenger can transmit through the COM radios.

NOTE

To ensure audibility and clarity when transmitting with thehand-held microphone, always hold it as closely as possibleto the lips, then press the transmit switch and speak directlyinto it. Avoid covering the opening on back side ofmicrophone for optimum noise canceling.




GFC 700 AFCS


AUXILIARY AUDIO INPUT JACK

An auxiliary audio input jack (AUX AUDIO IN) is located on the rightside of the center pedestal (Refer to Figure 7-2). It allows entertainmentaudio devices such as cassette, compact disc, and MP3 players to playmusic over the airplane's headsets.

The signal from AUX AUDIO IN is automatically muted during radiocommunications or pilot selection of crew intercom isolation modeslocated on the audio panel. The AUX key on the audio panel does notcontrol the AUX AUDIO IN signal. For a more complete description andoperating instructions of the audio panel, refer to the Garmin G1000CRG.

Since the entertainment audio input is not controlled by a switch, thereis no way to deselect the entertainment source except to disconnect thesource at the audio input connector. In the event of a high pilotworkload and/or heavy traffic, it is wise to disable the entertainmentaudio to eliminate a source of distraction for the flight crew.

NOTE

• Passenger briefing should specify that AUX AUDIO IN(entertainment audio input) and Portable ElectronicDevice (PED) use is permitted only during the enroutephase of flight.

• Disconnect the cable from the AUX AUDIO IN jack whennot in use.

• Use caution with audio cables in the cabin to avoidentangling occupants or cabin furnishings and to preventdamage to cables.





12V POWER OUTLET

A power converter, located on the cabin side of the firewall just forwardof the right instrument panel, reduces the airplane's 28 VDC power to12 VDC. This converter provides up to 10 amps of power to operateportable devices such as notebook computers and audio players. Thepower output connector (POWER OUTLET 12V -10A) is located on thecenter pedestal (Refer to Figure 7-2).

A second power outlet connector (POWER OUTLET 12V - 10A) islocated in the right sidewall by the aft passenger seat. A switch locatedon the switch panel labeled CABIN PWR 12V controls the operation ofthe power outlets.

NOTE

• Charging of lithium batteries may cause the lithiumbatteries to explode.

• Take care to observe the manufacturer's powerrequirements prior to plugging any device into the 12 voltcabin power system connector. This system is limited toa maximum of 10 amps, or i f equipped with twoconnectors 10 amps total.

• Use caution with power/adapter cables in the cabin toavoid entangling occupants or cabin furnishings and toprevent damage to cables supplying live electric current.

• Disconnect power/adapter cables when not in use.




GFC 700 AFCS


STATIC DISCHARGERS

Static dischargers are installed at various points throughout theairframe to reduce interference from precipitation static. Under somesevere static conditions, loss of radio signals is possible even withstatic dischargers installed. Whenever possible, avoid known severeprecipitation areas to prevent loss of dependable radio signals. Ifavoidance is impractical, minimize airspeed and anticipate temporaryloss of radio signals while in these areas.

Static dischargers lose their effectiveness with age, and therefore,should be checked periodically (at least at every annual inspection) bya qualified technician.



CABIN FEATURES

EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER (ELT)

Refer to Section 9, Supplements 1 or 2, for appropriate ELT operatinginformation.

CABIN FIRE EXTINGUISHER

A portable Halon 1211 (Bromochlorodifluoromethane) fire extinguisheris installed in a holder on the floorboard between the front seats to beaccessible in case of fire. The extinguisher is classified 5B:C byUnderwriters Laboratories.

The extinguisher should be checked prior to each flight to ensure thatthe pressure of the contents, as indicated by the gage at the top of theextinguisher, is within the green arc (approximately 125 psi) and theoperating lever lock pin is securely in place.

To operate the fire extinguisher: 1. Loosen retaining clamp(s) and remove extinguisher from bracket.2. Hold extinguisher upright, pull operating ring pin, and press lever

while directing the liquid at the base of the fire at the near edge.Progress toward the back of the fire by moving the nozzle rapidlywith a side-to-side sweeping motion.

WARNING

VENTILATE THE CABIN PROMPTLY AFTERSUCCESSFULLY EXTINGUISHING THE FIRE TOREDUCE THE GASES PRODUCED BY THERMALDECOMPOSITION.

3. The contents of the cabin fire extinguisher will empty inapproximately eight seconds of continuous use.

Fire extinguishers should be recharged by a qualified fire extinguisheragency after each use. After recharging, secure the extinguisher to itsmounting bracket.




GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.

CABIN FEATURES (Continued)

CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTION SYSTEM

The carbon monoxide (CO) detection system consist of a singledetector located behind the instrument panel, powered by the airplanesDC electrical system and integrated in the Garmin G1000 system with awarning annunciation and alert messages displayed on the PFD.

When the CO detection system senses a CO level of 50 parts-per-million (PPM) by volume or greater the alarm turns on a flashingwarning annunciation, CO LVL HIGH, in the annunciation window onthe PFD with a continuous tone until the PFD softkey below WARNINGis pushed. It then remains on steady until the CO level drops below 50PPM and automatically resets the alarm.

If the CO system detects a problem within the system that requiresservice, a CO DET SRVC message is displayed in the alerts window ofthe PFD. If there is an interface problem between the G1000 systemand the CO system a CO DET FAIL message is displayed in the alertswindow of the PFD.

T182TPHBUS-017-96

CESSNA SECTION 8MODEL T182T NAV III AIRPLANE HANDLING, SERVICE GFC 700 AFCS AND MAINTENANCE

U.S.

AIRPLANE HANDLING, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE


Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-3Identification Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-4Cessna Owner Advisories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-4

United States Airplane Owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-4International Airplane Owners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-4Publications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-5

Airplane File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6Airplane Inspection Periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-7

FAA Required Inspections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-7Cessna Inspection Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-7Cessna Customer Care Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-8

Pilot Conducted Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-8Alterations Or Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9Ground Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9

Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9Tiedown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-10Jacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-10Leveling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11Flyable Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11

Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-12Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-13

Oil Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-13Recommended Viscosity For Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . .8-13Capacity Of Engine Sump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-14Oil And Oil Filter Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-14


T182TPHBUS-00 8-1

SECTION 8 CESSNAAIRPLANE HANDLING, SERVICE MODEL T182T NAV IIIAND MAINTENANCE GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.


Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15Approved Fuel Grades (And Colors) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15Fuel Capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16Fuel Contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20

Oxygen Filling Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21Landing Gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22Cleaning And Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23

Windshield And Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23Painted Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24Propeller Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25Propeller Heat Boot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25Engine Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27Interior Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27Avionics Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28

T182TPHBUS-008-2


U.S.

INTRODUCTIONThis section contains factory recommended procedures for properground handling and routine care and servicing of your airplane. It alsoidentifies certain inspection and maintenance requirements which mustbe followed if your airplane is to retain that new airplane performanceand dependability. It is important to follow a planned schedule oflubrication and preventive maintenance based on climatic and flyingconditions encountered in your local area.

Keep in touch with your local Cessna Service Station and takeadvantage of their knowledge and experience. Your Cessna ServiceStation knows your airplane and how to maintain it, and will remind youwhen lubrications and oil changes are necessary, as well as otherseasonal and periodic services.

The airplane should be regularly inspected and maintained inaccordance with information found in the airplane maintenance manualand in company issued service bulletins and service newsletters. Allservice bulletins pertaining to the airplane by serial number should beaccomplished and the airplane should receive repetitive and requiredinspections. Cessna does not condone modifications, whether bySupplemental Type Certificate (STC) or otherwise, unless thesecertificates are held and/or approved by Cessna. Other modificationsmay void warranties on the airplane since Cessna has no way ofknowing the full effect on the overall airplane. Operation of an airplanethat has been modified may be a risk to the occupants, and operatingprocedures and performance data set forth in the POH may no longerbe considered accurate for the modified airplane.

T182TPHBUS-01 8-3


U.S.

IDENTIFICATION PLATEAll correspondence regarding your airplane should include the SerialNumber. The Serial Number, Model Number, Production CertificateNumber (PC) and Type Certificate Number (TC) can be found on theIdentification Plate, located on the aft left tailcone. The Finish and TrimPlate, which is installed on the lower part of the left forward doorpost,contains a code describing the exterior paint combination of theairplane. The code may be used in conjunction with an applicableIllustrated Parts Catalog if finish and trim information is needed.

CESSNA OWNER ADVISORIESCessna Owner Advisories are sent to Cessna Aircraft FAA Registeredowners of record at no charge to inform them about mandatory and/orbeneficial airplane service requirements and product changes. Copiesof the actual bulletins are available from Cessna Service Stations andCessna Propeller Aircraft Customer Services.

UNITED STATES AIRPLANE OWNERS

If your airplane is registered in the U.S., appropriate Cessna OwnerAdvisories will be mailed to you automatically according to the latestairplane registration name and address which you have provided to theFAA. Therefore, it is important that you provide correct and up to datemailing information to the FAA.

If you require a duplicate Owner Advisory to be sent to an addressdifferent from the FAA aircraft registration address, please completeand return an Owner Advisory Application (otherwise no action isrequired on your part).

INTERNATIONAL AIRPLANE OWNERS

To receive Cessna Owner Advisories, please complete and return anOwner Advisory Application.

Receipt of a valid Owner Advisory Application will establish yourCessna Owner Advisory service for one year, after which you will besent a renewal notice. It is important that you respond promptly toupdate your address for this critical service.

T182TPHBUS-018-4


U.S.

PUBLICATIONS Various publications and flight operation aids are furnished in theairplane when delivered from the factory. These items are listed below.

• Customer Care Program Handbook

• Pilot’s Operating Handbook and FAA Approved AirplaneFlight Manual

• Pilot’s Checklist

• Passenger Briefing Card

• Cessna Service Station Directory

To obtain additional publications or owner advisory information, youmay contact Cessna Propeller Aircraft Customer Services at (316) 517-5800. Fax (316) 517-7271 or write to Cessna Aircraft Company, P.O.Box 7706, Wichita, KS 67277, Dept 751C.

