Ch. 5, Sec. 2—Building Ch. 5, Sec. 2—Building Colonial UnityColonial Unity

ObjectivesObjectivesKnow why colonists and British Know why colonists and British soldiers clashed, resulting in the soldiers clashed, resulting in the Boston Massacre.Boston Massacre.

Be familiar with how the British Be familiar with how the British government tried to maintain its control government tried to maintain its control over the colonies.over the colonies.

Trouble in BostonTrouble in Boston 1768—Custom officers sent word back to Britain 1768—Custom officers sent word back to Britain

that colonists were on brink of __________.that colonists were on brink of __________. Parliament responded by sending 2 regiments of Parliament responded by sending 2 regiments of

troops to Boston.troops to Boston. New “redcoats” (Bloodybacks & lobsters) set up New “redcoats” (Bloodybacks & lobsters) set up

camp in middle of city.camp in middle of city. Many soldiers were rude and violent toward Many soldiers were rude and violent toward

colonists.colonists. Fighting often took place between soldiers and Fighting often took place between soldiers and

________.________. Colonists’ hatred for soldiers grew stronger Colonists’ hatred for soldiers grew stronger

every day. every day.

Boston MassacreBoston Massacre March 5, 1770March 5, 1770—tension reached its peak.—tension reached its peak. Fight broke out earlier in day between Fight broke out earlier in day between

townspeople and soldiers.townspeople and soldiers.• Some soldiers tried to calm the crowd.Some soldiers tried to calm the crowd.

Angry townspeople picked up _________ and Angry townspeople picked up _________ and marched through streets toward customhouse.marched through streets toward customhouse.

Crowd approached, sentry on duty panicked and Crowd approached, sentry on duty panicked and called for help.called for help.

• Crowd responded by throwing stones, snowballs, oyster Crowd responded by throwing stones, snowballs, oyster shells, and pieces of wood at soldiers.shells, and pieces of wood at soldiers.

One soldier knocked down & nervous redcoats One soldier knocked down & nervous redcoats fired into crowd, killing _____ colonists.fired into crowd, killing _____ colonists.

Dead ColonistsDead Colonists

Among those killed in the Boston Massacre was Crispus Attucks.

Generally believed to be a runaway slave, he is featured prominently in several of the

engravings of the Massacre, and is considered in legend to be the

first casualty in the American Revolution. He was a

dockworker who was part African, part Native American.

Also killed was Samuel Gray, Samuel Maverick, James

Caldwell, and Patrick Carr.

Crispus Attucks

The Word SpreadsThe Word Spreads Colonial leaders, like Samuel Adams, used killings as Colonial leaders, like Samuel Adams, used killings as

__________.__________.• (Information designed to influence opinion)(Information designed to influence opinion)

Adams put up posters describing “Massacre” as slaughter Adams put up posters describing “Massacre” as slaughter of innocent Americans by “bloodthirsty Redcoats.”of innocent Americans by “bloodthirsty Redcoats.”

__________ engraving showed British officer giving order __________ engraving showed British officer giving order to open fire.to open fire.

““Massacre” led colonists to call for stronger boycotts of Massacre” led colonists to call for stronger boycotts of British goods. (British goods. (PropagandaPropaganda))

Some colonial leaders called for resistance to British rule.Some colonial leaders called for resistance to British rule. 1772—Sam Adams revived the committee of 1772—Sam Adams revived the committee of

_______________ in Boston to circulate colonists’ _______________ in Boston to circulate colonists’ complaints against Britain.complaints against Britain.

Parliament repealed Townshend Acts, except tax on tea.Parliament repealed Townshend Acts, except tax on tea.

The colonist version The British version

The engraving on the left, created by Paul Revere, demonstrates the colonial view of the massacre, with the British appearing to be the

aggressors. The painting on the right, done by a British artist, shows the colonists armed and the British soldiers more in a defensive

posture.

Crisis over TeaCrisis over Tea Parliament passed the ________ of 1773 to save the Parliament passed the ________ of 1773 to save the

British East India Company from going under.British East India Company from going under. • Gave the Company right to ship tea to colonies w/o paying Gave the Company right to ship tea to colonies w/o paying

most of taxes placed on tea.most of taxes placed on tea.• Also allowed company to sell tea directly to shopkeepers at Also allowed company to sell tea directly to shopkeepers at

extremely low prices.extremely low prices.

Colonists again boycotted British goods, denouncing a Colonists again boycotted British goods, denouncing a British monopoly.British monopoly.

• Felt this was another way to crush colonists’ liberty.Felt this was another way to crush colonists’ liberty.• Colonists vowed to stop Company’s ships from unloading.Colonists vowed to stop Company’s ships from unloading.

Parliament ignored warnings.Parliament ignored warnings. Ships sent to New York and Philadelphia were __________.Ships sent to New York and Philadelphia were __________. Ships sent to Charles Town were seized & stored in a warehouse.Ships sent to Charles Town were seized & stored in a warehouse.

Boston Tea PartyBoston Tea Party 3 ships arrived in Boston Harbor in December 3 ships arrived in Boston Harbor in December

1773, refusing to turn back.1773, refusing to turn back. Royal governor ordered ships to be unloadedRoyal governor ordered ships to be unloaded

50 members of the Sons of Liberty, led by Samuel Adams, dressed up like

Mohawk Indians and boarded the ships,

removing 342 chests of tea and throwing it overboard into the Harbor. More than

10,000 pounds sterling worth ($800,000) of tea

was destroyed.

Intolerable ActsIntolerable Acts Passed in response to

the Boston Tea Party by Parliament in 1774.

Officially called the “_____________”, but they were nicknamed the “Intolerable Acts” in the colonies.

Coercive Acts closed Boston Harbor.

They were designed to punish the colony of ____________ until the tea destroyed in the Boston Tea Party was paid for.