Challenges and Technical Solutions of Long-term Operation for Qinshan1

TAO JUN SHANGHAI, 2018-5

According to IAEA , world-widely, there are 447 nuclear power units in operation, with total installed capacity 4140 million kW, up to end of 2017 .

External Operating Experience：99 units are licensed to operate in America. NRC has issued a total of 89 license renewals, and 47 units have entered their extended operation periods. Data are as of February 2018.

Status of units operation world-wide(up to end of 2017):

There are 38 nuclear power units in operation, with total installed capacity 35807.16 MWe(rated installed capacity ), up to end of 2017 . All the NPPs control operation risk strictly, and keep units in safe and steady operation.

Status of units operation in China (up to end of 2017):

Unit Unit type Installed capacity（MWe）

year to expiration

1 Unit 1, Qinshan Phase I PWR CNP-300 310 3

2 Unit1 Daya Base PWR M310 984 15

3 Unit2 Daya Base PWR M310 984 16

4 Unit 1, Ling’ao Phase I PWR M310 990 24 5 Unit 2, Ling’ao Phase I PWR M310 990 24 6 Unit 1, Qinshan Phase II PWR CNP-600 650 24

7 Unit 1, Qinshan Phase III HWR CANDU-6 728 24

8 Unit 2, Qinshan Phase III HWR CANDU-6 728 25

9 Unit 2, Qinshan Phase II PWR CNP-600 650 26 10 Unit 1, Phase I Expansion PWR CNP-1000 1000 26 11 Unit 1, Tianwan Phase I PWR AES-91 1060 28 12 Unit 2, Tianwan Phase I PWR AES-91 1060 29 13 Unit 2, Ling’ao Phase II PWR CPR-1000 1080 32 14 Unit 3, Qinshan Phase II PWR CNP-600 650 32 15 Unit 4, Ling’ao Phase II PWR CPR-1000 1080 33 16 Unit 4, Qinshan Phase II PWR CNP-600 650 33 17 Unit 1, Ningde PWR CPR-1000 1080 34 18 Unit 1, Yangjiang Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1086 35 19 Unit 1, Hongyan River Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1119 35

Unit Unit type Installed capacity（MWe）

year to expiration

20 Unit 2, Hongyan River Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1119 35 21 Unit 2, Ningde PWR CPR-1000 1080 36 22 Unit 1, Fuqing Phase I PWR CNP-1000 1080 36 23 Unit 2, Yangjiang Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1080 37 24 Unit 3, Yangjiang Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1080 37 25 Unit 2, Phase I Expansion PWR CNP-1000 1000 37 26 Unit 3, Ningde PWR CPR-1000 1080 37 27 Unit 2, Fuqing Phase I PWR CNP-1000 1080 37 28 Unit 1,Changjiang Phase I PWR CNP-600 650 37

29 Unit 1,Fangcheng Habor Phase I

PWR CPR-1000 1080 37

30 Unit 4, Ningde PWR CPR-1000 1080 38 31 Unit 3, Fuqing Phase I PWR CNP-1000 1080 38 32 Unit 4, Hongyan River Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1080 38 33 Unit 1,Changjiang Phase I PWR CNP-600 650 38

34 Unit 1,Fangcheng Habor Phase I

PWR CPR-1000 1080 38

35 Unit 4, Yangjiang Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1080 39 36 Unit 4, Fuqing Phase I PWR CNP-1000 1080 39 37 Unit 3, Hongyan River Phase I PWR CPR-1000 1119 39

38 Unit 3, Tianwan Phase II PWR AES-91 1060 40(2018)

License expiration status of units in opration in China (up to end of 2017）

LTO: Long Term Operation (IAEA) Long term operation (LTO) of a nuclear power plant may be defined as operation

beyond an established time frame set forth by, for example, license term, design,

standards, license and/or regulations, which has been justified by safety assessment,

with consideration given to life limiting processes and features of systems, structures

and components (SSCs).

LR: License Renewal (America) Regulatory process for extending the licensed term of operation of a nuclear plant

(usually from 40 years to 60 years).

OLE: Operation License Extension (China)

It’s the first NPP OLE in China，and the performance has been good over years.

Qinshan Phase I（up to end of 2017）：

• Core power:966MW(accident analysis1035MW)

• Electrical power :330MWe(TMCR) 325MWe(average)

• Loops:2

• Arrangement: single reactor

• Operated since 1991-12

• Performance Index：WANO performance index was almost in advanced value scope in recently 10 years.