The following additional publications, plus many other supplies that areapplicable to your airplane, are available from a Cessna ServiceStation.

• Information Manual (contains Pilot’s OperatingHandbook Information)

• Maintenance Manual, Wiring Diagram Manual andIllustrated Parts Catalog

Cessna Service Stations have a Customer Care Supplies andPublications Catalog covering all available items, many of which theService Station keeps on hand. The Service Station can place an orderfor any item which is not in stock.

NOTEA Pilot's Operating Handbook and FAA Approved AirplaneFlight Manual which is lost or destroyed may be replaced bycontacting a Cessna Service Station. An affidavit containingthe owner's name, airplane serial number and reason forreplacement must be included in replacement requestssince the Pilot's Operating Handbook and FAA ApprovedAirplane Flight Manual is identified for specific serialnumbered airplanes only.

T182TPHBUS-01 8-5


U.S.

AIRPLANE FILEThere are miscellaneous data, information and licenses that are a partof the airplane file. The following is a checklist for that file. In addition, aperiodic check should be made of the latest Federal AviationRegulations to ensure that all data requirements are met.

To be displayed in the airplane at all times:1. Aircraft Airworthiness Certificate (FAA Form 8100-2).2. Aircraft Registration Certificate (FAA Form 8050-3).3. Aircraft Radio Station License, (if applicable).

To be carried in the airplane at all times:1. Current Pilot's Operating Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane

Flight Manual.2. Garmin G1000 Cockpit Reference Guide (190-00384-00 Rev. B

or subsequent).3. Weight and Balance, and associated papers (latest copy of the

Repair and Alteration Form, FAA Form 337, if applicable).4. Equipment List.

To be made available upon request:1. Airplane Logbook.2. Engine Logbook.

Most of the items listed are required by the United States FederalAviation Regulations. Since the Regulations of other nations mayrequire other documents and data, owners of airplanes not registered inthe United States should check with their own aviation officials todetermine their individual requirements.

Cessna recommends that these items, plus the Pilot's Checklists,Customer Care Program Handbook and Customer Care Card, becarried in the airplane at all times.

T182TPHBUS-008-6


U.S.

AIRPLANE INSPECTION PERIODS

FAA REQUIRED INSPECTIONS

As required by U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations, all civil aircraft ofU.S. registry must undergo a complete inspection (annual) each twelvecalendar months. In addition to the required annual inspection, aircraftoperated commercially (for hire) must have a complete inspectionevery 100 hours of operation.

The FAA may require other inspections by the issuance ofairworthiness directives applicable to the airplane, engine, propellerand components. It is the responsibility of the owner/operator to ensurecompliance with all applicable airworthiness directives, and when theinspections are repetitive, to take appropriate steps to preventinadvertent noncompliance.

CESSNA INSPECTION PROGRAMS

In lieu of the 100 hour and annual inspection requirements, an airplanemay be inspected in accordance with a Progressive Care InspectionProgram or a PhaseCard Inspection Program. Both programs offersystems which allow the work load to be divided into smaller operationsthat can be accomplished in shorter time periods.

The Cessna Progressive Care Inspection Program allows an airplaneto be inspected and maintained in four operations. The four operationsare recycled each 200 hours and are recorded in a specially providedAircraft Inspection Log as each operation is conducted.

The PhaseCard Inspection Program offers a parallel system for high-utilization flight operations (approximately 600 flight hours per year).This system utilizes 50 hour intervals (Phase 1 and Phase 2) to inspecthigh-usage systems and components. At 12 months or 600 flight hours,whichever occurs first, the airplane undergoes a complete (Phase 3)inspection.

Regardless of the inspection method selected, the owner should keepin mind that 14 CFR 43 and 14 CFR 91 establishes the requirementthat properly certified agencies or personnel accomplish all requiredFAA inspections and most of the manufacturer recommendedinspections.


T182TPHBUS-01 8-7


U.S.

AIRPLANE INSPECTION PERIODS (Continued)

CESSNA CUSTOMER CARE PROGRAM

Specific benefits and provisions of the Cessna Warranty plus otherimportant benefits for you are contained in your Customer CareProgram Handbook supplied with your airplane. The Customer CareProgram Handbook should be thoroughly reviewed and kept in theairplane at all times.

You will also want to return to your Cessna Service Station either at 50hours for your first Progressive Care Operation, or at 100 hours for yourfirst 100 hour inspection depending on which program you choose toestablish for your airplane. While these important inspections will beperformed for you by any Cessna Service Station, in most cases youwill prefer to have the Cessna Service Station from whom youpurchased the airplane accomplish this work.

PILOT CONDUCTED PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCEA certified pilot who owns or operates an airplane not used as an aircarrier is authorized by 14 CFR 43 to perform limited maintenance onhis airplane. Refer to 14 CFR 43 for a list of the specific maintenanceoperations which are allowed.

NOTEPilots operating airplanes of other than U.S. registry shouldrefer to the regulations of the country of certification forinformation on preventive maintenance that may beperformed by pilots.

A Maintenance Manual must be obtained prior to performing anypreventive maintenance to ensure that proper procedures are followed.A Cessna Service Station should be contacted for further information orfor required maintenance which must be accomplished by appropriatelylicensed personnel.

T182TPHBUS-018-8


U.S.

ALTERATIONS OR REPAIRSIt is essential that the FAA be contacted prior to any alterations on theairplane to ensure that airworthiness of the airplane is not violated.Alterations or repairs to the airplane must be accomplished by licensedpersonnel, utilizing only FAA Approved components and FAA Approveddata, such as Cessna Service Bulletins.

GROUND HANDLING

TOWING

The airplane is most easily and safely maneuvered by hand with thetow bar attached to the nosewheel (the tow bar is stowed on the side ofthe baggage area). When towing with a vehicle, do not exceed thenose gear turning angle of 29° either side of center, or damage to thenose landing gear will result.

CAUTIONREMOVE ANY INSTALLED RUDDER LOCK BEFORETOWING.

If the airplane is towed or pushed over a rough surface duringhangaring, watch that the normal cushioning action of the nose strutdoes not cause excessive vertical movement of the tail and theresulting contact with low hangar doors or structure. A flat nose tire ordeflated strut will also increase tail height.

PARKING

When parking the airplane, head into the wind and set the parkingbrake. Do not set the parking brake during cold weather whenaccumulated moisture may freeze the brakes, or when the brakes areoverheated. Install the control wheel lock and chock the wheels. Insevere weather and high wind conditions, tie the airplane down asoutlined in the following paragraph.


T182TPHBUS-00 8-9


U.S.

GROUND HANDLING (Continued)

TIEDOWN

Proper tiedown procedure is the best precaution against damage to theparked airplane by gusty or strong winds. To tiedown the airplanesecurely, proceed as follows:

1. Set the parking brake and install the control wheel lock.2. Install a surface control lock over the fin and rudder.3. Tie sufficiently strong ropes or chains (700 pounds tensile

strength) to the wing, tail and nose tiedown fittings and secureeach rope or chain to a ramp tiedown.

4. Install a pitot tube cover.

JACKING

When a requirement exists to jack the entire airplane off the ground, orwhen wing jack points are used in the jacking operation, refer to theMaintenance Manual for specific procedures and equipment required.

Individual main gear may be jacked by using the jack pad which isincorporated in the main landing gear strut step bracket. When usingthe individual gear strut jack pad, flexibility of the gear strut will causethe main wheel to slide inboard as the wheel is raised, tilting the jack.The jack must then be lowered for a second jacking operation. Do notjack both main wheels simultaneously using the individual main gearjack pads.

CAUTIONDO NOT APPLY PRESSURE ON THE ELEVATOR ORHORIZON TAL STABIL IZER SUR FAC ES. WH ENPUSHING ON THE TAILCONE, ALWAYS APPLYPRESSURE AT A BULKHEAD TO AVOID BUCKLING THESKIN.

If nose gear maintenance is required, the nosewheel may be raised offthe ground by pressing down on a tailcone bulkhead, just forward of thehorizontal stabilizer, and allowing the tail to rest on the tail tiedown ring.


T182TPHBUS-008-10


U.S.


JACKING (Continued)

To assist in raising and holding the nosewheel off the ground, groundanchors should be utilized at the tail tiedown point.

NOTEEnsure that the nose will be held off the ground under allconditions by means of suitable stands or supports underweight supporting bulkheads near the nose of the airplane.

LEVELING

Longitudinal leveling of the airplane is accomplished by placing a levelon leveling screws located on the left side of the tailcone. Deflate thenose tire and/or lower or raise the nose strut to properly center thebubble in the level. Corresponding points on both upper door sills maybe used to level the airplane laterally.

FLYABLE STORAGE

Engines in airplanes that are flown every 30 days or less may notachieve normal service life because of internal corrosion. Corrosionoccurs when moisture from the air and the products of combustioncombine to attack cylinder walls and bearing surfaces during periodswhen the airplane is not flown.

The minimum recommended operating frequency for the engine is onecontinuous flight hour (not counting taxi, takeoff and landing time) withoil temperatures of 165°F to 200°F every 30 days or less (depending onlocation and storage conditions). Airplanes operated close to oceans,lakes, rivers and in humid regions are in greater need of enginepreservation than airplanes operated in arid regions. Appropriateengine preservation procedures must be practiced by the owner oroperator of the airplane based on present environmental conditions andthe frequency of airplane activity.

NOTEThe engine manufacturer does not recommend pulling theengine through by hand during storage periods.


T182TPHBUS-00 8-11


U.S.


FLYABLE STORAGE (Continued)

If the airplane is to remain inactive for more than 30 days, consult thelatest revision of Textron Lycoming Service Letter L180(www.lycoming.textron.com).

