CH02

CH022-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5

2-2 PCI-E x16PCI-E x16

2-2 CPU CPU CPU CPUDDR2 DDR3 240pinB1. B2.

2-2 PCI Express16 PCI-E AGP SATA SATA IDEPCI PCI IDE IDE IDE IDE 2-2 FDD PS/2 USB USB RJ-45 CMOS

2-2 1. CPU CPU

2. IDESATAPCIUSBI/O !! USBSATACPU

13142-2 ( ) 1.CPU (A) (B) (C) CPU (D) 240 pins

( ) 2.(A)CPU (B)AGP (C) (D)

( ) 3. CPU(A) (B) (C)BIOS (D)DRAM

2-2 CPUCPUmicroprocessor, /(ALU)(cache memory)(register)CPU ...

2-2 CPU ALU + CU + +

2-2 CPU 102.07.23Intel Core i7 3930K 3.2G~3.8GHz/12M/LGA2011/32/130W BX80619I73930K 3.20GHz ~3.80GHz 12MB / LGA2011 32 Sandy Bridge-E Halogen Free TDP=130WDDR3-1600/1333, () Intel Core i7

2-2 CPU 102.07.23

AMD FX-8320 /3.5G /125W/ AM3+ AMD Piledriver FX-8320 8 /Turbo 3.5GHz (4.0GHz Turbo) L2 Cache 4 x 2MB L3 Cache 8MB 32nm 125W AM3+

2-2 CPU 1. CPU CPU3

2-2 ( )1.CPUIntel Core 2 Duo E6700 2.67GHz 2.67CPU(A)(B) (C)(D)

( )2.CPU(A) AMD CPU "X" CPU (B) AMD CPUX4X6 (C) IntelCPUDuoQuad (D) Intel CPUCPU DuoQuad

2-2 2. CPU CPU Hz()Intel Core i7_3.46G3.46G 3.46GHz

3. CPU (CPU )2-2 4. CPU CPU CPU () MHz GHz , CPU ==

Intel Core i7_3.46G 133MHz26 =133MHz26 = 133 103Hz 26 =3,458 103Hz 3.46GHz

.CPU CPU , 2-2 ( )1.3.2 GHzCPU (A)CPU3.2 Giga (B)CPU3.2 Giga (C)CPU3.2 Giga (D)CPU 3.2 Giga

( )2.CPU (A)CPU (B) (FSB) (C)(HT) (D)CPU

clock cycle = 1CPU500MHz

500 106 /1=0.2 10-8 =2 10-9 =2ns() = 1=:3GHz =3GHz1=3 109 1=31 10-9 0.33 2-2 17 CPU 4GHz 2 CPU :4 1091= 0.25 10-90.25 ns2 =0.5 ns4 GHz = 4 109 Hz = 2-2 ( ) 15. CPU800 MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second) 5(clock cycle)CPU (A)4 MHz (B)160 MHz (C)4 GHz (D)1.6 GHz: cpu xx5= 800 106X= 4000 106=4 Ghz2-2 5. FSB(Front Side Bus)Intel 2008 Core i 7CPU ()CPUFSB

. HyperTransport () HT, AMD 2001 FSB HT > FSB IntelQPIFSBIntel2-2 6. MIPS ( Million Instructions Per Second )GIPS ( Giga Instructions Per Second )

Pentium 3.2 G 3.2GHz = 3200 MHz 3200 MHz , 4 ,3200 MHz 3200 106 3200 106X 4 = 3200 106 ? 4 ? MIPS 4= 800 106 X = 800 106 800 MIPS.CPU2-2 5 ns =200MIPS2-2 CPU 5ns CPU MIPS5 10-95 10-9= 0.2 109 1= 200 106 = 200MIPS5 MIPS =202-2 C P U 5 MIPS5 1065 106= 201000000002-2 CPU1. CPU 1 CPU

2.

CPU L1 CacheL2 Cache

2-2 CPU

CPU CPU. AMD CPU "X" CPU,X4X6.IntelCPUDuoQuad

3. Intel CPU Core 2 Duo Intel CPU Core 2 QuadCore i7 AMD CPU Athlon2 AMD CPU Phenom4Athlon4 IBM Power 4 2012 IBM Power 7+ 80 MB L3/2-2

2-2 ( )1.CPU(A)2CPU (B) CPU1CPU (C) (D)

( )2.CPU(A) (B)CPU (C) CPU (D)CPU

( )3. (A)4CPU(B)CPU 4GHz (C)Intel(D)CPU

2-2 CPU 1.(Register) CPU CPU 2.(PC, Program Counter) CPU 3.(MAR)CPU 4.(IR)CPU

2-2 CPU

PC MAR IR 64 64 bits2-2 ( )1. (A) (B) (C) (D)

( )2.(A) (B)(C) (D)

( )3.CPU (A)(B)(C) (D)

BAB2-2 CPU 1. 2.CPU (OP Code)+(Operand) C=A+B += ABC

2-2 3.CPU (Machine Cycle)

CPU

CPU

()

(1) RAM(2) (3) RAMALU(4) ALU(5) ALURAM MIPS CPU MIPSCPU5-3 CPU CPU 2-2 4. CPU CPU ( ) 2-2 thread cpuCPUCPUHyper-threadingCPUCPU()

()()

Windows 2000,2-2 MultithreadingChip-level multithreadingSimultaneous multithreading()WindowsLinuxDOS

2-2 HT, Hyper-Threading2002XeonSuper-ThreadingPentium 4JacksonCPUCPUCPUHTCPUCPU

2-2 5. ()CPU 5 (A,B,C,D) 54 =20

2-2 5. () 8

CPU, ,

,, , 2-2 ( )1.CPU(A) (B) (C) (D)

( )2. CPU (A) (B) (C) (D)

( )3.CPU(A) (B) (C) (D)2-2

1. nano (nm) 10-9 (Nanotechnology) 2-2 ( )1. 100MHz 1 3 (A)0.3ns (B)3ns (C)30ns (D)300ns 1=1 / 1= 10-210-6 310-8=3010-9=30ns ( )2.1(A) (B) (C) (D) 1/1000000000=10-9( )3.1 (A)1012 (B)109 (C)106 (D)103( )4.1 ns()s()(A)10-6 (B)10-3 (C)103 (D)106

10-9 /(10-12)=10002-2 CPU

( CISC )( CISC )2-2 CPU

2-2 CPU