chap 14 -bustle & 90s
TRANSCRIPT
c. 1870 - 1900
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIES
C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
From 1870 to 1890 was named after the bustle, the
predominant feature of women’s dresses.
The Bustle Period
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The way clothing was produced and sold began to change. Contributory to these changes were:
• Wide use of sewing machines• Development of sized paper
patterns• Technology allowing the
cutting of many garment pieces at the same time.
“Circular knife (Wolf type A) was patented in 1888 and cut
one thickness of cloth.”1
“Wolf Model 2279 used a thin vertical blade action to cut
three thicknesses of cloth.”2
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
At the same time, the influx of immigrants provided workers and consumers for the clothing industry.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Department stores and mail order catalogs provided new ways of selling clothing.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The undergarments worn to support the new silhouette of the 1870’s continued to include many of the same elements as in
previous periods:• Underdrawers• Chemise• Corset• Corset Cover
Click to toggle image.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
An alternative for underwear became available, the combination, which combined drawers and chemise into one
garment.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The new element was the bustle, a structure to support a skirt with a full back.
1869 -1875
1873 1876 1886
Visit Farthingales for a discussion on bustle shape
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
In the twenty years that bustles were in fashion, three different shapes of bustles were worn.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The earliest bustles, c. 1870-1878, created by manipulating the full skirt in a waterfall-like effect, often with a train.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Called a sheath or cuirass bodice, the second bustle type, c. 1878-1883, dropped fullness to below the back of the knees.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The final bustle type, c. 1883 – 1890, was rigid and shelf-like and rarely had a train.
Click image to Enlarge
X
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
With the fullness concentrated at the back, outdoor garments had to be cut to accommodate the skirt.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
About 1990 the bustle lost its prominence, the only reminder was a small group of pleats at the back of the skirt.
The Nineties
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
As back fullness diminished sleeves grew larger, skirts more circular and an hour-glass shape silhouette came into fashion.
Click image to rotate 360°
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Even two piece “tailor-made” suits for women had the popular leg-of-mutton
sleeves.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Now the outdoor garments had to accommodate the large sleeves.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Women began working in factories and offices in ever larger numbers.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The availability of ready-made blouses called shirtwaists made a shirtwaist and skirt the ideal dress for work.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Throughout the 19th Century women had begun to take part in
more sports. A craze for bicycling in the 1890’s
contributed to the return of bloomers for women.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The Aesthetic Movement in the arts encouraged a
rejection of the current bustle fashions in favor of what its
proponents called a “Medieval” look.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Art Nouveau design motifs appeared in jewelry, as patterns in textiles, and were reflected in the s-shape curves of garments at
the turn of the Century…
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Hair and Headdress
c. 1880’s c. 1890’s c. 1880’s c. 1870’s
c. 1899 - 1900 French Floral Toque c.1890 Gray Velvet Toque 1880's Black Straw Bonnet
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Footwear
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Additional Accessories
Gloves Capelet
Mourning BroochParasol Watch Glasses
Fan
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
While the rapid changes in women’s clothing styles were readily
apparent, changes in men’s clothing from 1870
to 1900 were more subtle.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Men, too could wear combinations or union suits.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Men could choose from more types of jackets. Generally the type of jacket worn was related
to the formality of the occasion.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
An innovation in evening wear was the tuxedo, made with a sack jacket and first worn in the 1880’s.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
For golf and other sports activities, knickers were worn.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The basic styles, such as the Chesterfield and frock coats, changed little, but lengths varied. More exotic styles included
the Inverness and the Ulster.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Hair and Headdress
Derby Top Hats Fedora Straw Boater
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Footwear
Oxfords Tennis Shoes
Balmorals
Congress Boot Bicycle balmorals
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Additional Accessories
Collars
Ties and Ascots Gloves
Pince Nez
Walking Sticks
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Bustles appeared in the dresses of young girls as
well as adult women.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Little boys still wore skirts, then graduated to any of several types of suits.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
The popularity of a children’s book, Little Lord Fauntleroy, led mothers to dress their sons in costumes similar to those of the
book’s hero.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Throughout Victoria’s reign emphasis on
propriety and custom was strong. Emphasis
on a strict code for mourning dress was one example. As the century ended, Victoria’s reign was coming to end, and
so were the strict customs that regulated the mourning dress that would be put on at her
death.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
For Further Study
Museum And Collection Web Sites With Photographs Of Period ClothingTexas Fashion Collection http://web2.unt.edu/tfc_test/main/Index.htm Bata Shoe Museum http://www.batashoemuseum.ca/collectindex.html Bath Museum http://www.museumofcostume.co.uk Pictures from Beverly Berks Couture Collection which has extensive collection of
images of garments and accessories. http://www.camrax.com Museum of the City of New York. Images from several exhibits. www.mcny.org
/collections Philadelphia Museum www.philamuseum.org Metropolitan Museum of Art: Costume Institute
www.metmuseum.org/works_of_art/collection.asp Smithsonian National Museum of American History, Washington, DC
http://americanhistory2.si.edu/costume/fullindex.cfm Cornell University Costume Collection http://
char.txa.cornell.edu/treasures/index.html Drexel University Costume Gallery http://digimuse.cis.drexel.edu/home.html
19th Century Shoeshttp://www.northampton.gov.uk/Museums/Collections/Boot_and_Shoe/History_of_Shoes/19th_Century.htm
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
For Further Study
Veblen’s Theory Of The Leisure Classeshttp://www.pemberley.com/janeinfo/pembfun/vebleis7.html
Bustleshttp://www.fashion-era.com/bustles.htm#Bustles
Art Nouveauhttp://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/a/artnouveau.html http://www.artelino.com/articles/art_nouveau.asp
Aesthetic Dresshttp://www.gbacg.org/aesthetic_dress_inspirations.htm http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/british_galleries/bg_styles/Style08a/objects/object5_1.html
Books With Drawings Showing Construction Of Historic ClothingArnold, J. 1977. Patterns of Fashion. Vol. 1: 1660-1860. Vol. 2: 1860-1940. New
York: Drama Book Specialists.Waugh, N. 1991. The Cut of Men's Clothes, 1600-1900. New York: Theater Arts
Books.Waugh, N. 1994. The Cut of Women's Clothes, 1600-1930. New York: Theater
Arts Books.
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C H A P T E R F O U R T E E N
THE BUSTLE PERIOD AND THE NINETIESc. 1870 - 1900
Image Credits
Various images, courtesy of Deborah Burke, [ www.antiquedress.com ].Various images, courtesy of Violet J. Willis, [ www.trousseau.net ].Various images, courtesy of [ www.farthingales.on.ca ].Various dress images, courtesy of [ www.antique-fashion.com ].Image of 1890's Butterick Pattern. Ladies' nine gored flare skirt, in round, clearing or shorter length, courtesy of, [http://www.vintagemartini.com].Various Hat Images, courtesy of [ www.vintageshirt.co.uk ].Image of Wolf Cutting Equipment, courtesy of [http://www.moah.org/exhibits/archives/stitches/tech.html].Image of Woman with bustle, by Hall, [http://mywebpages.comcast.net/saretzky].Various images, courtesy of Karen Augusta, c. 2005, [ www.antique-lace.com ].Various images in this chapter are courtesy of Photo Arts; Fairchild Publications, Inc.; Fairchild Library;