WANO performance index

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Q1-1 90.99 96.11 94.52 86.67 92.14 100 98.49 92.84 98.71 98.94 100

advance 90.71 91.19 91.94 90.90 91.96 93.05 92.86 93.16 94.54 96.35 97.94

medium 79.02 80.08 79.41 79.53 80.57 83.19 83.10 83.55 84.07 86.71 89.14

2021.06 NNSA approval

2016.12 Submit the license renewal application

R18

2018.4～2019.4

Modification

Operation license extension to 2041

2006 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2014 2041

LTO SAFETY ASSESSMENT

2015-2016

NNSA review 2017-2021.12

LTO preparation work

2006-2014

LTO feasibilities study

OLE: OPERATING LISCENCE EXTENSION

A Integrated plant assessment 1. Scoping 2. Screening 3. Evaluation the aging effects 4. Demonstration of

effectiveness aging management effectiveness

Time Limited Ageing Analyses

1. Identify generic TLAA issues

2. Exemptions 3. TLAA review 4. Identify the exemptions

in effect

B C • FSAR update 1. FSAR supplement 2. Technical Specification

changes

D • Environmental Report

Qinshan Phase I OLE Technology：

A Life related 1. Steam turbine

generator set 2. E&I equipment

lack of EQ materials

。。。。。。

1. Cabinet in MCR 2. Emergency freeze system 3. Cable Bridge 4. N-2,3 hangers and supports 。。。。。。

B Safety improvement

Safety Assessment：

Engineering Modification：

Qinshan Phase I OLE application：

15 December 2016 ， Qinshan Phase I submitted OLE application to NNSA. Review Dialogue is on going now, OLE Permission is anticipated to obtain in June 2021.

Challenge 1：Domestic OLE law/ standard system is not complete. Domestic OLE regulatory system has not been established systematically in China.

Nuclear Safety Law（Released）

Technology Policy on Nuclear Power Plant Operation License Validity Extension（Released）

–

OLE Overview Reference (in preparation) 《Standard Format and Content for Applications to Extend Nuclear Power Plant Operating

Licenses》 《Standard Review Plan for Review of License Extension Applications for Nuclear Power Plants》 《 Generic Aging Lessons Learned (GALL) Report》 CGALL

Industry Standard, technology （(in preparation）

-Domestic Nuclear Standard and Criterion（GB、NB, etc.） -American Nuclear Industry technology Document（EPRI、NEI，etc.）

-American Nuclear Standard and Criterion（ASME、ANSI/ASN、ASTM和IEEE, etc.）

-French Nuclear Standard and Criterion（RCC-M、RSEM, etc.）

Guidelines

Laws and regulations

HAD

Industry Standard

Technical Policy： 1. Application and approval(5 years, 20 years) 2. Safety review basis (FSAR, EIA, Commissioning

Reports, QA program ) 3. Documents submitted with application 4. Standards and specifications followed by Safety

review 5. Continuous improvement Review Criteria： • Safety assessment basis • Review basis • Key point for reviewing (scoping and screening、

AMR、TLAA、EIA)

• Technical policy seminar（4）

• Compile investigation reports on OLE background(10)

• Workshop on OLE program （1）

• OLE communication meeting（quarterly）

Solution for Challenge 1（1）

Solution for Challenge 1（2）： • keep in communication with

regulators before and after OLE application, determine the technology route, review scope, review methodology, meanwhile report and solve phased problems.

• Accumulate experience, and establish regulatory laws through the practice of OLE application at present.

• Through experience learned from Qinshan and Daya Base OLE practice, Build up OLE regulatory system for NPPs in China

• Following bottom-up approach, establish industry standards, then complete guidelines, and finally establish legal requirements.

Solution for Challenge 1（3）： • Through OLE practice，

utilities in joint with research institutes, establish industry standard system, involving scoping and screening、AMR、TLAA、EIA、FSAR update etc..

• Establish industry guidelines. which is recognized by regulatory body to guide the LTO activities of NPPs.

There is no practice of OLE on commercial NPP to study in China, Qinshan Phase I is the first unit on OLE application, so we have much to explore to move forward.

Challenge 2: Engineering practice of OLE is insufficient.

Solution for Challenge 2： • Perform extensive

investigation and research to determine technology route.

• Communicate with foreign experienced peers.

• Discuss with designing institutes.

• Hold periodic workshop to negotiate and solve problems

IAEA Workshop on NPP LTO IAEA SALTO peer review

Technology communication

with Westinghouse

IAEA workshop on aging

management

Technology exchange

with EPRI

2016.6，Seminar on screening 2016.7， Seminar on metal fatigue

2016.9， Seminar on RPV 2016.10， Seminar on

environmental evaluation

Challenge 3：AMP system supporting for LTO of NPP need to be improved. AMPs developed in most Domestic NPPs are mainly for partial critical equipment, A whole AMPs to support LTO of NPP is not established.

Solution for Challenge 3 ： • Joint the IAEA IGALL program • Establish a standard AMP system by reference of foreign mature

experience. • Develop specific AMPs for specific reactor type (HWR, fast reactor, HGTR)

supplementally.

