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907

CH nArpc)(JlC TpoundXVIlTWV AllJvcv (cppaYlJilTwv)

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I Carder D Sflsmic Inv$ l hta t ions In the Boulder Dam ArfA tJUO-HI H lUld the ill ll uelu c or Rfigtcn olr lOa d ln g (1) 1o( 1 E a rlhq ua lte AcivHy Ou l Selllll middotu( Ant 3amp 17 j-1 9l t HI4e )

2 RIIhu C Elemcntary Sdsmology FrCP lTlan CO t San Frunchco ( 1 UfgtM)

3 OOIlU1 D Gl r hYWi Cal intUIIJ~tlons at Lak e l~art l)a dnterT Symp uber r ~ [lI P rt1 knLHt lnIJlw~~ungtnt Uerlln IVGt

~ Berg E Trilij(l rhll of ttl euro Itl k(ln Earthqtl3k r or Murch ~LII 1164 and m Ljor arttJ1illoClu by luw OCt(lfi tlll ( loa ds Ulldated reporl to A i r FOret oRl el or iCHl t Rc~ (t lfi d)

5 Jaeger J and L ttltd ~ ~midty Of Soo lh~at t Australia Am Geoph Unbull Monograph 13 pp JIo 5-14 7 (I fiG) )

6 Gaianorotoa L n)~ IntJu cl1ee lf the FluClunU uD Or Mara ll tCl- n Lake I~Wl l ln OIL Local 1~ (jj t11quakc Allh ily III lh~ AUk Basin Alea Alili (fOI c1 eti P1H6 H t lmiddot 18 28 1-306 (USS)

1 Coloi P L((lfi1o del VaJont nci suol AspeUl GeodynamiC Ann dl GeMbull I ~ t (1 966 )

8 Evans D Man~ lT1ade earlhquakes In D envcr IG tlVUmeso 10 pp11-18 (1960)

9 Conminaltil P D rtdroPGIIJa J ilfoumoulidu G mld D Pdt-shywdl() Fortshock ltIu d nfter1lhoc k sequences or lbe CrtJUJJla

earlhqut lt anll t1eir rtla tlOn 10 thc water loadIng or the Cnshymasta artific ial la ke Ann dl Gror 21 39~71 (1968)

to Guha S Ram G and G Rao TrIgger Cau$I In Eart h JfQvampshymenls Pu bl Dur G(lnt Sci sm IIlI~ iiI Tra SCi 9 ts3~ (1 956)

II Me Gl lIlis L F middotlrl hquakcs and CmsLa I ~[o cment AS lteJalc4 t o water LI)a i ll th e )J isslllil)Pi Valley nq~iu n llIinolJJ SL GI() I Survey rUu13 ( 19 G3)

12 Mo luulwa T Study o EartllQULIi~s ltTokyo U no S holto ( t 064 )

13 EuaJl$ D Th~ I lrnl1 arC(l ea rth(IUak CI and t h Rod )l o UR-lt lain Arsenal ltlj~poslll well Thf Mount ai n G~ ()i OShil a - fU (1966)

14 RolM J EarthquaJolti ~nd re crvor loadings Proc 4th orl(J Couf on Earth En lr Chile (1969)

15 fjnIf]7noTl P StlLd lrfI ill largePlast c Flow IUI limiddotr4l I Llr~ ~j t Gruw Hili Jook Co (19~2)

912

Reservoir Loading and Local Seismicity Iy J Drakopouloamiddot

Summary

R ecent earthquake activities atlributed to artificial unmiddot balance of na tural fOlC(S in various loca lities havo rrvived intmr~t ill inv(sligatiorr for a correlation between the seishysmicity of a Cfrtain regio n and tho ratc or change of water loading in a dam (If the region Seismic activity and resershyvoir loading in some areas support the ca s r~ No signifka nt

jn(rease or seismic activity was observed in some other darns

Th e explanation of the whole phenomenon it seems to be complex lnd in this paper arc included some interesting points flom the international Iit()rature and the opinion of the au th or lor a beller understanding of this prohable cort liation

bull Degrep in Pbyslet (nd B Irtl ronrJi Un i v~l y or At h~II D ocwr Fore and After~ho c li s Mlcrotremors and )flcroearthqlake~ Co~

degref in Iilmolog) ( 1Hll ) Chler Ol ~sl ii -alll In S eiilil La i) ll ralory o r Manlgur of the lr()j~L (If UNE~ 0 ~ur ey or the SciMnl cHy in tbe Ath ens Ull hrrsil ) 1 169~ J1l In Ail Hlc e Cnurtt o r t mNll ali ullal Inshy BalKan region bull Mlmbfr In l nlpoundrn ational AssociatlonH Parllclpant S tl tUtl~ of seil lll otofff HIII E alth ilu a k~ En~III~rl rll ReStlre work In SOlfle Interna tion al COnrerell~ In SeismiCity lUsl liI l St rut ture of Ule Eart h Ioc al Mechanlsm

908

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Kai tipa Enft)Oe nopcqtOpcpoocnlt toO ltpOlO) EOVE1[l~ a[ )LEshy

fP~OW xoopocrlUell~Ocwv i amc Sa 1tflimEI vei S ~ O YOOVtOI crooTll)lCLUKOO Eic lm6 Kata~wtlv Qlpa7IlCllo

