Ch. 7, Sect. 4Jackson, States’ Rights,

and the National Bank

“Tariff of Abominations of 1828”

• 1824, another protective tariff, raised from 23%-37%.

• WHY DOES THE SOUTH OPPOSE TARIFFS?

Higher Tariffs Fewer Imports from Britain

Britain makes less $

Britain buying less cotton from South

“Tariff of Abominations of 1828”

• Tariff seen as an encroachment on states’ rights, esp. in South Carolina

• Calhoun’s “South Carolina Exposition” calls for nullification, which also implied power of a state to secede from the Union

Growing Sectionalism• Calhoun leaves Vice-Pres. & becomes

defender of sectionalism, embittered against Jackson & nationalism

• Webster-Hayne debates

outlines future split

b/w North & South,

b/w Secessionists

& Unionists

• South Carolina declares Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 “null”- threatens to secede

South Carolina Rebels• 1832 Tarriff increases the tariff amount• SC Declared the increase Null and Void• SC Threaten to secede• Jackson was furious• Force Bill (1833)- Pres. Jackson authorized to

use military to enforce the Tariff • Henry Clay

– The Great Compromiser– The compromise is to gradually reduce the tariff over

several years– War was avoided, well at least for a few years

How would you evaluate Andrew Jackson’s presidency?

• GOOD:

• BAD:

• “UGLY:”

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henryharrison_campaignposter.jpg

WilliamHenry

Harrison

Whig Party Candidate

1840

Jackson’s Legacy

• VP Martin van Buren becomes President– Won election with Jackson's support– Bank Problems

• Wildcat banks• Panic of 1837

• William Henry Harrison– Whig Party– Defeated van Buren

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The Whigs and the Democrats:Two-Party System Re-emerges, pp. 218-219

Election of 1840Van Buren (Dem) vs. Harrison

(Whigs) Whigs steal Jackson’s political strategy:

Run an old war hero as a “man of the people”= William Henry Harrison,

Gov. of Indiana and “Hero” of Tippecanoe

IRONY= Harrison was the aristocrat, Van Buren had grown up in

poverty.

Harrison wins, then dies after 4 weeks in office.