1 Ageing Inspection Program of Nuclear Safety Class I/II/III Mechanical Components（section B2.1.1）

20

One-time Inspection Program of Class 1 Small-bore Piping for Operating License Extension（section B2.1.20）

2 Water Chemistry Management Program for Operating License Extension（section B2.1.2） 21 Inspection Program of Reactor Vessel Neutron Flux Thimble Tube（section B2.1.21）

3 Ageing Management Program of Reactor Head Closure Stud Bolting（section B2.1.1）

22

Inspection of internal surfaces in miscellaneous piping and ducting components（section B2.1.22）

4 Management Program of Boric Acid Corrosion（section B2.1.4） 23 Program of Llubricating Oil Analysis（section B2.1.23）

5

Management program of primary water stress corrosion cracking of Nickel-Alloy components（section B2.1.5） 24

Ageing Management Program of Neutron absorber（B2.1.24）

6 Ageing Management Program of Reactor Vessel Internals（section B2.1.6） 25 Buried Piping Ageing Management Program（section B2.1.25）

7 Management Program of Flow Accelerated Corrosion（section B2.1.7） 26 Containment Ageing Inspection Program（section B2.1.26）

8 Ageing Management Program of Bolting Integrity（section B2.1.8） 27 Safety-related Component Supports Ageing Inspection Program （section B2.1.27）

9 Aging Management Program of Steam Generator（section B2.1.9）

28 Containment Leak-tightness Testing Ageing Program（section B2.1.28）

10 Aging Management Program of Open-cycle Cooling Water System（section B2.1.10）

29 Structural Monitoring Program （section B2.1.29）

11 Closed Treated Water System Aging Management Program （section B2.1.11）

30 Water-control Structures Inspection Program（section B2.1.30）

12 Inspection Program of Overhead Heavy Load and Light Load Handling Systems（section B2.1.12）

31

Protective coating’s inside Containment Monitoring and Maintenance Program （section B2.1.31）

13 Ageing Management Program of Compressed Air System（ section B2.1.13）

32 Aging Management Programme of Low-voltage Cable（section B2.1.32）

14 Ageing Management Program of fire Protection System（section B2.1.14）

33 Aging Management Programme of Medium Voltage Cable（section B2.1.33）

15 Ageing Management Program of Fire Water System（ section B2.1.15）

34 Aging Management Programme of Cable connections（section B2.1.34）

16 Age management program of fuel oil system （section B2.1.16）

35 Aging Management Programme of Metal enclosed bus（section B2.1.35）

17 Reactor Pressure Vessel Material Ageing Surveillance Program（section B2.1.17）

36 Aging Management Programme of Switchyard bus（section B2.1.36）

18 Program of One-Time Inspection for Operating License Extension（section B2.1.18） 37 Aging Management Programme of Insulator（section B2.1.37）

19

One-time Inspection Program of Class 1 Small-bore Piping for Operating License Extension（section B2.1.19）

A set of AMPs developed during OLE of Qinshan1

Challenge 4：Fundamental research on aging management is insufficient. Domestic aging management is mainly performed by reference to foreign mature practice, the study on aging mechanism and mitigation measures need to be improved.

Solution for Challenge 2 ： • Big power groups are building professional teams on aging and life, and

start to do research on technologies effecting OLE systematically. • NNSA lead the compiling work of domestic aging management

experience.

Challenge 5：Some original designed documents are missing. As an early NPP, weak benchmark system for safety assessment, lack of history data, missing of early design materials, causes difficulty to safety assessment.

Solution for Challenge 5 ： • Identified all the codes or standards used for design, determining the missing parts.

Put them into FSAR. • Take the updated FSAR as the safety assessment basis. • Cooperate with original designing institute to rebuild design documentation system

by reference of current design documents and tracing of original design documents. Perform specific assessment in individual cases.

• Obtain information through a mass of walk-down and interview in case of incomplete history data, inconsistency between and system manuals, updated drawings.

Nuclear regulatory requirement is higher and higher , especially after Fukushima accident, the government of China requires the utilities abide by the highest nuclear power standards Early NPPS have to perform a large amount of modification projects to meet the current laws or requirements from the government, which cause lower investment rate and higher site construction risk.

Challenge 6：Higher requirements from the government.

24

Sea Water Dam Height Increase

Some modification after Fukushima accident

Modification for OLE of Qinshan1

Solution for Challenge 6 （1）：Power uprate

Turbine modification Main control room modification

Solution for Challenge 6(2) ： Strengthen implementation control • Establish the OLE Engineering Modification

Plan Group to integrate outage activities and make sure sources and conditions in place.

• Make specific site risk control plans to make sure the risk is controllable.

• Implement tripartite coordination mechanism to make sure the problem is solved at any time.

• Establish the OLE Engineering Modification Commissioning Group ，compile specific commissioning outline, plan and ,procedures to ensure unit safe start-up.

Arrival of CCW pipeline for Hydrogen elimination fan and spent fuel cooler