23 CIgtp(iy~a Royna Iti)V (VOlG)V

~AAA 1 xapatClllPIOtlK 1ttp iTtlromc rlvUL TOiJ ltJlp6YJlatOo Ei Koyna 1WV IvOtwv H tmo 9EIOPllOW REpIOXIi lR lcr1poundUEto w aElajlLK~ ilPEJlO~ naVTW~ KUOWr fI R)~PWcrl roO ltPfloshyYJlOro auYpound1t)Ei1o RpooocunKWl OpIOJlOr crrlaj1wv fytYEV ulaEhl[oo Kui 1ttpi ~a jl ~oa unteurollSpiou 1967 1UpiROIl 100 tnjKEVtpa tVpoundtoRia911aav d~ t rv REptOXi]v to) tppaYJlatOr H crpoundLalllKi] u6tT) lipt1crl r ci1td691l (m6 7follillv poundl TllV Q)6pmiddot numv lill AIJlVll middotnaal)T(u~ 800 OpoundlcrJJOL Jlpound Wy toT 5 jw 55 tRpo~jvT)oav EAUcppar ~TJJiao 10V emtll)plOV 100 1967 Kui de 111 10 6 CKQl13PlOU t967 crwrpo pqcOou 65 1tpUKTlshyKo jCivltpoundOWOE -niv tEpti mpLOXT1v Kat ERPO~poundVllOpoundV tIC1E1amiddot jl middotvao ~TlJllar Err t6 ltppUYJlfl (180 VpoundKpO( 2200 qJuujlaliul) To euroniKEVtpOV EupicrKEtO poundl ut6GtUOlV O)(YOOV km orc6 tOU Q)pUYjlUTO n ovaYpaqiaa Oeuro llEYioTIl euroRLtOXOvou de t6 Q)poYJla lmEPtPll tet O50g dltOlT Arvcrux v61Ilm (Berg J968)(4) poundVtO nov inOIJEvwv 14 i1lJpoundprov ouvt ~lloav 6 ~t f taaEIOJloi IU~ IJEYpound9ll ti1tO 55 jlExPI 52 Kai 1tOIKI)iav EcrnUKampv ~a9ampv Ai lm()vrl Sui trv ozicnv UI)trov troy crEtOIJrov rcpDe to cpposhyYjla 1tOIKi))ouv 6)01 6jlwr napEoh9Ttcrav On m9avolr Ko1tOla OpaOl~ (Iriggering) bnorrixuw tAaBE xcopav 0 ~EAf llv XClpalaIJnalOlgt (elll)6y~ 101011(6lt e1tl TWV cppaYllatwv mmiddot onun Otl imfpt crxt(H~ IleuroTaG t~v crEIOlllttv Kat TOU uoamiddot lO~ 111lt Ot1IlIJCVft poundIr Koyna

EOT)llloupyi9T) euroI 10urov fl (VltmOOOu 010 tflV Koyna 0 t6 Oooop fl(I)KAoQ)opr1 lmO ni nflv jlCW~U TWV oPlllttv Kal Ill YIJlhwv Kat OI~YE PC nl v Klv101V Kal Otl fl oaouKn KUJlashytiKi] tV (flY~ la 1[0 O1tllAWOCPOOOT) OUTWI ltiVq O(LCPll uno jlOp~ ltPtiv OIIOjli)V

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3 wA))Q TTpoundPIlTTWOpoundIC

To 1958 OEtO~OypoltpOl fYKrtTEOt091aav euroI Snowy Tfo NA Aootpa)ja~ tnt 10 OKOR~ fTJo rupcocro ~UVOIJtKGu tvcpy(uv pT)YJlatrov ltAlloiov 9pound0poundoov euroYKCLtOOtuOcro UOP0l1ArK101 KWV tPYoov Kal ltppaYIJtl1rov

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0 Ka9rnTtttlo A raA(lv6nouiIo~ (1966) t1t1 ttl Bll(I t l tCllV OE OOjlEVWV tOU fTUAO) KaOTtflltoO CaJoi(7) I5w(v[)it KUtuqmvTJ crucrZpoundttOtV t il QOPtWOfUl~ ton mJOjlpound IOI tOU CPPuY~uno Vajonl fix Kui 00 Xp6vou emaap(lvcrcm 1(p6laquo tilv ItUPIltT Plampficrav WIt IKf) V OCtCJJIU i]V opumv Ka1U tllv mp(oBov J960~ 1963 [~ 6))o u Kal 6 rOIClt 6 O lioi Eni tiJ [juan ) t~ ITlOJIETPlK(lV K(1l (JCtcrJltKOOV 1[lIpatTJ I11)oIOOv (hmSiS~t tl V Kamiddot WOt (lOcI1V (00 Vajont Ei~ Tt)V un6 tou ltppa(J1ltLTCH tnfllOo)middot cray lUtI1pa lv twv (euroOOpoundKtOVtICWV cruVOTtKG)V t~ KCPIOX1l C

0 Griggs 1tnpaOC1t tCtL YevlKWlt c5t1 de n)v 1tA~p(OOW cppashyypltttWV to Oooop nltL~nl eva cll1jlOVTIlc6v p6gtov do 6v fampIJa-

XlcrJlOV tillv 1UlPWjlDfroV Koi poundlvm unpounduGuvov e l~ to 1tpoundftnt6J~ OCI aonic OIU tflv ytveo~v crEIOjlltllV jlEXPl 1369ll lil r6cftUt t WV 100 km

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4 npoundpITTTWOUC ana TOV middotE))lVlKOV XCtpov

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Eo TO crx 1 ltpatVftal 11 crucrretlalO 1rov jltKPOOElOIJWV TO) poundKavorcEolOu ATlIKi1 ~ KUI 1rov 010KUJlCtvaerov tfio crtoOIJIl tfl~ A iJlv1r toG MapuOwvo KUla tv mp(ooov 1958 middot65 anOOl Ttapot)ola~ftul Uno A rajav01tOUAOU

~ auou orco nir 10 1tCp umiJcrEl r aio91l1wV crCtOjlWV ~nL qgtavElO~ nou RCLPEtIlP1)9 1crav EIe TnV AtTIKIY llno toil 1931 Jl(Pt crfJJlEPOV ~6vov ouo OEY OuoXEriltOVfQl XPOVIKtik 1tp6~ tV Q)OptfllOW tfi )iJlVll lt 1 1( ttov lntoloi1tooV 8 fvrPYWI REshypl60oov t~ OUjlRl1([OUV jlt TI 1tpoundpiooov ltpoptwmwc Tf) Ai middot ~tvlC a oil fiAUl ouo nupoooltltouv oultpfj auaZfttot v ~e Otacpopav ltp60Eo)~ ono tilv Jlryicrt1v tpoprocrtv 4 - 5 IJ l)VroV H IC(lGtJolepllol ~ a UfT) 1 (d ampIt l rV mplntwcrlv 1oD Denver iowC va ~qlED~fta t ck riIv Iicnutov taxuHlta ot1 9110EOJ t(i)v Orpal Jlf041 tWV PT)YlJcI1WV

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240 250 260 270

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Ol al(l)tpoundpoo tTtlothjloVEC 0rtOOlf)pt~ouv 6n arto 6AQ til aitla EKA6(Jf00~ OELOIl(i)v Co nAtov tlllt~lQVEe Elvcu 1) taXU(l1 ~ )lEtashyDOAne (POPtooOEUX to() t MrpOIX de nCPLoxoC rtOU elVa( OeuroLOjllshyK(i)e SVEPYO( toDt o m8avUx va OfPElAEtUt ErrE elc to jlCYEOolt tmpupuvoEUgtlt ein Eie tOV tPonov noo aOKEhClL avtTJ