It is recommended when storing the airplane for any period of time tokeep fuel tanks full to minimize condensation in tanks. Keep the batteryfully charged to prevent the electrolyte from freezing in cold weather.Refer to the Maintenance Manual for proper airplane storageprocedures.

SERVICINGIn addition to the Preflight Inspection covered in Section 4 of this POH,complete servicing, inspection and test requirements for your airplaneare detailed in the Maintenance Manual. The Maintenance Manualoutlines all items which require attention at specific intervals plus thoseitems which require servicing, inspection, and/or testing at specialintervals.

Since Cessna Service Stations conduct all service, inspection, and testprocedures in accordance with applicable Maintenance Manuals, it isrecommended that you contact a Cessna Service Station concerningthese requirements and begin scheduling your airplane for service atthe recommended intervals.

Cessna Progressive Care ensures that these requirements areaccomplished at the required intervals to comply with the 100 hour orannual inspection as previously covered.

Depending on various flight operations, your local government aviationagency may require additional service, inspections, or tests. For theseregulatory requirements, owners should check with local aviationofficials where the airplane is being operated.

For quick and ready reference, quantities, materials and specificationsfor frequently used service items are as follows.

T182TPHBUS-018-12


U.S.

OIL

OIL SPECIFICATION

MIL-L-22851 or SAE J1899 Aviation Grade Ashless Dispersant Oil: Oilconforming to Textron Lycoming Service Instructions No. 1014, and allrevisions and supplements thereto, must be used.

The airplane was delivered from the factory with a corrosion preventiveAviation Grade engine oil. This oil should be drained after the first 25hours of operation.

RECOMMENDED VISCOSITY FOR TEMPERATURERANGE

Multiviscosity or straight grade oil may be used throughout the year forengine lubrication. Refer to the following table for temperature versusviscosity ranges.

NOTEWhen operating temperatures overlap, use the lightergrade of oil.


TemperatureMIL-L-22851 or SAE

J1899 Ashless Dispersant Oil SAE Grade

Above 27°C (80°F) 60Above 16°C (60°F) 40 or 50-1°C (30°F) to 32°C (90°F) 40-18°C (0°F) to 21°C (70°F) 30, 40 or 20W-40Below -12°C (10°F) 30 or 20W-30-18°C (0°F) to 32°C (90°F) 20W-50 or 15W-50All Temperatures 15W-50 or 20W-50

T182TPHBUS-01 8-13


U.S.

OIL (Continued)

CAPACITY OF ENGINE SUMP

The engine has a total capacity of 9 quarts, with the oil filter accountingfor approximately one quart of that total. The engine oil sump has acapacity of 8 quarts. The engine must not be operated on less than 4quarts (as measured by the dipstick). For extended flights, the engineshould be filled to capacity.

OIL AND OIL FILTER CHANGE

After the first 25 hours of operation, drain the engine oil sump andreplace the filter. Refill sump with MIL-L-22851 or SAE J1899 AviationGrade Ashless Dispersant Oil. Ashless dispersant oil (and oil filter)should be changed at time intervals set forth by the enginemanufacturer.

NOTEDuring the first 25 hour oil and filter change, a generalinspection of the overall engine compartment is required.Items which are not normally checked during a preflightinspection should be given special attention. Hoses, metallines and fittings should be inspected for signs of oil andfuel leaks, and checked for abrasions, chafing, security,proper routing and support, and evidence of deterioration.Inspect the intake and exhaust systems for cracks,evidence of leakage, and security of attachment. Enginecontrols and linkages should be checked for freedom ofmovement through their full range, security of attachmentand evidence of wear. Inspect wiring for security, chafing,burning, defective insulation, loose or broken terminals,heat deterioration, and corroded terminals. Check thealternator belt in accordance with Maintenance Manualinstructions, and retighten if necessary. A periodic check ofthese items during subsequent servicing operations isrecommended.

T182TPHBUS-008-14


U.S.

FUEL

APPROVED FUEL GRADES (AND COLORS)100LL Grade Aviation Fuel (Blue)100 Grade Aviation Fuel (Green)

NOTEIsopropyl alcohol or Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether(DiEGME) may be added to the fuel supply in quantities notto exceed 1% (alcohol) or 0.15% (DiEGME) of total volume.Refer to Fuel Additives in later paragraphs for additionalinformation.

FUEL CAPACITY92.0 U.S. Gallons Total: . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.0 U.S. Gallons per tank.

NOTE

• To ensure maximum fuel capacity when refueling andminimize crossfeeding, the fuel selector valve should beplaced in either the LEFT or RIGHT position and theairplane parked in a wings level, normal ground attitude.Refer to Figure 1-1 for a definition of normal groundattitude.

• Service the fuel system after each flight, and keep fueltanks full to minimize condensation in the tanks.


T182TPHBUS-00 8-15


U.S.

FUEL (Continued)

FUEL ADDITIVES

Strict adherence to recommended preflight draining instructions ascalled for in Section 4 will eliminate any free water accumulations fromthe tank sumps. While small amounts of water may still remain insolution in the gasoline, it will normally be consumed and go unnoticedin the operation of the engine.

One exception to this can be encountered when operating under thecombined effect of: (1) use of certain fuels, with (2) high humidityconditions on the ground (3) followed by flight at high altitude and lowtemperature. Under these unusual conditions, small amounts of waterin solution can precipitate from the fuel stream and freeze in sufficientquantities to induce partial icing of the engine fuel system.

While these conditions are quite rare and will not normally pose aproblem to owners and operators, they do exist in certain areas of theworld and consequently must be dealt with, when encountered.

Therefore, to help alleviate the possibility of fuel icing occurring underthese unusual conditions, it is permissible to add isopropyl alcohol ordiethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DiEGME) compound to the fuelsupply.

The introduction of alcohol or DiEGME compound into the fuel providestwo distinct effects: (1) it absorbs the dissolved water from the gasolineand (2) alcohol has a freezing temperature depressant effect.

NOTEWhen using fuel additives, it must be remembered that thefinal goal is to obtain a correct fuel to additive ratio in thetank, and not just with fuel coming out of the refuelingnozzle. For example, adding 15 gallons of correctlyproportioned fuel to a tank which contains 20 gallons ofuntreated fuel will result in a lower than acceptableconcentration level to the 35 gallons of fuel which nowreside in the tank.


T182TPHBUS-008-16


U.S.

FUEL (Continued)

FUEL ADDITIVES (Continued)

Alcohol, if used, is to be blended with the fuel in a concentration of 1%by volume. Concentrations greater than 1% are not recommendedsince they can be detrimental to fuel tank materials.

The manner in which the alcohol is added to the fuel is significantbecause alcohol is most effective when it is completely dissolved in thefuel. To ensure proper mixing, the following is recommended:

1. For best results, the alcohol should be added during the fuelingoperation by pouring the alcohol directly on the fuel streamissuing from the fueling nozzle.

2. An alternate method that may be used is to premix the completealcohol dosage with some fuel in a separate clean container(approximately 2-3 gallon capacity) and then transferring thismixture to the tank prior to the fuel operation.


T182TPHBUS-00 8-17


U.S.

FUEL MIXING RATIO

Figure 8-1

T182TPHBUS-008-18


U.S.

FUEL (Continued)

FUEL ADDITIVES (Continued)

Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether (DiEGME) compound must becarefully mixed with the fuel in concentrations between 0.10%(minimum) and 0.15% (maximum) of total fuel volume. Refer to Figure8-1 for a DiEGME-to-fuel mixing chart.

WARNING

ANTI-ICING ADDITIVE IS DANGEROUS TO HEALTHWHEN BREATHED AND/OR ABSORBED INTO THESKIN.

CAUTIONMIXING OF DIEGME WITH FUEL IS EXTREMELYIMPORTANT. A CONCENTRATION IN EXCESS OF THATRECOMMENDED (0.15% BY VOLUME MAXIMUM) MAYRESULT IN DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS TO THE FUELTANK AND SEALANT, AND DAMAGE TO O-RINGS ANDSEALS USED IN THE FUEL SYSTEM AND ENGINECOMPONENTS. A CONCENTRATION OF LESS THANTHAT RECOMMENDED (0.10% BY TOTAL VOLUMEMINIMUM) WILL RESULT IN INEFFECTIVE TREATMENT.USE ON LY BLE NDING EQUIPMEN T THAT ISRECOMMENDED BY THE MANUFACTURER TO OBTAINPROPER PROPORTIONING.

Prolonged storage of the airplane will result in a water buildup in thefuel which leeches out the additive. An indication of this is when anexcessive amount of water accumulates in the fuel tank sumps. Theconcentration can be checked using a differential refractometer. It isimperative that the technical manual for the differential refractometer befollowed explicitly when checking the additive concentration.


T182TPHBUS-00 8-19


U.S.

FUEL (Continued)

FUEL CONTAMINATION

Fuel contamination is usually the result of foreign material present inthe fuel system, and may consist of water, rust, sand, dirt, microbes orbacterial growth. In addition, additives that are not compatible with fuelor fuel system components can cause the fuel to becomecontaminated.

Before each flight and after each refueling, use a clear sampler cup anddrain at least a cupful of fuel from each fuel tank drain location and fromthe fuel strainer quick drain valve to determine if contaminants arepresent, and to ensure the airplane has been fueled with the propergrade of fuel.

If contamination is detected, drain all fuel drain points again, includingthe fuel selector drain valve, and then gently rock the wings and lowerthe tail to the ground to move any additional contaminants to thesampling points. Take repeated samples from all fuel drain points untilall contamination has been removed. If, after repeated sampling,evidence of contamination still exists, the airplane should not be flown.Tanks should be drained and system purged by qualified maintenancepersonnel. All evidence of contamination must be removed beforefurther flight. If the airplane has been serviced with the improper fuelgrade, defuel completely and refuel with the correct grade. Do not flythe airplane with contaminated or unapproved fuel.

