Ch 1 - Learn About ChildrenChild Growth and Development

Why Study Children?To Understand Yourself To Be a Responsible

Parent

To Protect Children’s Rights To Work with Children

To Understand Yourself How did your upbringing affect you?

http://www.oprah.com/relationships/18-Habits-from-Childhood-That-Affect-Our-Relationships-Now

To Be a Responsible Parent Provide for a child’s:

Physical Needs

Intellectual Needs

Social Needs

Trust Needs

Love and Discipline Needs

Responsible Parent Activity Break up into five groups Each group will be assigned a different

need they will have to provide for a child

The group will need to come up with five different ways they can provide for this need. Include things that can be done with the

child, places the child can be taken, things that can be said to the child, etc.

To Protect Children’s Rights

An identity A family Express themselves

and have access to information

A safe and healthy life Special protection in

times of war An education

Special care for the disabled

Protection from discrimination

Protection from abuse Protection from harmful

work Special treatment if

arrested

The Rights of Children were written by the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

They include 11 major categories:

Protecting Children’s Rights Flyer

Create a flyer on one of the 11 categories of protecting children’s rights. Include:

Some type of title or slogan illustrating what right is being protected

Why that right should be protected What can be done to protect that right

To Work With Children What are some examples of jobs that

work with children? Why would you need to study children

to work in the child care field?

What is Child Development? Development is the gradual process

through which babies become adults Child development is the scientific

study of children from conception to adolescence

Factors that Influence Growth and Development Heredity includes traits passed to a

child from blood relatives

Environment includes physical conditions and relationships with others that have shaped experiences in our lives

Heredity or Environment?

Heredity Both Environment

Heredity and Environment Combined Examples:

“Genes control how quickly a baby’s muscles grow (heredity), but a proper diet is needed for the baby to grow (environment). However, a better diet doesn’t make bones and muscles bigger than heredity allows.”

–Child Development pg. 30

How Brain Development Occurs in Children Neurons are brain cells that direct various

tasks of the brain (like messages that tell the body what to do)

Axons are cables that transmit signals from a neuron to other neurons

Dendrites are cables that allow each neuron to receive signals sent by other neurons

Synapse is a gap between neurons across which electrical impulses can be transmitted

The Neuron

Effects of Heredity and Environment on Brain Development

Heredity and environment work together to develop the brain

Rich sensory experiences enhance brain development create new dendrites

Pruning is the process in which the brain weeds out unused pathways

Windows of Opportunity A specific time in which stimulation

should occur in the brain for peak capacity to learn (to learn as much as possible).

Some are shorter; some are longer. Windows of opportunity for different

tasks often overlap

Think – Pair – Share Why is it important to know when a

child’s window of opportunity is?

Get out a piece of paper and answer the above question.

Partner up with a neighbor and discuss each of your answers.

Be prepared to share your answer with the class.

Differences in the Rate of Growth and Development Children do NOT advance in all areas at

the same rate

Developmental acceleration- when a child performs like and older child

Developmental delay- when a child performs like a younger child

Principals of Growth and Development Key principles

Constant Gradual and Continuous Happen in Sequenced Steps Happen at Different Rates Are Interrelated

Theories of Growth and Development Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) Jean Piaget (1896–1980) Lev Vygotsky (1896–1934) Erik Erikson (1902–1994) B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) Abraham Maslow (1908–1970) Urie Bronfenbrenner (1917-2005) Albert Bandura (before 1925)

Theories of Growth and Development Developmental Theorist Worksheet

Use page 15 in your textbook

Maslow’s Theory of Human Needs Development is a result of meeting

personal needs People work to fulfill basic needs and

higher-level needs Lower-level needs must be met before

higher-level needs can be pursued

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs

Our own Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Think of personal examples from each

“Need” that you already have or would like to have in the future to write on our Class Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Why Observe Children? Observation is the oldest, most

common, and best way to learn about human behavior

We can see good ways and bad ways to work with children by modeling observed adults who work with children

Observation skills are learned by observing children

Observing Children Subjective observation – to rely on personal opinions

and feelings, rather than facts, to judge an event Subjective observations often use assumptions, or

what is thought to be, instead of what is. Example: Ethan is feeling selfish. He won’t let anyone else

play with the toys in the sandbox.

Objective observation – recording an exact account of what is seen and heard without including personal feelings or prejudices Example: Ethan is sitting in the sandbox. Cody enters the

sandbox and attempts to play with Ethan. Ethan takes the toy truck away from Cody when he tries to play with it and says, “That’s my toy.”

Types of Observations Records Running Record – a record of everything

observed for a set period of time

Anecdotal Record – a report of a child’s actions that concentrates on specific behavior or area of development

Frequency Count – a tally of how often a certain behavior occurs

Developmental Checklist – a checklist of skills children should master, or behaviors they should exhibit at a certain age

Guidelines for Observing Know your objectives Obtain permission to observe Know what to do at the site – make your

observation meaningful Ask questions at convenient times Do not distract children from activities Observe carefully and objectively Record accurately Protect the rights of all observed

Super Nanny http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVVYrf_AgcM