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6 Eni6paatt tYXUOEWi uypWY di unoyuo 4tpiOTQ tnl TiIi I(aIJI1(6TlTO~

Ana tOO ttO~ 1942 to Rocky M oun tain ArsenallCatEOKEUashy~E oUl nOEJlIKO~ Kai j3LOjHlxaVtKOUc oKon00e X11jlIKQ 1IPOshy(OVtO EieJlEYaA1V KAillaKa Ono tJiv lilEU8uvOIV roi) Xfl)lIKOi Eci))lOl~ toO AjlEPIKaVIKOO 1tporoO(13) ~Ev nopartpoov tflc E1tlXEIPtioEooc 1QU111lt ElvClI jlOAUcrJttVOV 6XP11owv 13ooop T6v OE E Ppiov toO 196 1 t6 tTJlIKOV crUl)lO ouvEnAljprooE titv Ka1aoKEutt v qlpEaWC oUl tLiv ~KXUOlV tlllv UXPJiOTOOV uypampv H XPflOIC TOO ltppeurooroe fipla10 tev Maptlov toO 1962 )le EKshyXUOIV 42 EKOtOjlJl UPirov YOAoviUv axpLioTau (ioatOl 01 OELOjlOl to) Denver llPavTa tov btOjlEVOV )Iflva A~loo1 -JlEionov OE eIVClt to YEyov6C Otl de Denver EIXE vO (ivlJ al-081tOe OEIO)lOl ono TaU 1882

Ano w) AnPtAlou toO 1962 IlEXPl tOO tEAOUC EI3piou 1965 CtVEypaqgtfloov 710 OEIOIlOL jlEyt9oue 07 EOOC 43 tfle KJi)laKOC Richter EK roov crClcrJlGlV tout(ov 75 Tlcr(1V QPKEtU EVtOVOl roOlE va ylvOllV U(OOfltO EiC trv mptOXflv toQ Arsenal To EnlKEVTpa tOOv at to~ur)V ampOpicrKOVtO de unOOlClcrtv to 1tOAO eoo 12 km Qno toO qlptOtoe Tov NofJl~pIOV TO) 19656 Dashyvid Evans uvtKoivrooEv EiC TllACOntlKtlv pound1lltJluvloiv tOll on onflpsEv d~lfooC OXtOIgt ~tEt(1~U tOlV OEIOIliilv KOl tfie eKXushycreoo to) aXPllotOO GOlaquoW~ KIlTOrtlV toQ tYEp9poundVTOr 90pupou 6 Erpato Kat 11 Olloo1tovlitaKfl KUPEPVTlOlC til nOAlteiac

910

to) Cotorado pound1tpoundIOpnrTlOClV liLaltp6pOut tPEUVfltlKOUC OpshyYUlIOlIo0 jlpound 150000 KaL 220000 OOAAOPICl clvtLcnoixox Qui ri)v O1JOlTlllanK1lv Epeuvav lOO qgtCllVOIIpoundVOU

EK tile OuvoUaOI-EVllC tpEUVTlt fl AIIEptKQVLIC1 rpoundooA0111(11 Y1tTlPEcria KClTt ATlceV de to OlJIJ1tCpaOIJCl 61 fl tKXUOlC 6xPtlshyltJt(I)V UAU1W d e 10 paSu qlptup (nUt lO) Denver qlOlVEtClL va poundTval OTlllClV1Ul alt(a (1EIp(1- IILKplbv creIOlll)V Ano tv OlClshylla1lK~V aIlUA-UCflV tl crxEOEfUC ~IEtalu tic hxUOpoundt1X lampV lrypWv tic t6 CPpCCt(l Arsenal KCll tf1c OEIO)HKflc OUXV01TltOC d~ tilv nEDL 7t1PlOZlV tiil)~eTl [0 crujJ1tEDClOJlCl Otl flm9av6shytl1lt 1) O-XEOLC aU1Tl va E[VClt TlYXaia Elva nEpLnou I 11POC 1000

EL laC 20 centeppouap[ou 1966 to CPPEap Arsenll tlCAcio6n Ev auto cilPlcrl1tVOL opoundLojJoi OuviPTlouv dC Denver haOlE eK t(1)v 6noiOlv tL ~EYpound9ou~ 55 f)OPE xwpuv lOV AiJYOUOlOV toO 1967

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911

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I Carder D Sflsmic Inv$ l hta t ions In the Boulder Dam ArfA tJUO-HI H lUld the ill ll uelu c or Rfigtcn olr lOa d ln g (1) 1o( 1 E a rlhq ua lte AcivHy Ou l Selllll middotu( Ant 3amp 17 j-1 9l t HI4e )

2 RIIhu C Elemcntary Sdsmology FrCP lTlan CO t San Frunchco ( 1 UfgtM)

3 OOIlU1 D Gl r hYWi Cal intUIIJ~tlons at Lak e l~art l)a dnterT Symp uber r ~ [lI P rt1 knLHt lnIJlw~~ungtnt Uerlln IVGt

~ Berg E Trilij(l rhll of ttl euro Itl k(ln Earthqtl3k r or Murch ~LII 1164 and m Ljor arttJ1illoClu by luw OCt(lfi tlll ( loa ds Ulldated reporl to A i r FOret oRl el or iCHl t Rc~ (t lfi d)

5 Jaeger J and L ttltd ~ ~midty Of Soo lh~at t Australia Am Geoph Unbull Monograph 13 pp JIo 5-14 7 (I fiG) )

6 Gaianorotoa L n)~ IntJu cl1ee lf the FluClunU uD Or Mara ll tCl- n Lake I~Wl l ln OIL Local 1~ (jj t11quakc Allh ily III lh~ AUk Basin Alea Alili (fOI c1 eti P1H6 H t lmiddot 18 28 1-306 (USS)

1 Coloi P L((lfi1o del VaJont nci suol AspeUl GeodynamiC Ann dl GeMbull I ~ t (1 966 )

8 Evans D Man~ lT1ade earlhquakes In D envcr IG tlVUmeso 10 pp11-18 (1960)

9 Conminaltil P D rtdroPGIIJa J ilfoumoulidu G mld D Pdt-shywdl() Fortshock ltIu d nfter1lhoc k sequences or lbe CrtJUJJla

earlhqut lt anll t1eir rtla tlOn 10 thc water loadIng or the Cnshymasta artific ial la ke Ann dl Gror 21 39~71 (1968)

to Guha S Ram G and G Rao TrIgger Cau$I In Eart h JfQvampshymenls Pu bl Dur G(lnt Sci sm IIlI~ iiI Tra SCi 9 ts3~ (1 956)