In addition, Owners/Operators who are not acquainted with a particularfixed base operator should be assured that the fuel supply has beenchecked for contamination and is properly filtered before allowing theairplane to be serviced. Fuel tanks should be kept full between flights,provided weight and balance considerations will permit, to reduce thepossibility of water condensing on the walls of partially filled tanks.

To further reduce the possibility of contaminated fuel, routinemaintenance of the fuel system should be performed in accordancewith the airplane Maintenance Manual. Only the proper fuel, asrecommended in this POH, should be used, and fuel additives shouldnot be used unless approved by Cessna and the Federal AviationAdministration.

T182TPHBUS-018-20


U.S.

OXYGEN FILLING PRESSURESThe oxygen cylinder, when fully charged, contains approximately 50cubic feet of MIL-O-27210 aviator's breathing oxygen, under a pressureof 1850 PSI at 21°C (70°F). Filling pressures will vary, however, due toambient temperature in the filling area, and the temperature riseresulting from compression of the oxygen. Because of this, merelyfilling to 1850 PSI will not result in a properly filled cylinder. Fill topressures indicated on the table below for ambient temperature.

OXYGEN FILLING PRESSURES

Figure 8-2

WARNING

OIL, GREASE OR OTHER LUBRICANTS IN CONTACTWITH OXYGEN CREATE A SERIOUS FIRE HAZARD,AND SUCH CONTACT MUST BE AVOIDED WHENHANDLING OXYGEN EQUIPMENT.

NOTEVerify that a complete oxygen system installation (not just apartial system) is in the airplane before attempting toservice the oxygen system.

AMBIENTTEMPERATURE

°F

FILLING PRESSURE

PSIG

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

°F

FILLINGPRESSURE

PSIG010203040

16501700172517751825

5060708090

18751925197520002050

T182TPHBUS-01 8-21


U.S.

LANDING GEARConsult the following table for servicing information on the landing gear.

* Keep strut filled with MIL-H-5606 hydraulic fluid perfilling instructions placard, and with no load on the strut,inflate with air to 55.0-60.0 PSI. Do not over inflate.

COMPONENT SERVICING CRITERIANose Wheel (5.00-5, 6-Ply Rated Tire) 49.0 PSI

Main Wheel (6.00-6, 6-Ply Rated Tire) 42.0 PSI

Brakes MIL-H-5606

Nose Gear Shock Strut MIL-H-5606; 55.0-60.0 PSI *

T182TPHBUS-008-22


U.S.

CLEANING AND CARE

WINDSHIELD AND WINDOWS

The plastic windshield and windows should be cleaned with an airplanewindshield cleaner. Apply the cleaner sparingly with soft cloths, and rubwith moderate pressure until all dirt, oil scum and bug stains areremoved. Allow the cleaner to dry, then wipe it off with soft flannelcloths.

CAUTIONNEVER USE GASOLINE, BENZENE, ALCOHOL,ACETONE, FIRE EXTINGUISHER, ANTI-ICE FLUID,LACQUER THINNER OR GLASS CLEANER TO CLEANTHE PLASTIC. THESE MATERIALS WILL ATTACK THEPLASTIC AND MAY CAUSE IT TO CRAZE.

If a windshield cleaner is not available, the plastic can be cleaned withsoft cloths moistened with Stoddard solvent to remove oil and grease.Follow by carefully washing with a mild detergent and plenty of water.Rinse thoroughly, then dry with a clean moist chamois.

Do not rub the plastic with a dry cloth since this builds up anelectrostatic charge which attracts dust. Waxing with a goodcommercial wax will finish the cleaning job. A thin, even coat of wax,polished out by hand with clean soft flannel cloths, will fill in minorscratches and help prevent further scratching.

Do not use a canvas cover on the windshield unless freezing rain orsleet is anticipated since the cover may scratch the plastic surface.


T182TPHBUS-01 8-23


U.S.

CLEANING AND CARE (Continued)

PAINTED SURFACES

The painted exterior surfaces of your new Cessna have a durable, longlasting finish.

Generally, the painted surfaces can be kept bright by washing withwater and mild soap, followed by a rinse with water and drying withcloths or a chamois. Harsh or abrasive soaps or detergents whichcause corrosion or scratches should never be used. Remove stubbornoil and grease with a cloth moistened with Stoddard solvent. Takespecial care to make sure that the exterior graphics are not touched bythe solvent. For complete care of exterior graphics, refer to theMaintenance Manual.

To seal any minor surface chips or scratches and protect againstcorrosion, the airplane should be waxed regularly with a goodautomotive wax applied in accordance with the manufacturer'sinstructions. If the airplane is operated in a seacoast or other salt waterenvironment, it must be washed and waxed more frequently to assureadequate protection. Special care should be taken to seal around rivetheads and skin laps, which are the areas most susceptible to corrosion.A heavier coating of wax on the leading edges of the wings and tail andon the cowl nose cap and propeller spinner will help reduce theabrasion encountered in these areas. Reapplication of wax willgenerally be necessary after cleaning with soap solution or afterchemical deicing operations.

When the airplane is parked outside in cold climates and it is necessaryto remove ice before flight, care should be taken to protect the paintedsurfaces during ice removal with chemical liquids. Isopropyl alcohol willsatisfactorily remove ice accumulations without damaging the paint.However, keep the isopropyl alcohol away from the windshield andcabin windows since it will attack the plastic and may cause it to craze.


T182TPHBUS-008-24


U.S.


PROPELLER CARE

Preflight inspection of propeller blades for nicks, and wiping themoccasionally with an oily cloth to clean off grass and bug stains willassure long blade life. Small nicks on the propeller, particularly near thetips and on the leading edges, should be dressed out as soon aspossible since these nicks produce stress concentrations, and ifignored, may result in cracks or failure of the propeller blade. Never usean alkaline cleaner on the blades; remove grease and dirt withStoddard solvent.

PROPELLER HEAT BOOT

The propeller heat boots have a special electrically conductive coatingto bleed off static charges which cause radio interference and mayperforate the boots. Servicing operations should be done carefully toavoid damaging this conductive coating or tearing the boots.

To prolong the life of propeller heat boots, they should be washed andserviced on a regular basis. Keep the boots clean and free from oil,grease and other solvents which cause rubber to swell and deteriorate.Outlined below are recommended cleaning and servicing procedures.

CAUTIONUSE ONLY THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS WHENCLEANING BOOTS. DISREGARD INSTRUCTIONSWHICH RECOMMEND PETROLEUM BASE LIQUIDS(MEK, NON-LEADED GASOLINE, ETC.) WHICH CANHARM THE BOOT MATERIAL.

1. Clean boots with mild soap and water, then rinse thoroughly withclean water.

NOTEIsopropyl alcohol can be used to remove grime whichcannot be removed using soap. If isopropyl alcohol is usedfor cleaning, wash area with mild soap and water, then rinsethoroughly with clean water.


T182TPHBUS-01 8-25


U.S.


PROPELLER HEAT BOOT (Continued)

2. Allow the boots to dry, then apply a coating of Age Master No. 1to the boots in accordance with application instruction on thecontainer.

NOTEAge Master No. 1 is beneficial for its ozone and weatherresistance features.

3. After the boots have been treated with Age Master No. 1, apply acoating of ICEX to the boots in accordance with applicableinstructions on the ICEX container.

NOTEICEX may be beneficial as an ice adhesion depressant.Both Age Master No. 1 and ICEX are distributed by the B.F.Goodrich Company.

CAUTIONICEX CONTAINS SILICONE, WHICH LESSENS PAINTADHESION. USE CARE WHEN APPLYING ICEX, ANDPROTECT ADJACENT SURFACES FROM OVERSPRAY,SINCE OVERSPRAY OF ICEX WILL MAKE TOUCH-UPPAINTING ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE.

Age Master No. 1 and ICEX coatings last approximately 15 hours onprop heat.


T182TPHBUS-008-26


U.S.


ENGINE CARE

The engine may be cleaned, using a suitable solvent, in accordancewith instructions in the airplane Maintenance Manual. Most efficientcleaning is done using a spray type cleaner. Before spray cleaning,ensure that protection is afforded for components which might beadversely affected by the solvent. Refer to the airplane MaintenanceManual for proper lubrication of controls and components after enginecleaning. The induction air filter should be replaced when its conditionwarrants, not to exceed 500 hours.

INTERIOR CARE

To remove dust and loose dirt from the upholstery and carpet, clean theinterior regularly with a vacuum cleaner.

Blot up any spilled liquid promptly with cleansing tissue or rags. Don'tpat the spot; press the blotting material firmly and hold it for severalseconds. Continue blotting until no more liquid is taken up. Scrape offsticky materials with a dull knife, then spot clean the area.

Oily spots may be cleaned with household spot removers, usedsparingly. Before using any solvent, read the instructions on thecontainer and test it on an obscure place on the fabric to be cleaned.Never saturate the fabric with a volatile solvent; it may damage thepadding and backing materials.

Soiled upholstery and carpet may be cleaned with foam type detergent,used according to the manufacturer's instructions. To minimize wettingthe fabric, keep the foam as dry as possible and remove it with avacuum cleaner.

For complete information related to interior cleaning, refer to theMaintenance Manual.


T182TPHBUS-00 8-27


U.S.


AVIONICS CARE

The Garmin GDU displays have an anti-reflective coating that is verysensitive to skin oils, waxes, ammonia, and abrasive cleaners. Cleanthe displays as described in the Garmin G1000 Cockpit ReferenceGuide.

T182TPHBUS-008-28

CESSNA SECTION 9MODEL T182T NAV III SUPPLEMENTS GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

SUPPLEMENTS

INTRODUCTION

The supplements in this section contain amended operating limitations,operating procedures, performance data and other necessaryinformation for airplanes conducting special operations for bothstandard and optional equipment installed in the airplane. Operatorsshould refer to each supplement to ensure that all limitations andprocedures appropriate for their airplane are observed.

