ch -1 nature and scope of management

8/3/2019 Ch -1 Nature and Scope of Management

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NATURE & SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT


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Management

Organization

Two or more people who work together in a structured way to

achieve a specific goal or set of goals.

GoalsPurpose that an organization strives to achieve; organizations

often have more than one goals, goals are fundamental

elements of organization.

The Role of Management

To guide the organizations towards goal accomplishment


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- People responsible for

directing the efforts aimed

at helping organizations

achieve their goals.

- A person who plans,organizes, directs and

controls the allocation of

human, material, financial,

and information resources

in pursuit of the

organizations goals.


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WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?

Management is the art of getting thingsdone through people.

-Mary Parker Follett

Management is a distinct processconsisting of planning, organizing,

actuating, and controlling performance to

determine and accomplish the objectivesby the use of people and resources.

- George R Terry

At its most basic, management may be viewed as MAKING THINGS

HAPPEN. 4


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Taking place within a

structuredorganizational settingand with prescribed roles

Directed towards the

attainment of aims andobjectives

Achieved through theefforts of other people

Using systems andprocedures

Features ofManagement

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NATURE OF MANAGEMENT

Managementas politics

Managementas a science

Managementas a magic

Managementas an art

Successfulmanagers are thoseborn withappropriate intuition,

and intelligence andpersonality whichthey developthrough the practiceof leadership

Successfulmanagers are thosewho recognize thatnobody really knowswhat is going onand who persuadeothers of their own

powers by calling upthe appropriategods and byengaging inexpected rituals

Successful managersare those who canwork out theunwritten laws of lifein the organizational

jungle and are able to

play the game so thatthey win.

Successful managersare those who havelearned theappropriate body ofknowledge and havedeveloped ability to

apply acquired skillsand techniques

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FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Planning

Defining goals, establishing strategies to achievegoals, developing plans to integrate andcoordinate activities.

Organizing

Arranging and structuring work to accomplishorganizational goals.

Leading

Working with and through people to accomplish

goals.

Controlling

Monitoring, comparing, and correcting work.

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Management Process and Goal Attainment


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PLANNING

Defining goals, establishing strategy, anddeveloping sub- plans to co-ordinate activities.

ORGANISING

Determining what needs to bedone, how it will be done and whois to do it.

LEADING

Leading and motivating all involved partiesand resolving conflicts.

CONTROLLING

Monitoring the activities to ensure thatthey are accomplished as planned.

Leadsto

Achieving the organization's

stated purpose 9


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Planning involves

tasks that must be

performed to attain

organizational goals,outlining how the tasks

must be performed, and

indicating when theyshould be performed.


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Planning

Determining organizational goals and

means to reach them

Managers plan for three reasons

1. Establish an overall direction for the

organizations future

2. Identify and commit resources to achieving

goals

3. Decide which tasks must be done to reach

those goals


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Organizing means assigning the planned tasks to variousindividuals or groups within the organization and cresting a

mechanism to put plans into action.


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Organizing

Process of deciding where decisions will be made, who

will perform what jobs and tasks, and who will report

to whom in the company

Includes creating departments and job descriptions:


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Leading (Influencing) means guiding the activities of the

organization members in appropriate directions. Objective is to

improve productivity.

Getting others to perform the necessary tasks by motivating

them to achieve the organizations goals


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1. Gather information that measures recent performance2. Compare present performance to pre-established standards

3. Determine modifications to meet pre-established standards


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TEN NEW PRINCIPLES FOR EFFECTIVE

MANAGEMENT

1. Manage information through people

2. Change is a constant, and must be managed

3. Technology is the future

4. Relationships matter

5. Investment in training and development is important

6. Measure only against the best

7. The market is global8. Unity of direction is important

9. Equity is expected

10. Initiative is important16

ch -1 nature and scope of management

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