II Me Gl lIlis L F middotlrl hquakcs and CmsLa I ~[o cment AS lteJalc4 t o water LI)a i ll th e )J isslllil)Pi Valley nq~iu n llIinolJJ SL GI() I Survey rUu13 ( 19 G3)

12 Mo luulwa T Study o EartllQULIi~s ltTokyo U no S holto ( t 064 )

13 EuaJl$ D Th~ I lrnl1 arC(l ea rth(IUak CI and t h Rod )l o UR-lt lain Arsenal ltlj~poslll well Thf Mount ai n G~ ()i OShil a - fU (1966)

14 RolM J EarthquaJolti ~nd re crvor loadings Proc 4th orl(J Couf on Earth En lr Chile (1969)

15 fjnIf]7noTl P StlLd lrfI ill largePlast c Flow IUI limiddotr4l I Llr~ ~j t Gruw Hili Jook Co (19~2)

912

Reservoir Loading and Local Seismicity Iy J Drakopouloamiddot

Summary

R ecent earthquake activities atlributed to artificial unmiddot balance of na tural fOlC(S in various loca lities havo rrvived intmr~t ill inv(sligatiorr for a correlation between the seishysmicity of a Cfrtain regio n and tho ratc or change of water loading in a dam (If the region Seismic activity and resershyvoir loading in some areas support the ca s r~ No signifka nt

jn(rease or seismic activity was observed in some other darns

Th e explanation of the whole phenomenon it seems to be complex lnd in this paper arc included some interesting points flom the international Iit()rature and the opinion of the au th or lor a beller understanding of this prohable cort liation

bull Degrep in Pbyslet (nd B Irtl ronrJi Un i v~l y or At h~II D ocwr Fore and After~ho c li s Mlcrotremors and )flcroearthqlake~ Co~

degref in Iilmolog) ( 1Hll ) Chler Ol ~sl ii -alll In S eiilil La i) ll ralory o r Manlgur of the lr()j~L (If UNE~ 0 ~ur ey or the SciMnl cHy in tbe Ath ens Ull hrrsil ) 1 169~ J1l In Ail Hlc e Cnurtt o r t mNll ali ullal Inshy BalKan region bull Mlmbfr In l nlpoundrn ational AssociatlonH Parllclpant S tl tUtl~ of seil lll otofff HIII E alth ilu a k~ En~III~rl rll ReStlre work In SOlfle Interna tion al COnrerell~ In SeismiCity lUsl liI l St rut ture of Ule Eart h Ioc al Mechanlsm

909 Atl(tJ~pIO 1971

1958

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I Carder D Sflsmic Inv$ l hta t ions In the Boulder Dam ArfA tJUO-HI H lUld the ill ll uelu c or Rfigtcn olr lOa d ln g (1) 1o( 1 E a rlhq ua lte AcivHy Ou l Selllll middotu( Ant 3amp 17 j-1 9l t HI4e )

2 RIIhu C Elemcntary Sdsmology FrCP lTlan CO t San Frunchco ( 1 UfgtM)

3 OOIlU1 D Gl r hYWi Cal intUIIJ~tlons at Lak e l~art l)a dnterT Symp uber r ~ [lI P rt1 knLHt lnIJlw~~ungtnt Uerlln IVGt

~ Berg E Trilij(l rhll of ttl euro Itl k(ln Earthqtl3k r or Murch ~LII 1164 and m Ljor arttJ1illoClu by luw OCt(lfi tlll ( loa ds Ulldated reporl to A i r FOret oRl el or iCHl t Rc~ (t lfi d)

5 Jaeger J and L ttltd ~ ~midty Of Soo lh~at t Australia Am Geoph Unbull Monograph 13 pp JIo 5-14 7 (I fiG) )

6 Gaianorotoa L n)~ IntJu cl1ee lf the FluClunU uD Or Mara ll tCl- n Lake I~Wl l ln OIL Local 1~ (jj t11quakc Allh ily III lh~ AUk Basin Alea Alili (fOI c1 eti P1H6 H t lmiddot 18 28 1-306 (USS)

1 Coloi P L((lfi1o del VaJont nci suol AspeUl GeodynamiC Ann dl GeMbull I ~ t (1 966 )

8 Evans D Man~ lT1ade earlhquakes In D envcr IG tlVUmeso 10 pp11-18 (1960)

9 Conminaltil P D rtdroPGIIJa J ilfoumoulidu G mld D Pdt-shywdl() Fortshock ltIu d nfter1lhoc k sequences or lbe CrtJUJJla

earlhqut lt anll t1eir rtla tlOn 10 thc water loadIng or the Cnshymasta artific ial la ke Ann dl Gror 21 39~71 (1968)

to Guha S Ram G and G Rao TrIgger Cau$I In Eart h JfQvampshymenls Pu bl Dur G(lnt Sci sm IIlI~ iiI Tra SCi 9 ts3~ (1 956)

II Me Gl lIlis L F middotlrl hquakcs and CmsLa I ~[o cment AS lteJalc4 t o water LI)a i ll th e )J isslllil)Pi Valley nq~iu n llIinolJJ SL GI() I Survey rUu13 ( 19 G3)

12 Mo luulwa T Study o EartllQULIi~s ltTokyo U no S holto ( t 064 )

13 EuaJl$ D Th~ I lrnl1 arC(l ea rth(IUak CI and t h Rod )l o UR-lt lain Arsenal ltlj~poslll well Thf Mount ai n G~ ()i OShil a - fU (1966)

14 RolM J EarthquaJolti ~nd re crvor loadings Proc 4th orl(J Couf on Earth En lr Chile (1969)

15 fjnIf]7noTl P StlLd lrfI ill largePlast c Flow IUI limiddotr4l I Llr~ ~j t Gruw Hili Jook Co (19~2)

