ch 11 diet and health
TRANSCRIPT
Degenerative Disease
chronic
mostly irreversible
characterized by degeneration of the organs
• food choices• smoking• physical activity• alcohol use
many contributing factors
Correlation and Causation
• A correlation between a risk factor and a disease does not mean the risk factor causes the disease
Correlation = association
• An act or agent which results in an effect
Causation = produces an effect
Correlation does NOT equal Causation
Damage to artery wall
• Smoking• Aging• Hyperlipidemia
Fatty streak
• Body responds• Inflammation • LDL oxidation
Plaque• Smooth muscle• macrophages• Lipoproteins
Atherosclerosis
Modifiable CAD Risk FactorsIn
crea
sing
wei
ght Obesity
Toba
cco Smoking
Hig
h bl
ood
pres
sure Hypertension
Abno
rmal
blo
od li
pids dyslipidemia
Insu
lin re
sist
ance Diabetes
Lack
of e
xerc
ise Physical
inactivity
Atherogenic Diet: modifiable risk factor
High in saturated fat
High in trans fat
High in cholesterol
Low in fruits
Low in vegetables
Low in whole grains
Hypertension: High Blood Pressure
Heart pumping blood
Size of the arteries
Volume of fluid in vessels
Lower Blood PressureLower sodium intake
Lose weight
Alcohol in moderation
Increase intake of fresh fruit and vegetables
Reduce intake of fat
Increase calcium, potassium and magnesium
Increase physical activity
Exposed to carcinogens daily
Not all carcinogens cause damage
Anti-oxidants quench free radicals
Body can repair cell damage
Damage not repaired -> cell self-destructs
Reduce Cancer
Risk
fruits & veggies
Whole grains
Low in calories
Healthy weight
physical activity
low in sat fat (?)
Limit red meats
Limit processed
meats
Limit alcohol intake
Avoid tobacco
BBQ Browning reaction
Heterocyclic amines Carcinogenic
Meat drippings
Carcinogens (smoke)
Stick to the meat
Image from Wikipedia