A non FAA Approved Log Of Approved Supplements is provided forconvenience only. This log is a numerical list of all FAA Approvedsupplements applicable to this airplane by name, supplement numberand revision level. This log should be used as a checklist to ensure allapplicable supplements have been placed in the Pilot's OperatingHandbook (POH). Supplements for both standard and installed optionalequipment must be maintained to the latest revision. Thosesupplements applicable to optional equipment which is not installed inthe airplane, do not have to be retained.

Each individual supplement contains its own Log of Effective Pages.This log lists the page number and revision level of every page in thesupplement. The log also lists the dates on which revisions to thesupplement occurred. Supplement page numbers will include an S andthe supplement number preceding the page number.

The part number of the supplement provides information on therevision level. Refer to the following example:

T182TPHBUS -S1 -00Revision Level of Supplement

Supplement NumberCessna T182T, Nav III GFC 700 AFCS, U.S. Pilot’s Operating Handbook (Serials T18208665 and T18208669 and On)

9-1/9-2T182TPHBUS-01

CESSNA SECTION 9MODEL T182T NAV III SUPPLEMENTS GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.

LOG OF APPROVED SUPPLEMENTS

NOTEIT IS THE AIRPLANE OWNER'S RESPONSIBILITY TOMAKE SURE THAT HE OR SHE HAS THE LATESTREVISION TO EACH SUPPLEMENT OF A PILOT'SOPERATING HANDBOOK, AND THE LATEST ISSUED"LOG OF APPROVED SUPPLEMENTS". THIS "LOG OFAPPROVED SUPPLEMENTS" WAS THE LATESTVERSION AS OF THE DATE IT WAS SHIPPED BYCESSNA; HOWEVER, SOME CHANGES MAY HAVEOCCURRED, AND THE OWNER SHOULD VERIFY THISIS THE LATEST, MOST UP-TO-DATE VERSION BYCONTACTING CESSNA CUSTOMER SUPPORT AT (316)517-5800.

SupplementNumber

Name RevisionLevel

EquipmentInstalled

1 Artex ME406 Emergency LocatorTransmitter (ELT)

0

2 Artex C406-N Emergency LocatorTransmitter (ELT) 0

3 L3 Communications WX-500Stormscope 0

4 Bendix/King KR87 AutomaticDirection Finder (ADF) 0

5 JAR-OPS Operational Eligibility 06 Canadian Certified Airplanes 07 Brazilian Certified Airplanes 0

20 June 2007T182TPHBUSLOG-02

Log 1/Log 2

U.S.

CESSNA MODEL T182TNAV III AVIONICS OPTION - GFC 700 AFCSSerials T18208665 and T18208669 and On

SUPPLEMENT 1ARTEX ME406


This supplement must be inserted into Section 9 of the Pilot's Operating Handbookand FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual when the Artex ME406 EmergencyLocator Transmitter (ELT) is installed.

SERIAL NO.

REGISTRATION NO.

T182TPHBUS-S1-00


WICHITA, KANSAS, USA

S1-1

2 NOVEMBER 2006

SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTS CESSNASUPPLEMENT 1 MODEL T182T NAV III

GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

SUPPLEMENT 1

ARTEX ME406 EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER(ELT)

Use the Log of Effective Pages to determine the current status of thissupplement.

Pages affected by the current revision are indicated by an asterisk (*)preceding the page number.

LOG OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Supplement Status DateOriginal Issue 2 November 2006

PageNumber

PageStatus

RevisionNumber

S1-1 thru S1-8 Original 0

T182TPHBUS-S1-00S1-2

CESSNA SECTION 9 - SUPPLEMENTSMODEL T182T NAV III SUPPLEMENT 1 GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

SERVICE BULLETIN CONFIGURATION LISTThe following is a list of Service Bulletins that are applicable to theoperation of the airplane, and have been incorporated into thissupplement. This list contains only those Service Bulletins that arecurrently active.

Number TitleAirplane SerialEffectivity

RevisionIncorporated

Incorporatedin Airplane

T182TPHBUS-S1-00 S1-3


GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

ARTEX ME406 EMERGENCY LOCATORTRANSMITTER (ELT)

GENERALThe Artex ME406 Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) installationuses a solid-state 2-frequency transmitter powered by an internallithium battery. The ME406 is also equipped with an instrument panel-mounted remote switch assembly, that includes a red warning light, andan external antenna mounted on the top of the tailcone. The remoteswitch assembly is installed along the upper right instrument panel andcontrols ELT operating modes from the flight crew station. When theremote switch is set to the ARM position, the transmitter is energizedonly when the internal "G” switch senses longitudinal inertia forces perTSO-C91a/TSO-C126. When the remote switch is set to the ONposition, the transmitter is immediately energized.

The ME406 transmitter unit is located in the tailcone along the left sidebehind the baggage compartment aft panel. On the ELT transmitter unitis a panel containing an ARM/ON switch and a transmitter warninglight.

The ELT installation uses two different warnings to tell the pilot whenthe ELT is energized. The aural warning is an unusual sound that iseasily heard by the pilot. The visual warning is a flashing red lightdirectly above the remote switch that shows the pilot that the ELT hasbeen activated.

When the ME406 is energized, the ELT transmits the standard swepttone signal on the international VHF frequency of 121.5 MHz untilbattery power is gone. The 121.5 MHz signal is mainly used to pinpointthe beacon during search and rescue operations, and is monitored bygeneral aviation, commercial aircraft, and government agencies.

In addition, for the first 24 hours of the ELT being energized, a 406.028MHz signal is transmitted at 50 second intervals. This transmissionlasts 440 milliseconds and contains identification data programmed intothe ELT and is received by COSPAS/SARSAT satellites. Thetransmitted data may include the Aircraft ID, ELT Serial Number,Country Code, and COSPAS/SARSAT ID.




U.S.FAA APPROVED

ARTEX ME406 ELT CONTROL PANEL

1. ELT PANEL SWITCH (2-Position Toggle Switch):a. ARM (OFF) - Turns OFF and ARMS transmitter for

automatic activation if “G” switch senses a predetermineddeceleration level.

b. ON - Activates transmitter instantly. The ON positionbypasses the automatic activation switch. The REDwarning light on ELT panel and on the remote switchassembly mounted on the instrument panel should comeon.

2. TRANSMITTER WARNING LIGHT - Light comes on RED toindicate the transmitter is transmitting a distress signal.

3. ANTENNA RECEPTACLE - Connects to the antenna mountedon top of tailcone.

4. REMOTE CABLE JACK - Connects to the ELT remote switchassembly located on the upper right instrument panel.

5. REMOTE SWITCH ASSEMBLY - (2-Position Rocker Switch): a. ARM (OFF) - Turns OFF and ARMS transmitter for


b. ON - Remotely activates the transmitter for test oremergency situations. The RED warning light above therocker switch comes on to indicate that the transmitter istransmitting a distress signal.

Figure S1-1



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

OPERATING LIMITATIONSThere are no additional airplane operating limitations when the ArtexME406 ELT is installed.

The airplane owner or operator must register the ME406 ELT with theapplicable civil aviation authority before use to make sure that theidentification code transmitted by the ELT is in the COSPAS/SARSATdatabase. Refer to www.cospas-sarsat.org for registration information.

Refer to 14 CFR 91.207 for ELT inspection requirements. The ME406must be inspected and tested by an approved technician using thecorrect test equipment under the appropriate civil aviation authoritiesapproved conditions.



U.S.FAA APPROVED

EMERGENCY PROCEDURESIf a forced landing is necessary, set the remote switch to the ONposition before landing. This is very important in remote ormountainous terrain. The red warning light above the remote switch willflash and the aural warning will be heard.

After a landing when search and rescue aid is needed, use the ELT asfollows:

NOTEThe ELT remote switch assembly could be inoperative ifdamaged during a forced landing. If inoperative, the inertia“G” switch will activate automatically. However, to turn theELT OFF and ON again requires manual switching of theELT panel switch which is located on the ELT unit.

1. MAKE SURE THE ELT IS ENERGIZED:a. If the red warning light above the remote switch is not

flashing, set the remote switch to the ON position.b. Listen for the aural warning. If the COM radio(s) operate and

can be energized safely (no threat of fire or explosion),energize a COM radio and set the frequency to 121.5 MHz.The ELT tone should be heard on the COM radio if the ELTis working correctly. When done, de-energize the COMradio(s) to conserve the airplane battery power.

c. Make sure that nothing is touching or blocking the ELTantenna.

2. AFTER RESCUE - Set the remote switch to the ARM position tode-energize the ELT. If the remote switch does not function, setthe switch on the ME406 (in the tailcone) to the ARM position.



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

NORMAL PROCEDURESWhen operating in a remote area or over hazardous terrain, it isrecommended that the ELT be inspected by an approved technicianmore frequently than required by 14 CFR 91.207.

NORMAL OPERATION1. Check that the remote switch (on the upper right instrument

panel) is set to the ARM position.

Normal operation of the ME406 from the flight crew station is only tode-energize and arm the ELT after it has been accidentally energized(no emergency).

The ELT can be energized by a lightning strike or hard landing. If thered light above the remote switch is flashing and the aural warning isheard, the ELT is energized. Check for the emergency signal on a COMradio set to 121.5 MHz. To stop the transmissions, set the remoteswitch to the ON position momentarily and then set to the ARMposition. Tell the nearest Air Traffic Control facility about the accidentaltransmissions as soon as possible to hold search and rescue work to aminimum.

PERFORMANCEThere is no change to the airplane performance when the Artex ME406ELT is installed.


U.S.


SUPPLEMENT 2ARTEX C406-N


This supplement must be inserted into Section 9 of the Pilot's Operating Handbookand FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual when the Artex C406-N EmergencyLocator Transmitter (ELT) is installed.

SERIAL NO.

REGISTRATION NO.