912

Reservoir Loading and Local Seismicity Iy J Drakopouloamiddot

Summary

R ecent earthquake activities atlributed to artificial unmiddot balance of na tural fOlC(S in various loca lities havo rrvived intmr~t ill inv(sligatiorr for a correlation between the seishysmicity of a Cfrtain regio n and tho ratc or change of water loading in a dam (If the region Seismic activity and resershyvoir loading in some areas support the ca s r~ No signifka nt

jn(rease or seismic activity was observed in some other darns

Th e explanation of the whole phenomenon it seems to be complex lnd in this paper arc included some interesting points flom the international Iit()rature and the opinion of the au th or lor a beller understanding of this prohable cort liation

bull Degrep in Pbyslet (nd B Irtl ronrJi Un i v~l y or At h~II D ocwr Fore and After~ho c li s Mlcrotremors and )flcroearthqlake~ Co~

degref in Iilmolog) ( 1Hll ) Chler Ol ~sl ii -alll In S eiilil La i) ll ralory o r Manlgur of the lr()j~L (If UNE~ 0 ~ur ey or the SciMnl cHy in tbe Ath ens Ull hrrsil ) 1 169~ J1l In Ail Hlc e Cnurtt o r t mNll ali ullal Inshy BalKan region bull Mlmbfr In l nlpoundrn ational AssociatlonH Parllclpant S tl tUtl~ of seil lll otofff HIII E alth ilu a k~ En~III~rl rll ReStlre work In SOlfle Interna tion al COnrerell~ In SeismiCity lUsl liI l St rut ture of Ule Eart h Ioc al Mechanlsm

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AIAcult dva~ QOUVUtolt 1] tefl)l1aLlt to() cpaIVOjJEVOl) 01 eva OElcrIJOAQ-yOV XOOPllt TnV onapeIV TlUv EtOIKWV tOUTWV Ol)VshyeKrov a 6norm flaLVETOI v 6noooul(Ol)V art6 TO rt Afj90lt lUv IPpaYIJCuwv dlt to Onola bEv 1tapnT)pi]91l aue101lt Tfe OpoundIOjJtshyKfje opaOtT)pI6TIlTOlt

Mia 6AIIl ouoKoAla eurojJltp(lvt(poundTOI EIlt ttiv euro1tlAO)11v trov U1tO KOtaoKwi)v flpa)juItWV Etlt Ta 6nota OEOV 61twlt )iv1] OOOTT] ~ jlaWen EpeUVU 6111 Mv SuvQIlE9a v (mocpav900IJEV poundK GJv npOTeuropWV Mv CPPu)lJa unO KuraoKwtiv ellt oEtOIlIKlUlt tvep)ov nEploxtlv li 6110 Ellt OEIOlllKUlI tPEIJOV lItPLOXtiv OEOV Onwc 1t(lO11J119~ oui rilv OlJOtt[llatIKljv poundpwvav Kat 000 oton dlt a 1l1Kpdlt OEIOIJIK6Tllt~ npoundploxtilt m8av6v va un6PXouv OlPljlOI euro AaotlKai aOEl lt ouoOwPWIJpoundVCtl tnt tOAM poundtT) TO bt cppa)lJa rtl9av6v va lIaieu p6AOV nopoS6Tou Ellt 0lt nEshyploxalt bt 1lE)aAlt OE10IJ11(6T1]oc Enolt tlUv UaOTIK(J)v tashymrov nou tViOE tKovoivtal anD tnV EKAIgtCJlV TlUv OE10Il(J)V 11 unopeu tlUv EVEP)WV Pll)IJQtWV towe Elval anOflOOlonKOt noplnrov 010 v a1tOflQOloSi) lj CJ)OTt[jJCtttKn lipEOva euroKEr

TItOTEUOjJrV ollAaotl On oui va OlJjJpaAlJ jJla ALjJVll Ellt i]v ytVEOtv OEIOjlroV npbpound1 lj loopportla trov nEpWlJtnrov tllt 1)v rtEPIOX1lV yo Elval Eoui0811TltX ellt jJIKPcilt jJpoundtapOAut npdYjla TO onolov sty yvwpl(olJEV tK Tillv npoTEproV AUTOlt Elval Kai o 16yot Dla TOY 6noiov Sty napatllPEITOI a6ellollt 00 apI91l00 fov OEl0jJliIV Etlt OAalt Tat nEptOxot tExvllTlUv IljtvcllV

OC aVQflEpEal dlt rtp60q)aTov epEuvav tnt tftc OElOlltI(6TT)tOt toO EA)nvtlco() xropoo npaxTlIcilllt bEy imaPXEl V-A1]VIKil Ertupxla 1) 6rtola va 1J11 fltAoeEVf 1J1av n nEpl(10OT~pOlt Opoundl~ OlJlKC1( tOTiut(6) (GalanopooJos 1965) OUTOl~ anD anooEwlt OHOJlIKOtllTOt Ii EAAOO poundXE TO 9AISEPOV npov61J10v va KaTEshyXl) Tliv npwtnV 9tOlV dt TOY EOpOlrtalKOV X(OpOV

LUVEnlVt AaJ1aaVOIJEVt[e l)1t 6~IV KOl rfjlt popI)-nlot 100 StshyIlaroc qPOVOOJ1EV OTI OEOV onwlt )lvn OVOtT)lJOtll(Tt tpeuva

tv 00pound1 JlcI110Ta tf1 jJpoundfAoVTlICfjlt lCoTacrKEufjt CPPU)llcItOlV

To napov DEv OKonpoundt EIC ttiv UnOeOAtlV crvy KEKPljJEI(I)V 1t(lOttlshyOpound(IJV np~ TOUlt OPlJoo[OIgtlt 6110 SiYEI to np6jlAWu XroplC jJE)c9l)vOlv I(at Xoople tln6KpUIjIIV TliIV )E)OVOtWV

middot ooot o( apJl60IOI Sa fnpEnE va A6POUV 1lCP10C16nwcv nt Ojl IV trov Kai VU U[09EticrOUV tat ElOllYTtcrCl o Kui tit 1toplcJJlQtn Tijlt ETtItponftlt tjl1tt~ 1I10Y(1~LOVroV Troy olpound9vclv 6pyavrouEoov a OUVpoundKEVPWOEV tl UNESCO I(ot TO 61toio npoTt9tlleSu va OlljJOOIEOOWjlEV auooota

ITEPaivovTtc OVl(OjJpoundV Ott at 1lI1lovai npaKTLlCU Kai EmOTn~ IJOVIICO t1tlTt6eElt at 6rtOl0l fi9EIOV npOKU~poundt ouvl1)opouv 0111 rnv dt OaSOC O1JOtmlCttlKnV euroP EUVQV toO ipltlIVOIlEVOlgt AK6jJt[ SEQV onwc onoll v l09fj OTI ri oQPapa ApEl)Va analshytEl euro)KaracrtOO1V OpoundlOJllK(L)V 6p)avwv Eilt Ta Un~ KUTa shyOKEU11V IPP(lyllatu 7tEpav TOO imopxovrltx EOvlioO LEIO)lo-shyAO)IKOO butLOl) Kat ri)v OtEVV ouvEp)aolav Kal ov O)Vtoshyv1oll6v t(l)v ElblKlUv E1tIOTl1J6vwv OElOjJOAO)OOV Jt[XaVlKlUv I(oi )poundwI6)cov

