Changes in American Values and Cultures

Amber Mascarenas

Impact on Economic PerceptionsoMajor move from capitalism to

socialism

oSocialist party had 15,000

members

oMany anti-capitalist

movements

Impact on Economic Perceptions

oFDR tried to save capitalism and

was supported by members of the

leftist party

oMove to Communism

oGrew especially during the Red

Decade

Impact of Economic Perceptions

oThe Economy

oShrank by 50% in the first 5 years of the depression

oFrom the start in August to the end of the year, 650

banks had failed

Impact of Economic PerceptionsoPresidents

oHoover

oViewed as a laissez-faire individual who did

nothing while the economy fell deeper into

the depression

Impact of Economic Perceptions

oFDR

oCredited with the New Deal

programs and the ”rescue”

from the great depression

Impact of Economic Perceptions

oThe Federal Reserve

oControlled the supply of money

oMoney plays a role in every economic

transaction

Impact of Economic PerceptionsoDeadly monetary “foes”:

o Inflation

oRising Prices

oDeflation

oFalling Prices

Rise of Government Dependence

oThe Federal and State governments were

previously responsible for their lower class

communities but now had to seek financial

assistance of their own

oNew Deal Programs

Rise of Government Dependence

oFederal Emergency Relieve Act (FERA)

o1932

oResponsible for managing effort to

distribute federal relief funds to individual

states

Rise of Government DependenceoCivilian Works Administration

(CWA)

oCreated jobs in public works

oIncluded road repair, digging

of drainage ditches and the

maintenance of local parks

Rise of Government Dependence

oPublic Works Administration (PWA)

oSimilar to CWA but with a focus on bigger

picture projects (airports)

Rise of Government Dependence

oCivilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

oTarget population was unemployed youths

oFocus was to provide jobs and stability to the

younger generation of the depression

Rise of Government DependenceoFarming during the depression

oGovernment programs helped

farmers live through the 1930’s

and changed the future of

agriculture

The Red DecadeoTerm coined by journalist and historian Eugene Lyons

to describe a period in American history in the 1930s

oCharacterized by a widespread infatuation with

communism

oParticularly Stalinism

The Red Decade

oLyons argues that American intellectuals gave

the then-Stalinist Soviet Union (Stalinism)

international goodwill and respectability that it

did not deserve

Effect on Popular CultureoWide emergence of many influential cultural

trends

oLiterature, arts, music, and cinema became

vehicles for establishing and promoting

traditions and values

Effect on Popular Culture

oNew Deal programs

were established to

support artists, writers,

musicians, and theater

professionals

Effect on Popular Culture

oPublic Works of Art Project (PWAP)

oEmployed artist to create public works of art

oArtists painted scenes depicting ordinary American

life in public buildings

oDecember 1933-June 1934

Effect on Popular Culture

oSection of Painting and Sculpture

oAimed to select high quality art to decorate

public buildings in the form of murals

oMade art accessible to all people

Effect on Popular Culture

oFederal Art Project (FAP)

oAugust 29, 1935-June 30, 1943

oReplaced PWAP

oUnder the 1935 Works Progress Administration

(WPA)

Effect on Popular Culture

oProvided funding for artists to create murals,

easel paintings, sculpture, graphic art, posters,

photography, theater design, and arts and crafts

oEstablished more than 100 community art centers

around the country

Effect on Popular CultureoMotion Picture (or Hollywood) Production Code of

1930

oGuidelines that Hollywood film studios agreed upon

under the pressure of Christian leaders who sought

to remove obscenity from the movie industry

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