chandigarh-le.pptx

8/14/2019 Chandigarh-Le.pptx

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CHANDIGARH


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Let this be a new town, symbolic offreedom of India unfettered by the

traditions of the past.. an expressions

of the nations faith in the future.


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After the Partition of India in 1947, the former British province of Punjab was also split

between east Punjab in India and west Punjab in Pakistan.

The Indian Punjab required a new capital city to replace Lahore, which became part of

Pakistan during the partition.

It was decided to built a new Capital city called Chandigarh about 240 kms. north of

New Delhi on a gently sloping terrain with foothills of the Himalayas the Shivalik range of

the North and two Seasonal rivulets flowing on its two sides approximately 7-8 kms

apart.

The geographical location of the city is 30 degree 50' N latitude and 76 degree 48'

longitude and it lies at an altitude varying from 304.8 to 365.76 meters above sea level.

All of the urban and architectural work of Le Corbusier listed

in this document is located within Chandigarh's "Phase One",

an area of approximately 70 sq. km. which can be regarded as

the city's "Historic Core.

UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE CENTER


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To select a suitable site, the Govt. of Punjab appointed a Committee in 1948 under

the Chairmanship of P.L Verma, Chief Engineer to assess and evaluate the existing

towns in the State for setting up the proposed capital of Punjab.

However, none was found suitable on the basis of several reasons, such as military

vulnerability, shortage of drinking water, inaccessibility, inability to cope in flux of large

number of refugees etc.The present site was selected in 1948 taking into account various attributes such as

its Central location in the state, proximity to the national capital & availability of

sufficient water supply, fertile of soil, gradient of land for natural drainage, beautiful site

with the panorama of blue hills as backdrop & moderate climate.


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An American Firm, M/s. Mayer, Whittlessay and Glass was commissioned in 1950 to

prepare the Master Plan for the new City. Albert Mayer and Mathew Novicki evolved a

fan shaped Master Plan and worked out conceptual sketches of the super block.

The super block was designed as a selfsufficient neighborhood units placed along the

curvilinear roads and comprised of cluster type housing, markets and centrally located

open spaces.

Novicki was tragically killed in an air accident and Mayer decided to discontinue.

Thereafter, the work was assigned to a team of architects led by Charles Eduard

Jeanneret better known as Le Corbusier in 1951.

He was assisted by three senior architects, Maxwell Fry, his wife Jane B Drew andCorbusierscousin, Pierre Jeanneret. These senior architects were supported by a team

of young Indian architect and planner consisting of M.N. Sharma, A. R. Prabhawalkar,

U.E. Chowdhary, J.S. Dethe, B.P. Mathur, Aditya Prakash, N.S. Lanbha and others.

The Master Plan was developed by Le Corbusier who also designed the Capital

Complex and established the architectural control & design of the main building of the

city. The design of housing for Govt. employees, schools, shopping centers, hospitalswere disturbed among the three senior architects.


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Discipline of

Money

Technology

Climate

The architectural problem

consists;

first to makeshade,

second to make a

current of air[to ventilate],

third to controlhydraulics.


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CORBUSIERS CONCEPTUAL SKETCH SHOWING THE V-ROAD

SYSTEM

V1-CONNECTS CHANDIGARH

TO OTHER CITIES

V2-ARE THE MAJOR AVENUES

OF THE CITY

V3-ARE THE CORRIDORS

STREETS FOR VEHICULAR

TRAFFIC ONLY

V4..V7 -ARE THE ROADS

WITHIN THE SECTORS


17/56Drawings showing the realisat ion of the f i rs t ph ase of Chandigarh f rom 1951-66. Source: Docum ent ing Chandigarh

1.INSPECTING THE SITE,1951.

2.BUILDING ROADS, 1951.

3.MINISTERS BUNGALOW, SEC-2,1956.

4.NURSERY SCHOOL, SECTOR -16,1956.

1.TOWN HALL & STATE LIBRARY, SEC-17,1961.

2.POLYTECHNIQUE FOR MEN, SEC-26,1961.

3.GANDHI BHAVAN, SEC-14,1966.

4.ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, SEC-14.1966.

THE SECTOR


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THE SECTOR

In its first phase Chandigarh was organized in 30 sectors. The sector was conceived

as an autonomous unit including housing as well as all service needed for everyday

life: schools, artisans, shops, leisure.


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THE CITY LANDSCAPE PLAN OF THE FIRST PHASES, SHOWING THE LEISURE VALLEY& THE SWATHS OF GREEN SPACES THAT ALSO ACT AS FLOOD CONTROL.

THE GROWTH OF


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THE GROWTH OF

CHANDIGARH 1966-96,

STARTING WITH SECTORS 1

& 2 IN PHASE 1, &

CURRENTLY CONSISTING

OF 86 SECTORS


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ANALYSIS OF THE

DISTRIBUTION OF

SOCIAL GROUPS IN

CHANDIGARH IN

1998.


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EACH SECTOR IS DESIGNATED BY NUMBER,THE CAPITAL COMPLEX BEING NUMBER

1,WITH THE REMAINING SECTORS NUMBERED CONSECUTIVELY BEGINNING AT THE

NORTH CORNER OF THE CITY.


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EXISTING PLAN OF SECTOR22 (HAVING POPULATION OF 25000 PEOPLE)

EACH SECTOR IS DESIGNATED BY NUMBER,THE CAPITAL COMPLEX BEING NUMBER 1,WITH THE

REMAINING SECTORS NUMBERED CONSECUTIVELY BEGINNING AT THE NORTH CORNER OF THE

CITY.

Drawings showing sector 22 with its shopping district running across the sector.


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COMPARATIVE FIGURE GROUND DIAGRAMS OF ONE SQUARE MILE AREA


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THE AREA OF THE GREATEST SYMBOLIC SIGNIFICANCE IN CHANDIGARH WAS

THE CAPITOL COMPLEX , WHICH IN ITS FINAL FORM WAS BASED ON THEDESIGN OF A GRAET CROSS AXIS.

THE MOST IMPORTANT GROUP OF THE BUILDINGS CONSTITUTING THE

CAPITOL-PARLIAMENT, THE SECRETARIAT.

IN THE FOREGROUND, THE POOL OF THE PALACE OF JUSTICE.

THE CAPITOL AREA WAS DESIGNED AS THE GREAT PEDISTRIAN PLAZA WITH

MOTOR TRAFFIC SEPARATED INTO SUNKEN TRENCHES LEADING TO PARKING

AREAS

ALTHOUGH THE SITE IS VERY BIG,IT IS NOT DESIGNED WITH ALLOWENCE FOREXPANSION

THE CAPITOL COMPLEX


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PLAN OF CAPITOL BUILDING,SECTOR-11.Parliament

2.Secretariat

3.GovernorsPalace

4.High Court

5.Truncated Pyramid

6.Monument for the victims7.Open Hand


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LE CORBUSIERS UNSHAKEABLE BELIEF IN THE ANTHROPOMETRICPROPORTIONAL CONNECTIONS & LINKS CREATED BY GOLDEN

SECTION


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The Secretariat The High Court

The Assembly Hall Huge Open Plaza


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