T182TPHBUS-S2-00



S2-1

2 NOVEMBER 2006


GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

SUPPLEMENT 2

ARTEX C406-N EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER(ELT)





PageNumber

PageStatus

RevisionNumber




U.S.FAA APPROVED







GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

ARTEX C406-N EMERGENCY LOCATORTRANSMITTER (ELT)

GENERALThe Artex C406-N Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) installationuses a solid-state 3-frequency transmitter powered by an internallithium battery. The navigation function of the C406-N ELT receivespower from the airplane’s main battery thru Avionics Bus 1 and theEssential Bus. The C406-N is also equipped with an instrument panel-mounted remote switch assembly, that includes a red warning light, andan external antenna mounted on the top of the tailcone. The remoteswitch assembly is installed along the top right side of the instrumentpanel and controls ELT operating modes from the flight crew station.When the remote switch is set to the ARM position, the transmitter isenergized only when the internal "G-switch" senses longitudinal inertiaforces per TSO-C91a/TSO-C126. When the remote switch is set to theON position, the transmitter is immediately energized.

The C406-N transmitter unit is located in the tailcone along the left sidebehind the baggage compartment aft panel. On the ELT transmitter unitis a panel containing an ON/OFF switch and a transmitter warning light.

The ELT installation uses two different warnings to tell the pilot whenthe ELT is energized. The aural warning is an unusual sound that iseasily heard by the pilot. The visual warning is a flashing red lightdirectly above the remote switch that shows the pilot that the ELT hasbeen activated.

When the C406-N is energized, the ELT transmits the standard swepttone signal on the international VHF frequency of 121.5 MHz and UHFfrequency of 243.0 MHz until battery power is gone. The 121.5 MHzsignal is mainly used to pinpoint the beacon during search and rescueoperations, and is monitored by general aviation, commercial aircraft,and government agencies.

In addition, for the first 24 hours of the ELT being energized, a 406.028MHz signal is transmitted at 50 second intervals. This transmissionlasts 440 milliseconds and contains identification data programmed intothe ELT and is received by COSPAS/SARSAT satellites. Thetransmitted data may include the Aircraft ID, GPS coordinates, ELTSerial Number, Country Code, and COSPAS/SARSAT ID.




U.S.FAA APPROVED

ARTEX C406-N ELT CONTROL PANEL

1. ELT PANEL SWITCH (2-Position Toggle Switch):a. OFF - Turns OFF and ARMS transmitter for automatic

activation if “G” switch senses a predetermineddeceleration level.

b. ON - Activates transmitter instantly. The ON positionbypasses the automatic activation switch. The REDwarning light on ELT panel and on the remote switchassembly mounted on the instrument panel should comeon.

2. TRANSMITTER WARNING LIGHT - Light comes on RED toindicate the transmitter is transmitting a distress signal.

3. REMOTE CABLE JACK - Connects to the ELT remote switchassembly located on the upper right instrument panel.

4. ANTENNA RECEPTACLE - Connects to the antenna mountedon top of tailcone.

5. REMOTE SWITCH ASSEMBLY - (2-Position Rocker Switch): a. ARM (OFF) - Turns OFF and ARMS transmitter for


b. ON - Remotely activates the transmitter for test oremergency situations. The RED warning light above therocker switch comes on to indicate that the transmitter istransmitting a distress signal.

Figure S2-1



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

OPERATING LIMITATIONSThere are no additional airplane operating limitations when the ArtexC406-N ELT is installed.

The airplane owner or operator must register the C406-N ELT with theapplicable civil aviation authority before use to make sure that theidentification code transmitted by the ELT is in the COSPAS/SARSATdatabase. Refer to www.cospas-sarsat.org for registration information.

Refer to 14 CFR 91.207 for ELT inspection requirements. The C406-Nmust be inspected and tested by an approved technician using thecorrect test equipment under the appropriate civil aviation authoritiesapproved conditions.



U.S.FAA APPROVED

EMERGENCY PROCEDURESIf a forced landing is necessary, set the remote switch to the ONposition before landing. This is very important in remote ormountainous terrain. The red warning light above the remote switch willflash and the aural warning will be heard.

After a landing when search and rescue aid is needed, use the ELT asfollows:

NOTEThe ELT remote switch assembly could be inoperative ifdamaged during a forced landing. If inoperative, the inertia“G” switch will activate automatically. However, to turn theELT OFF and ON again requires manual switching of theELT panel switch which is located on the ELT unit.

1. MAKE SURE THE ELT IS ENERGIZED:a. If the red warning light above the remote switch is not

flashing, set the remote switch to the ON position.b. Listen for the aural warning. If the COM radio(s) operate and

can be energized safely (no threat of fire or explosion),energize a COM radio and set the frequency to 121.5 MHz.The ELT tone should be heard on the COM radio if the ELTis working correctly. When done, de-energize the COMradio(s) to conserve the airplane battery power.

c. Make sure that nothing is touching or blocking the ELTantenna.

2. AFTER RESCUE - Set the remote switch to the ARM position tode-energize the ELT. If the remote switch does not function, setthe switch on the C406-N (in the tailcone) to the OFF position.



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

NORMAL PROCEDURESWhen operating in a remote area or over hazardous terrain, it isrecommended that the ELT be inspected by an approved technicianmore frequently than required by 14 CFR 91.207.

NORMAL OPERATION1. Check that the remote switch (on the right instrument panel) is set

to the ARM position.

Normal operation of the C406-N from the flight crew station is only tode-energize and arm the ELT after it has been accidentally energized(no emergency).

The ELT can be energized by a lightning strike or hard landing. If thered light above the remote switch is flashing and the aural warning isheard, the ELT is energized. Check for the emergency signal on a COMradio set to 121.5 MHz. To stop the transmissions, set the remoteswitch to the ON position momentarily and then set to the ARMposition. Tell the nearest Air Traffic Control facility about the accidentaltransmissions as soon as possible to hold search and rescue work to aminimum.

PERFORMANCEThere is no change to the airplane performance when the Artex C406-N ELT is installed.


U.S.


SUPPLEMENT 3L3 COMMUNICATIONS WX-500 STORMSCOPE

This supplement must be inserted into Section 9 of the Pilot's Operating Handbookand FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual when the L3 Communications WX-500Stormscope is installed.

SERIAL NO.

REGISTRATION NO.

T182TPHBUS-S3-00



S3-1

2 NOVEMBER 2006


GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

SUPPLEMENT 3

L3 COMMUNICATIONS WX-500 STORMSCOPEUse the Log of Effective Pages to determine the current status of thissupplement.




PageNumber

PageStatus

RevisionNumber




U.S.FAA APPROVED


Number Title Airplane Serial Effectivity

Revision Incorporated

Incorporated in Airplane



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

L3 COMMUNICATIONS WX-500 STORMSCOPE

GENERALThe L3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope Series II WeatherMapping Sensor is a "black-box" type weather sensor/processor thatuses an external controller/display unit for control input and outputdisplay functions. In this airplane, the WX-500 is integrated with theGarmin G1000 Integrated Cockpit System Multifunction Display (MFD)for the control and display of all Stormscope functions. See the G1000Cockpit Reference Guide for more information regarding operation ofthe G1000 MFD.

CAUTIONTHE L3 COMMUNICATIONS WX-500 STORMSCOPE ISAPPROVED FOR USE ONLY IN AVOIDING HAZARDOUSWEATHER (THUNDERSTORMS). USE OF THE WX-500TO PE NETR ATE HAZAR DOUS W EATH ER ISPROHIBITED.

The L3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope sensor detects electricaldischarge (lightning) activity through a dedicated antenna mounted onthe bottom of the airplane. The Stormscope processor continuouslyacquires electrical discharge data and performs self-test functions toensure that the data presented to the pilot is always current and reliablewhen displayed. The system is heading-stabilized, so that the properorientation of displayed data relative to the airplane position duringmaneuvering is maintained.

The Stormscope maps electrical discharge activity at ranges up to 200nautical miles (nm) and displays that activity map to the flight crew,either centered on the airplane position (360° view) or ahead of theairplane position through 60° on either side of the airplane heading(120°view).




U.S.FAA APPROVED

GENERAL (Continued)

No dedicated external power control for the WX-500 Stormscope isprovided. The WX-500 is powered through the AVIONICS BUS 1 switchand is current-protected by the STORM SCOPE circuit breaker. Atstartup, the WX-500 will perform self-tests and provide error messages,if necessary, through the G1000 Primary Flight Display (PFD) ALERTSwindow and MFD MAP-WEATHER MAP page. See the WX-500 User'sGuide for recommended actions if an error message appears.

WX-500 weather data can be displayed on the MFD MAP-WEATHERMAP page or may be displayed (overlaid) on the MAP-NAVIGATIONMAP page and/or the PFD INSET MAP display. From the MFD MAP-WEATHER MAP page, the user may select the desired view (360° or120°) by pressing the VIEW softkey. The range (25 to 200 nauticalmiles) may be set by rotating the RNG control knob on the MFD bezel.The user may also choose between Strike or Cell display modes usingthe MODE softkey. See the WX-500 User's Guide for informationregarding Strike and Cell mode display differences.

To overlay weather data on the MFD MAP-NAVIGATION MAP page,select the MAP softkey, then select the LTNG softkey and finally selectthe BACK softkey to return to the map. Availability will be shown by alightning bolt icon in the lower right corner of the map page (groupedwith icons for TRAFFIC, TOPO and TERRAIN, if selected ON).Lightning strikes will be depicted on the Map Mode display as yellowlightning bolts. The Stormscope display mode (Strike or Cell) will be asselected on the MAP-WEATHER MAP page. The view setting will be120° ARC and the range setting will match the NAVIGATION MAPrange selection to 200 nm.

NOTEIn evaluating lightning strike data, it may be useful to clearthe accumulated strike points on the display from time totime and then monitoring the reappearance of strike activityon the cleared display.



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

OPERATING LIMITATIONSThe L3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope is approved only as anaid to hazardous weather (thunderstorm) avoidance. Use forhazardous weather penetration is prohibited.

The Honeywell Bendix/King KMD 550 Multi-Function Display Pilot'sGuide must be available to the flight crew when operating the WX-500Stormscope.

