Challenges and Opportunitiesin

Plastic Recycle

Content• Understand Plastic Identification Code• Some opportunities and challenge• Recycle Plastic Requirement• CSR Model

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PLASTIC IDENTIFICATION CODE

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• Resin Identification Coding System is a set of symbols placed on plastics to identify the polymer type.

• It was developed by the Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI) in 1988.

• Primary purpose of the codes is to allow efficient separation of different polymer types for recycling.

• The symbols used in the code consist of arrows that cycle clockwise to form a rounded triangle and enclosing a number, often with an acronym representing the plastic below the triangle.

• When the number is omitted, the symbol is known as the universal Recycling Symbol, indicating generic recyclable materials. In this case, other text and labels are used to indicate the material(s) used.

• The number not indicate how hard the item is to recycle, nor how often the plastic was recycled. It is an arbitrary number and has no other meaning aside from identifying the specific plastic.

Resin Identification Code Coding System

Source:• Wikipedia

• SPI (Society of Plastic Industry), www.plasticindustry.org

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Beverage bottles; baby milk bottles; electronic casing.

Dependent on polymers or combination of polymers

Other (often polycarbonate or ABS)

Egg cartons; packing peanuts; disposable cups, plates, trays and cutlery; disposable take-away containers;

Versatility, clarity, easily formed

Polystyrene (PS)

Reusable microwaveable ware; kitchenware; yogurt containers; margarine tubs; microwaveable disposable take-away containers; disposable cups and plates.

Strength, toughness, resistance to heat, chemicals, grease and oil, versatile, barrier to moisture.

Polypropylene (PP)

Frozen food bags; squeezable bottles, e.g. honey, mustard; cling films; flexible container lids.

Ease of processing, strength, toughness, flexibility, ease of sealing, barrier to moisture.

Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)

Juice bottles; cling films; PVC pipingVersatility, clarity, ease of blending, strength, toughness.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Water pipes, Hula-Hoop (children's game) rings, Milk, juice and water bottles; the occasional shampoo / toiletry bottle

Stiffness, strength, toughness, resistance to moisture, permeability to gas.

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

Soft drink, water and salad dressing bottles; peanut butter and jam jars

Clarity, strength, toughness, barrier to gas and moisture.

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE)

Common Packaging ApplicationsPropertiesType of plastic polymerPlastic

Identification Code

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Recycle Plastic

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PET BOTTLE & POLYESTER

• Most synthetic fibers (approximately 70%) are made from polyester, and the polyester most often used in textiles is polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

• The majority of the world’s PET production – about 60% – is used to make fibers for textiles; about 30% is used to make bottles. 

• It’s estimated that it takes about 104 million barrels of oil for PET production each year – that’s 70 million barrels just to produce the virgin polyester used in fabrics.

• The reason recycled polyester (often written rPET) is considered a green option in textiles today is twofold, and the argument goes like this:

– Saving energy (33% to 53% less energy than produce from virgin)– Estimate at 54.6% fewer CO2 emissions – Keeping bottles and other plastics out of the landfills.

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Fun Facts About PET

• First PET bottle was recycled in 1977

• FACTS about PET:– Recycling 1 ton of PET bottles saves

7.4 cubic yards of landfill space– It takes 5 recycled two-liter PET

bottles to make one square foot of carpet.

– PET bottles and containers are actually a form of polyester, which is why it is so easy to recycle bottles into T-shirts, sweaters and socks.

– It takes 35 two-liter recycled PET bottles to make the soft filling inside a sleeping bag, called “fiberfill.”

– Plastic makes up 8% of our trash by weight, but is 24% of the volume

Source:• EASTMAN• NAPCOR (National Association for PET Container Resources), www.napcor.com/PET/funfacts.html

21 Apr 20239

Recyclingmeans …..

What is required for “Bottle to Bottle”

Steps for BTB

Baled Bottle

FlakeCollection/

SortingGrindingWas

hing

VACUREMABTB

PelletFlake

Super Cleaning Process

Involved parties….

• Collection company

• Recycler

• Preform producer

• Beverage Industry

• Government – Institutes….

• Consumer

Target for the “BTB” Recycling

• No differences for the consumer

– Performance of the bottle

• Colour, black spots, taste …..

• No risk for the consumer and the industry

• No differences for the preform production

• Economic sense

Parameters for end product

Physical parameters

• IV, AA, Colour, pellet, filtration, ....

• Normally not tasted/approved by the government

Chemical Cleaness - Decontamination

• Normally done only with Challenge and Migration test

• Depends only on the cleaning effect of the system

Required from preform producer

• IV increase - depending on beverage

– Normally yes because in the long term “closed loop” can`t work

• Melt filtration

– Normally yes, because of black spots request, metal, glas, silicon

issue..

• Pellet

– Normally yes, otherwise invest for prefrom producer requested

Request for Chemical Cleanness

• Absolute no risk for consumer – no taste

change….

• “Super cleaning process” has to show the

decontamination by a Challenge Test

• The migration has to be inside the legislation

CSR MODEL

1 Februari 1993:AQUA launched PEDULI Program

PEDULI =

PEngembangan Daur Ulang LImbah

= waste recycling development

AQUA bottles Recycling

Recycling PET Study in Bandung, ITB, 2008• 600 ml• Cups• Mizone

Key Findings

• PET, PP: 85-99% recycled• Scavengers poor social condition

• Social Study on 60 scavengers

Empower Scavengers and prepare sustainable RPET sourcing

• Objective: support innovative social business to– Create value on PP caps– Empower scavengers (water access, health, education…)– Sustain PET flakes Supply (quality, quantity)

• Plan: revitalize AQUA PEDULI initiative through 4 parties partnerships

Waste management bill (Act no 18/2008) - Article #15 The producer oblige to manage the packaging of their product and/or their product which are unable or difficult to be decompose. Packaging management means drawing back packaging for the purpose of recycle or reuse

AQUA SUPPLIER

SCAVENGERSCOMMUNITIES NGO

REMINDER

• 1st pilot unit in Bandung (Q4 09)

• 5 to 10 units in 2010-2011

• Danone Eco Fund for investment

AQUA PEDULI: scavenger cooperative

Market, Home

industry

Consumer

AQUA PEDULI Unit

SUPPLIER

Bottles

Flakes

rPP finished productNGO

Capacity Building

SCAVENGERS

AQUA PEDULI Unit Model

SOCIALENTERPRISE

PET, PP VALORIZATION

SCAVENGERS

COOPERATIVE

WATER ACCESS

EDUCATION& HEALTH

CAPITAL ACCESS

PET, PP, ??

CAPITAL

BENEFIT

SOCIAL BENEFIT

SAVINGACCOUNT

PET Flakes

rPP Finished products

Administration

Market

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