I Carder D Sflsmic Inv$ l hta t ions In the Boulder Dam ArfA tJUO-HI H lUld the ill ll uelu c or Rfigtcn olr lOa d ln g (1) 1o( 1 E a rlhq ua lte AcivHy Ou l Selllll middotu( Ant 3amp 17 j-1 9l t HI4e )

2 RIIhu C Elemcntary Sdsmology FrCP lTlan CO t San Frunchco ( 1 UfgtM)

3 OOIlU1 D Gl r hYWi Cal intUIIJ~tlons at Lak e l~art l)a dnterT Symp uber r ~ [lI P rt1 knLHt lnIJlw~~ungtnt Uerlln IVGt

~ Berg E Trilij(l rhll of ttl euro Itl k(ln Earthqtl3k r or Murch ~LII 1164 and m Ljor arttJ1illoClu by luw OCt(lfi tlll ( loa ds Ulldated reporl to A i r FOret oRl el or iCHl t Rc~ (t lfi d)

5 Jaeger J and L ttltd ~ ~midty Of Soo lh~at t Australia Am Geoph Unbull Monograph 13 pp JIo 5-14 7 (I fiG) )

6 Gaianorotoa L n)~ IntJu cl1ee lf the FluClunU uD Or Mara ll tCl- n Lake I~Wl l ln OIL Local 1~ (jj t11quakc Allh ily III lh~ AUk Basin Alea Alili (fOI c1 eti P1H6 H t lmiddot 18 28 1-306 (USS)

1 Coloi P L((lfi1o del VaJont nci suol AspeUl GeodynamiC Ann dl GeMbull I ~ t (1 966 )

8 Evans D Man~ lT1ade earlhquakes In D envcr IG tlVUmeso 10 pp11-18 (1960)

9 Conminaltil P D rtdroPGIIJa J ilfoumoulidu G mld D Pdt-shywdl() Fortshock ltIu d nfter1lhoc k sequences or lbe CrtJUJJla

earlhqut lt anll t1eir rtla tlOn 10 thc water loadIng or the Cnshymasta artific ial la ke Ann dl Gror 21 39~71 (1968)

to Guha S Ram G and G Rao TrIgger Cau$I In Eart h JfQvampshymenls Pu bl Dur G(lnt Sci sm IIlI~ iiI Tra SCi 9 ts3~ (1 956)

II Me Gl lIlis L F middotlrl hquakcs and CmsLa I ~[o cment AS lteJalc4 t o water LI)a i ll th e )J isslllil)Pi Valley nq~iu n llIinolJJ SL GI() I Survey rUu13 ( 19 G3)

12 Mo luulwa T Study o EartllQULIi~s ltTokyo U no S holto ( t 064 )

13 EuaJl$ D Th~ I lrnl1 arC(l ea rth(IUak CI and t h Rod )l o UR-lt lain Arsenal ltlj~poslll well Thf Mount ai n G~ ()i OShil a - fU (1966)

14 RolM J EarthquaJolti ~nd re crvor loadings Proc 4th orl(J Couf on Earth En lr Chile (1969)

15 fjnIf]7noTl P StlLd lrfI ill largePlast c Flow IUI limiddotr4l I Llr~ ~j t Gruw Hili Jook Co (19~2)

912

Reservoir Loading and Local Seismicity Iy J Drakopouloamiddot

Summary

R ecent earthquake activities atlributed to artificial unmiddot balance of na tural fOlC(S in various loca lities havo rrvived intmr~t ill inv(sligatiorr for a correlation between the seishysmicity of a Cfrtain regio n and tho ratc or change of water loading in a dam (If the region Seismic activity and resershyvoir loading in some areas support the ca s r~ No signifka nt

jn(rease or seismic activity was observed in some other darns

Th e explanation of the whole phenomenon it seems to be complex lnd in this paper arc included some interesting points flom the international Iit()rature and the opinion of the au th or lor a beller understanding of this prohable cort liation

bull Degrep in Pbyslet (nd B Irtl ronrJi Un i v~l y or At h~II D ocwr Fore and After~ho c li s Mlcrotremors and )flcroearthqlake~ Co~

degref in Iilmolog) ( 1Hll ) Chler Ol ~sl ii -alll In S eiilil La i) ll ralory o r Manlgur of the lr()j~L (If UNE~ 0 ~ur ey or the SciMnl cHy in tbe Ath ens Ull hrrsil ) 1 169~ J1l In Ail Hlc e Cnurtt o r t mNll ali ullal Inshy BalKan region bull Mlmbfr In l nlpoundrn ational AssociatlonH Parllclpant S tl tUtl~ of seil lll otofff HIII E alth ilu a k~ En~III~rl rll ReStlre work In SOlfle Interna tion al COnrerell~ In SeismiCity lUsl liI l St rut ture of Ule Eart h Ioc al Mechanlsm

911

)vffi)lTl 611 uxa(u aiJ~1t1(ool Ei~ nvcu 1ttpmttOOw cb8ilYlaav etc eurocr~(lA)lEVa CNJl1tEpaOIJQla Ttepl Tfjlt OuOXeurotlm oolt tOOv qgtpa~ Y)lllTroV )1amp OEIO)lV opG(JW K(li oU5e)lLO tOI(10T11 OXEUU UqJmiddot (JfQtUI Kat nEpt tli~ JHU Kat 1tEpt tflt 6)11lt Ihpaiat 1tEplmiddot 1tTOOClEWt ciVtLl19EV1QI cWtO TU)TU Til YEyOVOTO

EnlUTllt OEV pound)IqlaVi~E middotWL apKOUVtro 9EJlEAlCO)EVT] 000E)lia geooplu euro~lr~mw toO 0101gt IlllxaVIU)lOO Kat rij lOLUlrrl1lt crucrXETiOE~ ol6n oev lrrroOVtUI 6AUl al neplmrocreac )lOshy

vOOTuuivHolt

T6 mOavrotepov poundIvaI va uf4)iOtatal Kanola crXpoundOH QAAO oui va Cl(blAro900v OEl(1)loi 1000lt XPElit~Ovtal dOUC(ll CJl)V9fjKCtI n( intOplllt roPIO)lEVI)V poundA(lOtlKl)V aoewv pound1 ltlV mpLOXtlv unapllt tVEP)IllV prmUltOOv KAlt 1 oE napouoia TOO QlpaYJlashytOt loUgt thWKOAUV1) til hAuolv UEIOlJeLlV 1 tnTtaXUVU lnUtlv

