cgiar unpacking green growth
DESCRIPTION
Keynote presentation at the International High Level Dialogue on Bridging Land- and Water Management for enabling agribusiness development and Green Economic Growth24 April 2012 – Wageningen – the NetherlandsTRANSCRIPT
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Green growth: the need for unpacking the concept
Alain Vidal, CPWF DirectorInternational High Level Dialogue:
Bridging Land- and Water Management for enabling agribusiness development and Green Economic Growth24 April 2012 – Wageningen – the Netherlands
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Unpacking…
From river basin management to river basin developmentBasis – the key role of ecosystem servicesBoost – the potential for local innovation platformsBalance – the need for sharing the benefits
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Niger
Water, food and poverty analyzed in 10 basins
1.5 billion people50% of the poorest < 1€/j
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0.00E+00 2.00E-05 4.00E-05 6.00E-05 8.00E-05 1.00E-040
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
BangladeshBoliviaBrazilBurkina FasoChinaColombiaEgypt, Arab Rep.EthiopiaIndiaThailandVietnamWorld
Water availability (km3/cap)
GNI (
$US/
cap)
Poverty: Is it the resources scarcity?
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-1.00E-06 2.12E-22 1.00E-06 2.00E-06 3.00E-06 4.00E-06 5.00E-060
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
BangladeshBoliviaBrazilBurkina FasoChinaColombiaEgypt, Arab Rep.EthiopiaIndiaThailandVietnamWorld
Water availability (km3/cap)
GNI (
$US/
cap)
…even in very dry areas ?
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But water productivity remains very low over most areas
WP (estimated potential)
VoltaLimpopo
Nile
Niger
IGB
YR
Mekong
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0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,5000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Burkina Faso
Bangladesh
Bolivia
Brazil
India
Ethiopia
Per capita GNI (US$)
Cont
ributi
on o
f agr
icultu
re to
GDP
gro
wth
(%)
Ethiopia and Burkina Faso in agricul-tural phase of development
India and Bangladesh transitioning to higher value activi-ties
Bolivia emerging slowly after decades of low growth
Brazil strong growth in the 60’s and in recent years to emerge as an industrial economy
General di-rection
From river basin management to river basin development
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Gross National Income
Agriculture contribution to GDP (%)
Most African basins here
Changing economies
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Gross National Income
Agriculture contribution to GDP (%) ....Problems...
Vulnerability
Population
pressure
Industrial &
Urban
demands
Power
differences
Threats to
sustainability
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Gross National Income
Agriculture contribution to GDP (%) ... Solutions
Basic support
& Protection
Productivity
increaseBuilding
resilience
Basics need
Meeting urgent demand growth Emerging need
for sustainability
Increasing Role forInstitutions
Providing basicsProtecting existing
supportInvest in agricultural
basics
Big invest in agric.Resource-sharing &
protectionDeveloping pathways out
of farming
Benefit-sharing (trading)
Demand managementSupply-chain management
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Basis The key role of ecosystem services
River basins provide a diversity of ecosystem services Provisioning, cultural, regulatory, supporting
Most of these are understood individually, to a degreeAs they develop, societies exploit these ES Appropriate, invest, exchange, ruin…
…development is influenced by ESs …development modifies ESs
This represents opportunities and risks
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Mekong: Hydropower and livelihoods40 million people in the Mekong depend on fisheries for at least part of the year Yet the entire region is looking to hydropower as Laos
Techniques, land and water uses exist that can increase benefits available to riparian communities and to dam builders
Fish-rice systemsArtificial wetlands
From Stone, 2011
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Boost The potential for local innovation platforms
Established around local specific production and marketing systems, ideally merged into larger commercialization networksPromote technologies improving production at household level, making products more marketable Implement strategies improving market efficiency and reduce transaction costs along the value chain Allow more money to flow to the producer an incentive for improved farming practices
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Limpopo: Rainwater management, innovation platforms and value chains
Strengthen agricultural value chains where market-related failures contribute to povertyGreater alignment of production with market requirementsAppropriate technologies must fit existing livelihood systems and include socially acceptable incentives
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Balance : The need for sharing the benefits
Move beyond sharing waters Consider socially and economically most beneficial land and water usesSuccessful experiences in the Andes(trust funds), financing ecosystems restoration and livelihoodsimprovement
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Unpacking green growth?A few guiding messages
Basis: Despite challenges in many river basins, overall the planet has enough water (and land?) to meet the full range of people’s and ecosystems’ needs for the foreseeable future, but equity will only be achieved through judicious and creative managementBoost and Balance: Wise use of our L&W resources for strengthening (rural) livelihoods and ecosystem services requires simultaneously using them more productively and sharing L&W and their benefits more equitablyInstitutions: Higher L&W productivity and greater social equity can be obtained only through a radical in change of policies and institutional arrangements in both developed and developing nations