ch 15 excretory sys overview
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 15The Urinary System
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Functions of the Urinary SystemFunctions of the Urinary System1. Elimination of waste
Nitrogenous wastes
Toxins
Drugs
2. Regulates homeostasis
Water balance
Electrolytes
Acid-base balance in the blood
Blood pressure
RBC production
Activation of vit. D
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Organs of the Urinary systemOrgans of the Urinary system
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra
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Location of the KidneysLocation of the Kidneys
Against dorsal wall
Right lower than left
Attached to ureters, renal blood vessels, & nerves at renal hilus
Atop kidney is adrenal gland
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Regions of the KidneyRegions of the Kidney
Renal cortex – outer region
Renal medulla – inside the cortex
Renal pelvis – inner collecting tube
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NephronsNephrons Structural and
functional units of the kidneys
Forms urine
Main structures
a. Glomerulus
b. Renal tubule
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GlomerulusGlomerulus
Glomerulus sits within a glomerular capsule (1st part of the renal tubule)
Specialized capillary bed
Arterioles on both sides (maintains high pressure)
- Large afferent arteriole
- Narrow efferent arteriole
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Renal TubuleRenal Tubule Glomerular
(Bowman’s) capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
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Urine FormationUrine Formation
Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
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FiltrationFiltration Nonselective passive process
Water and solutes smaller than proteins are forced through capillary walls (Filtrate same as blood plasma)
Blood cells cannot pass out to the capillaries
Filtrate - collected in glomerular capsule and leaves via the renal tubule
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ReabsorptionReabsorption Peritubular capillaries reabsorb
- Some water, Glucose, Amino acids, Ions
Some passive, most active
Most reabsorption occurs in proximal tubule
Nitrogenous waste products
- Urea
- Uric acid
- Creatinine
Excess water
Not ReabsorbedNot Reabsorbed
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Secretion Secretion
Materials left in renal tubule move to ureter
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