61]Aaoli IPpovoOIJEV on to nAElcnov oxe06v tfl~ hAUO)leuroVl1lt oelo~uKft~ poundvEPyeneialt imopXEl E[~ t6 euroOWt~PIKOV Tfje riJlt EVEKa fj~ 8plloEWC yenfOltEKtOVIKlUv Ol)VOIJEUlV Kal OrtA(J)lt 11 eurovtp)Ela aUtI1 olE)eipEtal uno t(J)v AIIJVci)V Kat 6nEAw9EpoDtal uno 1J0PCPliv OEIOjJroV Elval 0111 ~vat tp6nolt teava)KaOJIOD tfj t eurovep)eialt EIlt 6rtEAW9europw aLv

AIAcult dva~ QOUVUtolt 1] tefl)l1aLlt to() cpaIVOjJEVOl) 01 eva OElcrIJOAQ-yOV XOOPllt TnV onapeIV TlUv EtOIKWV tOUTWV Ol)VshyeKrov a 6norm flaLVETOI v 6noooul(Ol)V art6 TO rt Afj90lt lUv IPpaYIJCuwv dlt to Onola bEv 1tapnT)pi]91l aue101lt Tfe OpoundIOjJtshyKfje opaOtT)pI6TIlTOlt

Mia 6AIIl ouoKoAla eurojJltp(lvt(poundTOI EIlt ttiv euro1tlAO)11v trov U1tO KOtaoKwi)v flpa)juItWV Etlt Ta 6nota OEOV 61twlt )iv1] OOOTT] ~ jlaWen EpeUVU 6111 Mv SuvQIlE9a v (mocpav900IJEV poundK GJv npOTeuropWV Mv CPPu)lJa unO KuraoKwtiv ellt oEtOIlIKlUlt tvep)ov nEploxtlv li 6110 Ellt OEIOlllKUlI tPEIJOV lItPLOXtiv OEOV Onwc 1t(lO11J119~ oui rilv OlJOtt[llatIKljv poundpwvav Kat 000 oton dlt a 1l1Kpdlt OEIOIJIK6Tllt~ npoundploxtilt m8av6v va un6PXouv OlPljlOI euro AaotlKai aOEl lt ouoOwPWIJpoundVCtl tnt tOAM poundtT) TO bt cppa)lJa rtl9av6v va lIaieu p6AOV nopoS6Tou Ellt 0lt nEshyploxalt bt 1lE)aAlt OE10IJ11(6T1]oc Enolt tlUv UaOTIK(J)v tashymrov nou tViOE tKovoivtal anD tnV EKAIgtCJlV TlUv OE10Il(J)V 11 unopeu tlUv EVEP)WV Pll)IJQtWV towe Elval anOflOOlonKOt noplnrov 010 v a1tOflQOloSi) lj CJ)OTt[jJCtttKn lipEOva euroKEr

TItOTEUOjJrV ollAaotl On oui va OlJjJpaAlJ jJla ALjJVll Ellt i]v ytVEOtv OEIOjlroV npbpound1 lj loopportla trov nEpWlJtnrov tllt 1)v rtEPIOX1lV yo Elval Eoui0811TltX ellt jJIKPcilt jJpoundtapOAut npdYjla TO onolov sty yvwpl(olJEV tK Tillv npoTEproV AUTOlt Elval Kai o 16yot Dla TOY 6noiov Sty napatllPEITOI a6ellollt 00 apI91l00 fov OEl0jJliIV Etlt OAalt Tat nEptOxot tExvllTlUv IljtvcllV

OC aVQflEpEal dlt rtp60q)aTov epEuvav tnt tftc OElOlltI(6TT)tOt toO EA)nvtlco() xropoo npaxTlIcilllt bEy imaPXEl V-A1]VIKil Ertupxla 1) 6rtola va 1J11 fltAoeEVf 1J1av n nEpl(10OT~pOlt Opoundl~ OlJlKC1( tOTiut(6) (GalanopooJos 1965) OUTOl~ anD anooEwlt OHOJlIKOtllTOt Ii EAAOO poundXE TO 9AISEPOV npov61J10v va KaTEshyXl) Tliv npwtnV 9tOlV dt TOY EOpOlrtalKOV X(OpOV

LUVEnlVt AaJ1aaVOIJEVt[e l)1t 6~IV KOl rfjlt popI)-nlot 100 StshyIlaroc qPOVOOJ1EV OTI OEOV onwlt )lvn OVOtT)lJOtll(Tt tpeuva

tv 00pound1 JlcI110Ta tf1 jJpoundfAoVTlICfjlt lCoTacrKEufjt CPPU)llcItOlV

To napov DEv OKonpoundt EIC ttiv UnOeOAtlV crvy KEKPljJEI(I)V 1t(lOttlshyOpound(IJV np~ TOUlt OPlJoo[OIgtlt 6110 SiYEI to np6jlAWu XroplC jJE)c9l)vOlv I(at Xoople tln6KpUIjIIV TliIV )E)OVOtWV

middot ooot o( apJl60IOI Sa fnpEnE va A6POUV 1lCP10C16nwcv nt Ojl IV trov Kai VU U[09EticrOUV tat ElOllYTtcrCl o Kui tit 1toplcJJlQtn Tijlt ETtItponftlt tjl1tt~ 1I10Y(1~LOVroV Troy olpound9vclv 6pyavrouEoov a OUVpoundKEVPWOEV tl UNESCO I(ot TO 61toio npoTt9tlleSu va OlljJOOIEOOWjlEV auooota

ITEPaivovTtc OVl(OjJpoundV Ott at 1lI1lovai npaKTLlCU Kai EmOTn~ IJOVIICO t1tlTt6eElt at 6rtOl0l fi9EIOV npOKU~poundt ouvl1)opouv 0111 rnv dt OaSOC O1JOtmlCttlKnV euroP EUVQV toO ipltlIVOIlEVOlgt AK6jJt[ SEQV onwc onoll v l09fj OTI ri oQPapa ApEl)Va analshytEl euro)KaracrtOO1V OpoundlOJllK(L)V 6p)avwv Eilt Ta Un~ KUTa shyOKEU11V IPP(lyllatu 7tEpav TOO imopxovrltx EOvlioO LEIO)lo-shyAO)IKOO butLOl) Kat ri)v OtEVV ouvEp)aolav Kal ov O)Vtoshyv1oll6v t(l)v ElblKlUv E1tIOTl1J6vwv OElOjJOAO)OOV Jt[XaVlKlUv I(oi )poundwI6)cov

