Chapter 9 & 10 Chapter 9 & 10 NotesNotes

High Middle AgesHigh Middle Ages• Turning Point: 1215: Signing of the Magna Carta -“The Great Charter”

• King John of England forced to sign

The The Magna Magna CartaCarta

The Great The Great CharterCharter

The Magna Carta = Checks and Balances on the King’s Power

Magna Carta 1215Magna Carta 1215• It recognized the rights of

nobles

• Kept King from being an absolute ruler = “Checks & Balances”

• Step towards the people taking back power

King John Signs the “Great King John Signs the “Great Charter”Charter”

Justinian Reign Justinian Reign AccomplishmentsAccomplishments

• Codification of Roman Law• Became the legal system of latter day Europe

• Resulted in the book: “The Body of Civil Law”

English Parliament EmergesEnglish Parliament Emerges• During the reign of

Edward I

• An important development of representative government

1. 2 knights from every county

2. 2 people from every town

3. All nobles and bishops throughout England

English Parliament EmergesEnglish Parliament Emerges

The CrusadesThe Crusades•Campaigns to reclaim the holy land from Muslims

•Pope Urban II led the initial crusades

Urban II – A Pope’s PromiseUrban II – A Pope’s Promise

“All who die… whether by land or by sea, or in battle against the pagans, shall have immediate remission (forgiveness) for sins.”

The Path to War

Effect on the Economy of EuropeEffect on the Economy of Europe

• Average Crusader saved 6 years of income for one year of crusading

• Merchants throughout Europe charged high prices and made huge profits

““Return from the Crusades”Return from the Crusades”

Effect of Crusades on EuropeEffect of Crusades on Europe1.Crusades benefited Italian benefited Italian

portport cities through increased trade

2.First Jewish HolocaustJewish Holocaust – Christian massacre of Jews

3.3.Feudal System CollapseFeudal System Collapse

4.Creation of 4 strong nation-states:

Portugal, Spain, Portugal, Spain, England, & FranceEngland, & France

Effect of Crusades on EuropeEffect of Crusades on Europe

Video: The CrusadesVideo: The Crusades