The WX-500 Stormscope Series II Weather Mapping Sensor User'sGuide must be available to the flight crew when operating the WX-500Stormscope.

EMERGENCY PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane emergency procedures when the L3Communications WX-500 Stormscope is installed.

NORMAL PROCEDURESStatic discharge from the static wicks on the tail may cause falseindications of lightning strikes at the 6 o'clock position with the 200 nmrange selected.

Refer to the WX-500 User's Guide under "Error MessageRecommended Actions" for discontinuing use of the Stormscope if aStormscope error message appears.

PERFORMANCEThere is no change to the airplane performance when the L3Communications WX-500 Stormscope is installed.


U.S.


SUPPLEMENT 4BENDIX/KING KR87

AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER (ADF)

This supplement must be inserted into Section 9 of the Pilot's Operating Handbookand FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual when the Bendix/King KR 87 AutomaticDirection Finder (ADF) is installed.

SERIAL NO.

REGISTRATION NO.

T182TPHBUS-S4-00



S4-1

2 NOVEMBER 2006


GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

SUPPLEMENT 4

BENDIX/KING KR87 AUTOMATIC DIRECTIONFINDER (ADF)Use the Log of Effective Pages to determine the current status of thissupplement.




PageNumber

PageStatus

RevisionNumber




U.S.FAA APPROVED







GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

BENDIX/KING KR87 AUTOMATIC DIRECTIONFINDER (ADF)

GENERALThe Bendix/King Digital ADF is a panel-mounted, digitally tunedautomatic direction finder. It is designed to provide continuous 1-kHzdigital tuning in the frequency range of 200-kHz to 1799-kHz andeliminates the need for mechanical band switching. The system has areceiver, a built-in electronic timer, a bearing pointer shown on theG1000 Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI), and a KA-44B combinedloop and sense antenna. Controls and displays for the Bendix/KingDigital ADF are shown and described in Figure S4-1. The Garmin GMA1347 Audio Panel is used to control audio output. Audio paneloperation is described in the Garmin G1000 Cockpit Reference Guide.

The Bendix/King Digital ADF can be used for position plotting andhoming procedures, and for aural reception of amplitude modulated(AM) signals.

The flip-flop frequency display allows switching between preselectedstandby and active frequencies by pushing the frequency transferbutton. Both preselected frequencies are stored in a nonvolatilememory circuit (no battery power required) and displayed in large,easy-to-read, self-dimming gas discharge numbers. The activefrequency is continuously displayed in the left window, while the rightwindow will display either the standby frequency or the selectedreadout from the built-in electronic timer.

The built-in electronic timer has two timing functions that operateindependently. An automatic flight timer starts when the unit is turnedon. This timer counts up to 59 hours and 59 minutes. An elapsed timerwill count up or down for up to 59 minutes and 59 seconds. When apreset time interval has been programmed and the countdown reaches:00, the display will flash for 15 seconds. Since both the flight timer andelapsed timer operate independently, it is possible to monitor either onewithout disrupting the other. The pushbutton controls are internallylighted. The light intensity is controlled by the AVIONICS dimmercontrol.




U.S.FAA APPROVED

BENDIX/KING KR87 AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER (ADF)

Figure S4-1



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

GENERAL (Continued)

1. ANT/ADF MODE ANNUNCIATOR - Antenna (ANT) is selectedwhen the ADF button is in the OUT position. This mode improvesthe audio reception and is usually used for station identification.The bearing pointer is deactivated and will park in the 90° relativeposition. Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) mode is selected bypushing the ADF button. This mode activates the bearing pointerand will point in the direction of the station relative to the aircraftheading.

2. ACTIVE FREQUENCY DISPLAY - The frequency to which theADF is tuned is displayed here. The active ADF frequency can bechanged directly when either of the timer functions is selected.

3. BFO (Beat Frequency Oscillator) ANNUNCIATOR - The BFOmode is activated and annunciated by pushing the BFO button.When BFO mode is active, the carrier wave and its morse codeidentifier can be heard.

NOTECW signals (Morse Code) are unmodulated and no audiowill be heard without use of BFO. This type of signal is notused in the United States air navigation. It is used in someforeign countries and marine beacons.

4. STANDBY FREQUENCY/FLIGHT TIME OR ELAPSED TIMEDISPLAY - When FRQ is shown, the STANDBY frequency isshown in the right display. The STANDBY frequency is selectedusing the frequency select knobs. The selected STANDBYfrequency is put into the active frequency window by pushing thefrequency transfer button. Either the standby frequency, the flighttimer, or the elapsed time is shown in this position. The flighttimer and elapsed timer replace the standby frequency whichgoes into blind memory to be called back at any time by pushingthe FRQ button. Flight time or elapsed time are shown andannunciated by depressing the FLT/ET button.

5. FLIGHT TIMER AND ELAPSED TIMER MODE ANNUNCIATION- Either the elapsed time (ET) or flight time (FLT) mode isannunciated here.




U.S.FAA APPROVED

GENERAL (Continued)

6. FREQUENCY SELECT KNOBS - Selects the standby frequencywhen FRQ is displayed and directly selects the active frequencywhenever either of the time functions is selected. The frequencyselector knobs may be turned either clockwise orcounterclockwise. The small knob is pulled out to tune the 1's.The small knob is pushed in to tune the 10's. The outer knobtunes the 100's with rollover into the 1000's up to 1799. Theseknobs are also used to set the desired time when the elapsedtimer is used in the countdown mode.

7. ON/OFF/VOLUME CONTROL SWITCH (ON/OFF/VOL) -Controls power and audio output level. Turn the control switchclockwise from the OFF position to energize the receiver andincrease audio volume. The KR87 has audio muting whichcauses the audio output to be muted unless the receiver is lockedon a valid station.

8. SET/RESET ELAPSED TIMER BUTTON (SET/RST) - The SET/RST button resets the elapsed timer whether it is being displayedor not.

9. FLIGHT TIMER/ELAPSED TIMER MODE SELECTOR BUTTON(FLT/ET) -- The FLT/ET button selects either Flight Timer mode orElapsed Timer mode when pushed.

10.FREQUENCY TRANSFER BUTTON (FRQ) - The FRQ transferbutton interchanges the active and standby frequencies whenpushed.

11.BFO (Beat Frequency Oscillator) BUTTON - The BFO buttonselects the BFO mode when pushed in. (See note under item 3).

12.ADF BUTTON - The ADF button selects either the ANT mode orthe ADF mode. The ANT mode is selected when the ADF buttonis in the out position. The ADF mode is selected when the ADFbutton is pushed in.

13.LUBBER LINE - Indicates magnetic heading of the airplane. 14.ROTATING COMPASS ROSE (HSI COMPASS CARD) - The

rotating compass rose turns as the heading of the airplanechanges. The magnetic heading of the airplane is under thelubber line.

15.BEARING POINTER - Shows magnetic bearing to the station. 16.BEARING INFORMATION WINDOW - Shows the type of pointer

that is being used as the ADF bearing pointer. If ADF is notshown, push the BRG1 or BRG2 softkey until ADF is shown.



GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED

OPERATING LIMITATIONSRefer to Section 2 of the Pilot's Operating Handbook and FAAApproved Flight Manual (POH/AFM).

EMERGENCY PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane emergency procedures when theBendix/King KR 87 Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) is installed.

NORMAL PROCEDURES

TO OPERATE AS AN AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER:1. OFF/VOL Control - ON2. Frequency Selector Knobs - SELECT desired frequency in the

standby frequency display.3. FRQ Button - PUSH to move the desired frequency from the

standby to the active position.4. ADF Selector Switch (on audio control panel) - SELECT as

desired.5. OFF/VOL Control - SET to desired volume level and identify that

desired station is being received.6. PFD Softkey (on PFD) - PUSH to show BRG1 and BRG2

softkeys.7. BRG1 or BRG2 Softkey (on PFD) - PUSH to show ADF in

Bearing Information Window.8. ADF Button - SELECT ADF mode and note magnetic bearing on

HSI.




U.S.FAA APPROVED

NORMAL PROCEDURES (Continued)

ADF TEST (PREFLIGHT or IN FLIGHT):1. ADF Button - SELECT ANT mode and note pointer moves to 90°

position.2. ADF Button - SELECT ADF mode and note the pointer moves

without hesitation to the station bearing. Excessive pointersluggishness, wavering or reversals indicate a signal that is tooweak or a system malfunction.

TO OPERATE BFO:1. OFF/VOL Control - ON2. BFO Button - PRESS ON3. ADF Selector Buttons (on audio control panel) - SET to desired

mode.4. VOL Control - ADJUST to desired listening level.

NOTEA 1000-Hz tone and Morse Code identifier is heard in theaudio output when a CW signal is received.

TO OPERATE FLIGHT TIMER:1. OFF/VOL Control - ON2. FLT/ET Mode Button - PRESS (once or twice) until FLT is

annunciated. Timer will already be counting since it is activatedby turning the unit on.

3. OFF/VOL Control - OFF and then ON if it is desired to reset theflight timer.

TO OPERATE AS A COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVER ONLY:1. OFF/VOL Control - ON2. ADF Button - SELECT ANT mode3. Frequency Selector Knobs - SELECT desired frequency in the

standby frequency display.4. FRQ Button - PRESS to move the desired frequency from the

standby to the active position.5. ADF Selector Buttons (on audio control panel) - SET to desired

mode.6. VOL Control - ADJUST to desired listening level.




GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED


TO OPERATE ELAPSED TIME TIMER-COUNT UP MODE:1. OFF/VOL Control - ON2. FLT/ET Mode Button - PRESS (once or twice) until ET is

annunciated.3. SET/RST Button - PRESS momentarily to reset elapsed timer to

zero.

NOTEThe Standby Frequency which is in memory while FlightTime or Elapsed Time modes are being displayed may becalled back by pushing the FRQ button, then transferred toactive by pushing the FRQ button again.