I Carder D Sflsmic Inv$ l hta t ions In the Boulder Dam ArfA tJUO-HI H lUld the ill ll uelu c or Rfigtcn olr lOa d ln g (1) 1o( 1 E a rlhq ua lte AcivHy Ou l Selllll middotu( Ant 3amp 17 j-1 9l t HI4e )

2 RIIhu C Elemcntary Sdsmology FrCP lTlan CO t San Frunchco ( 1 UfgtM)

3 OOIlU1 D Gl r hYWi Cal intUIIJ~tlons at Lak e l~art l)a dnterT Symp uber r ~ [lI P rt1 knLHt lnIJlw~~ungtnt Uerlln IVGt

~ Berg E Trilij(l rhll of ttl euro Itl k(ln Earthqtl3k r or Murch ~LII 1164 and m Ljor arttJ1illoClu by luw OCt(lfi tlll ( loa ds Ulldated reporl to A i r FOret oRl el or iCHl t Rc~ (t lfi d)

5 Jaeger J and L ttltd ~ ~midty Of Soo lh~at t Australia Am Geoph Unbull Monograph 13 pp JIo 5-14 7 (I fiG) )

6 Gaianorotoa L n)~ IntJu cl1ee lf the FluClunU uD Or Mara ll tCl- n Lake I~Wl l ln OIL Local 1~ (jj t11quakc Allh ily III lh~ AUk Basin Alea Alili (fOI c1 eti P1H6 H t lmiddot 18 28 1-306 (USS)

1 Coloi P L((lfi1o del VaJont nci suol AspeUl GeodynamiC Ann dl GeMbull I ~ t (1 966 )

8 Evans D Man~ lT1ade earlhquakes In D envcr IG tlVUmeso 10 pp11-18 (1960)

9 Conminaltil P D rtdroPGIIJa J ilfoumoulidu G mld D Pdt-shywdl() Fortshock ltIu d nfter1lhoc k sequences or lbe CrtJUJJla

earlhqut lt anll t1eir rtla tlOn 10 thc water loadIng or the Cnshymasta artific ial la ke Ann dl Gror 21 39~71 (1968)

to Guha S Ram G and G Rao TrIgger Cau$I In Eart h JfQvampshymenls Pu bl Dur G(lnt Sci sm IIlI~ iiI Tra SCi 9 ts3~ (1 956)

II Me Gl lIlis L F middotlrl hquakcs and CmsLa I ~[o cment AS lteJalc4 t o water LI)a i ll th e )J isslllil)Pi Valley nq~iu n llIinolJJ SL GI() I Survey rUu13 ( 19 G3)

12 Mo luulwa T Study o EartllQULIi~s ltTokyo U no S holto ( t 064 )

13 EuaJl$ D Th~ I lrnl1 arC(l ea rth(IUak CI and t h Rod )l o UR-lt lain Arsenal ltlj~poslll well Thf Mount ai n G~ ()i OShil a - fU (1966)

14 RolM J EarthquaJolti ~nd re crvor loadings Proc 4th orl(J Couf on Earth En lr Chile (1969)

15 fjnIf]7noTl P StlLd lrfI ill largePlast c Flow IUI limiddotr4l I Llr~ ~j t Gruw Hili Jook Co (19~2)

912

Reservoir Loading and Local Seismicity Iy J Drakopouloamiddot

Summary

R ecent earthquake activities atlributed to artificial unmiddot balance of na tural fOlC(S in various loca lities havo rrvived intmr~t ill inv(sligatiorr for a correlation between the seishysmicity of a Cfrtain regio n and tho ratc or change of water loading in a dam (If the region Seismic activity and resershyvoir loading in some areas support the ca s r~ No signifka nt

jn(rease or seismic activity was observed in some other darns

Th e explanation of the whole phenomenon it seems to be complex lnd in this paper arc included some interesting points flom the international Iit()rature and the opinion of the au th or lor a beller understanding of this prohable cort liation

bull Degrep in Pbyslet (nd B Irtl ronrJi Un i v~l y or At h~II D ocwr Fore and After~ho c li s Mlcrotremors and )flcroearthqlake~ Co~

degref in Iilmolog) ( 1Hll ) Chler Ol ~sl ii -alll In S eiilil La i) ll ralory o r Manlgur of the lr()j~L (If UNE~ 0 ~ur ey or the SciMnl cHy in tbe Ath ens Ull hrrsil ) 1 169~ J1l In Ail Hlc e Cnurtt o r t mNll ali ullal Inshy BalKan region bull Mlmbfr In l nlpoundrn ational AssociatlonH Parllclpant S tl tUtl~ of seil lll otofff HIII E alth ilu a k~ En~III~rl rll ReStlre work In SOlfle Interna tion al COnrerell~ In SeismiCity lUsl liI l St rut ture of Ule Eart h Ioc al Mechanlsm

912

Reservoir Loading and Local Seismicity Iy J Drakopouloamiddot

Summary

R ecent earthquake activities atlributed to artificial unmiddot balance of na tural fOlC(S in various loca lities havo rrvived intmr~t ill inv(sligatiorr for a correlation between the seishysmicity of a Cfrtain regio n and tho ratc or change of water loading in a dam (If the region Seismic activity and resershyvoir loading in some areas support the ca s r~ No signifka nt

jn(rease or seismic activity was observed in some other darns

Th e explanation of the whole phenomenon it seems to be complex lnd in this paper arc included some interesting points flom the international Iit()rature and the opinion of the au th or lor a beller understanding of this prohable cort liation

bull Degrep in Pbyslet (nd B Irtl ronrJi Un i v~l y or At h~II D ocwr Fore and After~ho c li s Mlcrotremors and )flcroearthqlake~ Co~

degref in Iilmolog) ( 1Hll ) Chler Ol ~sl ii -alll In S eiilil La i) ll ralory o r Manlgur of the lr()j~L (If UNE~ 0 ~ur ey or the SciMnl cHy in tbe Ath ens Ull hrrsil ) 1 169~ J1l In Ail Hlc e Cnurtt o r t mNll ali ullal Inshy BalKan region bull Mlmbfr In l nlpoundrn ational AssociatlonH Parllclpant S tl tUtl~ of seil lll otofff HIII E alth ilu a k~ En~III~rl rll ReStlre work In SOlfle Interna tion al COnrerell~ In SeismiCity lUsl liI l St rut ture of Ule Eart h Ioc al Mechanlsm