TO OPERATE ELAPSED TIME TIMER COUNT DOWNMODE:

1. OFF/VOL Control - ON2. FLT/ET Mode Button - PRESS (once or twice) until ET is

annunciated.3. SET/RST Button - PRESS until the ET annunciation begins to

flash.4. FREQUENCY SELECTOR KNOBS - SET desired time in the

elapsed time display. The small knob is pulled out to tune the 1's.The small knob is pushed in to tune the 10's. The outer knobtunes minutes up to 59 minutes.

NOTESelector knobs remain in the time set mode for 15 secondsafter the last entry or until the SET/RST, FLT/ET or FRQbutton is pressed.




U.S.FAA APPROVED


TO OPERATE ELAPSED TIME TIMER COUNT DOWNMODE: (Continued)

5. SET/RST Button - PRESS to start countdown. When the timerreaches 0, it will start to count up as display flashes for 15seconds.

NOTEWhile FLT or ET are displayed, the active frequency on theleft side of the window may be changed, by using thefrequency selector knobs, without any effect on the storedstandby frequency or the other modes.

ADF OPERATION NOTES:

ERRONEOUS ADF BEARING DUE TO RADIO FREQUENCYPHENOMENA:

In the U.S., the FCC, which assigns AM radio frequencies, occasionallywill assign the same frequency to more than one station in an area.Certain conditions, such as Night Effect, may cause signals from suchstations to overlap. This should be taken into consideration when usingAM broadcast stations for navigation.

Sunspots and atmospheric phenomena may occasionally distortreception so that signals from two stations on the same frequency willoverlap. For this reason, it is always wise to make positive identificationof the station being tuned, by switching the function selector to ANTand listening for station call letters.

In the vicinity of electrical storms, an ADF indicator pointer tends toswing from the station tuned toward the center of the storm.




GFC 700 AFCS

U.S.FAA APPROVED


ADF OPERATION NOTES: (Continued)

NIGHT EFFECT:

This is a disturbance particularly strong just after sunset and just afterdawn. An ADF indicator pointer may swing erratically at these times. Ifpossible, tune to the most powerful station at the lowest frequency. Ifthis is not possible, take the average of pointer oscillations to determinestation bearing.

MOUNTAIN EFFECT:

Radio waves reflecting from the surface of mountains may cause thepointer to fluctuate or show an erroneous bearing. This should be takeninto account when taking bearings over mountainous terrain.

COASTAL REFRACTION:

Radio waves may be refracted when passing from land to sea or whenmoving parallel to the coastline. This also should be taken into account.

PERFORMANCEThere is no change in airplane performance when the Bendix/King KR87 Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) is installed. However, theinstallation of an externally mounted antenna or related externalantennas, will result in a minor reduction in cruise performance.


U.S.


SUPPLEMENT 5JAR-OPS OPERATIONAL ELIGIBILITY

This supplement must be inserted into Section 9 of the Pilot'sOperating Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual forJAR-OPS Operational Eligibility.

SERIAL NO.

REGISTRATION NO.

T182TPHBUS-S5-00



S5-1

16 NOVEMBER 2006


GFC 700 AFCS

SUPPLEMENT 5

JAR-OPS OPERATIONAL ELIGIBILITYUse the Log of Effective Pages to determine the current status of thissupplement.




PageNumber

PageStatus

RevisionNumber

S5-1 thru S5-5/S5-6 Original 0

U.S.FAA APPROVED







U.S.FAA APPROVEDT182TPHBUS-S5-00 S5-3


GFC 700 AFCS

JAR-OPS OPERATIONAL ELIGIBILITY

GENERAL

OPERATIONAL ELIGIBILITY

The JAA TGLs noted below specify that Operational Eligibilityinformation be included in the airplane POH/AFM or POH/AFMSupplement for convenience in the JAR-OPS approval process. ThisSupplement provides a consistent location for the requestedinformation. This information does not address the operation of theairplane or equipment by the pilot.

NAVIGATION OPERATIONAL ELIGIBILITY

The GPS/GNSS receivers in the G1000 System are certified to TSOC129a Class A1 and ETSO C129a Class A1 or TSO C145a and ETSO2C145a.

The installed performance of the G1000 System has been tested andapproved for IFR enroute, terminal and non-precision (RNAV or GPS)approach operations per AC 20-138A when using GPS/GNSS with thecorrect navigation database.

The G1000 System meets the requirements for GPS/GNSS as aPrimary Means of Navigation for Oceanic/Remote Operations (RNP-10) per AC 20-138A, FAA Notice N8110.60, FAA Order 8400-12A andFAA Order 8700-1. Both GPS/GNSS receivers are required to beoperating and receiving usable signals except for routes requiring onlyone Long Range Navigation sensor.

The G1000 System has been shown to be eligible for BRNAV (RNP-5)and PRNAV (RNP-1) Enroute and Terminal navigation per JAA TGL-2(ACJ20X4), JAA TGL-10 and AC 90-96A provided that the G1000 isreceiving usable navigation information from at least one GPS receiver.Eligibility does not constitute Operational Approval.


U.S.FAA APPROVED



GENERAL (Continued)

SSR MODE S ENHANCED SURVEILLANCEOPERATIONAL ELIGIBILITY

The GTX 33 Transponder is certified to TSO C112a and ETSO 2C112a.The installed performance of the GTX 33 has been tested andapproved per AC 20-131A, Draft AC-131B and AC 23-8B.

The GTX 33 is able to respond to interrogations in Modes A, C and isfully compliant with the requirements of Mode S ElementarySurveillance per TGL 13 Rev 1 and Draft TGL 13 Rev 2. ExtendedSquitter functionality is supported by the GTX 33. This does notconstitute airworthiness or operational approval for Extended Squitterfunctionality.

OPERATING LIMITATIONSThere is no change to the airplane operating limitations for JAR-OPSOperational Eligibility. JAR-OPS may require separate airspaceoperating limitations.

EMERGENCY PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane emergency procedures for JAR-OPS Operational Eligibility.

NORMAL PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane normal procedures for JAR-OPSOperational Eligibility.

PERFORMANCEThere is no change to the airplane performance for JAR-OPSOperational Eligibility.

U.S.FAA APPROVEDT182TPHBUS-S5-00 S5-5/S5-6

U.S.


SUPPLEMENT 6CANADIAN CERTIFIED AIRPLANES

This supplement must be inserted into Section 9 of the Pilot'sOperating Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual forCanadian Certified Airplanes.

SERIAL NO.

REGISTRATION NO.

T182TPHBUS-S6-00



S6-1

6 FEBRUARY 2007


GFC 700 AFCS

SUPPLEMENT 7

CANADIAN CERTIFIED AIRPLANESUse the Log of Effective Pages to determine the current status of thissupplement.



Supplement Status DateOriginal Issue 6 February 2007

PageNumber

PageStatus

RevisionNumber


U.S.FAA APPROVED



GFC 700 AFCS

CANADIAN CERTIFIED AIRPLANES

GENERALThis supplement is required for Canadian operation of Cessna ModelT182T airplanes equipped with the Nav III GFC 700 AFCS avionicsoption.

NOTEIn Canada, FAA operating rules (i.e., 14 CFR Part 91 and14 CFR Part 135) are not applicable. The airplane must beequipped and operated in accordance with TransportCanada.

The Artex ME406 Emergency Locator Transmitter installation is notapproved for Canadian Certified Airplanes.

OPERATING LIMITATIONSThere is no change to the airplane operating limitations for CanadianCertified Airplanes.

EMERGENCY PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane emergency procedures forCanadian Certified Airplanes.

U.S.FAA APPROVED



NORMAL PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane normal procedures for CanadianCertified Airplanes.

PERFORMANCEThere is no change to the airplane performance for Canadian CertifiedAirplanes.


U.S.


SUPPLEMENT 7

BRAZILIAN CERTIFIED AIRPLANES

This supplement must be inserted into Section 9 of the Pilot's Operating Handbookand FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual when used for Brazilian CertifiedAirplanes and is approved by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) onbehalf of the “Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil” (ANAC) for Brazilian RegisteredAirplanes, in accordance with the “Regulamento Brasileiro de HomologaçãoAeronáutica” (RBHA) Part 21, Section 21.29.

SERIAL NO.

REGISTRATION NO.

T182TPHBUS-S7-00



S7-1

20 JUNE 2007


GFC 700 AFCS

SUPPLEMENT 7

BRAZILIAN CERTIFIED AIRPLANES




Supplement Status DateOriginal Issue 20 June 2007

PageNumber

PageStatus

RevisionNumber


U.S.FAA APPROVED



GFC 700 AFCS

GENERALThis supplement is required for Brazilian operation of Cessna ModelT182T airplanes equipped with the Nav III GFC 700 AFCS avionicsoption.

OPERATING LIMITATIONSThere is no change to the airplane operating limitations when used forBrazilian Certified Airplanes.

EMERGENCY PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane emergency procedures when usedfor Brazilian Certified Airplanes.

NORMAL PROCEDURESThere is no change to the airplane normal procedures when used forBrazilian Certified Airplanes.

PERFORMANCEThere is no change to the airplane performance when used forBrazilian Certified Airplanes.

U.S.FAA APPROVED



LOG OF ANAC APPROVED SUPPLEMENTSThe following list contains ANAC accepted supplements. Refer to Logof Approved Supplements in the basic Pilot's Operating Handbook andFAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual for revision status.

SupplementNumber

Name EquipmentInstalled

1 Artex ME406 Emergency LocatorTransmitter (ELT) _____________

2 Artex C406-N Emergency LocatorTransmitter (ELT) _____________

3 L3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope _____________4 Bendix/King KR 87 Automatic Direction

Finder (ADF) _____________5 Reserved _____________6 Reserved _____________7 Brazilian Certified Airplanes _____________


cessna 182 t182t 2007 naviii g1000+gfc700 poh pim fromcessna

Documents